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Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTK  >\ 


OF    THE 


ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 


OF 


PHILADELPHIA. 


VOLUME  V,   1894. 


EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GKO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARI.KS  A.  BI.AKK. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARI.KS  LIEBKCK. 

Rev.  HSNRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


INDEX  TO  VOLUME  V. 


GENERAL  ENTOMOLOGY. 

Alpine  insects i 

Arthropods,   Classification   of  213, 

315- 

Bisulphide   of   Carbon    as    an 
insecticide  .     .     .     .     .     .     .221 

Chicago,  Entomology  at      .     .  309 

Disease  and  flies 18 

Doherty,    W 48 

Economic  Entomologists,   As- 
sociation of  248,     .     .    249,  254. 
Economic  Entomology  15,  44,  73, 

116,  143,  1^2,  220,  249,  283,  311. 
Editorials  14,  42,  72,   115,   142,   181, 

219,  248,  282,  310. 
Elementary   Entomology   65,    104, 

138. 

Entomological  Literature  16,  21,  51, 
8r,  116,  117,  121,  143,  144,  148, 
187,  220,  222,  225,  255,  284,  288, 

310,  317- 

Entomological    Section,    Pro- 
ceedings of  24,  85,  154,   193,  233, 

292,  323- 
Experimental  Agriculture   .     .     19 

Exportation   of   Beneficial    in- 
sects        184 

Feldman      Collecting     Social, 

Meeting  of  ....  292,  322 
Floriculture,  Entomology  in  .316 
Field  meeting  at  Jamesburg  .  224 
Fireflies,  Experimenting  with  .  316 

Fossil  insects 80 

Insecticides 221,  223 

Introduced  insects       .     .     .     .311 
Julicli,  \Y.      . 

Legislation   against    insects     .     44 
Local  lists,  Value  of  .     .     .      .119 
Mails,    Transmission  of  speci- 
mens bv          42 


Morris,  Rev.  J.  G 19 

Mt.  Washington,   Insects  of  i,  271 

Net,  Graf-Kriisis' 147 

New  genera,  Formation  of  .     .  253 

Newspaper    entomology    2iS,  247 

253- 

Norton,  Edward  .  .  .  .  .161 
Notes  and  News  17,  47,  77,  i  is,  146, 

185,  223,  253,  286,  313. 
Parasites  of  wild  bees     .     .     .   1 70 
Say  Memorial  Chapter  A .  A.  .     i  S 

Schuster,  M 96 

Staley,  O.  J 236 

Stowaways,  Insects  as  .  .  .113 
Texas,  Cellecting  in  ....  307 

Type  specimens 142 

U.  S.  Entomologist     .     .     .     .    iS2 

Walsh,  B.  D.      ... 

Whistling  tree 223 

ARACHNIDA. 

Cercidia 8 

Larinia S 

JMephila  madagascarensis  .  .  79 
Michigan  Araneae  .  .  .  .  i'\; 
New  N.  Amer.  species  8.  56,  84, 

124,  153,  192,  2320,  259,  299,  321. 
Ochyrocera  pacific  a*  ....  299 
Orchesfina  sn/litaiif*  ....  300 

Pear-leaf  mites 76 

Spider  mimicry  .  .  .  .  .  i  i» 
Spiders  new  to  the  U.  S.,  Two 

families  of 

MYRIAPODA. 

New  N.  Amer.  species     ...     2; 

THYSANURA. 

Lepitiocyiins  ccfiiialopurpm 

324. 
New  \.  Amer.  species 

324- 


*  Denotes  new  North  American  sp 


11 


INDEX. 


ORTHOPTERA. 

Cockroach,  Habits  of  .  75, 
Grasshoppers,  Outbreak  of  .216 
Locusts,  Flight  of  .....  237 
Mantis,  Robber-fly  and  .  .  .169 
New  N.  Amer.  species  56,  85,  153, 

192,  2320,  259,  291,  322. 
Pink  Katydids    ......   278 

NEUROPTERA. 

.  Icschna  clepsydra  and  crenata, 

Specific  indentity  of    ...       9 
(  'annacria  gravida     ....   193 

Distribution  of  Odonata    .  242,314 
(,'oinp/in.s  lividiis    .....  324 

I  la  genius  brevistylus       .     .     .  324 
Home  among  the  tree  tops,  A  301 
Kansas,  N.  of    ......   178 

Maine,  Odonata   of    ....   132 

Myrmeleonidae  new  to  Illinois    47 
Mystacides  punctata*  .     .     .     .180 

NVu  N.  A.  species  85,  153,  180,  322 
Pantala  Jiavescens      ....  324 

White  Ant  again     .....  314 


Scolopostethns 108 

Tettigonidae,  Synonymical 


HEMIPTERA. 

Aspidiotus  bowreyi*   . 


nerii 


steelii*  .  .  263, 
Ceroplastes  albolineatus*  .  . 
Chinch-bug,  Contagious  dis- 

eases of  ........ 

<  'liionaspis   major*     .... 

Cicada,  Periodical  ..... 

Coccidae  on  Ivy  ...... 

Diaspis  lanatus  ...... 

/•'rii'i-/ni  H.^  coccincus*     .     .     . 
|  amaica,  New  wax-scale  from  . 
Lecanium  urichi*  ..... 

Meromyza  nuiiin'-imi  ... 
N<-\\  N.  AIIHT.  spec  24,  43,  59, 

i  .S3,  192,  203,  232^,  260,  263, 

1  ><  eanic  1  1.,  I  laliits  of     .     .  33 


59 
79 

282 

157 

222 

43 
145 

2IO 

43 

204 

157 
203 
17 
84, 

29 i. 

„  78 
i? 


notes  on  N.  A. 


155 


COLEOPTERA, 


San    Jusc  scale     .      .      .      .     |S2, 


Agrilus  sinuatus     .     .     .    311,323 

Aphanotus 40 

Bostrychus,  An  imported  .  .118 
Briaraxis  arthritica*  .  .  .159 
depressa*  .  .  .  .159 
Bryaxis  albionica*  .  .  .  '  .  195 
California,  C.  of  .  .  .  .  17,  97 
Carpophilus  niger  larva  .  .  .  260 

Cassida  nebulosa 146 

Cassididae,  Notes  on  our      .     .  224 

Conibius 40 

Criocetis  i2-punctata       .     .     .  292 

Cryptohypnus 6 

Cucujidae  of  San  Diego   ...     17 

Cychrus  elevatus 18 

Cyllodes  biplagiatus  larva    .     .  262 

Desmoris 205 

Early  spring  trip,  An    .     .     .        175 

Ecyrus  dasycerits 323 

Euplectus  raff  ray  i*     .     .     .     .196 
Hispini  of  New  Jersey     ...     40 

Mine,  An  insect 114 

Mononychus  vulpcculus  and  its 

parasites 287 

New  Jersey,  C.  of  .     .     .      40,   115 
New  N.  Amer.  species  56,  84,  124, 

153,  '59-  !92,  195,  !96,  2320,  260, 

322. 
Oxyporns  rufipennis  and  stygi- 

cus 13 

Passing  comments,  Some     .     .  205 
I'/afypsyl/tis,  Sexual  characters 

of 141 

Pselaphidae, 158,  194 

Reared  C 140 

Sapriinis  sulcafiilits     ....  14 

Scyinnus 293 

Sniicn>nyx 205 

Timber  beetles 76 

'/'rito>iia  lutnicralis  larva  260 


I ''H  North  American  speci 


INDEX. 


111 


DIPTERA. 

Asilidae,  Habits  of  no,  169,  173 
firachycoma  davidsoni*  .  .  .172 

Bugonia  superstition  ....  48 
Ceroplatus  fasciola*  .  .  .  .126 
Criorhina  (Cynorhina)  julni- 

soni* 125 

Erax 136 

Flies  and  disease 18 

Holcocephala  calva  ....  292 
Mounting  D.,  Hints  in  regard 

to 245 

New   N.  Amer.  species  24,  56  84, 

125,  154,  193,  2320:,  322. 

Orthostethus  infuscata     .     .     .  292 

Rhynchocephalus  sackeni     .     .  47 

Robber-fly no,  169 

Sapromyzince,  Amer.  gereraof  196 

Tachinid  attack 78 

Tovvnsend  collection  ....  186 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Alcathce  caudatum      .     .     .     .331 

Alctia  argillacea 147 

Ap  at  ura  celtis 120 

Arkansas,  L.  of 108 

Brooklyn,  Collecting  in  ...  174 
Catocalse  of  Pittsburg  .  .  .212 

Classification  of  L 240 

Codling  moth 284 

Coinposia  fidelissima  .  .  .  .118 
Connecticut,  Butterflies  of  .  .  77 
Cossids  and  woodpeckers  .  .  73 

Cossus  cent  ere  us  is 314 

Destroying    caterpillars     New 

method  of 283 

Destroy  Zeuzera  pyrina,  To  .  287 
Dygoniidae,  New  West  African  57 

Early  L 79,  146,  147 

Ercb its  odora  in  houses  .      71,   117 

Eudanius  outis* 332 

Eunica  tatila 17 

Euphoria  inda* 198 

Geometrid  larvae,  Descriptions 

of .  60 


Geometrina 65 

Id.,  Types  of  N.  Amer.  in  Eu- 
ropean collections  ....  302 
Grain  moth  at  the  Fair  ...  15 
Greenland  Microlepidoptera  .  129 
Hepialus  lemberti*  ....  25 
Hesperidae,  African  .  .  .26,  89 

Hyparpax  tyria* 198 

Martindale  collection  ....  146 
Microlepidoptera  .  104,  129,  138 
Missouri,  Sphinges  of  .  .  .  176 
Montana,  Butterflies  of  .  .  .36 
Myscelia  skinneri*  ....  96 
New  African  species  .  .  26,  57,  89 
New  Genera,  Formation  of  .  253 
New  N.  Amer.  species  24,  25,  56, 
96,  no,  124,  131,  153,  193,  198, 
232*1,  260,  330,  331,  332. 
Notes  common  or  otherwise  .  277 

Pagara   eudora* 198 

Papilio  cresphontes    .     .     .     .212 

' '        /laments  larva  and  pupa  101 

"       philenor'm  N.  E.     .    41,  77 

Philampelus  licaon     .     .     .     .314 

Pterophorina      ....    208,  279 

Pyralidina    and    Pterophorina, 

relationship  between    .     208,  279 
Sannina  exitiosa  n.  var.       .     .331 

Sciapteron  dollii* 330 

"          seminole*      .     .     .  330 
Sericoris  meng eland*    .     .     .131 
Smerinthus  geminatus    .     .     .  315 
"  Interfaunal  hybrid.  326 

Sphinges  of  Missouri  .     .     .     .176 
Sphinx    luscitiosa    larva    and 

pupa •  265 

Tachyris    ilaire    v.    Nciimoe- 

genii* no 

The  da  acis 180 

"       ia/ifoniica       ....  329 
Timor-Laut,  Butterflies  of  ^ 

Utah,  Collecting  in      .     .     133.    164 
\Vnturesome  insects  .     .          .120 

HYMENOPTERA. 

A /y  so  n  nutiatus* -S7 


*  Denotes  tiew  North  American  species. 


IV 


INDEX. 


Alyson  sfriatus* 87 

Synopsis  of    ...          86 

Ants  from  N.  Mex 103 

Bees  fly,  How  far  do?  .  .  254 
Bembex  moncdonta  ....  323 
Bees,  Parasites  of  wild  .  .  .17° 

lirachycistHS 296 

"          elegantulus*     .     .295 
Calliopsis  snbalpinus*     .     .     .  235 

Chrysis  mesillcs* 125 

Didineis  nodosa* 127 

"       peculiar  is*    .     .     .     .128 
"       Synopsis  of  .     .     .     .   126 
IJaypiphorus  maculatus,  Num- 
ber of  annual  broods  of    .     .  275 

Hcmiteles 118,  146 

Longevity  of  parasites  .  .  .147 
Mcllinus,  Synopsis  of  ...  201 

Melissodcs  tristis* 234 

Mounting  H.,  Hints  in  regard  to  245 

NVw  X.  . \rner.  species,  56,  85,  87, 

124,  125,  127,  128,   154,  193,  199, 

232rt,   234,   260,   293,   297,  323,    328. 

New  localities  for  H 246 

Nomadapennigev*  ....  235 
Northward  range  of  southern 

species 224 

Parasites  of  Mononychus     .     .  287 
festi\  ....  328 

!nt cola* 328 

Pezinnaclins  and   /fcniiffles, 

Iilt-iitiiy  of nS,   146 

I'lwtap.^i^  \-  nocturnal      .     .     .   286 
"          /t-rri/iis"'      ....   200 
YITSUS  Brachycistus    296 
Sphesropthalmus  dugesii*    .     .  294 
lictcrochroa"'    293 
294 
297 
199 
199 

CONTRIBUTORS  TO  VOL  V. 
Aaron,  S.  F. 1 1  <> 

Aich,  II. 147,   148 

Ami  >!<],  Sir.  !•!., 237 


Baker,  C.  F., 
Banks,  N.,      . 
Bischoff,  E.  A., 
Blaisdell,  F.  E., 
Boerner,  C.  R., 


163 

8,  178,   213,  298 
.     .     .     115,  n8 

17 

175 

Brendel,  E., 158,   194 

Calvert,  P.  P., 9,   242 

Casad,  MissJ.  E. 293 

Casey,  T.  L .  205 

Cockerel!,  T.  D.  A.,  43,  59,  79,  I25, 
157,  173.  J99,   203,  210,   234,   263, 
282,  287,  293,  328 
Coquillett,  D.  W.,  .     .     .    125,  172 

Daggett,  F.  S., 216 

Davidson,  A., 170 

Davis,  J., 1 08 

Denton,  S.  W., 41 

Dyar,  H.  G.,      25,  60,  198,  225,  329 

Ehrmann,  G.  A., 212 

Fall,  H.  C 97 

Fernald,  C.   H.,      .       104,  129,   138 

Fischer,  E.  R., 114 

Fox,  W.  J.,  24,  86,  126,  201,  296,  297 

Hamilton,  J., 288 

Harvey,  F.  L., 324 

Heilprin 301 

Holland,  W.   J.,  26.  39,  57,  89 

Hopping,  R., 116 

Horn,  G.  H.,  6,  14,  40,  141,  146,  224 

Hulst,  G.  D 65,  279,  302 

Kellicott,  D.  S., 314 

Kellogg,  V.  L 283 

Kingsley,  J.  S., 315 

Klages,  E.  A., 198 

Kiin/i-,  R.  E.,     ....     265,  316 

Laurent,  P., 146,   H7 

Lembert,  J.  B., 120 

Marlatt,  C.  L 255 

McDade,  ].  E 47 

Menzel,  L.  W., 96 

M.  rkrl,  A 254 

Moon-,  I.  F.,  |r., 77 

Moore,  W., 18 

Nason,  \V.  A 245,  246 

Neumoegen,  r> 32(1,  330 


new  Ninth   American  species. 


INDEX. 


Osten  Sacken,  C.  R.,     .     .     .     48 

Ottolengui,  R 3:4 

Packard,  A.  S., 119 

Patton,  VV.  H. 119,  224 

Pilate,  G.  R., 120 

Riley,  C.  V.,       ....    185,   186 

Rowley,  R.  R., 176 

Schaus,  W., 17 

Sharp,  F., 307 

Skinner,  H.,  .     .     .     .no,  180,332 

Slingerland,  M.  V 17 

Slosson,  Mrs.  A.  T.,    .     i,  198,  271 
Smith,   J.   B.,  15,  44,  73,  116,  143, 

182,  218,, 220,  240,  249,  283,  311 
Snyder,  A.  J.,     .    133    164,  277,  309 


Taylor,  C.  B., 101 

Townsend,  C.  H.  T.,       .     .     .103 

Tutt,  J.  W., 2oS 

Van  Duzee,  E.  P.,  .     .     .    108,   155 
Wadsworth,  Miss  M.,      .     .     .132 

Walton,  L.  B., [3 

Webster  F.  M.,  78,  140,  146,  147,  275 

Wenzel,  H.  W., 40 

Westcott,  O.  S., 71 

White,  H.  G. 174,  287 

Wickham,   H.  F.,  33,  78,   117,  260 

Wiley,  C.  A 36 

Williston,  S.  W.,    48,  136,  186,  196 
Wood,  W.  C.,    .  18 


KNT.  NEWS,  Vol.  IV. 


PI.  XIV. 


DR.  H.  A.  HAGEN. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OE  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.  v.  JANUARY,   1894.  No.  i. 


CONTENTS: 


Slosson — List  of  insects  taken  in  alpine 

region  of  Mt.  Washington i 

Horn — A  note  on  Cryptohypnus 6 


Editorial 14 

Economic  Entomology 15 

Notes  and  News 17 


Banks — Notes  on  Larinia  and  Cercidia  S    \    Entomological  Literature 21 

Caivert — On  the  specific  identity  of  AL.  Entomological  Section 24 

clepsydra  and  crenata 9        Dyar — A  new  Hepialus  from  Cala 25 

Walton — Oxy.  rufipennis  and  stygicus..  13    :     Holland — African  Hesperiidse 26 

9 __ 

LIST  OF  INSECTS  TAKEN  IN   ALPINE  REGION   OF 
MT.  WASHINGTON. 

By  ANNIE  TRUMBULL  SLOSSON. 

In  1874,  Mr.  E.  P.  Austin  (Proc.  Bost.  S.oc.  Nat.  Hist.  vol. 
xvi,  p.  265)  published  his  "  Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Mt. 
Washington,  N.  H.,  with  descriptions  of  new  species  by  }.  L. 
LeConte,  M.D." 

In  1877,  Mr.  F.  Gardiner,  Jr.,  published  in  "Psyche"  (vol. 
ii,  p.  211)  a  list  of  additional  species  taken  by  himself  and  Mr. 
W.  Schaus,  Jr.,  in  July,  1877.  In  neither  of  these  catalogues 
do  the  authors  limit  themselves  strictly  to  insects  collected  in  the 
alpine  region  proper,  though  in  the  latter  list  nearly  all  were 
taken  there. 

Mr.  Austin's  camp  was  situated  ''a  short  distance  below  the 
Half-way  House,"  about  3900  feet  altitude,  and  nearly  all  of  his 
collecting  was  done  near  that  place.  He  includes,  also,  he  says, 
Coleoptera  taken  by  Mr.  S.  H.  Scudder  "near  the  foot  of  the 
mountain,"  others  gathered  by  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  locality  not 
given,  and  some  from  a  list  of  general  White  Mountain  sprcies 
by  Mr.  G.  D.  Smith,  as  far  as  I  can  discover  comparatively  !«-w 
of  the  insects  named  in  this  catalogue  were  taken  on  the  summit 


2  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [January, 

or  above  what  is  called  the  alpine  line,  4000  feet  above  sea-level. 

In  the  list  of  Messrs.  Gardiner  and  Schaus  the  localities  are 
carefully  designated.  Out  of  its  114  species  not  contained  in 
Austin's  list,  all  but  a  half  dozen  or  so  seem  to  have  been  taken 
above  the  alpine  limit.  I  know  of  no  lists  in  orders  other  than 
Coleoptera  ever  published. 

In  July  and  August,  of  1893,  as  mentioned  in  a  previous  paper 
(ENT.  NEWS,  vol.uii,  p.  249),  I  spent  several  days  on  Mt.  Wash- 
ington and  collected  many  species.  I  herewith  append  a  com- 
plete list  of  such,  and  add  also  a  few  taken  in  previous  visits. 
These  last  are  marked  with  an  asterisk.  Every  insect  here  men- 
tioned was  taken  at  or  above  5500  feet  altitude,  and  much  the 
greater  part  of  them  on  the  summit,  or  cone  itself,  about  6300  feet. 
Among  the  Coleoptera  there  are  fifty  species  not  included  in 
either  Austin's  or  Gardiner's  lists,  and  in  other  orders  there  are 
at  least  five  entirely  new  species,  and  probably  more.  Let  me 
again  repeat  here  my  grateful  acknowledgement  of  assistance 
rendered  me  in  the  identification  of  insects  by  Messrs.  Liebeck, 
Fox,  Davis,  Van  Duzee,  Calvert  and  others,  without  whose  aid 
I  could  not  have  prepared  this  list. 

COLEOPTERA.  Amara  hyperborea  Dej. 

latior  Kirbv. 

*  Platynus  cupripennis  Say. 

Cicindela  longilabris?  Say.  Agonoderus  pallipes  Fab. 

Carabidae.  Harpalus  pleuriticus  Kirby. 

Stenolophus  conjunctus  Say. 
Carabus  chamissoms  risen. 

*  Calosoma  frigidum  Kirby.  Dytiscidae. 

Elaphrus  fuliginosus  Say.  Laccophilus  maculosus  Germ. 

Nebria  suturalis  Lee.  Bidessus  affinis  Say. 

sahlbergi  Fisch.  Hydroporus  sp.  ? 

Bembidium  pictum  Lee.  Agabus  confinis  ? 

Patrobus  rugicollis  Rand.  Rhantus  binotatus  Hart: 
Trechus  chalybeus  Mann. 
Pterostichus  adoxus  Say.  Hydrophilidse. 

coracinus  Nezvm.  Helophorus  linearis  Lee.  ? 

lucublandus  Say.  Hydrophilus  mixtus  Lee. 

vitreus  Dej.  Berosus  striatus  Say. 

tnandibularis  Kirby.          Cymbiodyta  fimbriatus  Melsh. 

vindicatus  Mann.  Creniphilus  subciipreus  Sav. 

hudsonicus  Lee. 
Amara  arenaria  Lee.  Silphidae. 

similis  Kirby.  Silpha  surinamensis  Fab. 


i894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 


Staphylinidae. 

Quedius  sp.  ? 

Philonthus  palliatus  Grav.  ? 

debilis  Grav. 

Xantholinus  hamatus  Say. 
Stenus  sp.  ? 
Acidota  crenata  Fab. 

Ooccinellidae. 

Coccinella  trifasciata  Linn. 

transverso-guttata  Fab. 
Harmonia  similis  Rand. 

picta  Rand. 

1 2-maculata  Geb 
Psyllobora  2o-maculata  Say. 
Brachyacantha  ursina  Fab. 

Byrrhidae. 

Simplocaria  metallica  Sturm. 
Cytilus  trivittatus  Melsh. 
Byrrhus  cyclophorus  Kirby? 
geminatus  Lee. 

Elateridae. 

Cryptohypnus  sanborni  Horn. 
abbrevi'atus  Say. 
restrictus  Mann. 
Elater  socer  Lee. 

"      semicinctus  Rand. 
"      nigricans  Germ.  ? 
"      rubricus  Say. 
"      apicatus  Say. 
Agriotes  limosus  Lee. 
Limonius  sp.  ? 

Campylus  denticornis  Kirby. 
Paranomus  costal  is  Payk. 
pictus  Cand. 
Corymbites  virens  Schr. 

resplendens  Esch. 
spinosus  Lee. 
medianus  Germ. 
triundulatus  Rand. 
propola  Lcc. 
hieroglyphicus  Say. 
cruciatus  Linn. 
*  Asaphes  decoloratus  Say. 


Buprestidae. 

*  Buprestis  maculiventris  Say. 
Melanophila  longipes  Say. 

drummondi  Kirby. 
fulvoguttata  Harr. 
Chrysobothris  trinervia  Kirby. 

scabripennis  L.&G. 

Lampyridae. 

Csenia  dimidiata  Fab. 
Eros  aurora  Hbst. 
Lucidota  atra  Fab. 
Ellychnia  corrusca  Linn. 
Pyropyga  decipiens  Harr. 
Podabrus  diadema  Fab. 
Telephorus  carolinus  Fab. 

rotundicollis  Say. 

Cleridae. 

Thanasimus  undulatus  Say. 

Ptinidae. 

Ptilinus  ruficornis  Say. 

Scarabseidae. 

*  Aphodius  fimetarius  Linn. 

granarius  Linn. 
prodromus  Brahm. 
Allorhina  nitida  Linn. 

*  Euphoria  fulgida  Fab. 

Cerambycidae. 

Asemum  moestum  Hald. 
Tetropium  cinnamopteruni  Kirby. 
Kliagium  lineatum  Oliv. 

*  Rhopalopus  sanguinicollis  Horn. 
Pachyta  monticola  Rand. 
Anthophilax  attenuatus  Hald. 
Acnueops  bivittata  .S'cr. 

proteus  A7;/<r. 
Leptura  6  marulata  Linn. 
"         canadcnsis  Fab. 
proxitna  Say. 
pubera  .S(/r. 
ruficollis  Say. 
mutabilis  A«TI';//. 
MiiiiolianiiiHis  scutellatus  Stir. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[January, 


Pogonocherus  penicellatus  Lee. 

Chrysomelid*. 

*  Donacia  emarginata  Kirby. 
Orsodachna  children!  Kirby. 

"  tibialis  Kirby. 

Adoxus  vitis  Linn. 
Doryphora  lo-lineata  Say. 
Chrysomela  elegans  Oliv. 
Gonioctena  pallida  Linn. 

*  Luperus  varipes  Lee. 

cyanellus  Lee. 

meraca  Say. 

*Trirhabda  canadensis  Kirby. 
Galerucella  cavicollis  Lee. 
decora  Say. 

Tenebrionidae. 

*  Iphthimus  opacus  Lee. 
*Upis  ceramboides  Linn. 

Cistellidae. 

Isomira  4-striata  Coup. 

Melandryidse. 
Scotodes  americanus  Horn. 

Pylhidae. 

Crymodes  discicollis  Lee. 

Cephaloidae. 

Cephaloon  lepturides  Neivm. 

Authicidae. 

*Corphyra  lugubris  Say. 

Pyrochroidae. 

Schizotus  cervicalis  Newtn. 

Gurculionidae. 

Lepyrus  colon  Linn. 
Balaninus  uniformis  Lee. 

Scolytidae. 
Polygraphus  rufipeunis  Kirby. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Teiithredinidae. 

Pristiphorus  identidem  Nort. 
Strongylogaster  annulosus  ?  Nort. 
(a  var.  ?) 


Dolerus  arvensis  Say. 

*  Macrophya  epinota  Say. 

fuliginea  Nort. 
Tenth  redo  rufipes  Say. 
eximia  Nort. 
signata  Nort. 

Uroceridae. 

Xiphydria  provancheri  Cr. 

Icliueumonidae. 

Ichneumon  sublatus  Cr. 

leviculus  Cr. 

vv-album  Cr.  sp.  ? 

approximans  (?)  Prov. 
Platylabus  scutellatus  Prov. 

''  signatus  Prov. 

Phygadeuon  sp.  ? 
Cryptus  annulatus  Prov. 
Mesostenus  albomaculatus  Cr. 
Ophion  bifoveolatum  Bridle. 
Anomalon  rufulum  Prov. 
Xenoschesis  alpinensis  Davis  ms. 

*  Opheltes  glaucopterus  Linn. 
Mesoleius  canadensis  Prov. 

bicolor  Davis  ms. 

*  Arotes  amoenus  Cr. 

decorns  Say. 
Pimpla  inquisitor  Say. 

pedal  is  Cr. 

Schizopyga  frigida  Cr. 
Meniscus  elegans  Cr. 
var. 
Xylonomus  stigmapterus*6oj/. 

Braconidae. 

Bracon  simplex  Cr. 

Rhogas  sp.  ? 

Helcon  dentipes  Brulle. 

Chrysididae. 

Elampus  sp.  ? 

*  Chrysis  nortoni  Aaron. 

Formicidae. 

*Camponotus  herculaneus  Linn. 
Formica  sp.  ? 


1 894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


Lasius  sp.  ? 
Myrmica  sp.  ? 

Apidae. 

Bombus  pennsylvanicus  DeG. 
*Apis  mellifica  Linn. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Rhopalocera. 

*  Danais  archippus  Fab. 
Argynnis  atlantis  Ewd. 

myrina  Cram. 
montinus  Scud. 
bellona  Fab. 

*  Melitaea  harrisii  Scud. 
Grapta  faunus  Edw. 

gracilis  G.  &  R. 
Vanessa  antiopa  Linn. 
milbertii  Gdt. 

*  Limenitis  arthemis  Dm. 

disippus  Gdt. 
Chionobas  semidea  Say. 
Pieris  napi  Esp. 

"      rapa?  Linn. 
Colias  philodice  Gdt. 

*  Papilio  turnus  Linn. 

*  Pamphila  hobomok  Harr. 

peckius  Kirby. 
cernes  Edw. 
Nisoniades  icelus  Lint. 

Heterocera. 

Albuna  torva  Hy.  Edw. 
Aegeria  fulvipes  Harr. 

*  Alypia  langtonii  Coup. 
CEdemasia  nmrinna  l\ick. 
Platypteryx  arcuata  Walk. 
Agrotis  prasina. 

sp.  ? 

*  Pachnobia  \vockri  Moesch. 

*  Carneades  opipara  Morr. 
Plusia  vaccinii  7/r.  J'.dw. 

"      simplex  (,'ncn. 
Anarta  melanopa  Tluinh. 

"       schoenherri  '/.ctt. 
Lobophora  sp.  ? 

*  Carsia  paludata  Tliunb. 


Eupithecia  cretaceata  Pack. 
Laodamia  fusca  //<;;.•. 
Caccecia  georgiana  (irl. 
Ptycholoma  melaleucana  Walk. 
Sciaphila  mceschleriana  Wockt-. 
Penthina  intermistana  Clan. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Heteroptera. 

Corimeleena  atra  Am.  &  S. 

*  Canthophorus  cinctus  Pal.  Itcatir. 
Podisus  spinosus  Da/las. 

"       modestus  Dal/as. 
Brochymena  arborea  Say. 
Acanthosoma  lateralis  Say. 
Ligyrocoris  sylvestris  Linn. 
Eremocoris  ferus  Say. 
Trigonotylus  ruficornis  Fall. 
Leptopterna  dolobrata  Linn. 
Resthenia  insignis  Say. 
insitiva  Say. 
Lopidea  confluens  Say. 

*  Calocoris  rapidus  Say. 
Capsus  ater  Linn. 
Monaloccris  filicis  Linn. 
*Capsid  gen.  ?  sp.  ? 

(  <  U  ( ( 

Aradus  4-hneatus  ?  Say. 
Coriscus  punctipes  Kent. 
Limnoporus  rufoscutellatus  Lai. 
*Salda  deplanata  t'lil. 
"       sp.  ? 

Homoptera. 

*  Ceresa  bubulus  Fab. 

Cyrtolopus  sp.  ? 
<  tphiderma  salamandra  /-'aim. 
Delphacid  gen.  ?  sp.  ? 
Pliila-nus  liiu-atus  Linn. 

*  Bythoscopus  sobrius  M'alk. 

pruni  /'/•<';•. 

Onconu-tnpia  costalis  /• 
Hi-1- tchara  (•dininuni^  l-'Hch. 
1  ifltoccplialiis  coiiriguratiH  /'///. 
Cicadula  6-notata  /•'(///. 

slossoiii  /  \inD. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[January, 


DIPTERA. 

Bibio  sp.  ? 

*  Chironomus  sp.  ? 
Dicronomyia  pudica  O.  S. 
Tipula  sp.  ? 
Xylophagus  rufipes  Loew. 

sp.  ? 

Therioplectes  lasiophthalmus  Macq. 
Dioctria  albius  Walk. 
Cyrtopogon  bimacula  Say. 
Holcocephala  abdominalis  Say. 
Dasyllis  flavicollis  Say. 
Symphromyia  pullata  Cog. 

*  Laphria  pubescens  Willist. 

sericea  Say. 

*  Melanostoma  obscura  O.  S. 
*Syrphus  contumax  O.  S. 

torvus  O.  S. 
lesueurii  Macq. 
Eristalis  compactus  Walk. 
dimidiatus  Wied. 
tenax  Linn., 

Also  many  species  of  Tachinidae 
and  Muscidse  not  identified. 

*  Xylota  curvipes  Loew. 
Temnostoma  bombylans  Fab. 

alternans  Loew. 
Homalomyia  sp.  ? 


Cordylura  sp.  ? 

Scatophaga  stercoraria  Linn. 

*Tetanocera  plumosa  Loew. 

saratogensis  Fitch. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

*  Pezotettix  glacialis  Scud. 
Melanoplus  femur-rubrum  DeC. 
Chortophagus  viridifasciata  DeG. 
Hippiscus  tuberculatus  P.  deB. 
Tettix  granulatus  Kirby. 

"      ornatus  Say. 
Tettigidea  polymorpha  Sunn. 
Periplaneta  americana  Fab. 

NEUROPTERA. 

Nehalennia  irene  Hag'. 
Chrysopa  oculata  Say. 

Several    Phryganidae,    etc., 
identified. 


un- 


Clubiona canadensis  Em. 
Pardosa  brunnea  Em. 

PHALANGID^. 

Oligolophus  montanus  Bks.  tns. 

ACARIN^. 
Rhyncolophus  montanus  Bks.  n.  sp. 


-o- 


A  NOTE  ON  CRYPTOHYPNUS. 

By  GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D. 

In  a  recent  number  of  "  Entomologische  Nachrichten"  (1893, 
pp.  305-311)  Mr.  E.  Bergroth  publishes  some  remarks  on  the 
Cat.  Col.  Eur.  by  E.  Reitter,  which  have  but  little  interest  for 
our  fauna  until  Cryptohypnus  is  reached,  concerning  which  he 
says:  "The  genus  Crytohypnus  Latr.  is  still  confounded  with 
Hypnoidus  Steph.  They  are,  however,  two  distinct  genera  stand- 
ing well  apart,  as  Schioedte  has  shown,  denning  them  in  the  fol- 
lowing manner: 

Cryptohypnus. — Epimera  of  mesothorax   reaching  the  coxa, 


i894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


the  outer   closure  of  the   coxal  cavity  formed  of  mesosternum, 
mes-epimeron  and  metasternum. 

Hypnoidus. — Epimera  of  mesothorax  not  reaching  the  coxa, 
the  cavity  closed  externally  by  the  meso-  and  metathorax. 

Schioedte's  work  was  entirely  overlooked  by  me,  and  the  char- 
acters above  noted  were  equally  unobserved.  As  the  genera 
formed,  at  the  expense  of  Cryptohypnus,  seemed  untenable,  I 
ventured  the  remark  that,  "if  any  division  of  Cryptohypnus  be 
thought  necessary,  that  based  on  the  form  of  the  prosternal  sutures 
appears  to  be  the  only  one  desirable."  The  genus  Hypnoidus,  as 
defined,  is  really  due  to  Schioedte,  as  without  his  definition  it  is 
as  untenable  as  several  others  which  are  not  now  recognized  as 
valid. 

As  thus  defined,  our  species  arrange  themselves  in  the  follow- 
ing manner: 


Cryptohypnus  Latr.. 
littoralis  Esch. 
grandicollis  Lee. 
hyperboreus  Gyll. 
barbatus  Sahib. 
abbreviatus  Say. 
impressicollis  Mann. 
nocturnus  Esch. 
squalidus  Lee. 
funebris  Cand. 
planatus  Lee. 


HypnoidllS  Steph.  (Schioedte). 

striatulus  Lee. 
delumbis  Horn. 
charis  Say. 
ornatus  Lee. 
cucullatus  Horn. 
melsheimeri  Horn. 
caurinus  Horn. 
dispersus  Horn. 
gradarius  Horn. 
tumescens  Lee. 
musculus  Esch. 
dubius  Horn. 
gentilis  Lee. 
sestivus  Horn. 
perplex  us  Horn. 
restrictulus  Mann. 
obliquatulus  Mels. 
pectoralis  Say. 

On  comparing  the  above  list  with  my  essay  on  Cryptohypnus^ 
it  will  be  observed  that  our  species  divide  into  the  two  genera  on 
precisely  the  lines  indicated  by  me,  based  on  the  form  of  the 
prosternal  sutures. 


8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

NQTES  ON  LARINIA  AND  CERCIDIA. 

By  NATHAN  BANKS. 

The  genus  Larinia  was  established  by  Simon  in  1874,  for  two 
spiders'  from  France.  The  genus  is  readily  distinguished  from 
its  ally,  Singa,  by  having  the  p.  m.  e.  nearly  touching,  and  the 
larger  a.  s.  e.  quite  widely  separated.  The  body  is  elongate,  and 
the  abdomen  projects  over  the  cephalothorax  in  a  blunt  point. 
Epeira  directa  Hentz  agrees  with  the  characters  of  Larinia,  and 
so  must  belong  to  it.  In  the  Proc.  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila.,  1892, 
p.  127,  Dr.  McCook  forms,  for  E.  directa,  the  new  genus  Drex- 
elia;  but  as  the  type  species  belongs  to  Larinia,  Drexelia  be- 
comes a  synonym.  I  have  seen  another  species  of  this  genus 
which  may  be  separated  from  L.  directa  by  the  following  char- 
acters : 

Metatarsus  I  longer  than  tibia  I  and  twice  as  long  as  the  width  of  body, 
sternum  yellow L.  directa. 

Metatarsus  I  not  longer  than  tibia  I  and  not  longer  than  width  of  body, 
sternum  black L.  borealis. 

Larinia  borealis  nov.  sp. 

Length  6  mm.;  tibia  plus  patella  I  2.5  mm.  Cephalothorax  pale  yel- 
lowish, with  a  black  line  on  the  margin  and  a  black  line,  bifid  near  an- 
terior end,  reaching  from  the  dorsal  groove  to  the  p.  m.  e.  Mandibles, 
palpi  and  legs  pale  yellowish;  sternum  black,  with  a  narrow  median  yel- 
low line.  Abdomen  gray,  with  black  spots  on  the  sides,  above  with  a 
pale  median  stripe,  and  a  row  of  four  black  spots  on  each  side  near  tip; 
venter  with  three  narrow  black  stripes,  uniting  at  base  of  spinnerets.  Ce- 
phalothorax much  narrowed  in  front,  but  not  as  slender  as  in  L.  directa; 
sternum  barely  narrowed  in  front;  legs  moderate,  much  shorter  than  in 
L.  directa,  especially  the  anterior  pairs;  abdomen  about  twice  as  long  as 
wide,  pointed  in  front,  broadly  rounded  behind. 

I  have  six  specimens  of  this  species,  four  from  Olympia,  Wash. 
(Mr.  Trevor  Kincaid),  and  two  from  Franconia,  N.  H.  (Mrs.  A. 
T.  Slosson). 

Larinia  directa  Hentz. 

Epeira  directa  Hentz  and  Epeira  rubella  Hentz. 

Drexelia  directa  McCook. 

Length  10  mm.;  .tibia  plus  patella  I  55  mm.  This  is  a  much  more 
slender  species  than  L.  borealis,  the  abdomen  three  times  as  long  as 
broad,  and  the  legs  much  longer.  The  abdomen  varies  much  in  mark- 
ing's, usually  having  a  yellowish  stripe  above,  and  some  black  spots  or 
lines  each  side;  the  venter  has  two  brown  lines  uniting  just  before  the 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  9 

spinnerets;  the  sternum  is  yellow;  the  legs  are  sometimes  finely  pointed 
with  black.  The  abdomen  projects  beyond  the  spinnerets  farther  than  in 
L.  borealis. 

I  have  collected  it  in  eastern  Texas,  where  it  makes  an  oblique 
web  in  grass.  Hentz  had  it  from  South  Carolina  and  Alabama. 

Cercidia  Thorell,  1870. 

This  genus  is  also  close  to  Singa,  but  differs  in  having  the 
fourth  pair  of  legs  longer  than  the  first.  The  abdomen  is 
pointed  in  front  like  that  of  Larinia.  One  species  is  known  in 
Europe,  and  I  have  received  it  in  a  collection  of  spiders  from 
Franconia,  N.  H.,  made  by  Mrs.  A.  T.  Slosson. 

Cercidia  prominens  Westring. 

Singa  scutigcra  Westr. 

Epeira  be/la  Mead. 

Ate  a  spinosa  Ohl. 

Lengths  mm.  Cephalothorax  red;  mandibles  red  with  a  black  spot; 
sternum  black;  legs  yellowish  with  brown  rings;  abdomen  brownish 
above,  with  a  large  reddish  shield  nearly  covering  the  dorsum,  an  indis- 
tinct light  stripe  and  behind  some  transverse  black  lines;  venter  with  a 
median  black  stripe  as  wide  as  sternum,  yellowish  each  side;  there  are 
five  short  black  spines  in  front  on  the  dorsal  shield,  and  four  prominent 
muscular  spots  above.  The  cephalothorax  has  above  on  the  median  line 
two  prominent  spines.  The  epigynum  consists  of  a  short  and  broad 
finger  arising  from  the  anterior  edge  of  a  cavity  which  is  much  broader 
than  long. 

One  female,  Franconia,  N.  H. 


ON  THE  SPECIFIC  IDENTITY  OF  /ESCHNA  CLEPSYDRA  Say 

and  /E.  CRENATA  Hagen  (eremita  ScudderJ. 
By  PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

In  my  recent  "Catalogue  of  the  Odonata  (Dragonflies)  of  the 
vicinity  of  Philadelphia,    with   an    Introduction   to  the   Study  of 
this  group  of  Insects"  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  pp.   \^2a-2~2, 
1893),  I  have  placed  /Eschna  crenata  Hagen   1856,  and  .-/-.'. 
mita  Scudder   1866,  as  synonyms  of  clepsydra  Say  i.\V),  pro 
ising  in  a  foot-note  (p.   248)  to  present  the  evidence  for  thi> 
tion  later.      This  paper  is  a  fulfilment  of  that  promise. 

The  specific  identity  of  crenata   and  cronita   has  been   known 
since  1875,  and  needs  no  discussion  hrp-. 

Having  suspected  that  clepsydra  and  eremita  we  iv  but   two  ex 


io  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

treme  forms  of  one  and  the  same  species,  I  sent  a  specimen  of 
what  I  presumed  to  be  clepsydra  to  Mr.  Samuel  Henshaw,  with 
the  request  that  he  compare  'it  with  specimens  at  Boston  and 
Cambridge.  His  reply,  dated  Cambridge,  July  7,  1893,  is  as 
follows:  "  Your  '  presumed  clepsydra  agrees  in  every  point  you 
mention  with  the  clepsydra  in  the  M.  C.  Z.  [Museum  of  Com- 
parative Zoology]  collection,  and  also  with  the  Say  type  in  B. 
S.  N.  H.  [Boston  Society  of  Natural  History]  Harris  collection, 
as  far  as  it  can  be  compared  with  it.  In  the  Say  specimen,  one 
of  the  sup.  app.  is  wholly  destroyed,  and  also  the  apical  portion 
of  the  other;  the  inf.  app.,  clypeus,  and  comparative  robustness 
of  the  Say  specimen  agree  with  your  '  presumed  clepsydra'  rather 
than  with  eremita." 

I  possess  one  of  the  original  1  types  of  eremita  Scud.,  given 
to  me  by  Dr.  Hagen.  The  following  table  shows  the  differences 
which  I  find  between  this  type  and  a  male  "  presumed  clepsydra" 
almost  exactly  like  the  one  sent  to  Mr.  Henshaw.  With  the  ex- 
ception of  number  2,  these  are  the  "points  you  mention"  re- 
ferred to  in  Mr.  Henshaw'  s  letter: 


s£.  eremita  Scud.  $  type.  Presumed  JE.  clepsydra  Say  $. 

1.  More  robust  in  form,  e.g.,  great-      i.  Less  robust,  e.  g.,  greatest  width 

est  width  of  thorax  8  mm.  of  thorax  6.5  mm. 

2.  A  black  line  on  the  suture  be-      2.  No  such  black  line. 

tween  nasus  and  frons. 

3.  Clypeus  broad  (5  mm.)  in  pro-      3-    Clypeus   narrower   (3   mm.)   in 

portion  to  its  height  (3  mm.)  proportion   to   its    height   (2.6 

mm). 

4.  Auricles  on   second  abdominal      4    Tne  same  Wlth   four  teeth,  the 

segment    with    five   teeth,    the  outer  one  very  small. 

outer  two  smaller. 

5.  Median   basal   tooth   of  io   not      5-   Compressed,  sharp  at  tip  when 

compressed,  blunt  at  tip  when  viewed  from  behind. 

viewed  from  behind.  6    Sup   app    abruptly  narrowed  in 

6.  Sup.  app.  not  abruptly  narrowed  the  basal  third;  extreme  apex 

in  the  basal  third;  extreme  apex  prolonged  into  a  distinct,  acute 

barely  with  an  acute  point.  process. 

7.  Inf.  app.  one-half  as  long  as  sup.       ?'   Inf.  app.  more  than  half  as  long 

aDD  as  sup.  app.  and  more  acute  at 

tip. 

None  of  these  differences  are  constant,  and  they  vary  indepen- 
dently of  each  other.  I  can  find  no  characters  that  are  invariable, 
and  consequently  regard  the  two  specimens  here  tabulated  as 
two  extremes  of  one  and  the  same  species. 

These  conclusions  are  based  on  a  study  of  forty  males  from 
the  following  localities:  An  original  type  of  eremita  .Scud,  from 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  II 

Hermit  Lake,  Mt.  Washington,  N.  H.;  twenty-two  from  the 
same  locality  collected  Aug.  2,  1890,  and  two  from  near  Fabyan's, 
White  Mountains,  N.  H.,  Aug.  22,  1889,  by  myself;  eight  from 
Lake  St.  Regis,  Franklin  County,  N.  Y.,  by  Mr.  J.  Percy  Moore; 
two  from  Pictou,  Nova  Scotia,  by  Mr.  W.  Sheraton;  two  from 
Sherborn,  Mass.,  by  Mr.  A.  L.  Babcock;  two  from  the  Catskill 
Mountains,  N.  Y.,  August  28,  by  Mr.  E.  M.  Aaron  (A.  E.  S.); 
one  from  St.  Johns,  Newfoundland,  by  the  Peary  Relief  Expedi- 
tion (Phila.  A.  N.  S.).  I  have  not  been  able  to  separate  the 
females  of  this  species  from  those  of  sE.  ^wzs/rzc/a,  zrr/zVa/w,  etc. 
In  view  of  the  existence  of  Dr.  Scudder's  careful  and  detailed 
description  of  eremita,  it  will  be  necessary  here  to  note  merely 
those  variations  from  his  description  and  from  Dr.  Hagen's  de- 
scription  of  clepsydra  (Syn.  Neur.  N.  A.,  p.  122,  1 86 1)  which 
are  revealed  by  a  study  of  the  above  material. 

The  black  line  on  the  fronto-nasal  suture  is  present  in  all  the  males  (23) 
from  Hermit  Lake,  in  the  one  from  Newfoundland,  in  one  from  the  Cats- 
kills,  and  in  one  from  Lake  St.  Regis,  but  absent  in  the  remaining  four- 
teen.* 

The  single  male  from  Lake  St.  Regis  which  possesses  this  black  line 
approaches  the  males  from  Hermit  Lake  in  the  shape  of  the  sup.  app. 
more  closely  than  do  any  of  the  other  seven  from  Lake  St.  Regis  which 
have  not  this  black  line.  Nevertheless,  the  transitions  in  shape  of  the 
sup.  app.  between  all  eight  from  Lake  St.  Regis  are  very  gradual. 

The  number  of  teeth  on  the  auricles  varies  as  follows  :  3-6  (Hermit 
Lake),  3-4  (Lake  St.  Regis),  3-4  (Catskills),  2-4  (Sherborn),  3  (Newfound- 
land, Fabyan's);  their  number  is  frequently  different  on  the  right  and  left 
auricles  of  the  same  individual. 

The  blue  spots  on  the  tenth  abdominal  segment  are  confluent  in  three 
males  from  Lake  St.  Regis,  not  confluent  in  the  remaining  thirty-seven. 

The  shape  of  the  superior  appendages  is  the  most  important  structural 
character  involved  in  this  discussion.  The  variation  is  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying series  of  seven  figures. 


Dorsal  view  of  apex  of  right  superior  appendage  of  a  series  of  males  of  jEschna 
sydra  Say,  from  various  localities.     (Enlarged.) 

i.  Lake  St.  Regis:  2.  Kabyan's,  N.  H.;  3.  Lake  St.  Regis;  4.  Pictou,  N.  S.;  5.  Lake  St. 
Regis;  6,  7,  Hermit  Lake;  6  is  from  the  original  type  of  er.-iuit  i  Scud.,  quoted  in  the  text. 
Some  of  the  denticulations  on  the  caritia  are  shown  by  minute  circles. 

*  Dr.  Hagen  writes  of  ,-E.  eremi:[ic\a,  "The  black  anterior  line  mi  the  front  is  some- 
times wanting."  1'roc.  Bost.  Soc.  N.  II.  xviii,  p.  34. 


12  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

The  shape  of  the  superior  appendages  in  the  males  from  Hermit  Lake 
varies  but  slightly  (Figs.  6  and  7),  while  the  maximum  variation  is  shown 
by  those  from  Lake  St.  Regis  (Figs,  i,  3,  5).  Those  from  Fabyan's, 
Pictou,  Sherborn  and  the  Catskills  incline  towards  the  typical  clepsydra 
in  this  detail,  the  one  from  Newfoundland  to  the  typical  erernita. 

The  number  of  denticulations  on  the  carina  of  the  superior  appendages 
varies  from  4-9  (Hermit  Lake),  4-8  (Fabyan's),  4-7  (Lake  St.  Regis), 
5-7  (Catskills),  8  (Newfoundland),  and  is  not  always  the  same  on  the  right 
and  left  appendages  of  the  same  individuals.  In  the  two  males  from 
Sherborn  the  denticulations  are  so  slight  as  to  suggest  that  transitional 
forms  may  hereafter  be  found  connecting  this  species  with  ^L.  verticalis 
Hag.,  which  itself  is  but  a  variety  of  the  circumpolar  jnncea  L.  (See 
Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  248.) 

The  following  measurements  show  the  variations  in  size  in  millimeters: 
Abdomen  (including  appendages),  54-57.5  (Hermit  Lake),  51-57.5  (Lake 
St.  Regis),  52-53.5  (Fabyan's),  52  (Pictou),  52-56  (Sherborn),  54  (Cats- 
kills),  57.5  (Newfoundland).  Hind  wing:  43-47  (Hermit  Lake),  44-45 
(Lake  St.  Regis),  43-44.5  (Fabyan's),  42  (Pictou),  45-50  (Sherborn),  47 
{Catskills),  49.5  (Newfoundland).  Number  of  antecubitals  on  front 
wings:  16-21  (Hermit  Lake),  19-23  (Lake  St.  Regis),  18-20  (Fabyan's), 
16  (Pictou),  16-22  (Sherborn),  17-19  (Catskills),  17-18  (Newfoundland);  of 
postcubitals  on  the  front  wings:  12-18  (Hermit.  Lake),  13-14  (Lake  St. 
Regis),  11-13  (Fabyan's),  10-11  (Pictou),  10-14  (Sherborn),  12-13  (Cats- 
kills),  14  (Newfoundland). 

On  the  front  wings,  the  antecubitals  which  are  thicker  than  their  fellows 
are: 

ist  and  5th  —  3  Lake  St.  Regis,  i  Sherborn,  2  Catskills. 
ist    "    6th  —  2  Hermit  Lake,  i  Lake  St.  Regis,  i  Fabyan's. 
ist    "    5th  on  one  side,  ist  and  6th  on  other  —  2  Pictou,  i  Fabyan's. 
"    „(-!,       f  T3  Hermit  Lake,  i  Sherborn,  3  Lake  St.  Regis. 


\  i  Newfoundland. 
ist         5th  on  one  side,  ist  and  7th  on  other  —  i  Hermit  Lake. 
x    Z-..K       ii  ii  i<  «  I  2  Hermit  Lake. 

Ibl  DLI1  -  s          .       ,         ~  .      i-, 

i  i  Lake  St.  Regis. 
ist    "    7th       "  "      ist  and  8th      "  -4  Hermit  Lake. 

On  the  hind  wings,  the  antecubitals,  which  are  thicker  than  their  fellows, 
are: 

ist  and  6th  —  2  Hermit  Lake,  i  Sherborn. 

ist    "    6th  on  one  side,  ist  and  5th  on  other—  i  Lake  St.  Regis. 

ist    "    7th  —  ii   Hermit  Lake,  4  Lake  St.  Regis,  i  Fabyan's,  i  Sher- 

born, i  Catskills,  i  Pictou,  i  Newfoundland. 
ist    "    7th  on  one  side,  ist  and  6th  on  other  —  5  Hermit  Lake,  i  Cats- 

kills,  i  Pictou. 

ist    "    7th  on  one  side,  ist  and  8th  on  other  -     [  T  fre1rniefMl,kl  ''• 

\  2  Lake  St.  Regis. 

ist    "    7th  on  one  side,  ist  and  9th  on  other  —  i  Lake  St.  Regis. 

ist    "    8th  —  2  Hermit  Lake. 

ist    "    8th  on  one  side,  ist  and  6th  on  other  —  i  Fabyan's. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  13 

The  number  of  cells  in  the  discoiclal  triangle  of  the  front  wings  varies 
even  in  individuals  from  the  same  locality,  but  no  tabulation  has  been 
made. 

The  preceding  data  on  variation  have  been  included  in  order 
that  they  may  serve  as  cautions  against  regarding  the  conditions 
to  which  those  data  refer  as  specific. 

Bibliography  and  Synonymy. 

JEschua  clepsydra  Say,  Jour.  Ac.  N.  S.  Phila.  viii,  p.  12,  1839.  Hagen,  Syn. 
Neur.  N.  A.,  p.  122,  1861;  Proc.  Soc.  N.  H.,  xviii,  p.  35,  1875.  Cal- 
vert,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc..  xx,  p.  248,  1893. 

.  crenata  Hagen,  Stet.  Ent.  Zeit.  xvii,  p.  369,  1856.  Selys,  Ann.  Soc. 
Ent.   Belg.  xv,  p.  35,  1872;  xxxi,  p.  60,  1887.   Bergroth,  Ent.  Nach. 
vii,  p.  86,  iSSi. 
.  eremita  Scudder,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  N.  H.  x,  p.  213,  1866.    Hagenr 

/.  c.  xv,  p.  376,  1873. 

.  erctnif\_ic~\a  Hagen,  Proc.  B.  S.  N.  H.  xviii,  p.  34,  1875. 
.  i/tti.rii/ia  Heikel,  Not.  Faun.  Flor.  Fenn.  vi,  p.  117,  1861. 
The  known  distribution  of  this  species  is — Labrador  to  Massa- 
chusetts, 'New  York,  Maryland,  Illinois,  Michigan,  Wisconsin,  Da- 
kota, Saskatchewan,  Irkutsk  and  Wilui  River  (Siberia),  Finland. 

o 

Regarding  the  Identity  of  Oxyporus  rufipennis  and  stygicus. 

BY  L.   B.  WALTON. 

LeConte,  in  his  paper  on  certain  genera  of  Staphylinidae  Oxy- 
telini,  etc.  (Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  vi,  October,  1877),  says  in 
reference  to  Oxyporus  rufipennis  Lee. :  "This  is  perhaps  only 
a  color  variation  of  the  entirely  black  O.  stygicus  Say,  but  as  yet 
I  have  seen  no  intermediate  specimens.  There  is  no  difference 
in  form  or  structure. ' ' 

A  year  ago  last  Summer,  while  doing  some  collecting  at  Bear 
Lake,  Pa.,  I  took  a  large  number  of  both  stygicus  and  rufipennis, 
and  also  what  appeared  to  be  an  intermediate  form  having  the 
elytra  black  with  two  yellow  vittce  plainly  evident  on  each  ely- 
tron. The  occurrence  of  this  form,  together  with  the  fact  that 
all  were  taken  on  the  same  piece  of  fungus,  would  seem  to  bear 
out  LeConte's  supposition  as  to  rufipennis  being  merely  a  variety 
of  stygicus.  Having  sent  some  specimens  to  Dr.  Horn,  he  says: 
"While  I  believe  the  two  are  one  species,  something  more  than 
an  opinion  is  'required  to  corroborate  it,"  referring  to  the  fact 
that  it  would  be  necessary  to  take  them  in  coitn  to  bring  in  the 
conclusive  proof. 


14  [January, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

ggp  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

• 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA.,  JANUARY,   1894. 

THERE  are  a  number  of  entomologists  among  us  who  are  expert  col- 
lectors, and  who  have  in  the  course  of  their  collecting  trips  gleaned  many 
interesting  and  important  facts  relating  to  insect  life  and  habits.  They 
are  usually  well  and  favorably  known  among  their  brethren,  who  may  be 
able,  from  time  to  time,  to  get  some  benefit  from  association  with  them, 
but  usually  this  is  as  far  as  it  goes.  The  general  entomological  public 
reaps  no  advantage  from  their  lives,  and  the  literature  is  not  enriched 
thereby.  There  are  many  such  men,  and  they  live  and  die,  and  their 
knowledge  and  information  unfortunately  passes  away  with  them.  This 
should  not  be.  While  the  man  may  enjoy  his  hobby,  and  get  much  benefit 
from  it  for  himself,  there  is  no  reason  why  he  should  not  make  an  effort 
to  benefit  others  also,  and  the  study  in  general  by  publishing  his  notes 
from  time  to  time.  Perhaps  he  is  diffident  and  does  not  care  to  run  the 
risk  of  publication,  fearing  it  may  not  be  new  on  account  of  his  insuffi- 
cient knowledge  of  the  literature.  His  publisher  will  probably  know 
about  this,  and  he  can  let  him  shoulder  it.  We  know  of  one  instance 
where  a  long  life  was  devoted  to  entomology  without  any  benefit  to  others, 
but  in  this  instance  the  individual  was  postponing  publication  from  day 
to  day  and  year  in  and  year  out  until  he  died.  We  can  only  say  that  we 
think  it  incumbent  on  all  to  publish  their  observations. 


Saprinus  sitlcatu/iis  Schmidt.  Ent.  "  Nachrichten,"  1890,  p.  51.  Fora 
specimen  of  this  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Geo.  Lewis,  and  find  it  not  in  any 
•way  differing  from  scissus  Lee. — G.  H.  HORN. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  15 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY, 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J, 


The  Grain  Moth  at  the  Fair. — Early  in  the  season,  while  yet  matters  were 
in  an  extremely  unfinished  condition  at  Chicago,  I  wandered  through  the 
"  Palace  of  Agriculture,"  admiring  the  enormous  quantities  of  corn  dis- 
played in  every  possible  fashion;  used  as  ornaments,  and  for  decorations 
of  every  descriptions.  Wheat,  in  any  quantity,  was  also  represented,  and 
ingenious  use  was  made  of  it  to  enhance  the  beauty  and  characteristic 
features  of  this  building.  At  that  time  I  noticed  only  a  very  slight  amount 
of  grain  and  corn  that  appeared  infested  by  the  grain  moth;  here  and 
there,  in  an  ear  of  corn,  there  was  a  kernel  with  the  little  hole  character- 
istic of  the  injury  done  by  this  insect.  In  August,  first  early  in  the  month, 
and  again  some  time  about  the  middle,  I  again  wandered  through  the 
building,  observing  matters  here  and  there,  and  I  was  now  struck  by  the 
fact  that  there  was  not  an  exhibit  in  which  even  the  majority  of  ears  of 
corn  did  not  show  signs  of  the  work  of  this  insect.  Even  in  the  exhibit 
made  by  the  Agricultural  Colleges  and  Experiment  Stations,  almost  every 
ear  showed  sume  infection,  and  not  only  corn  grown  in  one  part  of  the 
country,  but  wherever  Indian  corn  was  exhibited  were  signs  of  this  insect 
apparent. 

In  October,  Prof.  Voorhees,  of  the  New  Jersey  Station,  made  another 
visit  to  the  Fair,  and  also  made  rather  a  close  examination  of  the  grains 
and  corns  that  were  exhibited.  He  informs  me  that  everything  was 
ruined  by  the  insect;  that  in  the  New  Jersey  exhibit,  which,  of  course,  he 
examined  more  particularly;  every  jar  of  grain  was  simply  a  nest  of  moths 
and  larvae,  and  that,  everywhere  the  same  appearance  prevailed;  that  in 
fact,  the  whole  building  had  become  one  vast  breeding  ground  for  these 
insects.  Orders  were  therefore  given,  that  all  the  grain  that  had  been 
gathered  with  so  much  trouble,  the  finest  specimens  of  eacli  variety,  the 
great  ears  of  Indian  corn,  everything  in  fact  should  be  destroyed  to  pre- 
vent the  introduction  of  the  insect  into  localities  in  which  perhaps  it  li.id 
not  yet  appeared  naturally.  Some  interesting  questions  come  up  now- 
what  will  be  the  effect  of  the  liberation  of  the  vast  number  of  insects 
which  matured  in  this  immense  building?  \Yhatwill  become  of  them.-1 
Will  they  be  able  to  live  through  the  Winter,  or  will  they  meet  destruc- 
tion by  the  elements?  Have  they  not  already  spread  from  that  building 
into  the  surrounding  territory,  or  will  they  not  seek  shelter  when  they 
are  disturbed  by  the  clearing  out  of  the  building,  find  their  way  into  the 
country  around  about,  into  barns  am!  into  graineries,  ami  will  they  not 
cause  considerable  damage?  The  questions  may  not  be  of  very  much 
importance;  but  it  is  rather  an  intc-resting  matter,  because  other  insert-,, 
not  so  noticeable  perhaps  as  this  grain  moth,  m.iy  have  been  quietly 
breeding  in  some  of  the  exhibits  gathered  at  Chicago  during  the  present 
season,  and  we  may  hear  of  them  again  at  no  distant  date,  in  a  manner 


1 6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

which  may  raise  the  question  in  the  minds  of  some  whether  this  Fair  was 
anything  but  an  unmitigated  nuisance.  On  the  enormous  number  of 
plants  that  were  brought  together  from  all  parts  of  the  country,  and  indeed 
from  other  climes  and  from  other  countries  with  similar  climate  to  our 
own,  can  we  be  sure  that  no  insects  were  introduced  on  them?  We  can 
question  this  at  present;  but  time  alone  can  answer  the  questions  asked. 

Handbook  of  the  Destructive  Insects  of  Victoria.  Part  II.— This  little 
work  by  Mr.  C.  French,  the  government  entomologist,  is  at  hand.  It 
contains  rather  more  than  200  pages  of  text  prepared  with  great  care,  and 
colored  plates  numbered  from  15  to  36,  illustrating  all  of  the  species 
treated  in  the  book,  and  most  of  them  in  all  stages;  structural  details 
being  also  given  in  some  instances.  The  plates  are  generally  good,  so 
far  as  appearance  is  concerned,  and  undoubtedly  add  very  largely  to  the 
value  of  the  book  for  the  agriculturist.  The  figures  very  frequently  lack 
in  detail,  and  are  of  inferior  value  to  the  the  scientific  student;  but  they 
are  fully  sufficient  from  the  standpoint  of  the  farmer,  for  whom,  after  all, 
they  were  prepared.  It  is  to  be  regretted,  perhaps,  that  we  cannot  in  our 
own  country  illustrate  our  publications  somewhat  more  in  this  same  style; 
but,  really,  good  colored  plates  are  with  us  so  frightfully  expensive  as  to 
be  quite  beyond  the  reach  of  our  Experiment  Stations,  and  to  be  possible 
only  to  the  National  Government;  even  here  it  is  necessary  to  limit  the 
number  because  of  the  cost.  There  is  an  appendix  to  the  book  treating 
of  spraying  devices,  and  there  are  a  considerable  number  of  plates  in 
black  and  white,  illustrating  this  appendix,  and  showing  machinery, 
pumps  and  nozzles  of  all  kinds — good,  bad  and  indifferent.  It  is  a  matter 
of  some  interest  that  twelve  of  the  colored  plates  illustrate  insects  that 
are  also  injurious  in  our  own  country,  including  among  them  such  pests 
as  the  plum  cucurlio,  the  cabbage  louse  and  others  of  like  ilk;  only  a  very 
few  of  the  species  being  really  characteristic  of  the  country  in  which  they 
are  troublesome.  This  illustrates  one  of  the  points  which  is  worth  while 
considering  in  our  speculations  concerning  remedies,  and  that  is  that  a 
certain  number  of  species  seem,  in  the  provision  of  nature,  to  occur  in  a 
certain  abundance  each  year,  and  the  natural  checks,  such  as  they  are, 
are  intended  to  leave  a  very  wide  margin  for  the  increase  of  the  species. 
In  cases  of  this  kind  we  must  entirely  ignore  the  so-called  natural  checks, 
and  must  act  as  if  none  such  were  in  existence. 


INSECT'S  DEADLY  STING  (appearance  of  a  winged  spider  in  Kentucky). 
—Newport,  Ky. ,  August  3. — A  deadly  insect  has  appeared  about  the 
electric -lights.  People  stung  by  the  insect  suffer  intensely.  A  sudden 
swelling  and  a  peculiar  somnolent  condition  follow  the  bite.  Michael 
Ryan  was  stung  Saturday  and  died  last  night.  |udge  Helm,  of  the  Cir- 
cuit Court,  is  laid  up  with  his  neck  swollen  to  twice  its  normal  size.  Harry 
Clark,  another  victim,  is  in  a  precarious  condition.  Local  entomologists 
describe  the  bug  as  a  sort  of  winged  spicier. — Newspaper. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     XK\VS.  17 

Notes  and 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF  THE  GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  Ni-;\vs  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "copy"  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "  extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  (ree  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


LAST  winter,  while  collecting  at  Lake  Worth,  Florida,  in  the  beginning 
of  March,  I  captured  a  9  specimen  of  Eiinica  tatila  H.  S.  I  do  not  see 
this  species  mentioned  in  any  North  American  lists.  It  is  a  much  larger 
insect  than  E.  inoniina  Cram.,  and  very  beautiful.  Eunica  tatila  is  a 
common  insect  in  Cuba  and  also  in  Mexico. — W.  SCHAUS. 

IN  a  foot-note  at  the  bottom  of  page  220  of  my  recent  Bulletin  on 
Pcecilocapsits  lineatns,  I  question  the  date  on  which  Mr.  Webster  ob- 
tained adults  for  use  in  his  experiment  at  Lafayette,  Ind.  Mr.  Webster 
has  called  my  attention  to  the  fact  that,  in  the  case  of  Aferomyza  ameri- 
cana,  the  second  brood  of  adults  emerged  earlier  at  Lafayette,  Ind.,  than 
Dr.  Fitch  had  found  them  in  New  York.  This  indicates  that  difference 
of  about  two  degrees  in  latitude  between  Lafayette,  Ind.,  and  Ithaca, 
N.  Y.,  makes  a  difference  of  two  or  three  weeks  in  the  emergence  of  in- 
sect life;  and  the  seemingly  very  early  appearance  of  the  adults  of  the 
Four-lined  Leaf-bug,  at  the  former  place,  may  thus  be  accounted  for.  I 
am  glad  of  the  opportunity  to  make  the  correction. — M.  V.  SLINGERLAND, 
Cornell  Experiment  Station. 

NOTES   ON   THE   CUCUJID.E,    OBSERVED  IN  SAN  DlEGO  COUNTY,   C.\L.— 

Silvanus surinamensis  (Linn.)  abundant  in  cereals;  Silvanus  bidentatus 
(Fabr. )  not  very  common,  occurs  with  the  preceding  species  ;  Silrtmns 
iniheUis  (Lee.)  one  specimen;  Silvanus  advena  (Waltl.)  common  in  gran- 
aries and  in  refuse  about  stables;  A  'an  sibiti  s  den  tatu  s  (Marsh. )  occasion- 
ally taken  in  commercial  storehouses;  Licmophlocns  Ingntltitus  (Say.) 
sometimes  met  with  in  immense  numbers  under  decaying  and  fungus- 
covered  bark  of  dead  sycamores  (/'/it/units  raceinosns};  I.ifinoplilocus 
ccf>halotes  (Lee.)  rare,  occurs  under  the  bark  of  the  sycamore,  blue  gum 
{Eucalyptus  globnlus},  pepper  tree  (Scliinnx  niolle],  live  oak  i  (inert  ns 
ax~rif>olia);  Brontes  d.  var.  trnncatiis  (Mots.)  common,  under  thr  bark  of 
the  live  oak. — F.  E.  BLAISDELL,  M.D. 


iS  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

NOTE  ON  CYCHRUS  ELEVAIUS. — The  following  instance  of  gregarious- 
ness  in  Carabidse  may  be  of  interest :  A  few  years  ago,  while  collecting 
on  the  south  shore  of  Long  Island,  I  found,  on  the  bank  of  a  fresh-water 
pond,  twenty-two  specimens  of  Cychrus  elevatus,  all  within  an  area  not 
larger  than  the  palm  of  my  hand.  They  were  crowded  together  in  a 
small  hollow  under  a  board,  and  were  very  sluggish,  so  that  I  had  no 
difficulty  in  taking  them  all.  The  males  were  about  twice  as  numerous  as 
the  females.  I  have  never  before  or  since  found  more  than  two  speci- 
mens together.  All  the  Long  Island  specimens  of  elcvaius  which  I  have 
seen  are  slightly  different  from  the  ordinary  type,  being  smaller  and  more 
slightly  built,  with  shorter  legs.  The  color  is  a  brighter  purple  and  not  so 
metallic,  or  cupreous,  as  the  average. — W.  C.  WOOD,  New  York. 

SURGEON-GENERAL  SIR  WILLIAM  MOORE  (Medical  Mag.,  July,  1893) 
regards  the  dissemination  of  disease  by  flies  as  a  matter  looked  upon  with 
too  much  indifference,  and  instances  an  epidemic  of  anthrax  which  was 
spread  by  flies  which  had  covered  a  carcass  of  a  dog  thrown  into  a  ditch 
in  Cortal.  He  quotes  the  experiments  of  Lawtschenks  with  flies  and 
cholera  germs,  and  observes  that  it  is  worth  noticing,  in  that  in  India  it  is 
during  the  time  and  season  of  the  greatest  prevalence  of  cholera  that  flies 
most  abound.  The  possibility  of  flies  carrying  the  organisms  of  typhoid 
fever  and  phthisis  is  suggested,  and  the  belief  is  expressed  that  leprosy  is 
often  conveyed  by  flies  which  appear  to  be  particularly  fond  of  leprous 
sores,  and  of  investigating  in  the  way  of  a  sore  on  a  healthy  person. 
There  is  no  doubt  that  ophthalmia  is  so  spread,  and  an  instance  is  given 
of  complete  destruction  of  an  eye  from  diphtherial  inflammation  following 
the  sting  (bite)  in  the  eye  by  a  fly  which  had  apparently  arisen  from  a 
dung-hill. 

THE  SAY  MEMORIAL  CHAPTER  of  the  Agassiz  Association  is  an  organ- 
ization composed  of  those  interested  in  Entomology,  living  in  various 
parts  of  the  United  States,  and  conducting  their  proceedings  by  corres- 
pondence. Its  object  is  "to  promote  the  study  of  entomology  in  all  its 
bearings,  and  to  cultivate  social  and  friendly  relations  between  those  in 
any  way  interested  in  the  science.  Each  member  of  the  Chapter  shall  be 
required  to  write  a  bi-monthly  letter  or  report  of  any  special  course  of 
study  he  is  pursuing,  or  in  narrative  form,  recount  observations  of  habits 
of  insects,  collecting  notes,  etc.  These  letters  must  contain  not  less  than 
two  hundred  words,  and  will  be  written  on  paper  furnished  by  the  Sec- 
retary-Treasurer, to  whom  they  must  be  forwarded.  This  officer  will 
keep  a  record  of  these  letters,  and  start  them  on  their  course  around  the 
Chapter,  each  recipient  of  a  letter  forwarding  it  according  to  a  geographi- 
cally arranged  register."  Members  are  proposed  by  the  Secretary-Treas- 
urer, two-thirds  vote  being  necessary  for  election.  The  officer  just  named 
is  the  only  one  recogm/ed  by  the  chapter;  his  duties  are  indicated  by  the 
preceding  statement  and  by  his  title;  he  makes  a  semi-annual  report  to 
the  President  of  the  Agassiz  Association.  The  entrance  fee  to  the  Chap- 
ter is  one  dollar,  annual  dues  one  dollar.  The  originator  of  the  Chapter 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  19 

is  Mr.  William  D.  Richardson,  of  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  and  the  present 
courteous  and  efficient  Secretary -Treasurer  is  Mr.  Roy  Hopping,  of  Bloom- 
field,  N.  ].,  who  will  gladly  furnish  further  information.  By  extending  the 
membership  all  over  the  United  States,  it  is  hoped  to  make  the  chapter 
an  important  factor  in  entomological  study,  and  this  attempt  has  the  hearty 
sympathy  of  the  NEWS.  It  is  perhaps  not  too  much  to  hope  that  this  jour- 
nal may  occasionally  be  favored  with  a  "circulating"  paper  from  the 
Chapter. 

EXPERIMENTAL  AGRICULTURE.  (Chairman  Hatch  does  not  agree  with 
the  President). — Washington,  December  n. — There  are  at  least  two  rec- 
ommendations in  the  President's  Message  which  will  not  receive  the  uni- 
versal sanction  of  the  Democrats  in  the  House.  These  relate  to  the  ex- 
tinction of  the  agricultural  experiment  stations  in  the  various  States  and 
the  abolition  of  the  present  system  of  distribution  of  seeds  by  the  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture.  Representative  Hatch,  the  Chairman  of  the  House 
Committee  on  Agriculture,  is  outspoken  in  his  opposition,  and  says  that 
since  the  message  appeared  not  a  single  member  has  expressed  to  him  a 
concurrence  in  the  President's  position,  while  scores  have  come  to  him 
and  urged  him  to  continue  to  incorporate  in  the  Agricultural  Appropria- 
tion bill  the  comparatively  small  sums  necessary  for  the  maintenance  of 
these  two  features.  "The  experiment  stations  were  established  by  an 
act  of  Congress  approved  March  2,  1887,"  says  Mr.  Hatch,  "and  have 
been  exceedingly  popular  with  the  representatives  of  the  agricultural 
interests  of  the  country.  Many  of  these  stations  have  produced  remark- 
able results.  They  were  established  by  the  almost  unanimous  vote  of 
Congress,  there  being,  as  I  remember,  not  even  a  division  on  the  ques- 
tion. I  remember  that  after  the  measure  had  passed  both  houses,  I  went 
to  the  W'hite  House  in  company  with  a  number  of  intelligent  and  highly 
reputable  gentlemen  from  some  of  the  agricultural  colleges,  and  Mr. 
Cleveland,  in  my  presence,  spoke  in  the  warmest  terms  of  the  measure. 
It  was  by  his  signature  that  it  became  a  law.  Since  that  time  there  has 
been  no  criticism  of  the  work  of  these  stations,  and  no  controversies  ex- 
cept as  to  the  division  of  the  funds  in  two  or  three  States.  No  agricultu- 
ral association,  organization  or  club,"  continued  Mr.  Hatch,  "has  ever 
spoken  of  these  experimental  stations  except  in  commendation  and  ap- 
proval. They  have  been  established  about  six  years,  and  are  now  in  a 
condition  to  render  double  the  service  and  impart  more  valuable  informa- 
tion to  the  States  than  at  any  time  since  they  have  been  in  existence. 
They  have  erected  buildings,  provided  chemical  apparatus,  and  the  ap- 
propriations from  this  on  will  result  even  more  largely  than  ever  in  the 
prosecution  of  experiments  that  will  be-  ol  immense  value  in  the  diffusion 
of  practical  information." 

THE  Rev.  Dr.  John  G.  Morris,  of  Baltimore,  is  probably  the  oldest  en- 
tomologist in  the  United  States.  On  November  141!],  last,  he  celebrated 
his  ninetieth  birthday.  Dr.  Morris  published  the  first  catalogue  of  Ameri- 
can Lepidoptera. 


2O  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

MISTAKEN  FOR  A  CRANK  (a  Yale  professor's  kindly  treatment  by  the 
Indians  who  killed  Custer). — "  One  very  peculiar  characteristic  of  the  In- 
dian," said  Major  Barbour,  a  former  plainsman  now  metamorphosed  into 
a  clubman  and  raconteur,  "  is  his  reverence,  amounting  to  ahsolue  fear  in 
many  instances,  of  an  insane  person.  They  never  harm  one  whom  they 
believe  to  be  mentally  afflicted.  I  remember  one  striking  instance  which 
will  illustrate.  I  was  a  member  of  the  expedition  headed  by  Gen.  Cus- 
ter that  made  a  tour  through  the  Yellowstone  Valley  and  that  section  of 
the  country  the  year  before  the  Custer  massacre.  It  was  put  on  foot  in 
the  interest  of  science,  and  we  had  a  lot  of  fellows  from  the  Smithsonian 
Institute  and  about  a  dozen  Yale  professors.  It  was  a  big  party,  com- 
prising two  or  three  companies  of  cavalry,  one  of  infantry  and  some  artil- 
lery, so  the  Sioux,  who  at  that  time  simply  swarmed  over  that  country, 
were  afraid  to  tackle  us  ;  but  they  hung  around  us  all  the  time,  and  Gen. 
Custer  gave  orders,  after  two  men  who  were  hunting  had  been  killed, 
that  no  one  should  leave  camp  without  permission.  Those  Yale  profes- 
sors just  worried  the  life  out  of  the  soldiers.  Every  professor  had  a  detail 
of  five  men  who  had  to  watch  him.  They  would  go  around  picking  up 
bugs  and  chasing  butterflies  all  over  the  prairie,  and  would  break  up  rocks 
and  pow-wow  over  them  with  magnifying  glasses  until  the  soldiers  swore 
that  every  man  of  them  was  a  howling  idiot.  One  day  the  worst  old  fel- 
low in  the  crowd,  who  wore  two  pairs  of  glasses,  one  red  and  one  green, 
managed  in  some  way  or  other  to  get  out  of  the  sight  of  his  detail  and 
wandered  two  or  three  miles  away.  He  ran  plump  into  a  gang  of  Sioux. 
He  walked  up  to  them  and  offered  to  shake  hands.  They  grabbed  him, 
and  the  first  thing  they  did  was  to  dive  down  into  a  big  green  baize  bag 
he  carried.  They  pulled  out  lizards  and  pieces  of  clay  and  bits  of  rock 
and  bugs  and  the  worst  assortment  of  truck  imaginable.  Just  about  this 
time  the  old  professor  caught  sight  of  a  peculiar-looking  bug.  He  caught 
it,  pulled  out  his  glass,  and  began  to  study  it.  That  settled  it.  An  Indian 
took  him  by  the  hand,  led  him  to  a  hill  close  by,  and,  pointing  to  the  army 
below,  said  '  Go.'  He  came  back  and  said  that  the  soldiers  totally  mis- 
understood the  Indians.  '  Why,  I  found  them  the  most  polite  and  court- 
eous of  people,'  said  he  to  Gen.  Custer.  But  an  old  chief  afterwards  told 
me  that  they  wouldn't  have  him  stay  in  that  country  for  anything  on 
earth."-  —  Washington  Post. 


Identification  of  Insects  (Images)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending ;  ad,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  III. 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan- 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  21 

Entomological   Literature. 


THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.  London,  November, 
1893. — On  Trachyscelis  with  descriptions  of  three  new  species,  G.  C. 
Champion.  Notes  on  the  earlier  stages  of  the  Nepticulae,  with  a  view  to 
their  better  recognition  (cont.),  J.  H.  Wood. — December,  1893.  On  t\vo 
halophilous  Hemiptera,  E.  Bergroth,  M.D.  Observations  on  Coccidae 
(No.  7),  R.  Newstead,  fig. 

SCIENCE.  New  York,  Nov.  3,  1893. — The  systematic  position  of  the 
Diptera,  J.  B.  Smith.— Nov.  10.  The  systematic  position  of  Diptera,  C. 
Y.  Riley. — Nov.  17.  The  sense-organs  on  the  legs  of  our  white  ants, 
Termes  flavipes  Koll.,  Dr.  A.  C.  Stokes,  figs. — Nov.  24.  On  the  syste- 
matic position  of  the  Diptera,  S.  W.  Williston. 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION.  Bul- 
letin 58.  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  October,  1893. — The  four-lined  leaf-bug  (Pazcilo- 
capsus  lineatus),  M.  V.  Slingerland.  Pp.  207-239.  13  figs. 

THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.  London,  No- 
vember, 1893. — Two  new  Coccidas  from  New  Mexico,  T.  D.  A.  Cocker- 
ell,  figs. 

RECORDS  OF  THE  AUSTRALIAN  MUSEUM,  II,  5.  Sydney,  September, 
1893. — Description  of  a  new  flea  (Stephanocircus  dasyuri],  from  New 
South  Wales;  with  notes  of  some  other  insect  parasites  known  in  Austra- 
lia, F.  A.  A.  Skuse,  i.pl. 

BULLETIN  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES  NATIONAL  MUSEUM  No.  46. — The 
Myriapoda  of  North  America,  by  Charles  Harvey  Bollman.  Edited  by 
L.  M.  Underwood.  Containing  the  collected  writings  on  North  American 
-Myriapoda,  both  published  and  unpublished,  of  the  late  C.  H.  Bollman. 
Washington,.  1893.  210  pp. 

THE  BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA,  with  colored  drawings  and 
descriptions,  by  W.  H.  Edwards.  Third  series,  part  xiv.  Boston  and 
New  York.  Houghton,  Mifflin&Co.,  1893.  Contains  Neominois  riding. v/7, 
Chionobas  osno,  assiinilis,  crauibis,  inacoitiiii. 

COMPTE  RENDU.  SOCIETE  PHILOMATHIQUE  DE  PARIS.  Oct.  28,  1893.— 
New  note  on  an  entomophagous  insect  \_Doria  ineditabniiJa'],  parasitic 
in  the  European  silk-worm,  E.  L.  Bouvier  and  G.  Delacroix. 

ZOE.  San  Francisco.  October  1893.— The  species  of  Amblychila,  J.  J. 
Rivers,  2  pis.  A  mesquite  Tineicl  which  constructs  a  bag-like  case  from 
the  leaves,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.  Lcncarctia  rickscckcri.  Dr.  H.  H.  Behr. 

NATURE.  London,  Nov.  16,  1893. — Further  notes  and  observations 
upon  the  instincts  of  some  common  English  spiders,  R.  I.  1'ocock.  The 
stigmata  of  the  Arachnida  as  a  clue  to  their  ancestry,  H.  M.  Bernard, 
I  fig. — November  30.  Protective  habit  in  a  spider  [/:/V/;w],  C.  L.  Morgan. 


22  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

LE  NATURALISTE.  Paris,  Nov.  15,  1893. — New  remarks  on  the  habits 
of  Coleoptera  destructive  to  forests,  M.  Decaux. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.  Philadelphia,  November,  1893. — Ani- 
mal intelligence,  J.  Weir.  The  androchonia  of  Lepidoptera,  M.  B. 
Thomas,  i  pi.  Fleshy  cecidomyid  twig-gall  on  Atriplex  canescens,  C. 
H.  T.  Townsend.  Trichodactylus  xylocopce  in  California,  H.  Osborn. 

COMPTE  RENDU.  SOCIETE  DE  BIOLOGIE.  Paris,  Nov.  18,  1893. — On 
the  reproduction  of  the  Sarcoptidae,  Dr.  E.  Trouessarc. 

PSYCHE.  Cambridge,  December,  1893. — The  primitive  number  of 
Malpighian  vessels  in  insects  (concluded),  vii,  W.  M.  Wheeler,  figs.  De- 
scriptions of  new  species  and  genera  of  West  African  Lepidoptera,  W.  ]. 
Holland,  figs.  The  Dolichopodid  genus  Liancalns  Loevv,  |.  M.  Aldrich. 
Two  new  forms  of  Diaspinse,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerel!.  A  note  on  the  larva 

of  Datana  floridana  Graef.,  H.  G.  Dyar. 

t 

INSECT  LIFE,  vi,  i,  Washington,  D.  C.,  November,  1893. — An  impor- 
tant predatory  insect  (Erastria  scitula  Ramb.),  Eds.,  figs.  Notes  on 
Tasmanian  Coccinellidae,  E.  H.  Thompson.  Experiments  with  the  hop- 
louse  in  Oregon  and  Washington,  A.  Koebele.  Report  on  outbreaks 
of  the  Western  cricket  and  of  certain  locusts  in  Idaho,  R.  Milliken.  The 
present  status  of  the  recent  Australian  importations,  D.  W.  Coquillett 
and  A.  Koebele.  On  the  injurious  and  other  locusts  of  New  Mexico  and 
Arizona,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.  The  usual  extracts  from  correspondence 
and  general  notes. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.  London,  Nov.  15,  1893. — On  the 
larva  of  Arctia  caia,  with  special  reference  to  its  correlated  variations  in 
plumage,  moulting  and  hybernation,  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman. 

ZOOLOGISCHER  Ais'ZEiGER,  Leipsic,  Nov.  27,  1893. — On  the  bite  of 
Pseudoscorpions,  C.  Berg. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.  London,  Dec.,  1893. — The  coloring  of  Chryso- 
phamis  phlceas.  as  affected  by  temperature,  F.  Merrifield.  Observations 
on  Vanessa  c-albftm,  W.  H.  Bath.  A  catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of 
Ireland  (cont.),  W.  F.  deVismes  Kane.  Three  new  Coccidae  from  the 
arid  region  of  N.  America,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.  Notes  on  the  synonomy 
of  Noctuid  moths,  A.  G.  Butler,  Ph.D.  Vanessa  atalanta  in  Florida,  J. 
Arkle. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON,  1893,  part 
II,  Aug.  i,  1893. — Descriptions  of  new  species  of  Lepidoptera  Hetero- 
cera  from  Central  and  South  America,  H.  Druce,  3  pis. — Pt.  iii,  Oct.  2, 
1893.  A  monograph  of  the  butterflies  of  the  genus  Thysonotis,  II.  II. 
Druce  and  G.  T.  Bethune-Baker,  3  pis. 

BULLETIN  44  OF  THE  U.  S.  NATIONAL  MUSEUM. — Catalogue  of  the 
Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidse,  found  in  Boreal  America.  By 
John  B.  Smith,  Sc.  D. — This  great  work  of  424  pages  marks  an  era  in  the 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  23 

study  of  American  moths.  From  this  time  on  it  will  be  possible  for  anyone 
who  has  access  to  a  fair  entomological  library,  with  the  aid  of  this  work 
to  intelligently  study  our  Noctuidae.  The  references  to  all  the  species  are 
given,  and  also  the  original  generic  references,  as  well  as  the  synonymy, 
etc.,  of  all  the  species.  The  habitat,  time  of  appearance,  and  location  of 
the  types  are  all  given,  as  well  as  any  other  notes  considered  of  impor- 
tance. A  most  valuable  index  is  given,  which  adds  very  materially  to  the 
value  of  the  work,  inasmuch  as  every  name  used  in  the  body  of  the  work 
is  referred  to.  This  will  be  invaluable  to  many  collectors  and  students 
who  have  their  species  under  old  or  improper  generic  names,  and  who  clo 
not  know  where  to  place  them  in  our  later  lists.  The  advent  of  such  a 
work  is  of  vast  importance,  as  it  makes  it  possible  for  the  general  'student 
to  work  in  what  was  heretofore  a  special  field  only  open  to  a  few  most 
painstaking  workers  who  worked  out  the  literature  for  themselves.  Prof. 
Smith  is  to  be  congratulated  on  this  work,  and  also  to  a  greater  extent 
the  entomologists  of  America,  who  will  be  benefitted  by  it. 

WE  have  received  Bulletin  of  the  United  States  National  Museum,  No. 
45,  devoted  exclusively  to  Mr.  William  H.  Ashmead's  monograph  of  the 
North  American  Proctrotrypidas,  the  receipt  of  which  we  take  pleasure 
in  acknowledging.  The  work  is  quite  voluminous,  there  being  454  pages 
of  text  and  18  excellent  plates  executed  by  the  author.  Mr.  Ashmead 
considers  that  the  Proctotrypidas  "have  but  little  affinity  to  the  Chalci- 
didze,"  and  should  be  placed  at  the  head  of  the  Terebrantia,  as  he  be- 
lieves them  to  be  closely  related  to  the  Aculeata,  and  further  asserts  that 
after  the  removal  of  the  group  Myrmarina?,  which  he  regards  as  a  distinct 
family,  they  have  no  relation  to  the  Chalcididse.  The  external  structural 
characters  are  described  at  length,  and  plate  I  is  entirely  dtvoted  to  the 
illustration  of  them.  The  habits,  dimorphism  and  parthenogenisis,  life- 
history  and  distribution  are  dwelt  on.  He  asserts  that  there  is  scarcely 
any  doubt,  but  that  many  of  the  wingless  species  to  be  found  in  the  various 
genera  are  only  dimorphic  forms  of  winged  species,  but  as  little  positive 
is  known  on  the  subject,  they  must  be  described  as  distinct  species,  as 
any  other  course  would  be  but  guesswork,  and,  consequently,  unscientific. 
Such  forms  must  be  bred  from  generation  to  generation  before  anything 
positive  can  be  learned  regarding  them.  The  arrangement  proposed  by 
Halliday,  in  1839,  he  discards  as  unnatural,  as  the  scheme  widely  sepa- 
rates some  closely-allied  groups.  The  classification  of  Forster  being  re- 
garded by  him  as  the  most  satisfactory,  he  has  made  it  the  basis  of  his 
own  work.  After  reviewing  the  works  of  numerous  authors  his  own  clas- 
sification is  announced,  in  winch  he  recognizes  ten  subfamilies,  all  of 
which  were  regarded  as  families  by  Forster.  After  tabulating  the  sub- 
families, and  the  genera  likewise,  the  species  are  so  treated.  Manx  new 
species  are  brought  to  light,  as  is  well  illustrated  in  the  genus  l\fcgas/>i/n$, 
in  which  the  species  are  trebled,  and  still  better  in  Po/\'gno(ns.  in  which 
genus  the  number  of  species  is  increased  from  three  to  thirty-three. 
The  work  is  completed  by  a  "  tabula:  view"  of  the  bred  North  American 


24  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

Proctotrypidse,  which  gives  a  list  of  their  hosts,  and  a  catalogue  of  the 
literature  on  the  subject,  and  explanations  of  the  abbreviations  used.  We 
cannot  consider  this  work  otherwise  than  a  most  valuable  contribution  to 
the  literature  of  the  micro-Hymenoptera,  and  while  we  are  not  versed 
sufficiently  with  the  parasitic  Hymenoptera  to  offer  any  criticisms  on  the 
work,  we  feel  sure  that  very  few,  if  any,  unfavorable  comments  can  be 
made  thereon,  and  beg  to  congratulate  the  author  for  the  masterly  way 
he  has  handled  the  subject. — \Y.  J.  F. 


NEW  SPECIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  INSECTS  DESCRIBE!) 
IN  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


HEMIPTERA. 

Orthezia  Anna  Cockerell,  Ann.  Mag.  N.  H.  (6)  xii,  p.  403,  N.  Mex. 
Bergrothia  townsendi,  p.  404,  N.  Mex. 

Aspidiotus  uv<z  Comst.  var.  coloratus  Cockerell,  Psyche  vi,  p.  571,  N. 
Mex.  Mytilaspis  albus  Ckll.  var.  concolor,  p.  572,  N.  Mex. 

Fairmairia  (Ceroplastodes}  nivea  Cockerell,  Ent.  xxvi,  p.  350,  Mex. 
Ceroplastes  irregularis,  p.  351;  id.  Pseudococcus  helianthi,  p.  352,  N. 
Mex. 

MYRIAPODA. 

N.  spp.  Bollman,  Bull.  U.  S.  N.  M.  No.  46. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Leucarctia  rickseckeri  Behr.,  Zoe  iv,  p.  247,  Calif.  , 
Tagora  corax  Druce,  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  Lond.  1893,  p.  299,  Mex. 

DIPTERA. 

Cecidomyia  atriplicis  Tovvnsend,  Am.  Nat.  xxvii,  p.  1021,  N.  Mex. 
Liancalus  hydrophilus  Aldrich,  Psyche  vi,  p.  569,  S.  Dak.     L.  siini/is, 
p.  571,  Wash. 


Thie  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


DECEMBER  n,   1893. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  G.  II.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  E.  T.  Cresson,  G.  B.  Cresson,  Culvert,  Liebeck,  Johnson,  Skinner, 
Ridings,  Laurent  and  Welles.  Associates:  Fox,  Nell,  Haimbach,  Drs. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  25 

Griffith  and  Castle.  This  being  the  business  meeting  of  the  year,  the  re- 
ports of  the  different  officers  were  read  and  the  following  named  gentle- 
men were  elected  to  serve  for  the  coming  year: 

Director,  G.  H.   HORN,  M.D. 

Vice-Director,  C.  S.  WELLES. 

Recorder,  H.  SKINNER,   M.D. 

Treasurer,  E.  T.  CRESSON. 

Conservator,  H.  SKINNER,  M.D. 


„  ...     ,.       ~         ...       f  T.  H.  RIDINGS, 
Publication  Committee^  <.  ^  ^   JOHNSON 


The  following  papers  were,  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 

A  NEW  HEPIALUS  FROM  CALIFORNIA. 

By  HARRISON  G.  DYAR. 

Kepialus  lembertii  n.  sp. — Light  fawn  color,  of  the  tint  usual  in  this 
genus  ;  secondaries  blackish,  with  a  small,  pale  spot  at  apex.  Below 
both  wings  blackish,  the  fringe  pale.  On  the  fore  wings  are  a  series  of 
dusky  whitish,  subquadrate,  intervenular  spots,  each  neatly  surrounded 
by  a  smoky  black  border.  The  spots  are  arranged  in  six  irregular,  eaten - 
ulate,  transverse  bands,  as  follows: — (i)  Two  rather  large  spots  at  base 
of  cell  and  vein  i  (ix)  respectively;  (2)  two  or  three  small  ones  below  me- 
dian vein  (cubitus);  (3)  a  transverse,  complete  row  before  middle  of  wing 
of  about  five  spots,  nearly  straight;  (4)  a  row  of  small  ones  from  end  of 
cell  to  costa,  becoming  furcate  before  reaching  costa;  (5)  a  complete  row 
•of  about  eight  spots  in  the  transverse-posterior  position,  dislocated  at 
vein  4  (vr3);  (6)  a  terminal  row,  leaving  the  margin  for  a  short  space  near 
the  terminations  of  veins  7  to  9  (iiis  to  iii3).  Veins  indicated  in  smoky 
black.  Expanse  31-33  mm. 

Described  from  two  examples  captured  in  the  high  Sierras  of 
California  by  Mr.  John  B.  Lembert. 

Mr.  Lembert  writes  that  the  moths  were  taken  on  September 
ist  flying  about  dusk  within  a  short  distance  of  the  ground.  He 
took  them  in  the  highland  meadow  near  the  banks  of  the  Lyell 
fork  of  the  Tuolumne  River. 

The  species  is  different  from  any  known  to  me  either  autopti- 
cally  or  by  description.  I  am  unacquainted  with  the  Plepialus 
californicus  of  Boisduval;  but  his  short  description  cannot  be 
made  to  apply  to  this  form.  Boisduval  says  of  calif ornicus  : 
"  Elle  a  le  port  et  la  taille  de  la  carmis  des  Alps.  Ses  ailes  su- 
perieures  d'un  grisatre  obscure  offrent  a  un  certain  jour,  vers 
1'extremite,  des  raies  blanchatres  parallales  renfermant  des  petites 
taches  arronclies  d'une  couleur  plus  obscure.  Les  ailes  intcri- 
eures  sout  d'un  i>ris  noiratre. ' 


26  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

AFRICAN  HESPERIIDyE. 

By  W.  J.   HOLLAND,   Ph.D.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Subfamily  HESPERIIN^E. 
SARANGESA  Moore. 

1.  S.  exprompta  sp.  nov.  <$. — Allied  to  S.  pcrpaitpera  Holl.,  and  also  to 
.5".  me/ania  Mab.,  according  to  the  tenor  of  the  description  of  the  latter  spe- 
cies.    The  antenna?  and  the  entire  upperside  of  the  body  are  blackish 
brown;  the  lowerside  of  the  body  is  paler  brown.     The  primaries  dark 
gray,  clouded  below  the  apex  by  a  broad  irregular  transverse  black  shade, 
which  is  continued  parallel  to  the  outer  margin  to  the  outer  angle.    There 
is  also  a  black  shade  at  the  apex,  and  a  small  black  circular  spot  below 
the  cell  near  the  origin  of  the  first  median  nervule.    There  are  eight  vitre- 
ous spots  upon  the  wing,  disposed  as  follows:    Three  minute  spots  form- 
ing a  srtort  subapical  band  just  below  the  costa,  one-third  of  the  distance 
from  the  apex;  a  small  circular  spot  on  the  costa  above  the  end  of  the 
cell;  an  elongated  spot  closing  the  cell,  with  its  inner  margin  straight  and 
its  outer  margin  excavated;  three  spots  on  the  median  intervals  forming  a 
short  series  parallel  to  the  outer  margin.     Of  these  three  last-mentioned 
spots,  the  one  in  the  middle  is  the  largest,  and  is  subtriangular ;  the  lower  one 
is  quite  minute,  andthe  upper  one  subquadrate.  The  oblong  spot  at  the  end 
of  the  cell  is  shaded  posteriorly  by  a  blackish  shade.     The  fringes  are 
concolorous,  slightly  checkered  with  paler  fuscous  on  the  intervals,  and 
distinctly  marked  with  whitish  at  the  apex  and  just  above  the  outer  angle. 
The  secondaries  are  of  the  same  color  as  the  primaries,  clouded  along 
the  outer  margin  with  blackish,  and  traversed  about  the  middle  and  just 
beyond  it  by  two  interrupted  parallel  series  of  blackish  circular  spots. 
The  fringes  are  concolorous,  slightly  checkered  with  paler  fuscous  on  their 
edges  at  the  interspaces.     Upon  the  underside  the  ground  color  is  a  trifle 
paler  than  upon  the  upperside.     All  the  spots  and  markings  of  the  upper 
surface  are  reproduced  upon  this  side.     Expanse  26  mm. 

Hab.- — -Accra,  West  Africa. 

This  insect  belongs  to  the  subgeneric  group,  for  which  Mons. 
P.  Mabille  has  proposed  the  name  Eretis.  The  structural  differ- 
ences are  scarcely  sufficient  to  warrant  a  separation  from  the 
genus  Sarangesa  Moore,  to  which  a  large  number  of  African  spe- 
cies must  be  assigned. 

2.  S.  subalbicla  sp.  nov.  <j\ — The  antenna;  are  black.     The  upperside 
of  the  body  is  black;  the  lowerside  of  the  palpi  and  the  pectus  are  ochra- 
ceous;  the  legs  whitish,  as  also  the  lowerside  of  the   thorax  and  abdo- 
men.   The  upperside  of  both  wings  are  gray,  the  primaries  clouded  with 
blackish  at  the  outer  angle,  and  the  secondaries  heavily  clouded  in  like 
manner  at  the  outer  angle.     There  are  seven  very  minute,  whitish  vitre- 
ous spots  upon  the  primaries.     Four  of  these  spots  form  a  subqnadrate 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  I. 


See  page  26. 


AFRICAN    HESPERIID/E   Holland  (Ki-duc-e.l  oiu-lif(li). 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  27 

group  before  the  apex  near  the  costal  margin,  the  other  three  are  dis- 
posed as  a  limbal  series  on  the  median  interspaces  beyond  the  middle  of 
the  wing.  They  are  all  surrounded  narrowly  by  darker  cloudings,  deep 
brown  or  blackish.  Upon  the  underside  the  primaries  are  as  on  the  upper- 
side,  but  paler,  with  the  inner  margin  laved  with  whitish  ;  the  secondaries 
are  bluish  white,  with  the  base  covered  witli  bluish  gray  scales.  The 
outer  angle  is  heavily  marked  with  black,  and  there  is  a  small  circular 
black  spot  near  the  costa  beyond  the  middle  of  the  wing.  Expanse  32  mm. 

Hab. — Kangwe,  Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

CELffiNORHINUS  Hub. 

3.  C.  macrostictus  sp.  nov.J  .—Closely  allied  toC  clminci  Ploetz  (=C. 
proximo  Mab.j,  from  which  it  differs  in  no  respect,  except  that  the  en- 
tire middle  area  of  the  wing  is  occupied  by  a  large  white  spot,  which 
replaces  the  four  or  five  spots  which  compose  a  median  band  of  markings 
in  the  species  described  by  Ploetz,  and  that  the  fringes  of  the  secondaries 
are  not  white,  checkered  with  black,  as  in  C.  elini/ia,  but  are  uniformly 
brown,  like  the  body  of  the  wing.     Expanse  41  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

JEGRIS  Guen. 

4.  E.  fllSCOSa  sp.  nov.   ?. — Antennas  black;  head  and  upperside  of  the 
palpi  brown,  lower  side  of  palpi  white;  upperside  of  thorax  and  abdomen 
fuscous-brown,  lowerside  of  thorax  grayish;  lowerside  of  abdomen  pure 
white;  legs  grayish.    The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  fulvescent  brown, 
with  the  outer  borders  marked  with  blackish.     There  is  a  double  black 
spot  beyond  the  base  near  the  inner  margin.     The  wing  is  traversed  by  a 
median  band  of  seven  elongated  translucent  spots:  one  near  the  costa: 
two  below  it,  at  the  end  of  the  cell  (the  lower  one  of  which  is  the  largest): 
a  small  one  between  the  second  and  third  median  nervules;  a  larger  one, 
subtriangular  in  form,  between  the  first  and  second  median  nervules;  two 
smaller  ones  between  the  first  median  nervule  and  the  submedian  nerve. 
All  of  these  spots  are  margined  externally  with  blackish.    There  is  a  sub- 
apical  series  of  six  small  spots  arranged  in  a  curved  line,  the  second  from 
the  the  top  being  advanced  sharply  beyond  the  others.     The  secondaries 
have  the  same  ground-color  as  the  primaries,  and  have  a  large  black  spot 
at  the  end  of  the  cell,  followed  by  a  regularly  curved  series  of  eight  black 
spots,  two  of  them  on  the  costa;  the  fourth  and  fifth,  reckoning  from  the 
costa,  tending   to   coalesce.     The   outer   angle  is  broadly    marked    with 
blackish.    The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  pale  fuscous,  the  transhn  enl 
spots  of  the  upperside  reappearing.    The  secondaries  are  pure  white,  with 
tlie  base  laved  with  bluish;  the  costa  and  outer  angle  broadly  marked 
with  dark  brown.     The  fringes  are  brown;  a  brownish  shade  runs  in- 
wardly near  the  first  median  nervule.     There  are  two  small  black  spots  at 
the  end  of  the  cell,  and  a  subcostal  curved  series  of  live  black  spots,  tin- 


28  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

second  of  which,  reckoning  from  the  base,  is  the  largest;  and  the  fourth 
and  fifth  tend  to  coalesce.     Expanse  40  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

This  species  seems  to  be  closely  allied  to  E.phyllophila  Trim., 
from  which  it  differs,  however,  in  the  form  of  the  spots  upon  the 
primaries,  and  in  the  absence  of  the  submarginal  spots  upon  the 
lowerside  of  the  secondaries  in  the  region  of  the  median  nervules. 

ACLEROS  Mab. 

5.  A.  substrigata  sp.  nov.  <^\ — The  antennae,  the  upperside  of  the  palpi, 
the  head,  the  thorax  and  the  abdomen,  black;  the  tip  of  the  abdomen  and 
the  lowerside  of  the  palpi,  the  thorax  and  the  abdomen,  whitish;  the  legs 
are  gray,  margined  with  whitish.     The  upperside  of  both  primaries  and 
secondaries  is  black  ;  the  fringes  of  the  primaries  on  the  upperside  are 
black;  the  fringes  of  the  secondaries  are  white,  more  broadly  so  at  the 
anal  angle.     On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  fuscous,  broadly  marked 
with  white  upon  the  inner  margin.    There  are  two  very  small  and  obscure 
whitish  spots  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  one  above  each  other,  and  faint  traces 
of  a  curved  limbal  series  of  similar  spots,  in  which  the  two  uppermost 
members  of  the  series  are  the  most  conspicuous,  and  in  some  specimens 
are  well  defined.     The  secondaries  are  gray,  slightly  darker  on  the  costa 
and  traversed   by  subbasal,  median,  and  submarginal  series  of  spots, 
lighter  than  the  ground-color  of  the  wings,  and  margined  externally  by 
fine  dark  lines. 

9 . — The  female  is  like  the  male,  save  that  the  primaries  are  marked 
by  two  diffuse  white  spots,  one  above  the  submedian  nerve  about  its  mid 
die,  and  another  just  above  it,  between  the  first  and  second  median  ner- 
vules at  their  origin.  Expanse  tf  and  9  25 — 2§  mm- 

Hab.—  Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

On  the  upperside  this  insect  looks  like  A.  mackenii  Trim., 
but  is  smaller.  A  glance  at  the  underside,  which  is  totally  unlike 
that  of  any  other  species  in  the  genus,  reveals  at  once  its  specific 
distinctness. 

GASTROCHffiTA  Mab. 

6.  G.  mabillei   sp.  nov.  <j\-— Antennae  black;   upperside  of  the  head, 
thorax  and  abdomen,  dark  brown;  lowerside  of  the  palpi  whitish;  lower 
side  of  thorax  brown;  lower  side  of  abdomen  yellowish,  the  yellow  color 
produced  upwardly  on  the  sides  along  the  outer  margin  of  the  segment. 
Primaries  on  the  upperside  black.     There  are  two  small  white  translucent 
spots,  one  above  the  other,  at  the  end  of  the  cell;  there  are  three  minute 
spots,  forming  a  curved  subapical  series;   there  are  three  subquadrate 
spots,  forming   a   transverse  median  series,   the  middle  spot  being  the 
largest,  and  located  just  below  the  two  small  spots  at  the  end  of  the  cell, 
the  lower  spot  is  semi-opaque.     The  secondaries  have  a  large  circular 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  29 

translucent  spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  and  beyond  it  t\vo  narrow  elon- 
gated white  spots  separated  by  the  second  median  nervule.  On  the  un- 
derside the  primaries  are  marked  as  on  the  upperside,  but  the  ground 
color  is  obscure  fuscous,  shading  into  blackish  on  the  cell.  The  secon- 
daries are  yellowish,  with  the  outer  margin  broadly  brown.  There  is  a 
translucent  spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  very  narrowly  edged  with  brown; 
there  are  two  blackish  rays  running  from  this  spot  to  the  base.  The  costa 
is  narrowly  marked  with  brown,  and  there  is  a  curved  series  of  four  small 
brown  spots,  two  below  the  c  osta,  the  third  opposite  the  end  of  the  cell, 
geminate;  and  the  fourth,  just  below  the  two  translucent  linear  spots, 
which  reappear  upon  the  lowerside,  and  are  especially  noticeable  when 
the  wing  is  held  up  to  the  light. 

Q. — The  female  does  not  materially  differ  from  the  male,  except  in 
having  a  stouter  body.  Expanse  cf  and  9  35  mm- 

Hal). — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

I  name  this  well-marked  and  distinct  species  in  honor  of  Mons. 
P.  Mabille,  of  Paris,  the  veteran  hesperidologist,  to  whom  I  sub- 
mitted the  species,  and  who  declared  it  to  be  unknown  to  him. 

GANGARA  Moore. 

V 

7.  G.  ( ?  )  basistriga  sp.  nov.   $. — Antennas  dark  brown,  narrowly  mar- 
gined with  yellow  on  the  underside  of  the  culmen,  and  broadly  marked 
with  yellow  on  the  underside  of  the  club.     The  upperside  of  the  palpi 
and  the  entire  body  are  dark  brown;  the  lowerside  of  the  palpi  is  yellow- 
ish; legs  brown.     The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  dark  brown.    There 
is  a  long  subquadrate  spot  filling  the  outer  half  of  the  cell;  a  subapical 
series  of  three  yellow  spots,  of  which  the  outermost  one  is  the  largest. 
There  are  three  yellow  spots  forming  a  transverse  limbal  series,  of  which 
the  one  located   between  the  first  and  second  median  nervules  is  very 
large,  and  is  separated  from  the  large  spot  in  the  cell   by  the  median 
nervule  ;  the  other  two  spots  are  subtriangular,  one  located  between  the 
second  and  third  median  nervules,  and  the  other  being  located  upon  the 
submedian  nerve,  a  little  beyond  its  middle.     The  fringe  is  dark  brown, 
except  at  the  outer  angle,  where  it  is  yellowish.     The  secondaries  are 
dark  brown,  with  the  base  and  inner  margin  covered  with  olivaceous 
hairs.     There  is  a  yellowish  ray  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  followed  by  a 
transverse  median  series  of  three  yellow  opaque  markings,  which  cross 
the  wing  at  right  angles  to  the  inner  margin;  the  two  innermost  spots, 
which  are  located  between  the  median  nervules,  are  circular;  the  outer- 
most, which  is  elongated  and  linear,  is  situated  between  the  third  median 
and  the  first  subcostal.     The  fringes  are  narrowly  yellowish,  shaded  with 
brown  at  the  ends  of  the  nervules,  except  near  the  anal  angle,  when-  t In- 
fringe is  uniformly  bright  yellow.     On  the  underside  the  primaries  are 
dark  maroon,  marked  with  pale  cinereous  near  the  apex,  and  laved  with 
pale  yellowish  along  the  inner  margin.     The  spots  of  the  upper  surface 
reappear  on  the  lowerside,  and,  in   addition,  tht-iv  is  a  small  geminate 


30  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [January, 

costal  spot  about  the  middle  of  the  costa.  There  is  a  narrow  ray  of 
cinereous  on  the  costa  at  the  base;  the  cinereous  apical  tract  is  marked  by 
a  band  of  darker  submarginal  cloudings,  and  the  margin  at  the  apex  is  ac- 
centuated by  a  series  of  dark  brown  spots,  shading  about  the  middle  into 
the  dark  ground-color  of  the  wing.  The  third  spot  of  the  median  series, 
which  is  very  conspicuous  on  the  upperside,  scarcely  appears  on  the  low- 
erside,  but  is  lost  in  the  prevalent  yellow  shade  of  the  inner  margin.  The 
secondaries  are  dark  brown,  laved  with  purplish-ashen  arranged  in  trans- 
verse bands.  At  the  base,  running  diagonally  from  the  costa  to  the  sub- 
median  nerve,  there  is  a  narrow,  pale  cinereous  streak;  the  outer  margin 
is  dark  brown.  The  fringe  at  the  anal  angle  is  bright  yellow.  Expanse 
68  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

This  fine  species,  which  is  one  of  the  largest  of  the  African  Hes- 
periidae,  is  represented  in  my  collection  by  a  single  female.  It 
strongly  suggests,  in  some  respects,  the  well-known  Gangara 
thy > sis  of  India;  but  I  suspect  that  an  accurate  examination  of 
the  neuration,  which  I  am  reluctant  at  present  to  make,  will 
reveal  that  it  is  generically  distinct. 

PARNARA. 

8.  P.  unistriga  sp.  nov.  rj. — The  antennas  are  black,  paler  on  the  lower- 
side,  witli  the  lowerside  of  the  club  bright  yellow;  the  upperside  of  the 
palpi,  the  head,  and  the  body  is  dark  brown;  the  lowerside  of  the  palpi 
is  whitish,  of  the  thorax  gray,  and  of  the  abdomen  pure  white.  The  legs 
are  gray,  like  the  thorax.  The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  blackish 
brown,  with  greenish  hairs  at  the  base.  There  are  two  narrow,  elongated 
spots  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  one  above  the  other.  There  are  two  minute 
subapical  dots  and  a  transverse  median  series  of  four  spots,  of  which  the 
uppermost  is  very  minute;  the  next  larger  subquadrate;  the  third  the 
largest  of  all,  trapezodial;  and  the  fourth,  which  is  located  on  the  subme- 
dian  vein  near  its  middle,  is  lunate.  The  fringes  are  slightly  paler  than 
the  body  of  the  wing.  The  secondaries,  upon  the  upperside,  are  of  the 
same  color  as  the  primaries,  with  the  fringes  at  the  anal  angle,  and  the 
inner  margin  quite  pale.  They  are  traversed  by  a  transverse  median 
band  of  four  or  five  white  opaque  spots,  which  gradually  widen  from  the 
first  subcostal  to  the  first  median  nervule,  where  the  series  terminates. 
On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  fuscous,  slightly  darker  in  the  region 
of  the  cell.  The  spots  of  the  upperside  reappear  on  this  side,  and  are 
much  larger,  though  less  dstinctly  defined.  The  secondaries  are  fuscous, 
slightly  tinged  with  rufous,  and  externally  bordered  with  a  darker  shade; 
there  is  a  circular  whitish  spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell.  The  transverse  me. 
dian  series  of  spots  reappears  upon  the  lowerside,  but  more  distinctly 
defined,  and  a  narrow  whitish  ray  runs  from  the  innermost  of  these  spots 
to  the  outer  margin.  The  female  is  unknown  to  me.  Expanse  30  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove". 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  31 

In  the  plate  h'gs.  13  and  14  show  white  spots  near  the  costa  of 
the  primaries,  beyond  the  base,  and  in  fig.  13  there  are  white 
spots  near  the  costa  at  the  base  of  the  secondaries:  these  are 
pin-holes  in  the  wings  of  the  specimen,  and  must  not  be  taken 
into  account  when  studying  the  figure.  I  did  not  have  an  oppor- 
tunity to  retouch  the  plate  and  stop  them  out. 

9.  P.  melphis  sp.  nov.  $ — Antennae  black,  paler  beneath.  The  palpi 
are  brown,  edged  below  with  the  yellowish.  The  thorax  and  abdomen 
are  dark  brown,  sparingly  clothed  with  greenish  hairs.  The  upperside  of 
the  primaries  is  black,  clothed  with  greenish  hairs  at  the  base.  There  are 
two  small  subapical  spots,  and  a  transverse  limbal  series  of  five  translu- 
cent spots,  the  first  exceedingly  minute;  the  second  subquadrate;  the 
third  and  tourth,  which  are  also  subquadrate,  are  the  largest  in  the  series, 
and  are  closer  to  each  other  than  the  other  spots;  the  lowermost  spot  of 
the  series,  which  rests  upon  the  middle  of  the  submedian  vein,  is  small 
and  nearly  oval.  The  secondaries  on  the  upperside  are  black,  with  a 
light  vestiture  of  greenish  hairs  at  the  base  and  on  the  inner  margin.  The 
fringes  are  narrow  and  whitish.  This  wing  is  crossed  about  the  middle, 
beyond  the  cell,  by  an  irregularly  curved  band  of  translucent  spots,  ex- 
tending from  the  first  subcostal  to'  the  internal  vein.  Both  wings,  on  the 
underside,  are  brownish  ferruginous.  The  spots  of  the  upperside  reap- 
pear. The  small  oval  spot,  which  forms  the  last  member  of  the  trans- 
verse limbal  series  of  the  upperside,  is  represented  upon  the  lowerside  by 
a  large,  brilliantly-white  lunate  spot,  which  is  opaque,  except  on  its  inner 
margin,  where  it  coincides  with  the  oval  mark  of  the  upper  surface.  The 
median  band  of  spots  on  the  secondaries  is  reinforced  by  a  small  brilliantly- 
white  opaque  spot  at  its  outer  extremity  above  the  first  subcostal  nervule, 
and  the  inner  spot  contiguous  to  the  internal  vein  is  larger  than  upon  the 
upperside,  brilliantly  white  and  opaque,  except  where  it  coincides  with 
the  small  translucent  spot  of  the  upperside  of  the  wing.  Expanse  35  mm. 

Hab- — Valley  bf  the  Ogove. 

This  species  in  some  respects  resembles  P.  statira  Mab.,  ac- 
cording to  the  published  description;  but  Mons.  Mabille,  who 
has  seen  the  type,  declares  it  to  be  a  species  unknown  to  him 
and  quite  distinct  from  his  P.  statira. 

EXPLANATION    OF    PLATE    I. 

Fig.    i.  Sarangesa perpaupera  Roll.,  Ann.  and  Mag.  N.  H.  (6),  x,  p.  288. 

2.  Celcenorhinus  macrostictus  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

•}.  Saranifesa  exprompta  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

4.  "  motozioides  Holl..  Ann.  and  Mag.  N.  H.  (6),  x,  p.  288. 

5.  (female). 

6.  Eagris fuscosa  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

7.  Sarangesa  siikalbida  Holl.,  sp.  nov.  (underside). 

8.  A'titrciis  jolnistonii  Bull.,  P.  Z.  S.,  1887,  p.  573. 

9.  Eagris  dekastigma  Mab.,  C.  K.  Soc.  Ent.  Helg.,  1891,  p.-lxii. 
10.  Acleros  substrigata  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

it.  (underside). 

12.  Gaitgara  (?)  basis/ri^u  Holl.,  sp.  nov.  (underside). 

13.  Part/am  itnis/ri^a   Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

14.  (underside). 

15.  (tastroclucta  uiahillci  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 

16.  (underside). 

17.  Carystns  (/)  thersaudcr  Mal>.,  Ann.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.  (6),  x,  p.  30. 

1 8.  Parnara melphis  Holl.,  sp.  nov. 


32  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [January, 


OBITUARY. 

Mr.  WILHELM  JULICH  died  Nov.  8,  1893,  in  New  York  City,  aged  54 
years,  of  cerebro-spinal  meningitis.  Mr.  Jiilich's  death  was  as  unexpected 
by  his  own  family  as  it  was  by  his  many  friends,  to  whom  the  news  of  his 
sudden  demise  came  as  a  great  shock.  He  was  a  man  of  robust  health, 
and  while  not  feeling  his  best  for  some  days,  believed  that  his  energy  and 
will  power  would  carry  him  through,  as  it  had  done  before  under  more 
trying  circumstances.  On  Tuesday,  November  jth,  he  declared  his  in- 
tention of  going  out  to  vote,  and  it  was  only  the  timely  arrival  of  his 
physican  that  prevented  him  from  doing  so.  Wednesday  evening  he  be- 
came unconscious,  and  passed  away  peacefully  about  midnight.  Mr. 
Jiilich  was  born  at  Rhine-Pfaltz,  Germany,  and  came  to  this  country  at 
the  age  of  fifteen,  residing  continuously  from  that  time  in  New  York  City. 
He  was  appreciated  for  his  good  qualities  by  a  large  number  of  entomol- 
ogists who  are  not  limited  to  New  York,  he  being  an  honorary  member 
both  of  the  Brooklyn  Institute  and  of  the  Newark  Ento.  Society,  as  well 
as  of  the  New  York  Ento.  Society.  His  labors  in  Entomology  had  been 
chiefly  in  Lepidoptera  up  to  some  fifteen  years  ago,  at  which  time  he 
began  to  devote  his  attention  more  exclusively  to  Coleoptera,  of  which 
he  had  a  collection,  beautifully  mounted  and  arranged,  of  over  10,000 
specimens.  He  contributed  a  number  of  valuable  and  interesting  articles 
on  his  favorite  study  to  the  various  entomological  journals,  principally  to 
'' Entomologica  Americana."  He  was  a  member  of  the  ist  Regiment 
N.  Y.  Volunteers,  and  served  two  years  in  defence  of  his  adopted  country, 
was  severely  wounded  at  Chantilly,  and  lay  several  months  in  the  hospital 
at  Washington.  On  one  occasion  his  entomological  pursuits  came  near 
costing  him  his  life.  He  was  captured  while  trying  to  return  inside  the 
Union  lines  without  -the  countersign,  and  arrested  as  a  spy.  When  he 
appeared  before  the  court-martial,  his  story  that  he  had  been  catching 
insects  was  not  appreciated  until  he  produced  his  bottles  and  displayed 
the  "  Kiifers,"  etc.,  they  contained.  His  old  commander,  General  Sigel, 
made  a  short  and  impressive  address  over  his  remains,  in  which  he  voiced 
the  general  regret  that  would  be  felt  by  the  many  friends  who  loved  and 
honored  him,  and  by  whom  his  memory  would  be  long  cherished.  He 
was  buried  November  lotli  in  the  Lutheran  Cemetery,  Brooklyn,  L.  I., 
with  appropriate  military  honors. 

C.  FREIHERR  vox  GUMPPENBERG,  lepidopterist  and  postmaster  at 
Bamberg,  Germany. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  December,  1893,  was  mailed  Dec.  7,  1893. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.  v.  FEBRUARY,   1894.  No.  2. 

CONTENTS: 


Wickham— Habits    of    some    Oceanic  Economic  Entomology 44 

Hemiptera 33  Notes  and  N#ws 47 

Wiley— Butterflies  of  Miles  City,  Mont.  36  Entomological  Literature 51 

Holland— Small  coll.  of  Butterflies,  etc.  39  Entomological  Section 57 

Wenzel— Hispini  found  in  New  Jersey.  40  Holland— West  African  Dysgoniidfe....  57 

Horn— Synonymical  notes 41  Cockerell— New  scale  insect  on  Agave.  59 

Editorial 42  Dyar— Desc.  of  certain  Geom.  Larvae...  60- 


ON  THE  HABITS  OF  SOME  OCEANIC  HEMIPTERA. 

By  H.   F.   WICKHAM,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

The  pelagic  oceanic  Hemiptera  have  possessed  great  interest 
for  naturalists  since  their  first  description  by  Eschscholtz  in  1822, 
The  fact  of  their  being  found  usually  far  from  land  and  appearing 
only  in  pleasant  weather  has  tended  to  cause  a  scarcity  in  collec- 
tions and  comparatively  few  entomologists  have  had  an  oppor- 
'  tunity  to  study  them  in  life.  The  report  of  Dr.  Buchanan  White,. 
one  of  the  "Challenger"  series,  formed  a  part  of  the  library 
taken  to  the  Bahamas  by  the  recent  University  Expedition  (of 
which  the  writer  was  a  member)  and  awakened  a  desire  to  add 
something  to  the  knowledge  of  these  curious  creatures. 

Though  a  careful  watch  was  kept  for  them,  not  one  was  seen 
until  June  22d,  forty-seven  days  out  of  port;  on  that  date,  soon 
after  noon,  three  or  four  specimens  were  seen  skimming  over  the 
surface  of  the  water  after  the  fashion  of  our  common  Hygrotre- 
chus,  but  with  extremely  rapid  movement,  so  that  the  note-book 
entry  was  made—  "  any  attempt  to  catch  these  insects  with  hand- 
nets  from  the  deck  of  the  schooner  would  be  vain."  On  the 
24th  they  were  seen  again  (in  both  cases  off  Key  West),  but  no 
captures  could  be  made.  The  sea  was  almost  perfectly  calm,  not 
enough  breeze  stirring  to  fill  the  sails. 


34  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

On  the  second  of  July,  while  at  anchor  near  the  Sand  Key 
Light,  a  few  were  seen  near  the  vessel  between  three  and  four 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  By  getting  into  a  boat  which  was  lying 
alongside,  no  difficulty  was  experienced  in  capturing  two  or  three 
that  came  within  reach  of  the  net.  The  next  day,  while  the  ves- 
sel was  under  way  with  quite  a  pleasant  breeze,  they  were  seen 
again,  before  seven  o'clock  in  the  morning,  skimming  about  the 
bows.  Two  or  three  were  again  taken  by  sitting  in  the  chains 
under  the  bow-sprit  and  "jabbing"  at  them  with  a  crab-net  lined 
with  bolting  cloth,  as  often  as  one  crossed  our  course.  By  eight 
o'clock  they  were  less  numerous.  With  the  aid  of  the  Report, 
previously  mentioned,  they  were  determined  as  Halobates  wuller- 
storjfi  Frauenf. ,  a  name  afterwards  verified  by  Mr.  O.  Heidemann, 
of  Washington. 

The  following  day  more  of  them  were  seen  in  Lat.  24°  24'  N. , 
Lo-ng.  79°  49'  W.  Immediately  after  dinner,  when  the  water 
was  still,  except  for  a  smooth  swell,  a  specimen  was  caught  in  a 
crab-net  and  turned  loose,  without  being  touched  by  the  fingers, 
into  a  tub  of  salt  water  on  the  deck.  The  insect  at  once  com- 
menced to  scud  around  on  the  surface  with  movements  so  rapid 
that  the  eye  could  not  follow  them,  and  any  observations  on  the 
mode  of  locomotion  were  out  of  the  question.  In  a  few  minutes 
partial  exhaustion  succeeded  these  violent  exertions,  and  it  was 
then  seen  that  the  long  middle  pair  of  feet  did  nearly  all  the  work 
of  progression,  the  anterior  pair  being  carried  folded  up  (nearly) 
and  projecting  forwards,  a  little  to  each  side  of  the  head.  The 
antennae  point  forwards  and  outwards,  forming  a  V.  When  the 
bug  tires,  the  muscles  at  the  insertion  of  the  legs  appear  to  weaken 
first,  and  the  body  is  let  down  on  to  the  water.  It  there  rests  in 
very  much  the  position  shown  in  Mr.  Walker's  figure  in  the 
"  Entom.  Monthly  Magazine"  for  October,  1893,  though  my 
sketches,  made  on  the  spot,  show  sharper  angles  at  all  the  knee 
joints.  The  same  position  is  not  always  maintained,  however, 
by  different  specimens. 

The  movements  of  a  tired  specimen  were  as  follows:  in  making 
a  stroke  the  middle  legs  were  brought  forward  until  the  tips  were 
about  on  a  line  with  the  head.  They  were  then  rapidly  brought 
back  so  as  to  nearly  touch  the  tips  of  the  hind  pair,  which  were 
moved  comparatively  but  little.  The  posterior  feet  seem  to  be 
used  to  steer  with  rather  than  as  an  aid  in  progression.  The  four 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  35 

legs  work  in  unison,  not  alternately,  i.  e.  the  middle  legs  keep 
time  with  each  other  and  with  the  hinder  pair.  The  tips  of  the 
legs  rest  on  the  water,  and  are  not  immersed  in  it  so  that  the  little 
hollows  near  each,  caused  by  the  weight  of  the  insect,  can  plainly 
be  seen.  With  captive  specimens  sunlight  acted  as  a  stimulant, 
and  evoked  activity,  which  was  lessened  by  shade. 

One  Halobates  was  then  placed  in  a  tightly  corked  bottle,  tilled, 
when  immersed,  so  as  to  make  certain  that  no  air  was  enclosed, 
except  the  thin  film  which  invested  the  insect.  This  was  done  at 
1.22  p.  m.,  and  at  1.30  was  witnessed  what  was  then  supposed  to 
be  the  final  struggle  with  death  ;  after  the  expiration  of  four 
minutes  this  recommenced,  and  was  continued  at  irregular  inter- 
vals until  1.43,  after  which  no  more  were  seen  until  1.48,  at  which 
time  a  tiny  bubble  of  air  made  its  way  from  the  cork,  and  at  1.58 
another  of  these  bubbles  evoked  a  feeble  struggle,  the  last.  When 
finally  removed  to  the  alcohol  bottle,  not  a  movement  could  be 
detected,  and  the  insect  was  undoubtedly  drowned.  This  would 
appear  to  antagonize  the  theory  that  they  stay  beneath  the  sur- 
face in  stormy  weather.  I  also  noticed,  with  several  specimens, 
that  they  could  (or  would?)  only  dive  after  being  wet  so  that 
"skimming"  was  impossible,  but  this  does  not  agree  with  the 
observations  of  other  naturalists,  and  I  recognize  its  practical 
worthlessness  as  purely  negative  evidence. 

No  more  Halobates  were  seen  during  the  trip,  though  on  the 
1 5th  of  July  some  little  water  bugs,  at  first  taken  for  the  larvae 
of  Halobates,  were  noticed  at  the  extrance  of  the  Spanish  Wells 
harbor,  skimming  about  on  the  surface  of  the  water.  Several 
pairs  were  observed  in  coitu  and  directed  suspicion  to  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  reference — -so  Mr.  Heidemann  looked  up  the 
matter  and  found  them  to  be  Rhagovelia  collaris  Burm.,  hitherto 
supposed  to  be  a  fresh  water  species  exclusively.  Fortunately, 
•one  couple  was  taken  in  the  net,  and  did  not  separate  on  being 
placed  in  a  tub  for  examination,  so  the  following  details  were  ob- 
served: The  male  rests  rather  tar  back  on  the  female,  his  head 
reaching  to  a  point  immediately  above  the  insertion  of  her  mid- 
dle legs.  His  anterior  legs  are  then  extended  forward  and  bent 
at  the  "knee"  nearly  at  right  angles,  so  as  to  clasp  the  female 
thorax  a  little  in  front  of  the  widest  portion  in  such  a  way  as  to 
prevent  his  sliding  off.  All  progression  is  then  performed  by  the 
female,  the  male  resting  quietly  on  her  back.  His  hold  was  very 


36  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

firm,  as  the  female  soon  made  frantic  efforts  to  kick  him  off  with 
her  feet,  and  finally  began  to  turn  somersaults  in  (not  on)  the 
water  in  the  attempt,  presumably,  to  get  rid  of  her  mate,  who, 
however,  held  on  even  after  the  pair  was  placed  in  alcohol. 

It  was  noticed,  with  the  exception  given  above,  that  only  those 
specimens  wetted  by  handling  would  dive  at  all.  Those  that 
were  unable  to  keep  afloat  by  being  thus  thoroughly  wet,  soon 
die  and  sink  quite  to  the  bottom  of  the  vessel  in  which  they  may 
be  confined.  Some  only  partially  wetted  were  able  to  keep  very 
close  to  the  surface,  but  floated  on  their  backs  and  were  appar- 
ently unable  to  right  themselves. 

The  question  of  the  disposition  that  these  insects  make  of 
themselves  during  storms  may  be  regarded  as  still  unsettled, 
since  it  seems  that  wetting  in  many  cases  means  death.  Mr. 
Walker*  thinks  that  they  dive  in  rough  weather,  and  only  come 
up  when  it  is  absolutely  calm,  but  the  observations  recorded  above 
make  this  conclusion  seem  unlikely  for  some  of  the  species  at 
least — -though  his  theory  is  by  no  means  disproven,  especially 
when  attention  is  given  to  the  apparent  impossibility  of  the  insect 
riding  out  a  severe  storm  on  the  surface  of  the  water  without 
beine  wetted. 


•s 

o- 


BUTTERFLIES  AT  MILES  CITY,  MONTANA. 

By  C.   A.   WILEY. 

A  barren  country  surrounds  Miles  City,  the  centre  of  the  great 
grazing  territory  of  eastern  Montana,  a  country  of  prairie  and 
badlands  with  little  verdure  other  than  that  on  the  immediate 
border  of  the  rivers  and  in  the  creek  bottoms. 

Here  a  lover  of  groves  and  forests  must  be  content  with  a  va- 
riety of  trees  that  might  easily  be  enumerated  on  his  ten  fingers, 
and  but  few  of  even  these. 

Cottonwoods,  broken  and  scrawny,  are  the  only  trees  of  large 
size  near  the  city,  but  as  one  penetrates  the  country  to  the  heads 
of  the  Yellowstone's  many  tributaries,  he  meets  with  ash,  elm, 
box-elder  and  willows,  all  native  varieties,  and  differing  some- 
what from  the  same  trees  of  the  eastern  States. 

In  the  badlands  and  in  the  hilly  sections  are  pines  and  cedars 
also,  but  the  majority  of  our  country  is  a  vast  prairie,  grass 

*  Entom.  Mo.  Mag.,  second  series,  vol.  iv,  p.  231. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  37 

clothed,  but  bare  of  tree  or  shrub  (the  ever-present  sage-brush 
excepted)  and  parched  by  the  sun  from  July  until  Winter. 

What  limited  amount  of  shrubbery  does  occur  is  also  confined 
to  the  water-courses.  We  have  our  native  choke-cherry,  wild- 
rose,  plum,  willow,  snowberry,  buffaloberry,  greasewood  and 
sagebrush,  a  meagre  list  indeed,  when  compared  to  the  hundreds 
of  shrubs  and  bushes  abounding  in  most  eastern  localities.  All 
vegetation  without  it.  may  be  grasses  and  wild  flowers  occurs 
with  us  in  but  the  most  limited  variety.  We  have  no  woods,  no 
swamps,  no  hedges.  What  wonder  then  that  the  entomologist's 
hopes  are  saddened  as  he  realizes  that  a  corresponding  dearth 
•exists  among  his  favored  and  busv  tribes! 

I  wonder  who  can  recount  the  exact  number  of  Papilios  he  has 
seen  during  three  years  past?  It  is  my  good  (?)  fortune  to  have 
seen  just  fourteen  during  that  period.  In  the  season  of  1891  I 
saw  but  one,  it  was  one  of  the  Turnus  group,  probably  rutulus 
or  daunus,  its  rapid  flight,  however,  baffled  detection.  In  May 
of  this  year  while  returning  from  our  ranch,  on  horseback,  a  dis- 
tance of  about  one  hundred  miles,  I  saw  another  of  this  same 
group,  but  was  unable  to  capture  it.  During  this  trip,  also,  I 
counted  nine  zolicaon,  only  one  of  which  was  not  in  rapid  flight 
across  country;  this  one,  a  female,  was  depositing  her  eggs  on 
our  native  wild  parsnips,  and  I  caught  her  easily,  and  obtained 
some  twenty  eggs,  which  I  reared  on  cultivated  parsnips  in  my 
garden.  The  only  other  Papilio  seen  this  year  was  one  related 
to  zolicaon,  but  had  none  of  the  prominent  show  of  yellow  so 
characteristic  of  that  species  when  on  the  wing.  What  it  may 
have  been  I  cannot  say. 

Finally,  two  specimens  of  zolicaon  taken  on  the  summit  of 
Signal  Butte,  near  this  city,  on  May  30,  1892,  complete  the 
number.  1  cite  my  experience  with  the  Papilios  to  give  a  gen- 
eral idea  of  the  scarcity  of  species  occurring  here. 

A  few  species  of  Colias,  Pieris,  Euptoieta,  Phyciodes  and  Ly- 
t(zna  occur  here,  however,  in  sufficient  abundance  not  to  be  called 
rare.  There  exists  an  unusually  localized  distribution  among 
most  species  here,  which  doubtless  results  from  a  similar  localiza- 
tion of  the  food-plants,  many  of  which  are  to  be  found  only  near 
flowing  springs  or  other  sources  of  moisture.  The  Satyrids, 
Pamphila,  and  other  prairie  varieties,  however,  may  be  met  with 
in  country  of  almost  any  character,  as  also  may  such  ranging 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 


[February,. 


species  as  the  Argynnids,  Pyrameis  cardui  or  Danais  archippits , 
This  season  has  proven  an  unusually  productive  one,  and  fully 
twice  the  number  of  butterflies  were  on  the  wing  this  year  than 
appeared  in  either  1891  or  1892. 

Our  climate  and  soil  are  so  dry  that  no  agriculture  is  successful 
without  irrigation,  and  I  attribute  this  season's  productiveness 
in  the  Lepidoptera  of  this  immediate  vicinity  to  systems  of  artifi- 
cial irrigation  which  have  been  in  successful  operation  here  only 
the  last  two  seasons,  and  no  doubt  all  insect  life  so  dependent 
upon  vegetation,  will  steadily  increase  as  the  amount  and  variety 
of  plant-life  is  multiplied  year  by  year  by  the  introduction  of 
agriculture  under  our  irrigation  systems  along  the  Tongue  and 
Yellowstone  River  bottoms. 

In  the  interest  of  the  readers  of  the  ENT.  NEWS  I  append  a 
list  of  the  species  of  diurnals  that  I  have  taken  about  Miles  City 
during  a  three  years'  residence  here  : 


Papilio  zolicaon,  rare. 
Pieris  rapce,  common. 

protodice. 

Anthrocharis  olympia,  not  rare. 
Colias  eurytheme,  common. 

"     eripkyle,  common. 
Danais  archippus,  rare. 
Argynnis  idalia,  one  9  •,  differ- 
ing a  little  from  eastern  spec. 
Argynnis  edwardsii,  not  com. 
nevadensis       ' ' 
cypris,  rare, 
sp.,  one. 

Euptoieta  claudia,    one   of  the 
most     common      (averaging 
small  in  size). 
Melitcea,     three    species  ;     not 

common  and  local. 
Pkyciodes  tharos,  rather  com. 
car/ota,  quite  com. 
Grapta  zephyrus,  one. 
Vanessa  antiopa,  not  common. 
californica,  one. 
milberti,  rare. 
Pyrameis  cardui,  not  rare. 

?  sp.  nov.  sp.,  pos- 
sibly Hy.  Edw.  hybrid  carya? 
et  atlanta. 


Limenitis  weidmeycrii,  rare  and 

local. 
Limenitis  disippus,  rare  and 

local. 
Ccenonympha  ochracea,  rather 

common. 

Satyrits  alope-olympus,  rare. 
cetus,  rare. 
charon,  rather  com. 
Chionobas  varuna,  several  spec- 
imens taken  at  ranch  in  July 
100  miles  east  of  Miles  City. 
Thccla  niphoji,  rare  and  local. 
Chrysophanus  hypophlceas,  not 

rare. 

Ckrysophanus  rubidus,  rare. 
Lyctena  melissa,  common. 
Pamphila,  two  or  three  species, 

all  rare. 
Pyrgns  tessellata,  common. 

sp.,  not  common. 
Pholisora  catullus,  common. 
Eudamus  tityrus,  one. 
sp.  one. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  39 

Notes  upon  a  Small  Collection  of  Butterflies  from 
Serra  f.Sjerra>,  Timor-Laut. 

By  W.  J.  HOLLAND,  Ph.D.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend,  Mr.  Robert  M.  Grey.  I 
have  been  able  to  add  to  my  collection  a  number  of  specimens 
received  by  him  from  a  friend  who  obtained  them  from  Serra,  the 
small  rocky  island,  which  lies  at  the  northern  entrance  of  the 
strait,  which  separates  northern  and  southern  Timor-Laut.  The 
species  received  are  the  following':  Chanapa  sacerdos  Bud., 
Danais  hamata  Macleay,  Hypolimnas  forbesii  Bull.,  Precis  c.\- 
pansa  Butl.,  Doleschallia  pratipa  Cram.,  Rhinopalpa  sabina 
Cram.,  Delias  timorensis  Boisd.,  Terias  maroensis  Butl.,  Belenois 
pitys  Godt.,  Catopsilia  scylla  Linn.,  Papilio  aberrans  Butl.,  and 
Eidhalia  ainanda  Hew. 

The  most  of  these  species  have  been  already  recorded  from  the 
Timor-Laut  group,  and  the  species  credited  to  Mr.  Butler  were 
described  by  him  from  the  collections  made  by  the  naturalist 
Forbes  during  his  visit  to  the  islands.  To  Mr.  Butler  I  am  under 
obligations  for  having  aided  me  in  the  determination  of  some  of 
them.  The  presence  of  Euthalia  amanda  Hew.,  in  the  collection 
is  very  remarkable.  Mr.  Doherty,  who  has  seen  the  specimens, 
has  expressed  great  surprise  at  the  fact  that  the  collection  should 
contain  a  specimen  of  this  genus,  and  is  inclined  to  think  that 
there  is  an  error  in  the  locality  label.  But  all  the  specimens  were 
received  at  one  time,  in  one  parcel,  all  labeled  in  the  same  hand- 
writing, and  all  had  explicitly  written  upon  them  "  Sjerra,  Feb. 
1893,"  in  a  bold  and  distinct  hand.  If  the  collector  was  correct, 
as  there  is  a  strong  presumption  that  he  was,  the  discovery  of 
the  genus  Euthalia  in  Timor  marks  the  southernmost  extension 
of  the  genus  thus  far  recorded  in  the  annals  of  research.  As  the 
genus  is  not  represented,  so  far  as  is  at  present  known,  in  any 
of  the  islands  nearer  Timor-Laut  than  Celebes,  the  presence  in 
Serra  of  E.  amanda,  originally  described  by  Hewitson  from 
Borneo,  is  a  remarkable  fact  in  distribution. 


VOL.  VI,  No.  2,  of  "  Insect  Life"  should  be  of  great  interest  to  the 
economic  entomologist,  as  it  is  almost  entirely  made  up  <>t  tin-  p;ip<  rs 
read  at  the  meeting  of  Economic  Entomologists  held  at  Madison,  Wis., 
Aug.  14-16,  1893;  the  number  contains  147  p  iges. 


40  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

LIST  OF  THE  HISPINI  FOUND  IN  NEW  JERSEY. 

By  H.  W.  WENZEL,   Phila.,  Pa. 

The  following-  species  of  Hispini  were  taken  at  Da  Costa,  At- 
lantic County,  N.  J.,  in  a  radius  of  not  more  than  one  mile: 

Microrhopala  excavata  (Oliv.)  Odontota  rubra  (Web.) 
Odontota  notata  (Olivr.)  nervosa  (Panz.) 

scapularis  (Oliv.)  Charistena  nigrita  (Oliv.) 
bicolor  (Oliv. )  "  ariadne  (Newm.) 

horni  (Smith)  Stenispa  mctallica  (Fab.) 
dorsalis  (Thumb.) 

Since  the  publication  of  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith's  catalogue  of  the 
insects  of  New  Jersey,  through  careful  collecting  many  unre- 
corded species  of  Coleoptera  have  been  added,  especially  from 
collections  made  in  south  Jersey,  in  the  sandy  pine-barren  re- 
gion, where  large  districts  are  entirely  unexplored,  and  where 
probably  much  more  valuable  material  will  be  obtained. 

The  flora  of  this  small  district,  in  which  all  the  species  in  the 
above  list  were  taken,  is  very  extensive,  hence  a  large  collection 
is  always  looked  for  by  the  collector. 

This  list  of  Hispini  from  Da  Costa  adds  four  species  to  the  list, 
besides  including  all  the  species  mentioned  in  Prof.  Smith's  cata- 
logue, except  Microrhopala  vittata,  which  is  found  very  common 
along  the  coast  during  July.  M.  xerene,  which  is  also  very  com- 
mon in  some  localities  along  the  Delaware  River  during  June, 
where  large  numbers  ot  the  species  can  be  taken.  Both  species 
feed  on  similar  plants  found  in  wet  places. 

M.  porcata  is  the  only  species  I  never  captured,  and  is  recorded 
from  Hudson  County  by  Mr.  M.  L.  Linell. 

This  list  is  remarkable  not  only  for  the  number  of  species 
found,  but  is  also  interesting  in  regard  to  the  geographical  dis- 
tribution that  some  of  the  species  possess. 

In  a  communication  from  Mr.  Dike,  who  writes  me  of  Odon- 
tota horni,  "  I  have  a  single  specimen  which  I  took  in  Virginia. 
O.  notata  I  have  only  from  Florida,  and  did  not  think  it  would 
be  found  in  New  Jersey." 

Odontota  horni  also  occurs  in  Texas  (Mr.  Charles  Liebeck's 
collection).  Of  Odonlota  bicolor  I  received  specimens  from  Mr. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  41 

Morrison,  collected  in  Arizona;  also  have  specimens  from  Dela- 
ware County,  Pa.,  collected  by  Mr.  Charles  Johnson,  also  from 
Newark,  N.  J. 

Odontota  horni  and   O.  notata   are  found  on  the  same  plant, 
Tephrosia  virgmJana,  commonly  known  as  Goats  Rue. 

Of  all  the  species  mentioned,  none  were  found  unique. 

o 

SYNONYMICAL  NOTES. 
By  GEORGE  H.  HORN,  M.  D. 

In  a  recent  study  of  the  Coleoptera  of  the  Peninsula  of  Cali- 
fornia my  attention  was  called  particularly  to  an  arrangement  of 
the  species  of  Conibius  and  Notibius  published  by  Capt.  Casey 
(Ann.  N.  Y.  Acad.  Sc.  vj.  With  the  exception  of  two  species, 
all  those  heretofore  placed  in  the  latter  genus  have  been  trans- 
ferred to  Conibins,  making  the  latter  heterogeneous,  and  requir- 
ing the  formation  of  a  genus  Conibiosoma,  which  cannot  in  any 
way  be  maintained.  There  have  been  at  the  same  time  two  spe- 
cies of  Notibius  named  which  are  not  separable  from  puberulus 
{substriatus  and  laticeps},  both  being  simply  feeble  variations 
from  our  assumed  type. 

Aphanotus  has  also  had  a  new  name  added  to  it,  the  species 
being  separated  bythe  apparently  very  good  character  of  having 
the  eyes  divided  by  the  sides  of  the  head  in  brevicornis  and  not 
divided  in  parallelus.  Usually  such  a  character  is  believed  to 
have  generic  value,  but  in  the  present  instance  has  no  value  what- 
ever, as  there  are  in  my  series  three  specimens  in  which  one  eye 
is  completely  divided,  and  in  the  other  not.  The  remarkable 
coincidence  is,  that  in  the  three  specimens  the  right  eye  is  the 
divided  one,  the  left  not. 


IN  July,  1893,  while  collecting  in  a  garden  in  Cambridge,  Mass. ,  a  friend 
of  mine  caught  a  bright,  fresh  specimen  of  Papilio  philcnor  (  Linn), 
which  had  evidently  come  from  larva  grown  in  the  immediate  vicinity. 
The  seeming  scarcity  of  this  butterfly  in  this  part  of  New  England  has 
prompted  the  recording  of  the  above  instance  of  its  occurrence  here.— 
S.  \V.  DENTON. 

THE  annual  report  of  the  Curator  (Alexander  Agassiz)  of  the  Museum 
of  Comparative  Zoology  at  Harvard  College  for  1892-93  states  that  in 
1876,  Dr.  Hagen  refused  an  urgent  invitation  to  assume  charge  of  the 
entomological  collection  of  the  University  of  Berlin. 


42  [February, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
lain  no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  81.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

gg^"  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,   FEBRUARY,   1894. 

IN  the  NEWS  for  October,  1893,  p.  266,  we  published  an  editorial  on  the 
transmission  of  specimens  of  Natural  History  in  the  mails  of  the  Universal 
Postal  Union.  It  was  there  stated  that  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences 
of  Philadelphia  had  resolved  to  address  scientific  bodies  in  certain  coun- 
tries therein  named,  and  ask  them  to  request  their  respective  governments 
to  favorably  reconsider  a  proposition,  made  by  the -United  States  Post- 
office,  to  admit  such  specimens  to  the  mails  of  the  Union  under  the  rates 
for  "samples  of  merchandise."  The  Academy  caused  circulars  to  be 
printed,  whose  language  in  many  respects  was  identical  with  that  of  our 
editorial,  and  sent  them  to  various  societies.  Copies  of  the  circular  were 
also  sent  to  scientific  journals,  in  some  of  which  it  has  already  been 
printed. 

The  publication  of  this  circular  in  "Science"  and  in  "Nature"  has 
called  forth  some  adverse  criticism.  Specific  replies  thereto  have  been 
prepared,  and  will  doubtless  soon  appear  in  those  journals.  Here  we 
merely  wish  to  state  the  faults  found  and  the  nature  of  the  rejoinders. 

The  critic  in  "Science"  is  Mr.  YV.  Hague  Harrington,  the  well-known 
Canadian  entomologist.  He  believes  that  the  trouble  lies  not  with  the 
countries  who  have  rejected  the  proposition  of  the  United  States  Post- 
office,  but  with  the  latter  by  not  arranging  a  "  Parcels  Post"  with  th<>s, 
countries,  such  as  many  of  those  countries  already  have  between  them- 
selves. The  reply  to  this  is  furnished  by  an  official  letter  from  Mr.  N.  M. 
Brooks,  Superintendent  of  Foreign  Mails,  U.  S.  P.  O.,  in  which  it  is  stated 
that  the  lowest  charge  in  Great  Britain  on  a  parcels-post  package  "  weigh- 
ing 3  pounds  or  less  addressed  for  delivery  in  Belgium  is  i  shilling  3  pence 
(=  30  cents),  and  to  France  i  shilling  4  pence  (=  32  cents),  while  in 
Canada  the  charge  for  a  pound  or  less  would  be  to  Belgium  46  cents,  and 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  45 

to  France  48  cents."  "Under  present  conditions  a  package  weighing 
4>^  ounces  may  be  sent  from  Canada  to  Belgium  or  France  as  a  Ictit-r 
upon  the  payment  of  45  cents  ;  as  a  Parcels-Post  package  the  charge 
would  be  46  and  48  cents  respectively;  as  a  'sample'  the  charge  \voukl 
be  3  cents,"  that  is,  at  the  rate  of  one  cent  for  every  two  ounces. 

Mr.  Robert  McLachlan,  the  noted*  British  authority  on  the  Neuroptera, 
is  the  critic  in  "Nature."  While  commending  the  movement,  he  also 
regrets  that  the  United  States  has  not  a  Parcels  Post,  as  he  says  that  the 
sample-post  can  only  be  used  for  small  packets.  As  shown  in  the  above 
quotation  from  Mr.  Brook's  letter,  all  parcels-post  packages  sent  from 
Great  Britain,  weighing  less  than  three  pounds,  must  pay  the  three-pounds 
rate.  By  far  the  most  of  the  packages  sent  by  naturalists  to  each  other 
weigh  less  than  three  pounds,  and  a  large  number  weigh  less  than  one 
pound,  this  estimate  excluding  alcoholic  specimens  which  are  unmailablc. 
Whatever  view  may  be  held  as  to  the  desirability  of  the  adoption  of  a 
Parcels  Post  by  the  United  States,  it  must  be  evident  that  a  Universal 
Sample  Post  for  specimens  of  Natural  History  is  of  equal,  if  not,  as  is 
our  opinion,  of  far  greater  importance. 


DIASPIS  LANATUS. — This  injurious  scale-insect  has  hitherto  been  re- 
corded from  Jamaica  (where  it  is  common)  and  Antigua.  Two  West  Indian 
localities  may  now  be  added  : — Trinidad  (  Port  of  Spain,  on  Caricapapaya, 
found  by  Mr.  Urich  ),  and  Grand  Cayman  (on  oleander,  coll.  11.  Mac- 
Dermot,  com.  Prof.  Townsend).  It  has  also  been  discovered  in  more 
than  one  locality  in  the  United  States,  as  will  be  described  in  the  annual 
report  of  the  Dept.  Agriculture  for  1893.  But  the  more  particular  purpose 
of  this  note  is  to  state  that  the  Antigua  record  must  be  canceled,  being 
founded  on  an  error.  Long  ago  Mr.  Barber  sent  me  some  scales  from 
Antigua  on  Heliotrope,  the  9  scales  crowded  on  the  stems,  white  with 
brownish  exuviae,  which  were  near  the  edge,  but  not  on  it.  The  shape 
of  the  scales  was  oval,  about  4  mm.  long  and  3  wide.  With  these  were 
small,  white,  tricarinate  r^  scales.  This  insect  I  regarded  as  a  new  (  liin- 
iiaspis,  which  I  named  in  MS.  C.  major.  Later,  on  comparing  the  9 
insect  with  that  of  Diaspis  lanatiis,  I  found  great  similarity,  although  the 
produced  segments  on  each  side  of  the  C.  major  were  fringed  with  nu- 
merous spine-like  plates — a  feature  not  nearly  so  strongly  developed  in 
typical  D.  /ana/its.  On  the  whole,  I  concluded  that  the  insect  must  be  a 
variety  of  D.  /ana/us,  and  that  the  trirarinate  c?  scales  found  with  it  did 
not  belong  to  it.  Lately,  having  sent  some  of  the  C.  major  to  Washing- 
ton, Mr.  Howard  protests  that  it  cannot  be  />.  /n/m/its ;  and  on  reconsid- 
ering the  matter  I  believe  he  is  right,  and  that  it  is  a  new  Chioiiaspi* •  alter 
all.  D.  /anatns,  therefore,  is  at  present  unknown  in  the  Lesser  Antilles, 
and  C.  major  is  to  be  added  to  the  West  Indian  list  of"  ("or<  id;e.  It  is 
intended  to  publish  fuller  details  concerning  it  at  some  future  time.— 

T.    D.  A.   COCKEKELL. 


44  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [February, 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 


Legislation  Against  Insects. — This  subject  is  not  a  new  one  by  any  man- 
ner of  means,  and  has  attracted  attention  in  several  States  of  the  Union, 
notably  California  and  Massachusetts.  In  the  latter  State  legislation 
•extends  only  in  the  direction  of  an  attempt  to  exterminate  the  Gypsy  moth. 
In  California  the  interest  of  the  growers  of  the  Citrus  fruits  have  been  the 
prime  consideration.  I  am  not  aware  that  in  any  State  there  exist  laws 
which  can  be  made  applicable  to  compel  the  destruction  of  insects  of  all 
kinds,  and  certainly  nowhere  is  there  any  legislation  that  has  proved  abso- 
lutely successful.  I  have  already  touched  upon  this  subject  in  this  depart- 
ment, and  have  indicated  that  there  has  been  a  growing  demand  among 
the  more  intelligent  farmers  and  especially  fruit-growers,  for  some  method 
of  compelling  a  general  attention  to  insect  injury  and  the  adoption  of 
measures  for  the  destruction  of  injurious  species.  It  happens  altogether 
too  often  that  the  careful  farmer  who  does  all  that  it  is  possible  for  him  to 
do  to  prevent  injury  upon  his  own  domain,  finds  that  his  efforts  are  to  a 
large  extent  made  useless  by  the  fact  that  some  of  his  neighbors  do  not 
adopt  similar  measures  and  annually  raise  on  their  land  a  sufficient  num- 
ber of  insects  to  supply  the  entire  vicinity.  Therefore,  instead  of  finding 
his  task  lightened  year  by  year,  through  a  gradual  reduction  of  the  injuri- 
ous species,  he  finds  that  the  supply  is  fairly  well  kept  up  through  no  fault 
of  his  own.  A  man  finding  himself  in  that  position,  naturally  seeks  for 
some  method  of  compelling  his  neighbor  so  to  use  his  property  as  not  to 
damage  him,  and  the  question  has  been  brought  up  in  the  agricultural 
societies  in  New  Jersey  for  some  time  past,  resulting  finally  in  the  appoint- 
ment of  a  committee  by  the  State  Horticultural  Society  to  inquire  into 
the  possibility  of  preparing  a  law  which  was  enforcable,  and  which  enforced 
would  accomplish  the  result  aimed  at.  Of  this  committee  the  writer  was 
a  member,  and  the  investigations  made  resulted  in  the  conviction  that  it 
would  be  an  extremely  difficult  matter  to  procure  the  enforcement  of  any 
law  on  the  subject ;  but  as  laws  were  demanded  an  act  was  drafted  which 
it  was  believed  would  avoid  some  of  the  objection  made  to  other  similar 
legislation,  and  which  would  not  be  a  dead-letter  where  there  was  suffi- 
cient public  sentiment  to  secure  its  enforcement. 

In  the  first  place,  it  was  believed  that  the  sentiment  against  informers 
on  the  part  of  juries,  and  indeed  justices  as  well,  was  so  strong,  as  a  char- 
acter who  sought  to  derive  a  profit  from  even  the  illegal  acts  of  his  neigh- 
bors, that  it  would  be  difficult  to  secure  a  conviction  on  any  testimony 
given  or  secured  by  him. 

In  the  second  place,  it  was  decided  that  the  act  should  be  called  into 
effect  only  through  the  action — first  of  the  County  Boards  of  Agriculture, 
and  afterward  through  the  action  of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  or  its 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  45 

Executive  Committee,  in  this  way  throwing  the  burden  of  enforcing  the 
act  upon  the  official  organization  of  the  farmers  in  the  State,  and  making 
whatever  penalties  were  collected  subject  to  the  general  purposes  of  the 
organized  agriculturists  of  the  State.  No  compensation  except  such  as 
the  State  Board  may  make,  is  provided  for  the  commissioners  to  be  ap- 
pointed under  the  act,  and  those  accepting  the  appointment  under  it  will 
be  men  who  are  themselves  personally  interested  in  securing  its  enforce- 
ment. Under  the  general  laws  of  the  State  a  fine  imposed  as  a  penalty 
can  be  enforced  by  imprisonment,  and  the  act  can  therefore  be  made 
effective  as  against  practically  all  those  who  come  under  its  ban.  The 
report  of  the  committee  was  made  to  the  Horticultural  Society  at  its  re- 
cent meeting  in  January,  1894,  and  the  draft  of  the  act  proposed  was 
unanimously  adopted,  to  be  submitted  by  the  legislative  committee  of  the 
State  Board  of  Agriculture,  giving  instruction  to  secure  its  passage,  if 
possible,  at  the  present  session  of  the  legislature.  Following  is  the  act 
which  may  be  of  interest  to  farmers  and  fruit  growers  in  sections  other 
than  in  New  Jersey. 

AN  ACT  TO  PREVENT  DEPREDATIONS  BY  INSECTS  INJURIOUS  TO  THE 
AGRICULTURAL  AND  HORTICULTURAL  INTERESTS  OF  THIS  STATE. 

PREAMBLE. 

WHEREAS,  serious  injury  is  annually  caused  by  the  depredations  of 
insects  to  the  Agricultural  and  Horticultural  interest  of  this  State,  which 
injury  may  be  lessened  or  entirely  avoided  by  the  use  of  methods  published 
from  time  to  time  in  the  reports  and  bulletins  of  the  Agricultural  Experi- 
ment Stations  in  New  Jersey  ;  and  such  methods  are  quite  commonly 
adopted  in  this  State  by  progressive  agriculturists,  farmers  and  fruit- 
growers and  have  prove  effective  and  most  useful  ;  and  the  refusal  or 
neglect  of  certain  other  agriculturists,  farmers  and  fruit-growers  to  adopt 
and  practice  such  methods  results  in  the  continued  reproduction  and 
spread  of  such  insect  pests,  to  the  great  damage  of  their  neighbors  and 
the  public.  Therefore. 

1.  BE  IT  ENACTED  by  the  Senate  and  General  Assembly  of  the 
State  of  New  Jersey,  That  it  shall    be  the  duty  of  every  agriculturist, 
gardner,  farmer,  nurseryman  or  other  cultivator  of  the  soil  in  the  State  to 
adopt  and  apply  from  time  to  time,  in  the  proper  seasons  therefor,  such 
methods  for  the  destruction  of  insects  injurious  to  growing  crops  and  fruits 
of  all  kinds  as  are  and  may  be  advised  and  prescribed  in  tin-  reports  and 
bulletins  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Stations  in  this  State. 

2.  AND  BE  IT  ENACTED,  That  whenever  requested  by  a  resolu- 
tion of  any  County  Board  of  Agriculture  of  this  Slate,  at  a  meeting  of 
such  board,  regularly  held,  the  Executive  Committee-  of  the  State  Hoard 
of  Agriculture  of  this  State  shall  appoint  three  persons,  residents  of  the 
county  from  which  such  request  shall  be  made,  to  act.  as  commissioners 
or  agents  for  the  purpose  of  this  act  in  such  county,  without  oilier  com- 
pensation than  an  as  hereinafter  provided. 


46  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [February, 

3.  AND  BE  IT  ENACTED,  That  whenever  complaint  shall  be  made 
to  such  commissioners,  or  to  any  one  of  them,  that  any  person  or  persons 
within  their  county  has  or  have  failed,  neglected  or  refused  and  continue 
to  fail,  neglect  or  refuse  to  use  such  methods  so  prescribed  or  to  be  pre- 
scribed by  the  said  Agricultural  Experiment  Stations  in  this  State,  or  other 
equally  efficient  and  satisfactory  methods,  for  the  destruction  of  insects 
injurious  to  growing  crops  and  fruits,  on  land  in  his,  her  or  their  posses- 
sion, that  then  said  commissioners  or  any  two  of  them  shall  notify  such 
person  or  persons  so  complained  of,  in  writing,  by  service  of  such  notice 
signed  by  them,  upon  such  person  or  persons  personally,  or  by  leaving 
the  same  at  their  place  of  residence,  that  they  are  required  under  the 
penalties  provided  in  this  act  forthwith  to  apply  such  methods  so  prescribed 
or  to  be  prescribed  as  aforesaid,  for  and  towards  the  destruction  of  such 
injurious  insects.  And  said  notice  shall  specify  the  particular  species  of 
insect  or  insects  complained  of,  and  the  methods  to  be  adopted  for  their 
destruction,  with  a  reference  to  the  reports  or  bulletins  of  said  Agricul- 
tural Experiment  Stations,  or  some  one  or  more  thereof,  where  such  insects 
and  the  methods  for  their  destruction  are  or  may  be  described — or  in  lieu 
thereof,  there  may  be  served  with  such  notice  a  printed  copy  of  such  bul- 
letins or  reports  and  prescribed  methods  of  destroying  insects  as  are  relied 
upon,  or  a  printed  extract  or  extracts  therefrom  setting  forth  the  methods 
to  be  used  for  their  destruction. 

4  AND  BE  IT  ENACTED,  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  such  person 
or  persons  so  notified  within  twenty-four  hours  after  receiving  such  notice 
and  directions,  to  proceed  to  destroy  such  insects  on  his  lands  and  prem- 
ises so  complained  of,  in  the  manner  and  by  such  methods  as  said  notice 
and  directions  shall  specify  ;  and  every  person  or  persons  who  shall  neglect 
or  refuse  so  to  do,  for  the  space  of  six  days  after  receiving  such  notice  and 
directions  served  as  aforsaid,  shall  forfeit  and  pay  a  fine  not  less  than 
twenty-five  nor  more  than  one  hundred  dollars  in  the  discretion  of  the 
Court,  besides  the  costs  of  the  suit,  to  be  sued  for,  received  and  collected 
by  any  one  of  the  commissioners  in  his  own  name,  adding  thereto  the 
name  of  commissioner,  without  other  words  of  designation,  in  any  Court 
of  competent  jurisdiction  in  the  county  in  which  such  offence  shall  have 
been  committed. 

5.  AND  BE  IT  ENACTED,    That   all   fines  and  costs  that  may  be 
received  and  collected  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  shall  belong  to  and 
be  paid  into  the  treasury   of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture  of  this  State, 
to  defray  the  costs  and  expenses  incident  to  the  enforcement  of  this  act 
and  for  the  general  purposes  of  the  said  board.     Said  expenses  to  include 
such  reasonable  allowance  to  said  commissioners  for  their  services  in  the 
premises  as  may  be  made  by  the  said  Executive  Committee  of  the  said 
State  Board  of  Agriculture. 

6.  AND  BE  IT  ENACTED,  That  this  act  shall  take  effect  immedi- 
ately. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  47 

Notes  and. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

'The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  sol:cit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy'1  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


DECEASED. — Prof.  P.  M.  FERRARI  in  Geneva. 

Dr.  GEORGE  H.  HORN  was  elected  an  Honorary  Member  of  the  Ento- 
mological Society  of  Belgium  on  Dec.  26,  1893. 

PICTURES  for  the  album  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  have 
been  received  from  A.  D.  Hopkins,  Rev.  G.  D.  Hulst,  H.  G.  Dyar,  Levi 
\Y.  Mengel,  F.  H.  Hillman,  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 

I  HAVE  taken,  at  Chicago,  in  July  two  Myrmeleonidae  new  to  the  State 
of  Illinois  ; — Ulitia  quadripunctata  Burm.  and  Colobopterus  excisiis  Hag. 
Thi-  former  was  taken  at  a  lamp  and  the  latter  at  an  electric  light.  Both 
are  rare,  and  of  Colobopterus  not  many  specimens  are  known. — J.  E.  Mc- 
DADE,  Kensington,  111. 

TRANSACTIONS  of  American  Entomological  Society  for  October,  Novem- 
ber and  December,  1893,  have  just  been  issued,  closing  volume  .\\,  with 
374  pages  and  7  plates.  The  following  were  contributors  :  \V.  H.  Ash- 
mead,  Nathan  Banks,  E.  Brendel,  P.  P.  Calvert,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell, 
\Y.  I.  Fox,  G.  H.  Horn,  C.  Robertson,  |.  B.  Smith,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend 
and  C.  .M.  Weed. 

THE  life-history  of  but  one  or  two  species  of  the  family  Nernistrinidte 
has  hitherto  been  published.  Recently,  in  looking  through  Prof.  Burner's 
ri  illeetion  of  Diptera,  in  the  University  of  Nebraska,  I  discovered  a  female 
specimen  of  the  rare  Rhynchocephalus sackeniWi\\.,  which  was  of  yet  more 
interest  from  the  following  note  given  me  by  Prof.  limner:  "Taken  while 
apparently  depositing  eggs  in  the  stem  of  /•'rio^onitiii  alahiin.  Its  actii  ms 
were  very  similar  to  those  of  a  bot-fly  ;  it  was  s.  >  absorbed  in  its  work  that 
it  might  have  been  captured  with  the  lingers."  The  fly  is  evidently  a 
rapid  flyer,  like  its  allies,  the  Bombyliiike.  It  has  an  elongated  ovipostor, 
but  doubtfully  of  sufficient  strength  to  pierce  woody  tissue.  The  eggs  of 
Hirmoneura.  obscura  are  deposited  in  the  holes  of  wood-boring  i'ise<  ts, 


48  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

and  it  is  possible  that  the  present  species  may  have  similar  habits.  I  shall 
be  glad  if  further  investigation  of  this  plant  will  throw  more  light  upon 
the  habits  of  the  fly.  The  specimen  was  from  near  Colorado  Springs.— 
S.  W.  WILLISTON,  Lawrence,  Kansas. 

ON    THE    BUGONIA    SUPERSTITION    OF    THE    ANCIENTS. — Baron    C.     R. 

Osten  Sacken  writes  in  "  Nature"  for  Dec.  28,  1893:  Last  August  I  pub- 
lished in  the  "  Bulletin  Soc.  Entomol.  Italiana"  1893,  pp.  186-217,  an  ar- 
ticle entitled,  "  On  the  Bugonia  of  the  Ancients,  and  its  relation  to  Eris- 
talis  tenax,  a  two-winged  insect."  I  desire  to  collect  some  more  materials 
on  that  subject,  in  view  of  a  second  edition,  and  I  would  be  very  grateful 
to  readers  of  ''  Nature"  who  may  be  able  to  give  me  assistance  in  that 
matter. 

The  information  I  require  may  be  expressed  in  two  questions: 

(1)  Whether  travelers  in  out-of-the-way  places  in  Europe  or  Asia  have 
not  come  across  vestiges  of  the  superstition  about  oxen-born  bees,  still 
lingering  among  primitive  people? 

(2)  Whether  readers  of  Oriental  literature  have  not  come  across  pas- 
sages evidently  referring  to  this  superstition,  like  the  passage  I  reproduce 
here  as  an  example.     I  found  it  in  the  "  Golden  Meadows"  of  the  Arab 
traveler  Massoudi  (died  in  Cairo,  955),  translated  by  Barbier  de  Meynard 
and  Pavet  de  Courteille,  Paris,  1861,  vol.  iii,  p.  233.     It  relates  a  conver- 
sation which  took  place  in  Arabia,  and  of  which  this  is  a  fragment:  "  '  Had 
the  bees,  which  produced  this  honey,  deposited  it  in  the  body  of  a  large 
animal?'  asked  Yiad.     The  surveyor  answered:  '  Hearing  that  there  was 
a  hive  near  the  sea-coast  I  sent  people  to  gather  the  honey.     They  told 
me  that  they  had  found  at  that  place  a  heap  of  bones,  more  or  less  rotten, 
in  the  cavity  of  which  bees  had  deposited  the  honey  that  they  brought 
with  them.'  " 

Baron  Osten  Sacken,  whose  address  is  Heidelberg,  Germany,  would 
be  happy  to  send  a  copy  of  his  original  paper  to  any  one  interested  in 
the  subject. 

TRAILED  BY  A  TIGER.  (Perils  of  a  scientist  now  visiting  in  Pittsburgh). 
—Mr.  William  Doherty  has  been  recently  spending  a  few  days  with  Dr. 
Holland  at  his  residence  on  Fifth  Avenue.  He  is  one  of  the  most  daring 
and  successful  travelers  and  explorers,  who  has  risen  from  the  ranks  of 
the  American  people,  though  he  is  known  to  comparatively  a  limited 
circle  of  friends,  who  have  been  his  reliance  in  his  adventurous  under- 
takings. He  is  a  Cincinnatian  by  birth,  and  is  descended  from  the  Scotch- 
Irish  settlers  of  Mecklenburg  County,  North  Carolina,  whose  bold  stand 
in  favor  of  independence  in  pre-revolutionary  days  is  historic.  He  was 
graduated  at  the  University  of  Cincinnati,  and  went  in  1878  to  Paris  in 
charge  of  a  portion  of  the  exhibit  sent  to  the  Paris  exposition  by  the 
United  States  Department  of  Agriculture.  After  remaining  in  Paris  six 
months  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  there,  he  resolved  to  spend  some 
time  in  travel,  and  visited  the  countries  of  Kurope  lying  along  the  Medi- 
terranean. He  spent  a  year  in  Greece,  then  a  year  in  Egypt.  After  tra- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  -49 

versing  Palestine  twice,  lie  purchased  a  fine  Arab  horse  at  Bethlehem  in 
judea,  and  mounting  the  animal  headed  for  the  East. 

His  horseback  ride  took  him  across  Syria  and  Persia.  He  spent  a  year 
at  Teheran,  the  capital  of  Persia;  rode  into  Turkestan,  returned  to  the 
region  of  Muscat,  and  thence  made  his  way  into  India.  Making  Calcutta 
his  headquarters,  he  commenced  an  extended  series  of  collecting  tours, 
devoting  his  attention  mainly  to  the  insect  fauna  of  the  regions  he  visited. 
He  thoroughjy  explored  the  foot  hills  and  higher  slopes  of  the  Himalayas, 
collecting  in  Kumaon,  Sikkim,  Bhotanandin  Burmah  and  the  Malay  pen- 
insula. His  explorations  in  these  regions  were  diversified  by  expeditions 
to  Java,  Celebes  and  Borneo. 

Returning  to  Calcutta,  he  finally  set  out  for  a  more  thorough  explora- 
tion of  the  islands  of  the  great  archipelago.  He  visited  Bali,  Sumbawa, 
Sumba,  Ademara,  Solor,  Timor,  Letti,  Timor-Laut,  Burn,  Ambonia,  Bat- 
chian,  Ternate  and  adjacent  islands;  thence  made  his  way  to  Humboldt 
Bay,  on  the  north  shore  of  New  Guinea,  exploring  along  the  whole  north 
shore  in  New  Guinea,  in  the  German  and  Dutch  possessions,  visiting  Jo- 
bie  and  Schouten  Islands,  being  the  first  naturalist  to  systematically  ex- 
plore these  localities. 

Humboldt  Bay  was  visited  by  the  Challenger  expedition,  but  the  atti- 
tude of  the  natives  was  so  threatening  that  no  landing  was  made.  Mr. 
Doherty  induced  the  captain  of  a  vessel  to  put  him  into  the  inner  bay, 
which  is  a  beautiful  land-locked  sheet  of  water  flanked  by  mountains, 
one  of  them  rising  to  the  elevation  of  9000  feet  above  the  tide.  The  bay 
is  studded  with  little  islands,  upon  one  of  which  Mr.  Doherty  disembarked, 
accompanied  by  his  four  trusted  Lepchas,  or  native  butterfly  hunters, 
whom  he  had  brought  with  him  from  the  mountains  of  India,  and  who 
had  been  the  companions  of  his  journeyings  for  many  years.  The  natives 
of  Humboldt  Bay  are  exceedingly  hostile  and  the  lives  of  the  party  were 
in  hourly  danger.  Mr.  Doherty  succeeded  by  a  clever  manoeuvre  in  in- 
spiring them  with  a  wholesome  awe  of  his  person. 

It  happened  that  among  the  swarms  of  natives  that  came  crowding  about 
the  adventurers  armed  with  bows  and  spears  there  was  a  man  who  had 
been  carried  to  sea  in  his  boat  and  had  been  picked  up  by  the  crew  of  a 
Malay  prau  500  miles  away  from  land.  During  his  stay  among  the  .Ma- 
lays this  man  had  acquired  a  little  knowledge  of  their  tongue,  and  through 
him  Mr.  Doherty  was  enabled  to  communicate  with  the  savages  about 
him. 

He  took  occasion  to  warn  them  that  any  act  of  hostility  would  lead  to 
terrible  consequences,  as  IK-  was  a  mighty  wizard,  and  verified  the  asser- 
tion by  exploding  a  dymanite  cartridge  which  he  had  adroitly  slipped  into 
a  crevice  of  a  great  boulder  seven  feet  in  height,  which  lay  by  the  shore 
and  which  was  torn  to  pieces  by  the  explosion.  The  effect  of  this  dis- 
play of  terriiic  and  apparently  supernatural  power  was  wholesome.  Mr. 
Doherty  made  it  a  point,  after  he  had  assured  himself  that  he  had  ere, tied 
a  monstrous  impression,  not  to  take  with  him  firearms,  lest  the  natives 


50  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

should  think  he  was  in  fear  of  them,  but  boldly  sallied  forth  with  his  but- 
terfly nets  and  explored  the  shores  of  the  bay  and  penetrated  some  dis- 
tance into  the  interior,  discovering  a  large  fresh-water  lake,  the  existence 
of  which  was  not  known  before  to  geographers,  and  making  wonderful 
collections  of  new  species,  which  have  since  been  transmitted  to  Hon. 
Walter  De Rothschild  and  Mons.  Oberthur,  of  France. 

The  natives  followed  him  everywhere  and  went  fully  aimed,  but  keep- 
ing a  respectful  distance,  not  knowing  at  what  minute  his  terrible  rock- 
rending  power  might  be  invoked  for  their  destruction.  Finally,  however, 
they  became  bolder  and  more  threatening  in  their  demeanor,  and  realiz- 
ing that  his  life  was  in  danger  he  made  his  way  in  his  boats  westward, 
exploring  from  point  to  point  as  he  touched.  His  life  was  in  his  hands, 
so  to  speak,  during  this  whole  perilous  journey,  but  with  amazing  tact 
and  coolness  he  succeeded  in  carrying  out  his  purposes  and  in  coming  off 
unscathed,  save  by  fever  and  the  effects  of  the  constant  nervous  strain  to 
which  he  was  subjected. 

The  following  incident  is  a  good  illustration  of  his  nerve:  One  of  the 
best  ways  of  collecting  moths  is  by  placing  baits  for  them  in  proper  places, 
and  then  visiting  the  spots  after  dark  with  a  lantern  and  capturing  them 
where  they  have  congreated.  While  in  Java  Mr.  Doherty  was  following 
this  method,  but  discovered,  to  his  surprise,  during  his  rounds  in  the  for- 
est, he  had  been  followed  for  several  nights  by  a  Bengal  tiger,  which  had 
tracked  him  from  tree  to  tree  as  he  went  his  walks.  The  tiger  evidently 
had  been  deterred  from  making  an  onslaught  by  the  lantern  which  Mr. 
Doherty  carried.  Mr.  Doherty  made  up  his  mind  that  if  the  lantern  pro- 
tected him,  he  would  not  be  deterred  by  the  tiger,  and  went  on  with  his 
work  night  after  night,  and  just  as  regularly  as  he  went  his  rounds  the 
tiger  followed  him.  Finally  the  brute  became  bolder  and  showed  him- 
self, and  Mr.  Doherty  determined  that  it  was  time  to  put  an  end  to  this 
form  of  coquetry  and  laid  a  bait — a  dead  animal — in  his  path,  and  con- 
cealed himself  with  a  rifle  in  a  hollow  tree.  All  night  long  he  sat  there 
waiting  for  "  Old  Stripes  "  to  show  himself,  but  singularly  enough  the 
tiger  had  reached  the  same  conclusion  as  Mr.  Doherty,  and  that  night  he 
failed  to  appear,  and  thereafter  was  conspicuous  by  his  absence.  He  had 
apparently  gotten  tired  of  the  business,  as  Mr.  Doherty  had.  Not  all  of 
Mr.  Doherty's  tiger  stories  have  such  an  ending,  and  he  has  been  "in  at 
the  death  "  of  not  a  few  of  these  lords  of  the  jungle.  Strange  to  relate, 
Mr.  Doherty  declares  that  he  is  less  afraid  of  tigers  than  of  tame  elephants. 
Tame  elephants  in  India,  he  says,  kill  on  an  average  one  man  a  year, 
and  as  some  of  them  live  to  be  over  one  hundred  years  of  age  they  are 
veritable  man  destroyers.  This  is  true  principally  of  bull  elephants.  Cow 
elephants  are  more  tractable  and  gentle. 

Mr.  I  "oherty  possesses  a  wonderful  faculty  of  acquiring  languagrs,  and 
this  power  has  served  him  in  his  journeys.  He  possesses  a  colloquial 
knowledge  of  twenty-seven  of  the  languages  and  dialects  of  Asia  and  the 
Kust,  and  is  wonderfully  accomplished  in  the  languages  of  modern  Eu- 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  51 

rope.  His  visit  to  this  country  is  simply  for  the  purpose  of  rest  and  re- 
cuperation. He  proposes  in  the  later  Winter  or  early  Spring  to  return 
again  to  explore  the  islands  lying  north  and  east  of  New  Guinea,  to  again 
visit  New  Guinea,  and  then  to  explore  Hainan,  Formosa  and  the  interior 
of  China.  After  that,  if  spared,  he,  may  attack  East  Africa  and  Madagas- 
car, or  possibly  will  devote  himself  to  a  thorough  exploration  of  the  east- 
ern foot  hills  and  slopes  of  the  Andes  in  South  America.  These  are  the 
projects  which  he  is  discussing  with  his  friends.  He  has  spent  the  Sum- 
mer with  his  relatives  at  a  watering  place  in  Maine,  and  four  weeks  with 
his  brother-in-law,  Prof.  J.  S.  Hart,  of  Cornell  University.  He  came  from 
Ithaca  to  spend  a  few  days  with  Dr.  Holland,  who  possesses,  in  his  great 
collection,  large  portions  of  the  insects  collected  by  Mr.  Doherty  in  the 
East.  Mr.  Doherty's  collections  are  found  mainly  in  those  great  assem- 
blages of  insect  marvels,  which  have  been  made  by  Baron  Rothschild  and 
Messrs.  Elwes  and  Druce  in  England,  by  Oberthur,  in  France,  and  by 
Dr.  Holland,  of  Pittsburgh.—  Pittsburgh  Gazette. 


Identification  of  Insects  i  Images )  for  Subscribers. 


Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist.  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  III. 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Eritorrio  logical   Literature. 


THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.  London,  De- 
cember, 1X93. — A  contribution  to  the  morphology  of  the  limbs  and  mouth- 
parts  of  crustaceans  and  insects,  Dr.  H.  f.  Hansen  [trans,  from  Zoolog- 
ischer  An/eigerJ.  On  the  cerebral  nuclei  of  Myriapods,  J.  Chatin  [transl. 
from  Comptes  Rendus]. 

TRANS. u M  n>xs  OF  THK  KANSAS  ACADKMV  OF  SCIENCE  (1891-92),  xiii. 
Topeka,  1893. — Notes  on  the  elementary  comparative  external  anatomy 
of  insects,  Y.  L.  Kellogg.  Insects  Notes,  id,  tigs.  On  the  the  horse  Hit  s 
of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona,  (".  II.  T.  Townst-nd.  On  a  peculiar  Acal- 
yptrate  Muscid  found  near  Turkey  Tanks,  An/.,  id. 

NOVA  ACTA  DKR  KAIS.  LEOPOLDINO-CAROLIN^E  DEUTSCHEN  A.KAD- 

KMIK  DKR  N.vivkFi  iRsriiKK,  Iviii,  4.  Halle,  1X92. — Systema  Geometra- 
rum  /oiue  temperatioris  septentrionalis:  Systematic  revision  of  the  span- 
worms  of  the  north  temperate  /one,  C.  F.  von  Gumppenberg.  I'art  Y. 


52  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

COMPTES  RENDUS.  L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.  Paris,  Nov.  27,  1893. 
—On  the  male  genital  apparatus  of  Hymenoptera,  M.  Bordas.  Researches 
on  the  anatomy  and  development  of  the  female  genital  armor  of  Orthop- 
tera,  M.  Peytoureau. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.  Philadelphia,  December,  1893. — Ly- 
csenid  larva  on  Atriplex,  C.  H.  T.  Tovvnsend. 

NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHE  RUNDSCHAU,  BRAUNSCHWEIG,  Dec.  9, 
1893. — Summary  of  W.  M.  Wheeler's  "A  contribution  to  insect  embry- 
ology," R.  von  Hanstein. 

KNOWLEDGE.  London,  Dec.  i,  1893. — Curious  cocoons,  ii,  E.  A. 
Butler,  figs. — Jan.  i,  1894.  Bark-boring  beetles,  E.  A.  Butler,  figs. 

THE  GEOLOGICAL  MAGAZINE.  London,  December,  1893. — Notes  on 
the  eocene  tertiary  insects  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,  Rev.  P.  B.  Brodie. 

MlTTHEILUNGEN  AUS  DEM  NATURHISTORISCHEN  MUSEUM  IN  HAMBURG, 

x,  2,  1893. — [On  the  insects  collected  by  Dr.  F.  Stuhlmann  in  East  Africa:] 
Hymenoptera,  F.  F.  Kohl;  Formicidae,  Dr.  G.  Mayr;  Diptera,  V.  von 
Roeder;  Lepidoptera,  Dr.  A.  Pagenstecher. 

NATURE.  London,  Dec.  7,  1893.— -On  the  classification  of  the  Tracheate 
Arthropoda,  a  correction,  R.  I.  Pocock. 

BULLETIN  OF  THE  MUSEUM  OF  COMPARATIVE  ZOOLOGY  AT  HARVARD 
COLLEGE,  xxv,  2.  Cambridge,  Mass.,  December,  1893. — Compte-Rendu 
sur  les  Pantopodes,  W.  M.  Schimkewitsch,  2  pis. 

PAPERS  ON  IOWA  INSECTS,  consisting  of  Fruit  and  Forest  tree  insects 
(reprinted  from  Trans.  State  Hort.  Soc.  1892,  pp.  96-127)  and  Some  Iowa 
Farm  insects  (reprinted  from  Rep.  State  Agric.  Soc.  1892,  pp.  665-699). 
By  Herbert  Osborn,  Professor  of  Zoology  and  Entomology,  Iowa  Agric. 
College.  Des  Moines,  1893.  The  many  figures  in  the  text  add  greatly 
to  the  value  of  this  pamphlet  which  is  intended  for  fruit-growers,  farmers 
and  stock-raisers. 

INSECT  LIFE,  vi,  2.  Washington,  December,  1893. — Fifth  annual  meet- 
ing of  the  Association  of  Economic  Entomologists  [at  Madison,  Wis., 
Aug.  14,  15,  16,  1893].  Presidential  address,  S.  A.  Forbes.  Methods  of 
treating  insects  affecting  grasses  and  plants,  H.  Osborn.  Notes  on  methods 
of  studying  life-histories  of  injurious  insects,  L.  O.  Howard.  Another 
mosquito  experiment,  id.  Phytotnyza  affinis  Fall,  as  a  cause  of  decay  in 
Clematis,  J.  Ritsema  Bos.  Farm  practice  and  fertilizers  as  insecticides, 
J.  B.  Smith.  The  preservation  of  larvae  for  study,  H.  Garman.  The  dis- 
tribution of  Coccida?,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerel!.  Note  and  record-keeping  for 
the  economic  entomologist,  A.  D.  Hopkins.  Illustrations  for  the  eco- 
nomic entomologist,  H.  Garman.  The  arsenites  and  arsenical  mixtures 
as  insecticides,  C.  P.  Gillette.  Destructive  Scolytids  and  their  imported 
enemy,  A.  D.  Hopkins.  Parasitic  and  predaceous  insects  in  applied  en- 
tomology, C.  V.  Riley.  The  economic  value  of  parasites  and  predaceous 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  53 

insects,  J.  B.  Smith.  Insect  foes  of  American  cereal  grains,  with  meas- 
ures for  their  prevention  or  destruction,  F.  M.  Webster,  figs.  Fumiga- 
tion with  bisulphide  of  carbon  for  the  complete  and  rapid  destruction  of 
insects  which  attack  herbaria,  furs  and  woolens,  H.  du  Buysson.  Methods 
of  attacking  parasites  of  domestic  animals,  H.  Osborn.  Remedies  for 
insects  injurious  to  cotton,  H.  E.  Weed.  The  cheese  or  meat  skipper, 
M.  E.  Murtfelclt.  Hydrocyanic  acid  as  an  insecticide,  D.  W.  Coquillett. 
On  arsenical  spraying  of  fruit  trees  while  in  blossom,  J.  A.  Lintner.  Some 
insects  of  the  year,  F.  M.  Webster.  Insects  of  the  year  in  New  Jersey, 
J.  B.  Smith.  Some  of  the  more  important  insects  of  the  season,  H.  Os- 
born. Icerya  purchasi  and  Vedalia  cardinalis  in  New  Zealand,  R.  A. 
Wright.  Notes  on  some  insect  pests  of  Trinidad,  F.  W.  Urich.  Notes 
on  slip-records,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.  Dipterous  parasites  in  their  relation 
to  economic  entomology,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend. 

THE  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST.  London,  Ont,  December,  1893.— 
Notes  on  the  occurrence  of  Hepialus  thule  Strecker  at  Montreal,  H.  H. 
Lyman.  On  some  undetermined  Bombyces,  H.  G.  Dyar.  The  Mesilla 
Valley  cotton  wood  leaf-miner  determined,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.  Descrip- 
tions of  some  species  of  Coleoptera  occurring  near  Allegheny,  heretofore 
undescribed,  J.  Hamilton,  M.D.  Notes  and  queries,  W.  J.  Holland. 
Exochilium  miindum  Say  attacking  the  fall  web-worm,  A.  H.  Kirkland. 
North  American  Thysanura-iv,  A.  D.  Macgillivray.  On  the  Eudriinae, 
A.  R.  Grote.  List  of  Coleoptera  taken  at  Sparrow  Lake,  Ont.,  J.  Ham- 
ilton, M.D.  Notes  on  Hepialus,  H.  G.  Dyar. 

THE  ZOOLOGICAL  RECORD,  volume  the  twenty-ninth.  Being  records 
of  zoological  literature  relating  chiefly  to  the  year  1892.  Edited  by  D. 
Sharp,  M.A.,  F.R.S.,  F.Z.S.,  etc.  London:  Gurney  &  Jackson,  1893. 
Arachnida  (39  pp.),  Myriapoda  and  Prototracheata  (7  pp.),  R.  I.  Pocock. 
Insecta  (332  pp.),  D.  Sharp. 

ZOOLOGISCHER  JAHRESBERICHT  FUR  1892. — Herausgegcben  von  der 
Zoologischen  Station  zu  Neapel.  Redigirt  von  Prof.  Paul  Mayer.  Berlin, 
R.  Friedlander  &  Sohn,  1893.  Arthropoda  (Tracheata  40  pp.),  Dr.  W. 
Giesbrecht  and  Prof.  P.  Mayer. 

LEPIDOI>TERA  INDICA  by  F.  Moore.  London,  L.  Reeve  &  Co.  Part 
xvi,  1893,  contains  pp.  89-112,  vol.  ii,  pis.  115-122.  Satyrinae. 

DIE  SPINNEN  AMERIKAS — Epeiridte — von  Graf  E.  Keyserling  nach 
dessen  Tode  herausgegeben  von  Dr.  George  Marx,  iv  Bd,  2  half.  Niirn- 
berg,  1893.  Yerlag  von  Bauer  &  Raspe  (Emil  Raster).  Pp.  209-377. 
Tab.  x-xix. 

BIIILIOTHECA  ZOOLOGICA,  Heft  viii.  Stuttgart,  1893.— Researches  on 
mimicry  as  a  basis  for  a  natural  sysU-m  of  the  Papilionidre,  2nd  part:  Re- 
searches on  mimicry,  Dr.  E.  Haase,  8  pis. 


54  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

REVUE  BIOLOGIQUE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE,  vi,  2.  Lille,  November, 
1892. — Apropos  of  some  recent  publications  on  the  false  parasitism  of  the 
Chernetidae  on  different  Arthropods,  R.  Moniez. 

COMPTE  REXDU.  SOCIETE  DE  BIOLOGIE.  Paris,  Dec.  9,  1893. — On  the 
reproduction  of  the  Sarcoptidae,  Dr.  E.  Trouessart. 

COMPTE  RENDU.  SOCIETE  PHILOMATHIQUE  DE  PARIS,  Dec.  9,  1893.— 
Male  genital  apparatus  of  the  Hymenoptera  of  the  tribe  of  the  Bombin<~e, 
M.  Bordas. 

BIOLOGIA  CEXTRALI-AMERICANA.  Part  cxi.  London,  September, 
1893. — Arachnida-Araneidea,  pp.  105-120,  O.  P.  Cambridge.  Lepidop- 
tera-Rhopalocera,  vol.  ii,  pi.  Ixxvi,  F.  D.  Godman  &  O.  Salvin,  Lepid- 
optera-Heterocera,  H.  Druce,  pis.  Ivi,  Ivii.  Orthoptera,  pp.  9-40,  pis.  ii, 
iii,  A.  de  Bormans,  H.  de  Saussure  and  L.  Zehnter.  Hymenoptera,  vol. 
ii,  pp.  193-216,  pi.  xi,  P.  Cameron — Part  cxii,  October,  1893.  Hymenop- 
tera, vol.  ii,  pp.  217-256,  P.  Cameron.  Lepidoptera-Heterocera,  pi.  Iviii, 
H.  Druce.  Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera,  vol.  ii,  pp.  297-312,  F.  D.  Godman 
and  O.  Salvin.  Orthoptera,  pp.  41-64,  pi.  iv,  H.  de  Saussure  and  L. 
Zehnter. — -Part  cxiii,  November,  1893.  Coleoptera,  vol.  vi,  pt.  2,  pp. 
125-164,  G.  C.  Champion.  Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera,  vol.  ii,  pp.  313-328, 
F.  D.  Godman  and  O.  Salvin.  Orthoptera,  pp.  65-104,  pi.  v,  H.  de  Saus- 
sure and  L.  Zehnter. 

PSYCHE.  Cambridge,  Mass.,  January,  1894. — Biological  notes  on 
American  Gryllidae,  S.  H.  Scudder.  Bibliographical  notes-v,  S.  Hen- 
sha\v.  New  and  undescribed  genera  of  West  African  Noctuidse,  \V.  J. 
Holland.  The  Nemastomatidae  and  Trogulidae  of  the  United  States  i,  N. 
Banks.  Wing-length  in  some  New  England  Acrididse  i,  A.  P.  Morse. 

THE  EXTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.  London.  Dec.  15,  1893. — Pupal  de- 
velopment and  color  of  imago,  J.  W.  Tutt.  The  history  of  butterfly  clas- 
sification, F.  J.  Buckell. 

ARCHIVES  DE  ZOOLOGIE  EXPERIMENTALE  ET  GENERALE  (3)  I,  2.  Paris, 
1893. — -On  the  nidifications  of  Sphe.v  splendidulus  and  Chalicodomaperezi, 
H.  de  Lacaze-Duthiers. 

BIOLOGISCHES  CENTRALRLATT.  Erlangen,  Dec.  15,  1893. — Composi- 
tion and  origin  of  termite  societies,  C.  Emery. 

MICHIGAX  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMEXT  STATION.  Bulletin  102. — In- 
sects injurious  to  celery,  G.  C.  Davis,  figs.  Agricultural  College,  Michi- 
gan, 1893,  32  pp. 

ACTES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  SciEXTiFiQUE  DU  CHILI,  III,  i  and  2.  Santiago, 
October,  1893. — Therapeutic  employment  of  Latrodcctns  mac  fans  in 
Mexico,  A.  L.  Herrera.  On  the  wandering  cricket  of  Chili,  C.  Berg  and 
F.  Letaste.  The  Coccidae  of  Chili,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.  New  notes  on 
the  Coleoptera  of  Chili,  P.  Germain. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 

REVUE  SCIENTIFIQUE  DU  BOURBOXNAIS,  vii,  73.  Moulins,  January, 
1894. — Geographical  catalogue  of  the  Anthicidse  of  France,  Corsica,  Al- 
geria and  Tunis,  M.  Pic. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGA/.INE.  London,  January,  1894. 
—  Xotes  on  the  earlier  stages  of  the  Nepticulse  (cont.),  J.  H.  Wood.  An 
attempt  to  account  for  moth-grease  with  notes  on  its  cure  by  ether,  H.  G. 
Knaggs,  M.D.  A  synopsis  of  British  Psychodidae  (cont.),  Rev.  A.  E. 
Eaton. 

THE  BRITISH  NATURALIST.  London,  December,  1893. — Entomological 
nomenclature.  F.  J.  Buckell.  The  Pterophorina  of  Britain  (cont.),  J.  \V. 
Tutt.  The  regrettable  announcement  is  made  that  this  is  the  last  number 
of  this  pleasant  journal. 

ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN.  Berlin,  December,  1893. — Com- 
parative researches  on  the  abdominal  segments  of  female  Hemiptera- 
Heteroptera  and -Homoptera,  C.  Yerhoeff,  Ph.D. 

DIE  EXOTISCHEN  IvAFER  IN  \YoRT  UND  BiLD.  Bearbeitet  von  Alex- 
ander Heyne.  Yerlag  von  Ernest  Heyne  in  Leipzig,  Hospitalstrasse  2, 
1893.— i  Lieferung.  Pp.  vii,  6,  two  colored  plates  of  58  figures  of  Cicin- 
delidae  and  seven  of  Dynastidte  respectively.  To  be  published  in  twenty 
Lieferungen  at  4  marks  a  piece,  appearing  every  six  weeks,  each  contain- 
ing two  colored  plates  and  descriptive  text. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST. — London,  January,  1894. — On  the  vertical  distri- 
bution of  the  British  Lepidoptera,  W.  H.  Bath.  Extraction  of  moth 
grease  by  ether,  H.  G.  Knaggs,  M.D.  A  catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera 
of  Ireland  (cont.),  \V.  F.  deV.  Kane.  Hypcna  damnosalis  \Ylk.,  J.  B. 
Smith. 

LA  GRAPHITOSE  ET  LA  SEPTICEMIE  chez  les  Insectes.  Deux  maladies 
des  larves  des  Lamellicornes  cause"es  par  les  Bacte'ries,  par  I.  Krasilshtshik. 
Extract:  Mem.  Soc.  Zool.  France,  vi,  p.  235,  et  seq.,  1893;  figs.,  41  pp. 

MISSISSIPPI    AC.KICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  COLLEGE  Exi'EKIMENT 

STATION.      Bulletin  No.   27. — Insecticides  and  their  application,   H.   E. 
\\\-ed.     Agric.  Coll.  Miss.,  November,  1893,  24  pp.,  figs. 

MEMOIRES  SUR  LES  LEPIDOPTERES  rediges  par  N.  M.  Romanoff.  Tome 
vii.  Monographic  des  Pliycitinse  et  des  Galleriirtae  par  E.  L.  Ragonot. 
Saint  Petersbourg,  1893,  658  pp.,  23  plates,  of  which  20  are  colored.  This 
important  volume  is  the  seventh  of  the  series  edited  by  the  Grand  Duke 
Nicholas,  of  Russia.  It  deals  with  the  Phycitiiue  and  Galleriina*  of  the 
entire  world.  The  author,  M.  Ragonot,  is  a  well-known  authority  on 
these  groups,  and  is  to  be  congratulated  on  the  c<  mplriioii  ot  his  work. 
The  plates  contain  in  all  569  figures. 


56  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [February, 

NEW  SPECIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  INSECTS  DESCRIBED 
IN  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


COLEOPTERA. 

Bembidiiim  postfasciatuin  Hamilton,  Can.  Ent.  xxv,  p.  305,  Pa.  Pla- 
tynns  parmarginatus,  p.  305,  Pa.  Stenolophus  humidus,  Soronia  sub- 
striata,  p.  306,  Pa.  Corymbites  elongahcollis,  p.  307,  Pa.,  Ont.  Hemip- 
tychus  castanen-s,  p.  307,  Pa.  Isomira  riijicollis,  Acalles  curtiis,  p.  308, 
Pa.  Pachybaris  strigapunctus,  p.  309,  Pa.  Balaninus  confusor,  p.  309, 
Mass.,  Pa.,  O.,  W.  Va.,  N.  C. 

Cassididae:  n.  gen.  et  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.  Am.,  Champion,  Biol.  Cent.-Am. 
Coleop.  vi,  pp.  125-164. 

DIPTERA. 

Bibio  tristis  Williston  and  Kellogg,  Trans.  Kans.  Acad.  Sci.  xiii,  p.  113, 
fig.,  Kansas. 

Diachlorus  guttatulus  Tovvnsend,  Trans.  Kans.  Acad.  Sci.  xiii,  p.  134, 
N.  Mex.  Micropeza  turcana,  p.  136,  Ariz. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Blennocampa populifolieUa  Riley  MS.,  Townsend,  Can.  Ent.  xxv,  p.  304, 
N.  Mex. 

Pompilidae:  n.  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.  Am.,  Cameron,  Biol.  Cent.-Am.  Hy- 
men, ii,  pp.  193-222.  Scoliidae,  id.  1.  c.  pp.  222-256. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Thelethia  n.  gen.  name  for  Thia  (preocc.)  Dyar,  Can.  Ent.  xxv,  p.  301. 
Hepialus  argenteomaculatus  Harr.,  var.  perdita,  p.  327. 

Hesperidae:  n.  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.  Am.,  Godman  and  Salvin,  Biol.  Cent.- 
Am.  Lepid.-Rhopal.  ii,  pp.  297-328. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Forficulidae:  n.  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.  Am.,  de  Bormans,  Biol.  Cent.-Am. 
Orthop.  pp.  9-12. 

Blattidas:  n.  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.  Am.,  U.  S.,  de  Saussure  and  Zehnter, 
1.  c.  pp.  i3-ro4. 

THYSANURA. 

Earn.  Aphoruridae  (nom.  nov.)  Macgillivray,  Can.  Ent.  xxv,  p.  313. 
New  gen.  and  spp.  Aphoruridae  and  Poduridae,  pp.  313-318. 

ARANEINA. 

Epeindas:  n.  spp.,  Marx,  Die  Spinnen  Amerikas,  iv,  pp.  209-377.  N. 
spp.  Mex.,  Cambridge,  Biol.  Cent.-Am.,  Arach.-Aran.  pp.  105-120. 

PHALANGIDA. 

Trogulidae:  Orf/io/asina  n.  gen.   Banks,  Psyche  vii,  p.  ir.     (>.  r/t 
p.  12,  S.  Cal.     Dendrolasma,  p.  12.     D,  niirabi/is,  p.  12,  Wash. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  II. 


See  page  57 


WEST  AFRICAN  DYSGONIID/E  Holland  (Reduced one-fifth). 


1 894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  57 

The  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted   by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


NEW  WEST  AFRICAN  DYSGONIIDAE. 

By  W.  J.  HOLLAND,  Ph.  D.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

(The  following  descriptions  are  all  of  species  found  in  the  valley  of  the  Ogove  River. 
The  types  are  in  my  collection). 

DYSGONIIDAE  Moore. 

(Ophiusidee  Guen). 
SPHINGOMORPHA  Guen. 

1.  S.  pudeus,  sp.  nov.  rf . — Palpi,  front,  and  a  stripe  on  the  middle  of 
the  collar  pale  fawn  ;  patagia,  upperside  of  the  thorax  and  the  abdomen 
pale  chestnut;  the  lowerside  of  the  thorax  and  the  abdomen  are  cinereous. 
The  primaries  are  pale  reddish  fawn:  beyond  the  base  the  wing  is  crossed 
by  a  broad  band  of  chestnut,  narrowing  irregularly  from  the  inner  margin 
to  the  middle  of  the  cell,  and  then  widening  to  the  costa ;  this  band  is 
margined  externally  and  internally  by  fine  paler  lines,  of  which  the  outer 
line  is  most  conspicuous,  becoming  broadly  silvery  white  on  the  inner 
margin;  there  is  a  short  waved,  dark  browned  transverse  line  on  the  costa 
beyond  the  cell,  and  a  narrow,  straight,  submarginal  brown  line  running 
from  the  apex  to  the  inner  margin.     The  apex  and  outer  angle  are  clouded 
with  brown,  and  there  are  a  few  small  white  subapical  spots  on  the  costa. 
The  secondaries  are  fuscous,  darker  toward  the  outer  margin,  with  the 
costa  stramineous,  shining;  the  outer  margin  is  bordered  with  pale  ochra- 
ceous,  and  there  is  an  incomplete  transverse  ochraceous  band  above  the 
anal  angle.     Both  wings  on  the  underside  are  pale  rosy  fawn,  with  the 
inner  margin  still  paler;  both  have  a  minute  black  spot  at  the  end  of  the 
cell,  and  beyond  the  cell  the  wings  are  sparingly  irrorated  with  minute 
blackish  scales,  and  in  some  specimens  accentuated  by  a  few  light  spots 
arranged  in  a  transverse  series  just  beyond  the  cell.     The  primaries  at  the 
apex,  and  the  secondaries  at  the  anal  angle  have  a  few  obscure  blackish 
striae. 

9 . — The  female  does  not  differ  from  the  male,  except  in  the  shorter 
and  more  robust  form  of  the  abdomen.     Expanse;  .^\  55  mm.;  ?  ,  60  mm. 

LAGOPTERA  Guen. 

2.  L.  rubricata  sp.  nov.  J1 . — Palpi,  front,  corselet,  and  upperside  of 
the  thorax  chestnut;  upperside  of  the  abdomen  paler  brown;  lower  side 
of  the  thorax  and  abdomen  and  anal  tuft  of  hair  minium-red.     The  pri- 


58  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

maries  are  chestnut,  with  the  characteristic  lines  and  markings  dark  brown. 
The  secondaries  are  minium-red  with  the  inner  margin  broadly  blackish, 
this  blackish  tract  being  evaded  beyond  the  cell  by  the  red  of  the  outer 
half  of  the  wing  which  also  sweeps  inwardly  along  the  inner  margin. 
The  fringe  at  the  anal  angle  is  gray,  as  are  also  the  tufted  hairs  along  the 
inner  margin.  On  the  under  side  both  wings  are  minium-red.  The 
primaries  have  an  obscure  lunulate  discal  spot.  Expanse  55-60  mm. 

There  is  an  unnamed  specimen  of    this  insect  in  the  British 
Museum. 

MINUCIA  Moore. 

3.  M.  vereounda  sp.  nov.  (J\ — Palpi,  head,  and  upperside  of  the  thorax- 
chestnut.    The  upperside  of  the  abdomen  is  fuscous;  the  lowerside  of  the 
thorax  and  abdomen  is  paler,  sericeous.    The  upperside  of  the  primaries 
is  cinereous  chestnut,  with  a  broad  submarginal  band  of  dark  chestnut, 
constricted  opposite  the  end  of  the  cell;  there  is  a  lunulate  dark  spot  at 
the  end  of  the  cell  and  a  minute  blackish  spot  in  its  middle.     The  secon- 
daries are  fuscous,  paler  at  the  base  and  the  outer  angle,  and  with  the 
outer  third  shaded  near  the  middle  of  the  margin  with  black.     On  the 
underside  the  primaries  are  fuscous,  crossed  by  a  pale  grayish  band  be- 
yond the  end  of  the  cell,  and  with  the  outer  third,  except  on  the  margin, 
broadly  blackish.     The  secondaries  below  are  fuscous  laved  with  ochra- 
ceous  at  the  base  and  darker  on  the  outer  margin.     Expanse  55  mm. 

OPHIODES  Guen. 

4.  0.  catocalina  sp.  nov.  ^. — Front,  collar,  patagia,  and  the  upperside 
of  the  thorax  rufous  ochraceous;  the  upperside  of  the  abdomen  is  fuscous; 
the  lowerside  of  the  body  is  obscure  pale  ochraceous.    The  primaries  are 
rufous  ochraceous,  with  the  fringes  brown;  they  are  marked  by  five  nar- 
row, transverse,  brown  lines,  viz.:  a  basal,  a  subbasal,  two  transverse 
limbal,  and  a  submarginal  line.    The  submarginal  line  is  broader  than  the 
rest  and  less  sharply  defined;  the  outermost  of  the  transverse  limbal  lines 
is  composed  of  a  series  of  regularly  curved  lines  located  upon  the  inter- 
spaces.    This  series  is  sharply  deflected  toward  the  base  at  the  first  sub- 
costal nervule.      The  innermost  of  the  transverse  limbal  lines  and  the 
subbasal  line  approach  «each  other  as  they  draw  near  the  inner  margin. 
The  secondaries  are  fuscous  on  the  basal  third,  and  bright  yellow  on  the 
outer  two-thirds,  except  where  crossed  by  a  broad  black  submarginal 
band,  which  diminishes  in  size  from  the  outer  angle  toward  the  inner 
margin.     On  the  underside  both  wings  are  paler;  both  have  a  lunulate 
discal  spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell;  both  are  traversed  beyond  the  cell  by 
incomplete  transverse  bands  parallel  to  the  outer  margin.    Of  these  bands 
the  submarginal  band  is  the  heaviest.     The  primaries  are  marked  above 
the  outer  angle  by  a  large,  round,  blackish  spot. 

9. — The  female  does  not  greatly  differ  from  the  male,  except  in  the 
greater  robustness  of  the  abdomen.     Expanse:  cf,  65  mm.;   9-  7°  nim. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  59 

NAXIA  Guen. 

5.  N.  apiciplaga  sp.  nov.  rf. — Palpi,  front,  patagia  and  upperside  of  the 
thorax,  dark  brown;  the  upper  and  lowersides  of  the  abdomen  and  the 
lowerside  of  the  thorax  are  dark  fuscous.  The  legs  are  concolorous,  the 
tarsi  are  ringed  with  whitish.  The  primaries  are  dark  brown,  marked 
with  darker  geminate  crenulated  basal,  subbasal,  median,  limbal,  and 
submarginal  transverse  lines.  At  the  base  the  intervals  between  the  lines 
are  paler,  and  toward  the  costa  bright  ferruginous.  On  the  costa  toward 
the  apex  is  a  large  subtriangular  patch  of  gray  margined  inwardly  with 
silvery  white  and  accentuated  on  the  costa  by  three  minute  white  spots. 
The  fringes  are  whitish,  except  at  the  outer  angle,  where  they  are  black- 
ish. The  secondaries  are  dark  blackish  fuscous,  with  the  base  clothed 
with  grayish  hairs.  The  fringes  are  broadly  whitish  from  the  outer  angle 
to  the  end  of  the  first  median  nervule.  On  the  underside  both  wings  are 
cloudy  fuliginous,  crossed  with  a  number  of  parallel,  crenulated,  darker 
lines;  both  have  the  outer  margins  laved  with  light  gray;  both  are  heavily 
clouded  with  black  about  the  middle  near  the  outer  margin.  The  prima- 
ries have  the  inner  margin  pale  gray.  Expanse  55  mm. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  II. 


Fig.  i.  Minncia  vcrecnndci  sp.  nov. 

"  2.  Lag  opt  era  rubricata  sp.  nov. 

"  3.  Naxia  apicipla  sp.  nov. 

"  4.  Ac/ura  lioiardi  Bcisd. 

"  5.   Ophiodes  croceipennis  Walk. 

"  6.  cafoca/ina  sp.  nov. 

"  7.  Sphuigouiorpha  pndens  sp.  nov. 

"  8.  Lagoptera  parallel epipeda  Guen. 


-o- 


A  NEW  SCALE-INSECT  ON  AGAVE. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL. 

Aspidiotus  bowreyi,  n.  sp. — Female  scales  crowded  on  the  plant,  re-mind- 
ing one  of  Pseudoparlatoria  ostrcata.  Scale  elongate,  slightly  over  2 
mm.  long,  gray,  with  the  circular  blackish  exuvi;r  towards  one  end;  first 
skin  covered.  When  the  film  of  secretion  is  removed,  the  exuvia-  are 
shining  black.  Female  (after  boiling  in  caustic  soda)  broad  pyriform, 
pale  yellow.  Three  pairs  of  terminal  lobes,  none  very  prominent ;  mid- 
dle pair  close  together  but  not  touching,  low,  with  truncate  ends;  second 
and  third  pairs  broader,  the  third  pair  inconspicuous.  IScyond  the  lobes 
the  margin  presents  live  distinct  serrations,  and  beyond  these  some  indis- 
tinct serration.  The  club-shaped  thickenings  (such  as  Comstock  de- 
scribes in  A.  snii/acis}  are  very  distinct  ;  there  is  a  small  one  at  the  inner 


60  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

margin  of  each  median  lobe,  and  four  larger  ones  on  each  side  beyond, 
namely  at  the  outer  margin  of  the  middle  lobe,  at  each  side  of  the  second 
lobe,  and  besides  the  third  lobe.  Two  rows  of  orifices  run  parallel  with 
the  margin,  somewhat  as  in  Maskell's  figure  of  A.  corokitz.  Four  groups 
of  ventral  glands,  the  cephalolaterals  of  about  seven,  the  caudolalerals 
of  about  eight.  Anal  orifice  a  considerable  distance  from  the  hind  end. 

Hab. — On  Agave  rigida,  at  Hope,  Jamaica.     Collected  by  Mr. 
J.  J.  Bowrey,  sent  by  Prof.  C.  H.  T.  Townsend. 

This  interesting  species  is  noteworthy  for  the  form  of  the  scale 
of  the  female,  which  is  elongate  with  the  exuviae  to  one  end,  after 
the  manner  of  the  male  scale  of  A.  biformis  and  other  species. 
Females  with  young  were  sent,  but  the  male  has  not  yet  been 
observed.  This  is  not  the  first  Coccid  found  on  Agave,  for,  in 
1888,  Mr.  Douglas  described  Coccus  {Gymnococcns}  agavium, 
found  on  an  Agave  which  came  from  North  America,  but  still 
unknown  to  collectors  in  this  countrv. 


-o- 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  CERTAIN  GEOMETRID  LARV/E. 

By  HARRISON  G.   DYAR,   New  York. 

Sabulodes  dositheata  Guen. 

Egg. — Elliptical,  flattened  above  and  below,  slightly  hollowed  above, 
smooth,  shining  pale  pearly  green.  Under  a  microscope  it  is  very  slightly 
irregularly  creased.  Size  .9  +  .6  +  .5  mm.  Laid  in  a  cluster  of  about 
40  or  less  on  the  underside  of  a  leaf. 

Young  larva  (stage  iii?). — Head  round,  pale,  with  a  brownish  tinge,  es- 
pecially around  mouth  and  sides;  ocelli  black;  a  few  setae;  width  0.7  mm. 
Body  green,  tinged  with  white,  pale  ventrally.  A  broad,  subdorsal, 
blackish  shade-band  which,  as  well  as  the  ground  color,  contains  several 
indistinct,  whitish,  longitudinal  lines.  A  row  of  medio-ventral  dark  brown 
spots. 

Mature  larva  (stage  vi?). — Head  rounded,  sordid  white,  brown  on  the 
mouth  parts,  ocelli  black;  width  2.6  mm.  Body  cylindrical,  plump,  ab- 
dominal feet  on  joints  10  and  13,  the  joints  between  small.  A  few  small, 
pale  setae  from  the  surface  of  the  body.  Color  milky-white  or  pale  green, 
darker  dorsally,  with  germinate  dorsal,  single  subdorsal,  lateral  and  stig- 
matal  pale  yellow  lines,  all  rather  broad  with  irregular  edges.  Spiracles 
pale  ochre.  Anal  plate  white.  A  white  line  on  anal  feet.  Thoraic  feet 
white,  with  black  tips. 

Pupa. — Smooth,  obsoletely  wrinkled.  On  the  head,  just  back  of  the 
eyes,  a  small  warty  prominence  ;  cremaster  flattened,  tapering,  granular; 
its  hooks  well  fastened  into  the  silk  of  the  cocoon.  Color  uniform  milky- 
white,  except  the  antenna  cases,  which  are  bright  brown,  strongly  con- 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  6l 

trasting,  the  color  passing  over  vertex  of  head.  Length  20  mm.;  width 
6  mm. 

Cocoon. — Composed  entirely  of  silk,  white,  resembling  a  spider's  nest. 
Spun  between  leaves  or  in  a  folded  leaf  on  the  tree. 

Food-plants. — Eucalyptus,  Ricinus,  Rhatmius,  Salix,  etc. 

Larvae  from  Santa  Barbara,  Cal.  All  the  species  here  de- 
scribed, except  the  two  following  and  the  last  one,  were  kindly 
determined  by  Dr.  Geo.  T.  Hulst. 

Endropia  hypochraria  H.-S. 

First  stage. — Head  red-brown,  with  a  lateral  white  spot  and  one  above 
the  mouth;  width  .4mm.  Body  six  times  banded,  with  whitish  bands  be- 
tween the  thoracic  and  abdominal  feet,  the  bands  containing  rather  large 
white  spots.  A  brown  ventral  line.  Lenth  4  mm. 

Second  stage. — Head  white;  a  large  carmine-brown  patch  covers  the 
vertex  and  extends  down  each  side  before  the  eyes  and  above  the  mouth; 
width  6  mm.  Body  carmine-brown,  marked  as  before. 

Third  stage. — Head  as  before,  the  brown  patch  more  extensive;  width 
.9  mm.  Pale  bands  on  the  body  much  interrupted;  later  the  head  be- 
comes brown  mottled  with  white,  black  in  front  with  two  irregular  ver- 
tical white  lines  and  white  clypeus.  Body  purple-brown  finely  streaked 
longitudinally  with  yellowish;  venter  yellowish;  subdorsal  yellow  spots 
on  joints  5,  6,  7  and  8  and  stigmatal  black  ones  on  joints  5-9. 

Fourth  stage. — Head  pale  brown  with  dark  brown  mottlings  and  a  ver- 
tical black  band  each  side  of  the  front,  dentate  inwardly,  the  two  con- 
joined at  the  vertex  and  above  mouth;  width  about  1.3  mm.  Body  yel- 
lowish wood-brown,  mottled  with  darker  brown,  with  an  indistinct  dorsal 
and  ventral  band  and  subdorsal,  lateral  and  two  subventral  rows  of  mi- 
nute segmentary  elevated  black  spots,  each  of  the  latter  bearing  a  small, 
inconspicuous  black  hair;  spiracles  black.  Length  29  mm. 

Fifth  stage. — Head  as  before;  width  1.8  mm.  Body  also  the  same. 
Ventral  pale  band  bordered  sharply  with  dark  brown  subdorsal  and  sub- 
stigmatal  interrupted  bands,  paler  than  the  ground  color. 

Si.rth  stage. — Head  pale  brown,  mottled  with  darker  brown;  white  in 
front  with  black  specks  and  mottlings,  separating  two  broad  black  bands 
which  unite  at  the  vertex.  Width  2.7  mm.  Body  rust-red,  with  fine  lon- 
gitudinal wavy  black  lines  in  germinate  dorsal,  three  or  four  irregular 
lateral  and  four  ventral  bands;  between  the  two  pairs,  or  the  latter,  a  broad 
pale  medio-ventral  band.  Feet  and  joint,  2  paler.  The  Vniuute  pilifer- 
ous  tubercles  are  black.  The  spiracles  have  a  black  border. 

Pupa. — Formed  in  a  folded  leaf  and  held  in  place  by  numerous  threads. 
It  is  black,  shining,  red-brown   in   all   the   sutures  and  joinings  of  tin- 
parts.     The  abdominal  segments  taper   rapidly;   the  cremaster  is  large 
and  stout  and  terminates  in  two  much-recurved  '-pines  with  several  shorter 
knobbed  hairs  growing  from  their  bases.     Length  15  mm. 


62  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

Food-plants.— Found  on  Sassafras  (S.  offidnale),  but  readily  ate  other 
leaves. 

From  Dutchess  County,  N.  Y. 

Angeronia  crocataria  Fabr. 

I  think  it  worthy  of  record  that  this  species  hibernates  in  the 
larva  state  when  well  grown.  From  eggs  laid  in  August  larvae 
were  produced  which  reached  the  fifth  stage  and  hibernated. 
The  larva  in  the  first  four  stages,  and  also  at  maturity,  is  green; 
but  in  the  fifth,  or  hibernating  stage,  there  is  a  marked  change 
of  color.  After  the  fourth  molt  it  is  pale,  dull  brown  above,  a 
little  darker  at  the  sides,  paler  below,  evenly  concolorous  and 
ceases  feeding. 

Probole  amicaria  H  .-S. 

Head  whitish  green  with  a  vertical,  pulverulent,  crimson  line  before  the 
ocelli;  mouth  brownish,  ocelli  black;  width  1.4  mm.  Body  the  same 
whitish  green:  a  dorsal  crimson  band,  broadly  interrupted  on  the  middle 
of  each  segment  and  furcate  on  joint  2,  the  forks  meeting  the  lines  on 
the  head.  Feet  slightly  touched  with  crimson. 

Last  stage. — As  before;  the  stripes  on  the  head  very  pulverulent;  width 
2.2  mm.  Later  the  markings  become  deep  carmine-brown,  fainter  than 
before  and  blended,  with  obscure,  similarly-colored  mottlings  over  the 
body.  A  transverse  stripe  across  the  dorsum  on  joint  3,  another  on 
joint  S,  a  little  elevated  and  preceded  by  two  dots,  around  which  partly 
extends  a  shade  from  the  band.  Spiracles  ringed  with  black. 

Food-plant. — Found  on  dogwood  (cornus). 

Larva  from  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y. 

Synchlora  excurvaria  Pack. 

Head  pale  brown,  minutely  pilose.  Body  with  the  segments  projecting 
laterally  in  points,  the  dorsum  roughened.  On  these  lateral  processes 
the  larva  attaches  various  objects,  which  gives  it  a  strange  appearance. 
Body  light  brown  with  black  shades  and  an  interrupted  dorsal  line.  Two 
reddish  points  anteriorly  on  joints  3-9  and  13;  other  elevated  reddish 
spots  laterally  and  fine  hairs;  the  skin  granular.  On  joints  5-9  are  curi- 
ous structures  composed  of  pieces  of  dead  leaves,  etc.  After  moulting 
the  larva  applied  several  pieces  of  green  leaf  to  itself,  which  subsequently 
withered,  and  also  some  pieces  of  paper  from  its  label.  Length  about 
12  mm.;  width  of  head  i  mm. 

Cocoon. — Composed  of  the  material  which  the  larva  carried  on  its 
back,  spun  together  with  silk. 

Pupa. — Pale  wood-brown;  a  blackish  dorsal  line;  a  point  above  i-ach 
eye,  a  line  on  antenna  cases  and  the  eyrs  blackish.  Indistinct  brownish 
shades  and  spots  throughout.  Length  8  mm. 

Larva  from  Lake  Worth,  Fla. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  63 

Semiothisa  granitata  Guen. 

Head  with  rounded  lobes,  flat  in  front;  white  before,  reddish  at  sides, 
with  some  brownish  spots  and  a  black  patch  below  the  apex  of  each  lobe; 
ocelli  black,  mouth  sordid  whitish;  width  1.2  mm.  Abdominal  feet  pres- 
ent on  joints  10  and  13,  normal.  On  each  segment  a  series  of  low,  smooth, 
black  tubercles,  each  bearing  a  rather  long,  black  hair;  a  dorsal  and  lat- 
eral row  of  white,  intersegmental  patches  4ind  an  interrupted  orange, 
subclorsal  band;  the  rest  of  the  body  finely  mottled  with  black  and  white 
on  a  sordid  purplish  ground  color;  a  black  dorsal  patch  in  the  centre  of 
each  segment.  Thoracic  feet  black. 

Pupa. — Wing  cases  prominent,  rounded;  abdomen  cylindrical,  slightly 
tapering;  cremaster  conical,  with  two  divergent  spines;  cases  creased, 
abdomen  minutely  punctured.  Color  blackish  brown.  Length  iomm.; 
width  3  mm. 

Food-plants. — Ribes 

Larva  from  Yosmite,  Cal. 

Phasiaie  irrorata  Pack. 

Head  rounded,  green  with  a  yellowish  line  behind  the  eyes;  antennae 
pale.  Body  cylindrical,  abdominal  feet  on  joints  ioandi3.  Color  green, 
finely  streaked  longitudinally  with  yellowish  on  dorsum  and  venter;  a 
stigmatal  yellow  band  on  the  fold,  continuous  with  the  band  on  the  head 
and  passing  on  to  the  last  pair  of  abdominal  feet.  A  few  short,  black 
seta?,  visible  with  a  lens. 

Pupa. — Abdomen  tapering,  punctured;  wing  cases  slightly  creased; 
cremaster  long,  tapering,  ending  in  two  divergent  points.  Color  brown. 

Food- plant. — Cotton  wood  (Populiis} . 

Larva  from  Phoenix,  Ariz. 

Selidosema  jutumaria  Guen. 

Head  scarcely  shining,  greenish,  testaceous,  ocelli  brown,  mouth  brown- 
ish; width  i. 8  mm.  Abdominal  feet  on  joints  10  and  13.  Color  green, 
the  folds  of  the  segmental  incisures  yellowish.  A  dorsal  band  of  four 
narrow,  pale  yellow  lines  and  a  broader  stigmatal  line,  all  slightly  wavy. 
Spiracles  faintly  reddish.  The  larva  rests  flat  on  the  leaf  like  a  Noctuid. 

Pupa. — Cylindrical,  rounded;  the  abdomen  small,  tapering;  cases 
finely  creased,  body  punctured  ;  cremaster  cylindrical,  tapering,  with 
two  outcurving  thick  spines  from  its  end.  Length  15  mm.;  width  5  mm. 

Food -plant.  —  /\  ha  in  mis. 

Larva  from  Yosemite,  Cal. 

Eucaterva  variaria  <  •  n  >te. 

/''.?.?  (from  abdomen  of  V  moth).-  Llliptical,  flattened  on  two  opposite 
sides  and  truncate  at  one  end,  densely  covered  with  hexagonal  depres- 
sions; color  very  pale  green.  Length  .Smm.,  thickness  .5111111.  I'luk-rthe 
microscope  the  hexagonal  areas  are  seen  to  be  formed  by  broad,  elevated, 


64  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [February, 

reticulated  lines,  more  or  less  granular  and  often  broken.  These  eleva- 
tions are  nearly  white.  The  truncate  end  of  the  egg  has  an  outer  elevated 
ridge  and  an  inner  one,  between  which  is  a  ring-like  depression.  The 
central  elevation  is  hollowed  to  form  the  micropyle,  and  the  reticulations 
radiate  around  it. 

Larva  (from  cast  skin). — Head  round,  the  clypeus  triangular,  smooth, 
with  a  few  short  hairs;  white,  with  numerous  black  dots,  here  and  there 
partly  confluent  (like  the  wings  of  the  moth),  less  thick  on  the  lower  part 
of  the  head.  Clypeus  white,  with  two  confluent  black  dots  near  its  apex; 
ocelli  six,  black;  labrum  and  jaws  brown;  width  about  2.2  mm.  Anal 
plate  large,  oblong,  white,  dotted  with  black,  like  the  head,  but  the  spots 
more  confluent.  The  body  may  have  been  white  with  black  marks. 
Spiracles  black. 

Pupa  (from  empty  skin) . — Skin  thin,  so  that  it  is  misshapen  after  the  exit 
of  the  moth;  apparently  cylindrical,  a  littlle  tapering  on  the  abdomen  with 
rounded  ends  cremaster ;  short,  broad,  with  six  spines,  recurved  at  their 
ends,  the  two  posterior  ones  arising  from  slightly  elevated  conical  bases. 
Color  apparently  very  pale  brown,  or  perhaps  nearly  white,  with  a  slight 
bluish  bloom  over  the  surface.  Length  16  mm  ;  width  4  mm. 

Cocoon. — Spun  among  th°  narrow  leaves  of  its  food-plant;  composed 
entirely  of  silk;  a.  dense  network,  the  strands  thick,  so  that  the  cocoon 
looks  as  if  full  of  round  holes.  Inside  of  this  is  another  slight  netting, 
obscuring  the  pupa  from  view.  Shape  oblong,  rounded;  color  white,  ir- 
regularly stained  with  yellowish.  Length  23  mm.;  width  10  mm. 

The  food-plant  is  Chilopsis  saligna  (Townsend). 
From  Las  Cruces,  N.  M.,  sent  by  Mr.  C.  H.  Tyler  Townsend 
(see  "  Psyche,"  vol.  vi,  page  258). 


WHILE  traveling  in  Poland,  Prof.  Jaeger  visited  the  highly  accomplished 
Countess  Ragowska,  at  her  country  residence,  when  she  exhibited  her 
fine,  scientifically-arranged  collection  of  butterflies  and  other  insects,  and 
told  him  that  she  had  personally  instructed  her  children  in  botany,  history 
and  geography  by  means  of  her  entomological  collection — botany,  from 
the  plants  on  which  the  various  larvae  feed;  history,  from  the  names,  as 
Menclans,  Berenice,  etc.,  given  as  specific  names  to  the  perfect  insects; 
and  geography,  from  the  native  countries  of  the  several  specimens.  From 
the  scientific  names  of  insects,  and  the  technical  terms  employed  in  their 
study,  quite  a  knowledge  of  Latin  and  Greek,  and  philosophy  in  general, 
might  also  he  gained. — Cuzvati's  Curious  Facts. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  January,  1^91,  \vas  mailed  Dec.  28,  1893. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.  v. 


MARCH,   1894. 


No.  3. 


CONTENTS: 


Hulst — Elementary  Entomology 65 

Editorial 72 

Economic  Entomology 73 

Notes  and  News 77 

Entomological  Literature Si 

Entomological  Section 85 


Fox— Studies  among  the  Fossorial  Hy- 

menoptera 86 

Holland — Some  new  and  little-known 

African  Hesperiidae 89 

Mengel — Description  of  new  species  of 
Myscejia  from  western  Mexico 96 


ELEMENTARY  ENTOMOLOGY. 

LEPIDOPTERA-HETEROCERA  (Moths). 
By  GEO.  D.  HULST,  Ph.D. 


The  Geometrina  comprise  about  600  described  species,  and 
there  remain  probably  from  200  to  300  species  to  be  described. 

They  are,  as  a  rule,  slender-bodied  moths,  with  large,  frail 
wings,  and  a  weak  flight.  The  labial  palpi  are  usually  rather 
short,  not  more  than  half  the  length  of  the  head,  projecting  for- 
ward, with  the  end  member  usually  very  short;  sometimes  as  long- 
as  the  head,  very  rarely  recurved.  In  two  instances  only  in  the 
males  they  extend  far  forward,  with  second  member  very  long, 
the  palpi  being  decidedly  Deltoid  in  appearance. 

The  maxillary  palpi  are  wanting.  I  have,  by  careful  bleaching 
under  a  strong  power,  found  rudiments,  but  these  are  scarcely  to 
be  noticed  here. 

The  antennae  are  very  variable.  In  the  females  they  are  more 
simple  in  character  than  in  the  males,  being  generally  ciliate  and 
rarely  bipectinate.  In  the  males  they  vary. from  the  simplest 
form  through  serrate  and  dentate  to  very  broadly  plumose  bi- 
pectinate. With  us  no  form  has  been  found  with  unipectinate 
antenme  as  in  other  parts  of  the  world,  and  one  only  with  an- 
tennae doubly  bipectinate. 

3 


66  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [March, 

The  tongue  is  generally  well  developed,  long  though  slender. 
In  a  few  cases  it  is  wanting. 

The  ocelli  are  generally  wanting,  and  are  never  prominent. 

The  eyes  are  very  uniform  in  character,  being  generally  large, 
globose,  prominent  and  naked. 

The  clypeus  is  variable  in  appearance,  generally  broad  and 
subquadrate.  It  is  sometimes  broader  than  long,  and  rarely  very 
narrow,  with  the  eyes  almost  joined.  It  varies  generally  from 
being  flat  to  being  well  rounded,  and  is  rarely  tubercled.  The 
vestiture  is  generally  scaly  and  close,  but  very  often  the  front  is 
tufted,  and  rarely  with  hairs. 

The  head,  a?  a  whole,  is  generally  large,  prominent  and  free, 
though  in  the  Bombycoid  forms  there  is  a  strong  tendency  to 
retraction  and  smallness,  as  well  as  to  a  loss  of  the  tongue,  and 
an  increase  in  hairness  and  quantity  of  vestiture. 

The  thorax  is  generally  slender  and  weak.  The  vestiture  is 
•generally  loose.  There  is  rarely  a  dorsal  crest,  more  often  low 
posterior  tufts.  The  patagiae  are  well  developed,  loose,  fluffy. 

The  wings  are  generally  very  large  for  the  size  of  the  body, 
though  frail.  They  are  always  present  in  the  males,  but  in  a  few 
cases  are  aborted  or  entirely  wanting  in  the  females.  Ordinarily, 
where  present  the  wings  have  sharper  apices  and  angles  in  the 
females  than  in  the  males.  The  wings  vary  in  shape  from  very 
broad  almost  to  lanceolate  ;  apices  and  angles  are  broadly 
rounded,  or  extended  and  acute;  margins  even,  angulated,  in- 
cised or  eroded.  They  are  generally  covered  with  short  scales 
closely  laid,  as  a  rule;  but  these  are  often  in  part,  sometimes  al- 
together, transformed  into  close-lying  hairs.  In  a  few  cases  the 
wings  of  the  males  are  ornamented  with  tuftings  or  pencils  of 
hairs. 

The  venation  is  extremely  variable  ;  far  more  so,  probably, 
than  any  other  family  of  the  Lepidoptera:  both  as  the  species 
are  compared,  and  in  the  individuals  of  the  species.  The  fore 
wings  are  generally  12-veined,  though  in  individual  specimens  13 
are  found,  the  last  being  along  the  costa  nearer  the  base  than  12. 
Vein  ii  is  very  often  wanting,  so  that  many  species  have  n  veins 
only,  though  this  cannot  be  depended  upon  to  any  great  extent 
for  classification,  as  in  any  specimen  of  the  species  vein  1 1  is 
likely  to  appear.  There  are  one  or  two  internal  veins.  Vein  5 
is  generally  from  near  the  middle  of  the  outer  edge  of  the  cell. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  67 

Veins  7,  8  and  9  nearly  always  on  one  stem.  In  very  many 
species,  more  generally  in  the  n-veined  ones,  there  is  a  vitreous 
spot  or  fovea,  as  Mr.  Meyrick  calls  it,  at  the  base  of  la  in  the 
fore  wings  beneath.  In  a  few  cases  a  pencil  of  hairs  near  the  same 
spot.  In  one  of  our  species  there  are  8  veins  only  in  the  fore 
wings,  and  in  very  many  the  relations  of  10,  n  and  12  are  ex- 
tremely variable,  these  separating  or  anastomosing  in  the  indi- 
vidual species  without  regard  to  uniformity.  In  some  cases  there 
is  no  accessory  cell,  in  many  there  is  one,  in  many  two.  In  some 
cases  there  is  a  subcostal  cell,  but  12  is  generally  free. 

The  hind  wings  have  normally  8  veins.  There  are  one  or  two 
internal  veins,  and  the  position  of  all  veins  presents  great  varia- 
tion. Veins  3  and  4  generally  separate,  are  sometimes  stemmed. 
Vein  5,  generally  near  the  centre  of  the  outer  margin  of  the  cell, 
is  very  often  wanting,  or  merely  a  fold.  Veins  6  and  7  may  be 
separate  or  stemmed;  vein  8  may  be  stemmed  with  the  anterior 
part  of  th^  cell,  joined  near  its  base  only,  joined  by  a  short  cross- 
bar, or  entirely  separate.  The  wing  often  has  a  vitreous  spot  or 
fold  below  at  base  near  vein  8,  and  the  inner  edge  is  quite  otten 
modified  by  a  fold  and  hair  tuftings. 

The  abdomen  is  slender,  rather  long,  sometimes  with  lateral 
or  dorsal  tufts  in  the  male. 

The  legs  present  very  considerable  variation.  They  are  gen- 
erally long,  slender  and  frail,  in  some  cases  very  long.  The  fore 
tibice  are  rarely  spined.  The  epiphysis  is  always  present,  and  is 
often  prolonged  to  beyond  the  end  of  the  tibiae. 

The  middle  legs  are,  with  one  exception,  armed  with  a  pair  of 
spurs  at  the  end  of  the  tibiae,  and  are  very  uniform. 

The  hind  legs  are  generally  longer  than  the  others,  and  are 
usually  with  a  pair  of  spurs  at  the  end,  and  another  pair  above 
near  the  middle  of  tibia.  In  a  few  cases  the  legs  are  so  much 
aborted  as  to  be  useless,  and  in  a  few  are  simply  rudimentary  in 
character.  Many  are  furnished  with  a  long  pencil  of  hairs;  this 
starts  from  the  upper  portion  of  the  tibia  and  reaches  to  the  lower 
end,  being  ordinarily  concealed  in  a  long  groove  on  the  inner 
side;  where  the  hair  pencil  exists  there. is  always  a  swelling  and 
enlargement  of  the  tibia,  and  a  shortening  and  abortion  of  the 
spurs  and  tarsi.  This  is  a  characteristic  of  the  males,  though  in 
some  cases  there  is  a  loss  of  spurs  in  the  female.  The  history  of 
variation  in  the  hind  legs  seems  to  be  as  follows:  The  legs  arc 


68  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [March, 

normally  long  and  slender,  with  two  pairs  of  spurs.  Then  for 
ornamentation  the  tufting  is  evolved,  with  the  tibia  correspond- 
ingly developed  at  the  expense  of  the  spurs  and  tarsi.  Soon  the 
eg  becomes  an  appendage  for  ornamentation  only,  not  for  walk- 
ing. But,  not  being  used  for  walking,  its  muscular  power  fails, 
without  a  recovery  of  its  normal  power,  the  other  legs  being 
sufficient  for  thai  purpose.  With  the  loss  of  muscular  energy 
the  tufting  vanishes,  the  tibia  contracts  and  weakens,  and  the 
whole  leg  becomes  more  and  more  rudimentary. 

The  moths  have  a  weak  uncertain  flight,  rarely  prolonged. 
They  are,  as  a  rule,  easily  disturbed  by  day.  They  hide  during 
the  hours  of  light  underneath  leaves  and  rubbish,  or  against  the 
bark  of  trees,  which  in  coloration  they  much  resemble.  In  re- 
pose the  wings  lie  flat,  but  generally  partly  spread.  They  are 
most  abundantly  found  among  plants  in  rich  dark  woods,  and  in 
damp  swampy  valleys. 

The  eggs  are  generally  oval,  slightly  flattened,  and  covered 
with  reticulated  spaces. 

The  larva  are  largely  characteristic  from  their  peculiar  mode 
of  progression.  One  or  more  pairs  of  the  abdominal  legs  are 
wanting,  and  to  move  the  hind  part  of  the  body  is  drawn  for- 
ward, curving  up  the  central  portion.  They  are  consequently 
called  "  loopers"  or  "  measuring  worms."  In  a  few  species  the 
first,  or  first  two  pairs  of  abdominal  legs  are  wanting;  in  the  great 
majority  the  first  three  pairs  are  aborted.  The  two  hind  pairs 
are  correspondingly  developed  and  muscular. 

The  larva  is  generally  naked,  slender,  cylindrical,  rarely  with 
extended  processes,  but  generally  more  or  less  roughened,  mim- 
icing  in  appearance  living  or  dead  twigs,  or  the  petioles  of  leaves. 
They  are  generally  nocturnal  in  habit,  during  the  day  descending 
to  the  ground  or  sitting  rigid  upon  their  hind  legs  with  the  body 
raised  and  extended  in  a  nearly  straight  line.  They  spin  a  thread 
of  silk  as  they  move  along,  and  when  disturbed  are  apt  to  drop 
by  this  to  the  ground.  They  are  as  a  consequence  easily  col- 
lected by  beating  bushes  and  plants  over  an  umbrella. 

The  larvae  are  often  of  economic  importance,  a  few,  such  as 
the  canker  worms,  becoming  pests  in  certain  parts  of  the  country. 

The  pupa  is  generally  slender,  naked,  and  elongated;  some- 
times suspended  by  the  extremity  of  the  abdomen,  and  with  a 
girth  of  silk  about  the  thorax,  sometimes  in  a  thin  cocoon,  and 
sometimes  it  is  subterranean. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  69 

The  Geometrina  are,  in  the  main,  very  easily  separated  from 
other  families  of  the  Lepidoptera,  but  in  some  cases  they  very 
nearly  approach  certain  Bombycina  and  Noctuina.  From  the 
latter  they  can  be  distinguished  by  the  position  of  vein  5  of  the 
fore  wings,  which  in  the  Noctuina  is  close  to  4,  at  the  lower  angle 
of  the  cell,  while  in  the  Geometrina  it  is  near  the  middle  of  the 
outer  edge  of  the  cell. 

From  the  Bombycina  they  are  separated  by  a  phase  of  struc- 
ture which  is  at  once  characteristic  and  exclusive — namely,  the 
structure  of  the  larva.  The  tendency  of  the  Bombycina  is  to- 
wards the  modification  of  the  posterior  abdominal  legs  to  other 
uses,  often  resulting  in  their  entire  abortion.  In  the  Geometrina 
the  tendency  is  to  give  them  more  power  by  an  abortion  of  the 
anterior  abdominal  legs.  I  am  aware  that  entomologists  look 
with  little  favor  upon  taking  anything  but  the  mature  insect  in 
classification,  but  embryology  will  change  that.  In  botany,  and 
elsewhere  in  zoology,  embryological  characters  are  regarded  as 
being  of  the  greatest  importance,  and  certainly  a  student  can 
locate  his  insect  as  closely  by  the  eyesight  only  from  the  larvae  as 
he  can  from  the  imagines.  The  species  is  the  insect  in  both 
sexes,  and  in  its  whole  history. 

The  classification  of  the  Geometrina  has  been  largely  artificial 
and  empirical.  The  systematists  have  seemingly  arranged  their 
collections  as  nearly  as  it  seemed  they  ought  to  be  from  appear- 
ance, and  made  their  genera  conform  to  peculiarities  of  appear- 
ance or  the  more  obvious  breaks  in  the  line.  There  was  no 
ability,  and  rarely  any  effort  to  exclusive  definition.  Some  have, 
through  Hiibner,  Curtis,  Stephens,  Treitschke,  Duponchel  and 
Guenee,  a  classification  without  structural  definition,  and  this  has 
culminated  with  the  system  of  von  Gumpenberg,  who  follows 
the  law  that  "nothing  shall  be  used  in  classification  which  re- 
quires the  use  of  the  glass,  or  the  denuding  in  any  way  of  the 
insect."  The  early  systematists  of  course  are  to  be  pardoned, 
as  they  were  pioneers  groping  their  way  to  the  light. 

A  structural  classification  was  begun  by  Herrich-Schaeffer, 
and  vastly  bettered  by  Lederer.  whose  system  has  been  followed 
in  Europe  from  his  time  till  now.  Both,  however,  had  in  their 
systems  much  that  was  not  based  on  structure. 

In  1892,  Mr.  Edward  Meyrick,  of  England,  published  a  paper 
on  the  "Classification  of  the  Geometrina  of  the  European 


70  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

Fauna,"  in  which  he  gave  a  classification  rigidly  based  on  struc- 
ture, while  following  as  far  as  pqssible  the  line  of  superficial  re- 
semblances. He  also  follows,  the  now  universally-received  law 
of  priority  in  the  use  of  generic  names.  We  have  thus  a  classi- 
fication which  is  thoroughly  structural,  and  promises  to  be  more 
or  less  permanent.  And  we  have  generic  names  which  cannot 
be  superseded,  thus  giving  a  permanent  nomenclature. 

As  applied  to  our  own  fauna,  adding  where  it  does  not  apply, 
as  well  as  changing  in  some  items  of  importance,  Mr.  Meyrick's 
classification  is  as  follows,  by  synopsis,  so  far  as  families  go: 

GEOMETRINA. 

1.  Hind  wings. — Vein  5  present  and  strong 2. 

Hind  wings. — Vein  wanting,  or  a  fold  only Ennomidae. 

2.  Hind  wings. — Vein  8  anastomosing  with  cell  more  than  one-half  its 

length;  or  when  separate,  joined  by  a  cross-bar  beyond  the  middle 

of  the  cell Hydriomeniidae. 

Hind  wings. — Vein  8  entirely  separate  from  cell,  or  joined  only  shortly 
at  base 3. 

3.  Fore  wings. — Veins  6  and  7  stemmed,  separate  from  8  and  9. 

Microaiidae. 
Fore  wings. — Vein  7  long  stemmed  with  S  and  9 4. 

4.  Hind  wings. — Vein  5  much  nearer  6  than  4 Geometridae. 

Hind  wings. — Vein  5  near  middle  of  cell 5. 

5.  Hind  wings. — Vein  8  separate  from  cell  at  base,  then  shortly  anasto- 

mosing, then  rapidly  diverging Sterrhidae. 

Hind  wings. — Vein  8  entirely  separate  from  cell,  or  shortly  joined  at 
base,  then  subparallel  with  cell Monoctaenidae. 

The  Ennomidae  cover  many  divergent  forms.  Ripida  has 
doubly  bipectinated  antennae.  Many  species  have  1 1  veins  only 
in  the  fore  wings,  and  many  have  the  basal  fovea  beneath  in  the 
male.  These  correspond  to  what  has  been  known  as  the  Boar- 
minae.  The  greatest  aberrancy  is  shown  in  wing  form  among  the 
Ennomidae,  as  the  species  have  the  borders  very  variable  through 
angulation. 

The  Hydriomeniidae  cover  what  has  been  known  as  Eupithecia 
and  the  Cidaridae.  Some  of  the  species  have  the  inner  margin 
of  the  hind  wings  modified  by  a  lobe  or  tufting,  as  Calocalft'. 
Those  where  vein  8  is  joined  with  the  cell  in  the  hind  win^s  also 
have  the  inner  edge  of  these  wings  much  modified  in  some  cases, 
and  are  known  as  the  Lobophorime.  Dyspteris  falls  in  this 
group. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  ~  I 

The  Microniidse  include  only  a  few  genera  with  us.  They  are 
far  more  largely  represented  in  the  tropics.  Leucida,  Calledap- 
teryx  and  Callizzia  belong  here. 

The  Geometridse  include  most  of  the  green  moths.  They  vary 
much  in  the  sexes  so  far  as  the  palpi  and  post-tibial  spurs  go. 

The  Sterrhidae  take  the  place  of  the  Acidaliinae.  They  are 
very  closely  connected  with  the  Geometridae,  and  here  the  greatest 
variation  in  the  structure  of  the  hind  legs  is  found.  Goniaci- 
dalia  has  but  8  veins  in  the  fore  wings. 

The  Monoctaenidae  (another  new  name  to  us)  are  poorly  rep- 
resented in  our  fauna,  though  a  very  large  family  in  Australia 
and  the  far  East.  They  connect  the  Hydriomeniuhe  with  the 
Geometridae,  and  are  represented  by  the  genera  Brephos,  Bap- 
tria,  Paleacrita,  and  a  few  others. 

A  full  classification  of  the  Geometrina  following  Mr.  Mey rick's 
method  is  now  in  preparation,  and  will  shortly  be  published. 


THE  statement  in  the  "Canadian  Entomologist"  vol.  xxv,  p.  310,  of 
Rev.  W.  J.  Holland  that  a  specimen  of  Erebus  odora  was  found  in  the 
lecture-room  of  a  church  in  Allegheny,  Pa.,  reminds  me  of  a  similar 
experience  : 

When  I  was  Superintendent  of  Schools  at  Racine,  Wis.,  in  1879,  the 
janitor  of  the  High  School  building,  an  excitable  old  gentleman,  rushed 
up  to  me  one  morning  with  the  information  that  after  considerable  effort 
(which  no  doubt  he  considered  praiseworthy)  he  had  captured  a  bat  in 
one  of  the  school-rooms  and  had  confined  it  within  one  of  the  drawers  of 
my  desk.  An  entomologist  will  imagine  my  feelings  when,  on  investiga- 
tion, I  found  a  specimen  of  Erebus  odora  battered  almost  beyond  recog- 
nition, especially  when  at  that  time  the  species  was  a  stranger  to  my 
cabinet.  It  goes  without  saying  that  the  janitor  was  instructed  to  allou 
me  to  capture  any  other  bat  that  lie  might  discover  on  the  premises.  ( )nly 
forty-eight  hours  afterwards  lie  came  to  me  with  the  information  that  tli<  n 
was  another  bat  in  a  certain  room.  I'.y  lashing  my  entomologist's  cane 
to  a  ten-foot  pole  I  had  little  difficulty  in  capturing  the  "bat,"  though  it 
had  chosen  a  position  on  the  ceiling,  fortunately  beyond  tin-  janitor's 
reach.  It  was  a  magnificent  specimen  of  Erebus  odora,  perfectly  fresh. 

My  curiosity  is  excited  anew  as  to  the  motive  which  impels  this  moth  in 
particular  to  enter  houses.  It  seems  to  be  something  moiv  than  an  acci- 
dent. In  this  case  it  could  not  have  been  the  attraction  of  artificial  light, 
for  the  school-room  was  never  lighted  at  night.  It  is  also  true,  so  far  as  I 
have  observed,  that  /''rebus  odora,  though  coining  to  trees  sr.u-ared  with 
treacle  ior  the  capture  of  moths,  will  invariably  start  if  the  light  of  a  dark 
lantern  is  allowed  to  come  near  it. — O.  S.  Wisu •<  n  i,  Chicago,  111. 


72  [March, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
lain  no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

g@"  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  MARCH,   1894. 
BORROWING  BOOKS. 

A  correspondent  writes  as  follows:  "  Is  there  any  possible  way  of  bor- 
rowing books  from  the  Philadelphia  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  or  the 
American  Entomological  Society?  If  not,  might  not  some  scheme  be 
devised  ?  For  example,  I  particularly  want  to  see  Ragonot's  new  mono- 
graph Phycitidse  and  several  parts  of  the  "  Biologia  Centrali-Americana." 
I  don't  care  to  buy  them;  and,  in  fact,  do  not  want  to  possess  them  at  all, 
but  if  I  could  borrow  such  works  by  paying  all  cost  of  transport  and  de- 
positing a  sum  to  cover  possible  loss,  it  would  be  a  great  advantage.  You 
see  entomology  is  being  dreadfully  crippled  by  the  great  difficulty  of  get- 
ting necessary  works,  the  result  being  that  those  not  situated  near  a  large 
library  are  placed  at  a  disheartening  disadvantage.  Cannot  this  matter 
be  brought  up  before  the  American  Entomological  Society  or  the  Acad- 
emy of  Natural  Sciences,  and  see  if  anything  can  be  done  ?  Many  people 
would  doubtless  give  books  to  form  the  nucleus  of  such  a  loan  library, 
and  probably  enough  money  could  be  raised  to  pay  the  salary  of  a  libra- 
rian. I  think  the  mere  discussion  of  the  matter  might  have  ultimate  good 
results,  though  nothing  was  done  at  present."  We  see  no  reason  why 
such  a  library  could  not  be  inaugurated  with  this  idea  in  view.  Of  course, 
such  a  thing  could  not  be  done  in  any  of  our  society  libraries  at  present, 
as  it  would  be  a  manifest  injustice  to  those  who  pay  for  the  use  of  the 
books,  and  if  they  found  a  work  missing  which  they  wished  to  consult, 
there  would  be  war  at  once.  Also,  there  are  few  libraries  which  have 
sufficient  funds  to  duplicate  expensive  books,  and  expensive  works  are 
the  ones  which  would  be  in  demand.  It  would  have  to  be  a  special  li- 
brary for  this  purpose  alone,  with  a  special  fund  and  librarian.  Of  course, 
it  could  be  an  adjunct  department  to  some  already  existing  library. 


1 894.] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 


73 


DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY, 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

Wookpecker  Work. — It  is  nothing  unusual  to  see  a  woodpecker  hard  at 
work  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree,  evidently  after  a  meal,  and  sometimes  quite 
large  trunks  are  hammered  into  in  the  search  for  larvae.  It  is  surprising  how 


IMC,,  i.  section  of  a  trunk  of  black  oak,  showing 
holes  made  by  woodpecker;  one-third  natural  size 
(from  a  photograph). 

much  work  seems  to  be  done  lor  such  an  apparently  small  return,  and  in 
wocd  like  white  and  black  oak.  Among  our  rare  insects  are  the  Cossi'Js, 
andjimong  those  forms  that  entomologists  like  to  get,  is  C. 


74 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[March, 


I  have  recently  received  evidence  that  leads  me  to  believe  that  the  abun- 
dance of  woodpeckers  and  the  rarity  of  the  Cossids  are  directly  related. 
Through  my  friend,  Mr.  }.  T.  Brakeley,  of  Bordentown,  N.  J.,  who  spends 
a  considerable  portion  of  the  year  in  the  New  Jersey  pines,  I  have  recently 
received  some  good  specimens  of  the  work  of  woodpeckers  in  oak,  and  a 
figure*  of  one  of  the  specimens  is  herewith  presented  shewing  the  holes. 


FIG.  2. — Section  of  trunk  sawed  to  show  the  burrows  of 
the  larva  sought  by  the  woodpeckers  ;  the  termination  of 
their  holes  marked  by  a  x  ;  one-third  natural  size  (from  a 
photograph). 

made  by  the  woodpeckers  on  the  outside  of  the  tree,  and  showing  also  a  cut 
through  the  trunk  to  indicate  the  locality  of  the  larvie  that  the  wood- 
peckers were  after.  I  urged  upon  Mr.  Brakeley  in  his  chopping  opera- 
tions to  keep  a  lookout  for  the  insects  that  the  woodpeckers  were  after, 

*  These  figures  were  first  published  in  "  Garden  and  Forest,"  No.  300,  and  electrotypes 
were  obtained  through  the  kindness  of  the  publishers  of  that  paper. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  75 

as  he  informed  me  that  quite  frequently  he  found  that  the  woodpeckers 
had  not  reached  the  larval  burrows,  having  been  either  scared  off,  or  had 
become  tired  of  the  work,  with  all  the  probabilities  in  favor  of  the  first 
suggestion.  A  few  days  ago  he  sent  me  a  larva  taken  from  one  of  these 
biack  oak  sticks,  and  in  this  case  also,  a  woodpecker  had  attempted  to 
get  at  the  burrow;  but  had  for  some  reason  stopped  short,  giving  this 
larva  a  chance  to  mature.  I  had  expected  to  find  some  Longicorn  larva, 
and  was  quite  surprised  to  find  instead  a  magnificent  specimen  of  a  Cosxn/, 
which  is  almost  certainly  querciperda.  These  insects  live  for  two  or  three 
years  in  the  trees,  and  the  woodpeckers,  therefore,  have  a  very  long  time 
to  find  them,  and  in  that  way  few  of  them  ever  reach  maturity  and  change 
to  moths.  When  these  insects  inhabit  the  lower  parts  of  trees  and  be- 
come nearly  full  grown,  they  make  enormous  channels,  and  these  chan- 
nels are  very  frequently  taken  possession  of  by  ants,  who  make  use  of 
them  for  their  nests.  It  is,  indeed,  quite  usual  to  attribute  this  work  to 
the  ants.  It  would  seem  as  if  the  nutritive  value  of  these  larva;  must  be 
very  high  if  it  pays  for  the  expenditure  of  force  used  in  getting  at  them. 

A  New  Fact  in  the  Life-history  of  the  Silk-worm.— One  learns  from  all 
sorts  of  sources;  even  the  daily  papers  sometimes  give  us  extremely  in- 
teresting information  concerning  entomology.  The  latest  that  I  have  seen 
is  from  the  New  York  Tribune  for  Jan.  31,  1894,  and  it  gives  us  the  new 
information  that  "  worms  crawl  out  of  their  cocoons."  The  entire  article 
is  as  follows  : 

"  In  the  cargo  of  a  steamer  which  recently  arrived  at  a  Pacific  port  from 
China  were  a  number  of  boxes  of  silk-worms,  in  transit  for  London. 
After  the  steamer  arrived  in  port  the  worms  began  to  crawl  out  of  their 
cocoons.  Holes  had  been  bored  in  the  boxes  to  give  air  to  the  worms. 
They  soon  found  the  holes,  crawled  through  them,  and  a  number  suc- 
ceeded in  reaching  the  deck,  where  they  were  picked  up  by  visitors.  An 
enterprising  man  on  shore  saw  the  worms,  bought  all  he  could  get,  and 
proposes  starting  a  silk  industry  in  Oregon." 

\Ye  wish  the  enterprising  man  the  enormous  success  he  merits. 

A  Note  on  the  Habits  of  the  Cockroach.— It  sometimes  happens,  even  in 

the  best  regulated  families,  that  certain  household  pests  make  their  ap- 
pearance in  rather  annoying  numbers,  and  these  are  not  always  insect 
pests  alone.  Recently  it  has  happened  that  in  the  house  occupied  by  me 
there  was  an  invasion  of  mice  and  roaches  (Periplaneta  orii-iitn/is*  and 
some  measures  became  necessary  in  order  to  get  rid  of  them.  A  mixture 
of  even  parts  of  borax  and  chocolate,  finely  powdered  and  thoroughly 
mixed,  proved  tolerably  effective,  and  it  would  probably  have  been  per- 
fectly satisfactory  could  I  have  had  it  applied  thoroughly  and  persistently 
for  a  sufficient  length  of  time.  They  did  not  disappear  soon  enough  or 
completely  enough  to  suit  me,  and  I  substituted  a  phosphoric  paste, 
which  was  promptly  effective  in  so  far  that  the  roaches  disappe.ued  from 
the  lower  regions  where  this  had  been  used;  but  made  their  appearance 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  house,  where  they  were  even  less  welcome.  For 


76  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [March, 

tlie  mice,  traps  were  introduced,  and  a  great  haul  was  made  two  or  three 
days  in  succession.  I  noticed  one  morning  on  examining  the  traps  that 
one  of  the  dead  mice  had  been  eaten  into  and  a  considerable  portion  of 
it  devoured.  I  attributed  this  to  cannibalism,  and  thought  it  probable 
that  the  mice  were  hard  up  for  food.  This  occurred  on  two  or  three  oc- 
casions, and  in  one  instance  I  noticed  that  several  roaches  ran  away  from 
the  trap  when  I  opened  the  closet  door.  '\  his  induced  me  to  look  a  little 
more  carefully  into  the  matter  of  the  eating,  and  I  suspected  that  the  mice 
could  not  well  have  done  that  kind  of  chewing  which  was  present.  I 
concluded  to  experiment  a  little  further,  and  when  I  captured  another 
mouse,  left  it  in  the  trap  for  two  or  three  days  to  see  what  the  outcome 
would  be.  Then  early  one  morning  I  carefully  opened  the-  closet  door 
•scaring  off  several  roaches  that  were  evidently  engaged  in  making  a  meal 
on  the  dead  mouse.  I  found  that  they  had  not  only  eaten  hide  and  hair, 
but  had  eaten  a  considerable  portion  of  the  intestines  and  the  flesh. 
Around  several  of  the  vertebrae  the  muscular  tissue  had  been  cleaned  off 
as  completely  as  if  ants  had  done  it,  and  every  bone  and  every  process, 
and  every  spicule,  as  well  as  the  ribs  were  perfect  and  entirely  cleaned, 
making,  so  far  as  it  went,  a  perfect  skeleton.  I  had  known,  of  course, 
that  roaches  were  almost  omnivorous,  and  that  nothing  was  sacred  to 
them;  but  this  is  the  first  time  that  I  ever  noted  such  a  habit  as  that  above 
described,  nor  do  I  recollect  ever  having  read  of  any  similar  occurrence. 
Perhaps  some  of  the  readers  of  the  NEWS  have  seen  or  heard  of  some 
like  instance,  and  if  so  I  would  be  pleased  to  have  a  note  of  it. 

The  Pear-leaf  Blister-mite.— In  Bulletin  No.  61,  of  the  Cornell  Station, 
Mr.  M.  V.  Slingerland  has  an  account  of  the  above  insect,  Phytoptns pyri 
Scheut,  in  which  he  finds  that  Winter  spraying  with  the  kerosene  emul- 
sion diluted  not  more  than  eight  times  is  an  almost  perfect  remedy.  The 
life-history  of  the  mite  is  stated,  and  it  is  found  that  the  adults  hibernate 
under  the  bud-scales,  where  they  are  easily  reached  by  the  kerosene, 
which  penetrates  every  crevice  readily.  The  emulsion  diluted  only  three 
times  produced  no  injurious  effects  upon  the  trees. 

This  result  is  an  important  one,  in  that  it  forces  the  grower  into  his 
orchard  in  Winter,  and  the  application  made  as  against  the  mite  will  be 
of  use  also  against  the  Pear  psylla,  and  will  destroy  many  another  insect 
Avhich  seeks  shelter  in  crevices  and  like  situations. 

In  New  Jersey  this  species  is  abundant,  seasonally  and  locally;  but  usu- 
ally noted  only  early  in  the  year,  nearly  all  trace  of  the  insect's  work  dis- 
appearing by  mid-Summer.  No  permanently  injurious  effects  have  been 
noticed  in  this  State. 

Timber  Beetles.— Mr.  A.  D.  Hopkins  has  sent  out  from  the  West  Vir- 
ginia Experiment  Station  a  circular  to  lumber  manufacturers  asking  in- 
formation concerning  injury  done  to  timber  by  a  number  of  species  of 
wood-borers,  mainly  Scolytids  and  Lynie.vyllids.  The  object  is  to  gather 
statistics,  so  far  as  possible,  concerning  the  percentage  of  defective  timber 
and  the  actual  money  loss.  It  is  impossible  to  repeat  the  questions  asked, 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  77 

because  they  refer  to  illustrations  and  descriptions  of  injury  which  ac- 
company the  circular.  Of  course  any  information  derived  from  replies 
to  such  a  circular  will  be  exceedingly  imperfect;  but  will  give  some  infor- 
mation perhaps  as  to  how  the  commercial  value  of  lumber  is  affected. 
Just  at  the  present  time  pin  holes  in  oak  are  a  positive  advantage  in  the 
manufacture  of  "antique"  furniture,  since  it  saves  putting  them  in  artifi- 
cially. The  circular  displays  Mr.  Hopkins'  activity,  however,  and  also 
the  fact  that  he  is  devoting  his  entire  energy  to  the  question;  the  only  true 
way  of  obtaining  permanently  valuable  results.  Ten  years  would  not  be 
more  than  sufficient  to  gain  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  relation  of  in- 
sect life  in  its  relation  to  the  forest  trees  of  a  single  locality  only,  and  there 
need  be  no  period  of  idleness  at  any  season. 


Notes  and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF   THE    GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy"'  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


PICTURES  for  the  album  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  have 
been  received  from  Dr.    R.   E.   Kunze,  C.  V.   Piper,  A.  G.  Weeks,  Jr. 
Ernest  Andre,  of  France,  M.  J.  Elrod. 

EDMOND  DE  SELYS-LONGCHAMPS  was  unanimously  elected  a  corre- 
spondent of  the  American  Entomological  Society  at  its  meeting  held 
Feb.  15,  1894. 

Dr.  E.  H.  EAMES,  of  this  city,  while  out  botanizing  for  specimens  of 
the  Virginia  Snake-root  (Aristolochia  serpentaria],  found  a  plant  upon 
which  were  a  number  of  Paf>ilio  philenor  larvae.  The  doctor  was  glad 
to  get  the  plant,  as  it  is  very  scarce  about  here.  I  attempted  to  raise  them, 
but  could  find  nothing  upon  which  they  would  feed;  I  tried  Spice-bush, 
Sassafras,  Smartweed  and  all  th,e  most  pungent  plants  I  could  find,  and 
they  would  take  to  none;  one  was  full  grown,  and  changed  to  a  chrysalis 
without  eating  any  more. 

E.  H.  Eames  is  a  thorough  botanist,  and  he  says  that  this  is  the  northern 
limit  of  the  food-plant.  I  have  also  found  Jnnonia  ca'uia  common  about 
here,  but  not  until  after  the  first  of  October.  Tcrias  lisa  is  also  common 
through  September  and  October. — I.  F.  Mi  H  IKK,  Jr.,  Hridgeport,  Conn. 


78  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

A  VARIATION  IN  TACHINID  ATTACK. — An  instance  recently  came  under 
.my  observation  which  not  only  appeared  to  be  something  of  a  departure 
from  the  ordinary  method  of  attack,  as  it  is  usually  observed  in  these 
parasites,  but  afforded  an  illustration  of  the  fact  that  a  protective  resem- 
blance or  mimicry  does,  not  always  protect.  Ordinarily,  the  eggs  of 
Tachina  and  closely  allied  species  when  deposited  on  Lepidopterous 
.larvae,  are  placed  on  the  dorsal  or  lateral  surface,  more  frequently  the 
former,  and  especially  on  the  thoracic  segments,  where  they  are  least 
liable  to  become  detached  by  the  victim.  In  this  case  the  host  was  the 
larva  of  one  of  the  Geometridas,  and  when  first  observed  was  alive  and 
attached  posteriorly  to  a  limb,  with  the  body  thrown  out  at  an  angle,  as  is 
the  habit  in  caterpillars  of  this  family,  while  the  eggs  had  been  placed  on 
the  ventral  surface  of  the  thoracic  segments  about  the  bases  of  the  legs, 
and  in  the  region  of  the  oesophagus.  None  of  the  parasites  developed 
to  adults,  and  hence  the  species  cannot  be  determined.  Just  what  led  the 
parent  fly  to  place  her  eggs  in  this  locality  it  is  of  course  impossible  to 
say.  A  slight  movement  in  the  limbs  of  the  larva  might,  if  not  already 
known  to  the  parasite,  have  led  to  the  discovery  of  its  true  nature;  but 
even  in  that  case  it  would  seem  thajt  the  larva  should  have  been  able  to 
defend  itself  in  that  quarter  and  driven  the  fly  to  attack  a  less  protected 
part,  even  if  the  latter  had  not  found  it  out  of  its  own  accord. 

F.  M.  WEBSTER. 

A  BUG  GNAWED  HIS  HEART. — A  young  boy's  death  gets  a  strange  ex- 
planation. Mtmcie,  Ind.,  Jan.  19,  1894.  A  remarkable  case  of  a  boy 
being  killed  by  a  bug  that  gnawed  his  heart  deeply  interests  local  physi- 
cians. Samuel  Lennox,  seven  years  old,  died  a  few  days  ago  with  very 
peculiar  symptoms.  The  boy  had  been  sick  for  some  time,  but  his  case 
was  different  from  any  other.  A  post-mortem  examination  revealed  that 
part  of  the  heart  had  been  eaten  away  by  an  insect,  causing  death.  Nearly 
a  year  ago  the  boy  drank  water  from  a  brook  and  swallowed  a  water  bug. 
The  insect  ate  its  way  through  the  boy's  stomach  and  then  began  devour- 
ing the  heart,  the  boy  bleeding  to  death. 

NOTE. — This  is  undoubtedly  a  species  of  bug  we  have  had  occasion  to 
refer  to  before  in  the  NEWS — humbug. — ED. 

A  FURTHER  note  on  Oceanic  Hemiptera. — The  species  of  Rhagovc/ia 
mentioned  in  my  article  in  the  February  number  of  the  NEWS  is,  accord- 
ing to  a  recent  communication  from  Mr.  Heidemann,  not  collaris,  but  a 
new  species  which  is  about  to  be  described  by  Prof.  Uhler  as  plunibca. 

H.  F.  \\TCKHAM. 

THE  Texas  Goddess  of  Liberty  has  more  than  a  bee  in  her  bonnet. 
She  isn't  a  Populist  of  the  Mrs.  Lease  order,  but  a  ij-feet  high  statue 
poised  on  the  highest  pinnacle  of  the  State  Capitol  at  Austin.  In  cleaning 
the  statue  a  few  days  ago  it  was  discovered  that  a  swarm  of  bees  had  made 
their  home  in  the  hollow  head  of  the  goddess,  using  the  nostrils  as  an 
•entrance,  and  had  filled  it  half  full  of  honey. — AV<v  )  'ork  Sun. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  79 

ASPIDIOTUS  NERII. — The  distribution  of  this  scale,  brought  about  by 
•human  means,  is  very  wide;  yet  the  insect  is  by  no  means  found  every- 
where. Curiously  enough,  the  true  A.  nerii  is  not  yet  known  from  the 
West  Indies.  In  Jamaica  the  oleander  is  much  cultivated,  but  no  A. 
nerii  was  to  be  found  ;  nor  is  it  in  Mr.  Barber's  collections  from  the 
Lesser  Antilles,  or  those  of  Mr.  Ulrich  from  Trinidad.  There  is  a  scale 
on  palms  in  the  West  Indies  that  was  considered  a  variety  of  nerii, 
but  I  have  recently  satisfied  myself,  by  the  examination  of  a  good  deal 
of  material,  that  it  is  a  quite  distinct  species,  namely  A.  destructor 
Signoret;  and  further,  that  my  A.  fallax  and  Mr.  Newstead's  A.  cocotis 
are  but  slight  varieties  of  it.  The  supposed  A.  palinarum  from  Bar- 
bados is  another  variety.  On  the  continent,  A.  nerii  is  known  from 
widely  separated  points.  On  August  8th,  last  year,  I  found  it  on  a  pink 
•oleander  in  Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.  Dr.  A.  Duges  sent  it  to  me  on  oleander 
from  Guanajuato,  Mex.,  where  it  is  known  to  have  existed  at  least  since 
1884.  It  had  been  recorded  from  Chili,  and  a  few  days  ago  M.  Lataste 
sent  me  specimens  on  oleander  and  jasmin^  from  Santiago.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  obtain  fuller  particulars  about  the  distribution  of  this 
scale,  and  I  would  suggest  that  those  who  have  the  opportunity  might 
examine  oleanders  in  various  localities  whence  it  has  not  been  reported, 
to  see  if  it  is  really  absent,  or  merely  unnoticed.  The  white  scales  on  the 
leaves  are  very  conspicuous  and  could  not  well  be  overlooked  by  any  one 
searching  for  them. — T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL. 

AN  EARLY  BUTTERFLY. — As  evidences  of  the  extraordinary  mildness 
of  the  season  hereabouts  friends  have  been  bringing  or  sending  to  the 
Ledger  office  during  the  past  week  or  two  dandelion  flowers,  pansy  or 
heartsease  blossoms,  and  other  floral  specimens  gathered  outdoors  in 
sunny  nooks  and  sheltered  places.  On  Monday,  Jan.  23,  1894,  these 
treasures  and  harbingers  of  Spring  were  pleasantly  added  to  by  a  live  and 
healthy  specimen  of  the  pretty  yellow  butterfly  of  the  species  which  is  so 
well  known  to  everyone,  and  which  forms  the  finishing  touches  to  every 
pastoral  scene.  This  golden  specimen  of  butterfly  down  was  found  flut- 
tering happily  about  the  regions  pf  Seventh  and  .Market  Streets,  and  was 
brought  to  the  Ledger  office  and  given  the  freedom  of  the  editorial  rooms. 
—Public  Ledger. 

THE  SILK  SPIDER  of  Madagascar  forms  the  subject  of  an  interesting 
.article  in  Die  Natnr,  by  Dr.  Karl  Mulk-r.  Its  native  name  is  Halabe, 
meaning  great  spider.  'This  Halabe,  or  Mepliiia  niadayascariensis, 
spins  threads  of  a  golden  color,  anil  strong  enough,  according  to  Main- 
droin,  to  hang  a  cork  helmet  by.  The  female  spider  may  attain  a  length 
of  15  cm.,  while  the  male  does  not  exceed  3  cm.  A  single  female  indi- 
vidual, at  the  breeding  season,  gave  M.  Cambone,  a  French  missionary, 
some  3000  m.  of  a  tine  silken  thread  during  a  period  of  about  27  days. 
The  thread  was  examined  with  a  view  to  creating  a  new  industry.  Small 
textures  woven  of  these  threads  are  actually  used  by  the  natives  for  fas- 
tening flowers  on  sunshades  and  for  other  purposes." — Public  Ledger. 


8o  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [March, 

IN  the  NEWS  for  October,  1893,  p.  270,  we  reprinted  from  the  "  Zoolog- 
ischer  Anzeiger, "  a  new  classification  of  the  Tracheate  Arthropods  pro- 
posed by  Mr.  R.  I.  Pocock.  In  "Nature"  for  Dec.  7,  1893,  Mr.  Pocock 
states  that  Dr.  E.  Haase  has  informed  him  that  in  Scolopendrella  the 
generative  openings  "are  situated  on  the  fourth  body-segment.  This 
genus  is  therefore  progoneate,  like  the  Dilopoda  and  Pauropoda ;  but 
whether  it  should  be  ranged  with  these  two  classes,  or  occupy  an  inde- 
pendent position  between  the  Progoneata  and  Opisthogoneata,  is  a  ques- 
tion for  future  discussion."  Owing  to  our  not  receiving  the  proof  of  the 
note  in  the  October  NEWS,  certain  errors  are  contained  in  it  which  we 
take  this  opportunity  to  correct:  line  6,  for  "  Pauropod,"  read  "Pauro- 
poda;" line  7,  for  "aimple,"  read  "simple;"  line  15,  for  "a,"  read  "aa;" 
line  17,  for  "  B,"  read  "bb." 

IN  an  article  on  the  correct  name  of  the  Milk-weed  butterfly,  published 
in  the  "  Entomologist's  Record"  for  January  isth,  Mr.  F.  J.  Buckell  comes 
to  the  conclusion  that  it  should  be  Anosia  archippus. 

INTERESTING  FOSSIL  INSECTS. — Dr.  S.  H.  Scudder,  from  Paris,  Dec. 
2,  1893,  contributes  a  brief  article  on  "The  Carboniferous  Insects  of 
Commentry,  France,"  to  "The  American  Journal  of  Science"  for  February, 
1894.  He  states  that  he  has  recently  had  the  opportunity  of  seeing  a 
considerable  part  of  a  collection  of  fossil  insects  from  the  Upper  Carbon- 
iferous of  Commentry,  in  Central  France,  and  also  the  illustrations  pre- 
pared by  M.  Charles  Brongniart,  of  the  Paris  Museum,  to  portray  these 
remains.  When  M.  Brongniart's  work  appears,  "our  knowledge  of 
paleozoic  insects  will  have  been  increased  three-  or  four-fold  at  a  single 
stroke  and  an  entirely  new  point  of  departure  for  the  future  opened.  No 
former  contribution  in  this  field  can  in  any  way  compare  with  it,  nor  even 
all  former  contributions  taken  together.  Besides,  it  will  offer  such  a 
striking  series  of  strange  forms  as  cannot  fail  to  awaken  the  attention  of 
the  least  curious.  One  may  not  enter  into  details,  but  mention  may  simply 
be  made  of  one  species,  regarded  by  M.  Brongniart  as  one  of  the  fore- 
runners of  the  dragonflies,  in  which  the  wings  have  an  expanse  of  con- 
siderably more  than  two  feet  (or  about  seventy  centimeters),  and  of  which 
several  specimens  are  preserved.  It  is  a  veritable  giant  among  insects." 

TRANSACTIONS  of  American  Entomological  Society,  vol.  xxi,  1894. 
No.  i,  in  press,  containing  the  following  articles:  Catalogue  of  the  Cole- 
optera  of  Alaska,  with  synonymy  and  distribution,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D.; 
Descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species  of  Noctuidae,  byj.  B.  Smith;  6  pis. 

Identification  of  Insects  (Imagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions:  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending ;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names..  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  XKWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  8 1 

Entomological   Literature. 


SCIENCE.  New  York,  Dec.  29,  1893. — A  new  mite  infecting  mush- 
rooms, H.  Osborn,  figs. — Jan.  19,  1894.  Another  rope  of  maggots,  \Y. 
H.  Ward. 

ANNALES  DBS  SCIENCES  NATURELLES.  ZOOLOGIE  (7),  xv,  6.  Paris, 
Dec.  i,  1893. — Note  on  the  existence  in  Senegal  of  a  new  species  of  Pro- 
sopistoma,  A  Veyssiere,  figs. 

ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEiGER.  Leipsic,  Dec.  27,  1893. — On  Chordeuma 
gennanicum  mihi  (Diplopoda),  C.  Verhoeff.  Preliminary  communication 
on  new  observations  on  the  intercalated  stage  of  the  Julidae,  a  new 
grouping  of  the  old  genus  Julus  and  some  new  and  rare  Diplopods  from 
Tyrol,  id.— Jan.  22,  1894.  Preliminary  note  on  the  spermatogenesis  of 
/,'nniby.v  niori,  K.  T.  Nogakushi. 

ANNALES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  ENTOMOLOGIQUE  DE  BELGIQUE,  xxxvii,  12. 
Brussels,  1893. — Note  on  the  Attini,  A.  Forel. 

BlHANG    TILL     KoNGL.     SVENSKA    VETENSKAPS-AKADEMIENS     HAND- 

LINGAR,  xviii,  iv  Afcl.  Stockholm,  1893. — [On  nerve  endings  and  fine 
capillaries  in  epithelium  of  lepidopterous  larva? — in  Swedish],  E.  Holm- 
gren, i  pi 

FLOWERS  AND  INSECTS — xi,  by  Charles  Robertson.  Extract:  Botanical 
Gazette,  xviii,  pp.  268-274.  July,  1893. 

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL  AND  SYNONYMICAL  CATALOGUE  OF  THE  DESCRIBED 
MEMBRACID^E  OF  NORTH  AMERICA.  By  F.  W.  Coding,  M.D.,  Ph.D. 
From  Bull.  111.  State  Lab.  Nat.  Hist.  vol.  ?,  pp.  391-482.  Date? 

THE  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  LINNEAN  SOCIETY  OF  NEW  SOUTH  WALES 
(2),  viii,  i.  Sydney,  July  28,  1893. — On  the  life-histories  of  Australian 
Coleoptera,  part  i,  W.  W.  Froggatt.  Revision  of  the  Australian  Amaryg- 
mides,  part  ii— the  genera  Chalccpterus  (cont.)  and  Amarygmus,  Rev.  T. 
Blackburn. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ROYAL  SOCIETY  OF  VICTORIA  (n.  s.),  V.  Mel- 
bourne, May,  1893. — Further  notes  on  ,the  oviparity  of  the  larger  Victo- 
rian Peripatus,  generally  known  as  P.  Leitcfcartii,  A  Dendy,  D.Sc. 

THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.  London,  Janu- 
ary, 1894. — The  endosternite  of  Scorpio  compared  with  the  homologous 
structures  in  other  Araclmida,  H.  M.  Bernard,  i  pi.  On  the  Elateridae  of 
Japan,  G.  Lewis. 

COMPTE  RENDU.  SOCIETE  PHILOMATHIQUE  DE  PARIS,  Dec.  24,  1893.— 
Tracheae  and  tracheal  respiration,  J.  Martin. 

THE  OTTAWA  NATURALIST,  January,  1894. — Hymenoptera  Phytophaga, 
1893,  W.  H.  Harrington. 


82  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [March, 

REVUE  BIOLOGIQUE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE,  vi,  3.  Lille,  December, 
1893. — New  species  of  Thysanura  found  in  the  grotto  of  Dargilan,  R. 
Moniez. 

THE  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST.  London,  Ont.,  January,  1894. — De- 
scription of  the  preparatory  stages  of  Phyciodes  carlota  Reakirt  ( C/iaii- 
dryas  isnieria  Scudder),  W.  H.  Edwards.  Note  on  Copidryas  platensis, 
A.  R.  Grote.  An  entomological  trip  to  Copper  Cliff,  Ont.,  \V.  H.  Har- 
rington. Some  undescribed  stages  of  Noctuid  larvae,  H.  G.  Dyar.  The 
mottled  umber  moth  (Hibernia  defoliaria  L.),  J.  Fletcher,  figs.  Descrip- 
tions of  two  new  Hymenopterous  parasites  from  water-beetles,  W.  H. 
Ashmead. — February,  1894.  A  check-list  of  the  Nearctic  Coccidae,  T.  D. 
A.  Cockerell.  Notes  on  Coleoptera,  C.  VV.  Stromberg.  Notes  upon 
Lyctzna  exilis  Boisd.,  with  descriptions  of  some  of  its  early  stages,  \V. 
H.  Edwards.  On  some  aquatic  larvae,  with  notice  of  their  parasites,  H. 

F.  Wickham.     Descriptions  of  the  larvae  of  certain  Tenthredinidas,  H. 

G.  Dyar.     Food-plants  of  some  California!!  Lepidoptera,  J.  B.  Lembert. 
The  genera  Pieris  Schrk.   and  Euchloe  Hb.,  J.  W.  Tutt,  figs.     Addi- 
tions to  the  list  of  Canadian  Coleoptera,  ii,  A.  H.  Kilman.     A  very  re- 
markable and  anomalous  Syrphid  with  peculiarly  developed  hind  tarsi, 
C.  H.  T.  Townsend,  figs. 

DEUTSCHE  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  ZEITSCHRIFT  IRIS,  vi,  2.  Berlin,  Jan.  3, 
•1894. — The  macrolepidoptera  of  the  vicinity  of  Dresden,  H.  Steinert  and 
K.  Zeidler.  Revision  of  the  first  group  of  the  genus  Heliconius,  G. 
Weymer,  2  pis. 

THE  LOCUSTID^E  AND  BLATTID.E  OF  INDIANA.  By  W.  S.  Blatchley. 
Extract:  Proc.  Ind.  Acad.  Sci.  1892,  pp.  92-165.  Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  1893. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.  London,  Jan.  15,  1894. — Danais 
atrhippus,  Anosia  plexippus,  or  What  ?,  F.  J.  Buckell.  Hair  tufts  and 
androconia  in  Eustroma  reticuldta,  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.  Notes  on  Dr. 
Buckell's  paper  on  classification,  W.  F.  Kirby.  On  an  additional  method 
for  determining  the  species  of  Lepidoptera  [by  the  scales],  W.  S.  Riding, 
M.D.  On  the  larva  of  Arctia  caja  (cont.),  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D. 

SPECIES  DES  HYMENOPTERES  D'EUROPE  ET  D'ALGERIE.  Fonde"  par 
Edmond  Andre"  et  continud  sous  la  direction  scientifique  de  Ernest  Andre. 
436  fascicule.  Gray:  Bouffaut  Freres.  July  i,  1893.  Pp.  137-240,  Vol. 
Y  ( Braconidae,  cont.).  446  fascicule,  Oct.  i,  1893.  Pp.  209-272,  pis.  iii, 
v,  vi,  xi.  Vol.  VI  (Chrysididae,  cont.). 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893.— The  Odonate  genus  Ortho/estes,  P.  P.  Calvert,  figs. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATURAL  SCIENCE  ASSOCIATION  OF  STATEN 
ISLAND,  iv,  3.  Jan.  13,  1894. — Staten  Island  Harvest  rlies,  \V.  T.  Davis. 

BULLETIN  DE  LA  SOCIETE  LINNEENNE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE,  xi, 
257.  Amiens,  November,  1893. — Theory  of  the  parasitism  of  insects,  L. 
Carpentier. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  83 

BIOLOGISCHES  CENTRALBLATT.  Erlangen,  Jan.  i,  1894. — On  the  origin 
of  the  social  life  among  Hymenoptera,  C.  Emery. — Jan.  15,  1894.  The 
origin  and  formation  of  the  worker  stage  among  ants,  C.  Emery.  On 
the  morphology,  biology  and  pathology  of  the  "  Nonne"  \_Psilura  mo- 
nachal, E.  VVasmann. 

ZooLOGiscHEjAHRBUCHER,  vii,  4.  Jena,  Dec.  23,  1893.— Contributions 
to  the  knowledge  of  the  North  American  Ant  fauna,  C.  Emery,  i  pi. 

ZEITSCHRIFT  FUR  WISSENSCHAFTLICHE  ZOOLOGIE,  Ivii,  2.  Leipsic, 
Dec.  31,  1893. — Contributions  to  the  knowledge  of  the  colors  of  Insects' 
scales:  i.  Lepidoptera,  2.  Coleoptera,  F.  Urech. 

THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.  Philadelphia,  January,  1894. — Courtship 
among  the  flies,  J.  M.  Aldrich. 

PSYCHE.  Cambridge,  Mass.,  February,  1894. — The  habits  of  the  acu- 
leate Hymenoptera,  i,  \Y.  H.  Ashmead.  New  and  undescribed  genera 
and  species  of  West  African  Noctuidae,  ii,  W.  J.  Holland,  figs.,  i  pi. 
Hermann  August  Hagen,  Eds.  Wilhelm  Julich,  T.  L.  C. 

MlTTHEILUNGEN  DER  SCHWE1ZERISCHEN  ENTOMOLOGISCHEN  GESELL- 

SCHAFT,  ix,  i.  Schaffhausen,  1893. — Contributions  to  the  knowledge  of 
the  Hymenopterous  fauna  of  Switzerland,  T.  Steck.  List  of  Lepidoptera 
taken  at  electric  lights  in  Bern  from  May  to  October,  1892,  R.  Benteli. 
Coleoptera  helvetica,  pp.  321-352,  Dr.  G.  Stierlin. 

TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  xx,  4. 
Philadelphia,  Oct. -Dec. ,  1893.— Notes  on  Bees,  with  descriptions  of  new 
species,  C.  Robertson.  Notes  and  descriptions  of  Pselaphidae,  with 
remarks  on  the  Scydmaenidse,  E.  Brendel,  M.D.,  i  pi.  A  synopsis  of 
the  Harvest-Spiders  (Phalangiidae)  of  South  Dakota,  C.  M.  Weed,  i  pi. 
The  Cosmetidae  of  the  United  States,  id.,  i  pi.  Seventh  contribution  to 
a  knowledge  of  certain  little-known  Aphididae,  id.,  i  pi.  The  ento- 
mology of  the  mid-alpine  zone  of  Custer  County,  Colo.,  T.  D.  A.  Cock- 
erel!. 

THE  AMERICAN  JOURNAL  OF  SCIENCE  (3),  xlvii,  278.  New  Haven, 
February,  1894.— The  Carboniferous  Insects  of  Commentry,  France,  S. 
H.  Scutlder. 

CORNELL  UNIVERSITY  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION.  Bul- 
letin 61.  Ithaca,  N.  V.,  December,  1893.— The  pear-leaf  blister  i  /Viytofi- 
tus  pyri],  M.  V.  Slingerland. 

THE  KANSAS  UNIVERSITY  QUARTERLY,  ii,  3.  Lawrence,  Kans.,  Jan- 
uary, 1894. — New  genera  and  species  of  Dolichopodidte,  I.  M.  Aldrich. 
Descriptions  of  North  American  Trypetidx,  with  notes,  W.  A.  Snow,  2  pis. 

TWENTY-FOURTH  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY 
OF  ONTARIO,  1893.  Toronto,  :<S94. — Injurious  insects  of  the  year,  J. 
Fletcher,  figs.  Annual  address  of  the  president,  \V.  H.  Harrington,  figs. 
Entomological  mistakes  of  authors,  Rev.  T.  \V.  Fyles.  The  season  of 


84  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

1893,  id.,  figs.  Mosquitoes,  J.  A.  Moffat,  figs.  Canadian  Uroceridae,  W. 
H.  Harrington.  Additional  notes  on  Japanese  insects,  id.  Notes  and 
queries,  Rev.  W.  J.  Holland,  figs.  The  Dragonfly,  T.  J.  MacLaughlin, 
figs.  The  song  of  Thyreonotus,  W.  T.  Davis.  Notes  on  some  of  the 
more  important  entomological  exhibits  at  the  Chicago  Exhibition,  J. 
Fletcher.  A  contrasted  summary  of  the  main  external  characters  of 
Butterflies  in  their  different  stages  of  life,  S.  H.  Scudder.  Some  of  the 
papers  read  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Economic  Entomologists  are  here 
reprinted,  for  a  full  list  of  which,  see  ENT.  NEWS  for  February,  p.  52, 
under  "  Insect  Life." 

THE  FIFTH  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT 
STATION  OF  THE  STATE  AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE,  Fort  Collins,  Colo., 
for  the  year  1892.  1894.  Report  of  the  section  of  Entomology,  C.  P. 
Gillette. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.  London,  February,  1894.— On  an  unusual  num- 
ber of  monstrosities  occurring  in  Eros  (Platycis)  minutus  F.,  J.  W.  Shipp. 
On  the  vertical  distribution  of  the  British  Lepidoptera  (concl),  W.  H. 
Bath.  A  catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Ireland  (cont.),  W.  F.  de  V. 
Kane.  Remarks  on  certain  genera  of  Coccidae,  W.  M.  Maskell.  Notes 
on  the  synonomy  of  Noctuid  moths  (cont.),  A.  G.  Butler.  Protective 
resemblances  in  S.  American  insects,  W.  C.  Mit. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.  London,  February,  1894. 
-Notes  on  some  British  and  exotic  Coccidse  (No.  27),  J.  W.  Douglas. 
Additions  and  corrections  to  the  list  of  British  aculeate  Hymenoptera,  E. 
Saunders.  Grease,  R.  Freer.  Notes  on  the  earlier  stages  of  the  Nepti- 
culae  (cont),  J.  H.  Wood. 


NEW  SPECIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  INSECTS  DESCRIBED 
IN  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


ACARINA. 

Tyroglyphus  lintneri  Osborn,  Science,  xxii,  p.  360.     N.  Y.  ? 

COLEOPTERA. 

Pselaphidce,  Scydmaenidae:   n.  spp.  U.  S.,  Brendel,  Trans.  Am.  Ent. 
Soc.  xx,  pp.  277-284. 

DIPTERA. 
Dolichopodidaj:  n.  gen.  et  spp.  U.  S.,  Aldrich,  Kans.  Univ.  Quart,  ii, 

pp.  151-157. 
Trypetidte:  n.  gen.  et  spp.  U.  S.,  Snow,  Kans.  Univ.  Quart,  ii,  pp.  159- 

174,  pis.  vi,  vii. 
Syrphidaa:   Calotarsa  n.  gen.  Townsend,  Can.  Ent.  xxvi,  p.  50.     Type 

C.  ornatipes,  p.  52,  fig's->  IH- 

HEM1PTERA. 
Membracidar.  n.  gen.  et.  spp.  U.  S.,  Coding  (see  ante). 


1 894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  85 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Gausocentrus  gyrini  Ashm'ead,  Can.  Ent.  xxvi,  p.  25,  la.     Cyrtogaster 
dineuiis,  p.  26,  la. 

Fermicidae:  n.  spp.  U.  S.,  Emery,  Zool.  Jahrb.  vii,  pp.  633-681. 
Apidce:  n.  spp.  U.  S.,  Robertson,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  pp.  273-276. 
Monostegia  quercus-coccinece  Dyar,  Can.  Ent.  xxvi,  p.  42,  Mass. 

ODONATA. 

Ortholestes  abbotti  Calvert,  Proc.  Ac.  N.  S.  Phila.   1893,  p.  382,  fig.  3, 
Hayti. 

ORTHOPTERA. 
CeuMop/ri/us/atisH/cusR\atch\ey,  Proc.  Ind.  Acad.  Sci.,  1892,  p.  146,  Ind. 


The  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


JANUARY  25,   1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  G.  H.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  Liebeck,  Seiss,  Calvert,  Ridings  and  Skinner.  Associates:  Fox, 
Boerner  and  Dr.  Griffith.  Mr.  Calvert  spoke  of  the  work  by  Prof.  Corn- 
stock  on  evolution  and  taxonomy,  and  read  passages  therefrom.  The 
only  previous  work  of  any  moment  on  this  subject  and  relating  specially  to 
wing  structure  was  that  of  Redenbacher,  written  in  1886.  Redenbacher's 
views  on  the  primitive  structure  of  the  wing  were  given  by  the  speaker. 
The  views  of  Prof.  Comstock  on  this  subject  were  also  given  and  explained 
by  the  aid  of  blackboard  sketches.  Reference  was  made  to  the  neuration 
of  dragonflies,  and  comparisons  made  with  the  wing  structure  of  some  of 
the  other  orders.  Dr.  Horn  considered  the  methods  pointed  out  by  Prof. 
Comstock  as  the  proper  way  to  study.  The  question  should  always  be 
asked  oneself  when  any  new  anatomical  structure  is  found,  why  is  it  ?  what 
does  it  mean  ?  Mr.  Calvert  exhibited  a  Coleopterous  larva;  collected  last 
September  in  a  small  stream  in  Delaware  County,  under  and  clinging  to 
stones.  At  first  glance  it  appeared  to  be  an  Isopod  crustacean,  but  Mr. 
Liebeck  had  identified  it  as  a  Parnid  larva,  Dryops  sp.  Specimens  were 
also  taken  by  Mr.  Moore  at  West  Spring  Hill,  Delaware  County,  Pa.  Dr. 
Horn  stated  that  the  larva  had  been  actually  described  as  a  crustacean. 

FEBRUARY  15,   1894. 

Meeting  held  this  evening,  Dr.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  Laurent,  Seiss,  Skinner,  Ridings,  Johnson,  Calvert,  Liebeck. 
Associates  :  Fox,  Nell.  The  Publication  Committee  reported  in  favor  of 
publishing  the  following  paper  in  the  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.:  "  A  Prelimi- 


86  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

nary  view  of  the  Lepidopterous  Family  Notodontidae,"  by  B.  Neumoegen 
and  H.  G.  Dyar.  Mr.  Calvert  stated  that  in  studying  the  genera  of  dragon- 
flies  he  had  been  led  to  investigate  the  value  of  photography  as  a  means 
of  illustrating  the  neuration.  He  put  the  specimens  in  an  ordinary 
spreading  board  and  put  the  blue  print  paper  beneath  the  wings  and 
placed  glass  slips  over  the  wings  and  placed  them  in  the  sun.  This  gave 
a  print  with  the  veins  in  white  and  a  blue  back  ground.  He  then  went 
over  the  white  veins  with  India  ink  and  then  dissolved  the  blue  back 
ground  with  sodium  carbonate,  and  this  gave  the  neuration  black  on  a 
white  back  ground.  The  method  was  not  as  satisfactory  as  could  have 
been  wished  on  account  of  the  smallness  of  the  printed  parts,  which,  of 
course,  were  only  as  large  as  the  original  wings.  The  results  of  the  ex- 
periments were  shown  by  aid  of  specimen  prints.  Dr.  Horn  said  that 
some  time  in  the  near  future  he  intended  to  present  some  thoughts  on  the 
family  Meloidae,  and  said  he  took  exception  to  the  present  classification 
of  the  Meloiini,  which  he  considered  unnatural.  Mr.  Fox  called  attention 
to  a  specimen  of  Stizns  uniciiicfus  which  he  exhibited.  It  lacked  the 
usual  red  band  on  abdomen  which  is  possessed  by  the  normal  form. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 

STUDIES  AMONG  THE  FOSSORIAL  HYMENOPTERA.-I. 

Synopsis  of  the  North  American  Species  of  Alyson. 
By  WILLIAM  J.   Fox. 

ALYSON  J  urine. 

Alyson  Jur.,  Nouvelle  Me"thode,  195,  1806;  Handlirsch,  Sitzb.  Akad.  \Yiss., 
Wien,  Math.-naturw.  classe,  xcvi,  p.  235. 

FEMALES. 

'i.  Median  area  of  metanotum  triangular 5. 

Median  area  of  metanotum  semielliptical,  or  U-shaped 2. 

2.  Thorax  black 3- 

Thorax  red;  legs,  except  hind  tibia;  red melleus. 

3.  Abdomen  not  at  all  red 4- 

Abdomen  on  two  basal  segments  red;  median  enclosure  of  metanotuni 

coarsely  reticulated,  the  posterior  face  of  metathorax  when  viewed 
from  behind  is  bidentate  laterally oppositus. 

4.  Enclosure  on  metanotum  at  the  base  nearly  as  broad  as  it  is  long,  am! 

enclosing  seven  or  eight  distinct,   longitudinal,    radiating   ridges; 

clypeus  entirely  yellow;  wings  subfuscous radiatus. 

Enclosure  on  metanotum  decidedly  longer  than  it  is  broad  at  the  base, 
irregularly  and  rather  finely  rugose;  clypeus  with  a  dark  blotch  in  the 
middle;  wings,  except  the  usual  fuscous  cloud,  subhyaline.  COllicu*. 

5.  Abdomen  black;  clypeus,  and  greater  part  of  legs,  black     .  (juignardi 
Abdomen  on  two  basal  segments  red;  clypeus  yellow;  legs  fulvous. 

trianguliferus. 


I894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  87 

MALES. 

1.  Median  area  of  metanotum  triangular 

Median  area  of  metanotum  semielliptical,  or  y-shaped  . 

2.  Within  the  median  area  the  metanotum  is  coarsely  reticulated 
Within  the  median  area  the  metanotum  is  not  at  all  reticulated  4. 

3.  Legs  and  clypeus  black .  oppositus. 

Legs,  except  hind  tibia,  fulvous;  clypeus  yellow  .  .  mellens. 

4.  Area  of  metanotum  enclosing  numerous  distinct,  radiating  ridges:  cly- 

peus and  flagellum  beneath,  yellow radiatus. 

Area  of  metanotum  finely  rugose,  with  two  diverging,  central,  longi- 
tudinal ridges;  clypeus  yellow,  black  medially;  flagellum  testace- 
ous beneath •  conicus. 

5.  Median  area  of  metanotum  exactly  triangular,  without  a  transverse 

ridge  before  the  apex;  legs  fulvous,  the  four  anterior  coxa?  yellow. 

trianguliferus. 

Median  area  of  metanotum  with  a  transverse  ridge  before  apex,  which 
gives  the  area  the  appearance  of  being  semielliptical  .  .  . 

6.  Mesopleurae  punctured  throughout guignardii. 

Mesopleura;  on  lower  portion  coarsely  striated striatus. 

1.  Alyson  oppositus  Say. 

A.  oppositus  Say,   Bost.  Jour.  Nat.   Hist,  i,  p:  380,  ^  9  ;  Packard, 

Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.  vi,  p.  421. 
Occurs  from  Canada  to  Virginia;  Colorado. 

2.  Alyson  melleus  Say. 

A.  melleus  Say,  1.  c.  p.  380.  $  ;  Provancher,  Add.  Hym.  Quebec, 

p.  270,  $cT,  December,  1887. 

Canada  to  Mexico;  Illinois.     The  credit  for  describing  the  £ 
of  this  species  should  be  given  to  Provancher,  whose  description 
appeared  in  December,  1887,  while  that  of  Handlirsch,  who  also 
describes  a  £   apparently  for  the  first  time,  did  not  appear  until 
early  in  1888. 

3.  Alysoa  radiatus  n.  sp. 

9. — Black;  scape  beneath,  clypeus,  spot  between  insertion  of  antenna-, 
inner  orbits  reaching  beyond  middle  of  the  eye,  mandibles  except  tips 
and  extreme  base,  and  the  anterior  legs  in  front,  yellow;  the  anterior  coxa? 
and  trochantrrs  arc  black  on  basal  portion;  four  hind  tibia-,  tarsi  and  tips 
of  femora  reddish  testaceous  macuke;  on  second  segment  white-;  \\ings 
subfuscous  or  dark  subhyaline,  the  usual  cloud  in  the  vicinity  of  the  mar- 
ginal and  submarginal  cells  very  faint;  stigma  pale  testaceous,  the  ner- 
vures  much  darker.  Front  finely  and  closely,  yet  distinctly  punctured, 
the  vertex  perhaps  more  distinctly  so;  anterior  margin  of  clypeus  indis- 
tinctly bidentate  medially;  first  joint  of  llig.-llum  not  more  than  one-tilth 
longer  than  the  second;  dorsulum  and  scutellum  finely  and  rather  closely 


88  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [March, 

punctured,  the  latter  distinctly  impressed;  enclosure  of  metathorax  nearly 
as  broad  at  the  base  as  it  is  long,  and  with  numerous  strong,  radiating 
ridges;  outside  of  this  enclosure  the  metathorax  is  coarsely  rugose,  except 
on  the  metapleurae  ;  abdomen  shining,  the  first  two  dorsal  segments 
scarcely  punctured.  Length  7  mm. 

cf . — Antennae  beneath,  four  hind  tibiae  and  tarsi  in  front  and  the  parts 
mentioned  in  the  description  of  the  9,  yellow;  wings  subhyaline;  first 
joint  of  flagellum  decidedly  shorter  than  the  second,  which  is  in  turn 
slightly  shorter  than  the  third,  last  joint  curved.  Length  7  mm. 

Nevada,  Colorado.  The  form  and  sculpture  of  the  enclosure 
of  metanotum  will  distinguish  it. 

4.  Alyson  conicus  Prov. 

A.  conicus  Prov.,  1.  c.  p.  271,  $. 

cf . — Black;  inner  orbits  as  far  as  centre  of  front,  scape  and  pedicellum 
beneath,  mandibles  except  tips,  clypeus,  except  spot  in  middle  (some" 
times  the  clypeus  is  entirely  black),  apex  of  anterior  coxse,  as  well  as  the 
fore  femora  and  tibiae  in  front,  yellow;  four  posterior  tibiae,  tarsi  and  apex 
of  femora  testaceous;  flagellum  beneath  obscurely  testaceous;  wings  sub- 
hyaline,  iridescent,  nervures  and  stigma  testaceous;  first  joint  of  flagel- 
lum but  little  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  second,  which  is  in  turn 
slightly  shorter  than  the  third;  front  finely  and  closely  punctured,  strongly 
impressed  medially  ;  scutellum  impressed  ;  metathorax  bluish,  the  en- 
closure shorter  than  in  the  9  ;  abdomen  shining,  first  two  dorsal  segments 
impunctate.  Length  5.5  mm. 

Canada.  One  $  specimen  has  the  flagellum  yellowish  be- 
neath. 

5.  Alyson  guignardii  Prov. 

A.  guignardii  Prov.,  1.  c.  p.  271,  ?(j\ 
Canada;  Illinois. 

6.  Alyson  striatus  n.  sp. 

tf. — Black;  scape  beneath,  clypeus  entirely,  sides  of  face,  inner  orbits 
as  far  as  centre  of  front,  mandibles  except  tips,  two  spots  on  prothorax 
above  and  apical  portion  of  anterior  coxae,  yellow;  legs  yellow-testaceous, 
or  pale-yellow,  flagellum  brownish  beneath;  maculae  on  second  segment 
white,  transversely  elongate;  wings  subhyaline,  iridescent,  nervures  testa- 
ceous; the  head,  thorax  and  abdomen  is  clothed  with  a  rather  conspicu- 
ous, oppressed  pubescence.  Anterior  margin  of  clypeus  slightly  incurved ; 
front  finely  and  closely  punctured,  strongly  impressed  medially;  first  joint 
of  flagellum  but  little  more  than  half  as  long  as  the  second,  this  latter 
joint  fully  as  long  or  slightly  longer  than  the  third;  last  joint  curved  as 
usual;  dorsulum  and  scutellum  with  tolerably  fine  and  close  punctures, 
the  scutellum  not  impressed;  enclosure  on  metanotum  triangular,  with  a 
strong  transverse  ridge  before  the  apex,  which  gives  it  the  appearance  of 
being  semiellipliY,  within  the  enclosure  there  are  two  strong,  longitudi- 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  III. 


See  page  f-g. 


AFRICAN    HESPERIID/E  Holhuul. 


I&94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  89 

-nally  diverging  carinse;  with  exception  of  the  space  between  these  carince 
and  the  metapleurse,  the  metathorax  is  coarsely  rugose;  the  mesopleuru.- 
on  lower  portion  with  coarse,  longitudinal  striations;  abdomen  with  the 
last  segment  reddish.  Length  7  mm. 

District  of  Columbia.  Easily  distinguished  by  the  striated 
mesopleurse. 

7.  Alyson  trianguliferus  Prov. 

A.  triangulifer  Prov.,  1.  c.  p.  272,  <$. 

9.— Black;  first  and  second  abdominal  segments  red;  mandibles,  ex- 
cept tips,  clypeus,  orbits  as  far  as  middle  of  front,  scape,  first  two  or  three 
joints  of  flagellum  beneath  and  tubercles,  yellow;  legs  entirely  fulvous, 
the  anterior  pertaining  to  yellowish;  front  finely  and  evenly  punctured, 
vertex  likewise;  first  joint  of  flagellum,  if  anything,  a  little  longer  than 
the  second  ;  prothorax  and  dorsulum  with  fine  and  close,  but  distinct 
punctures,  the  prothorax  on  sides  indistinctly  striated;  scutellum  not  im- 
pressed, the  suture  which  separates  it  from  the  dorsulum  strongly  foveo- 
lated  ;  enclosure  on  metanotum  almost  exactly  triangular,  within  with 
somewhat  irregular  ridges,  posterior  face  of  metathorax  rugose;  wings 
subhyaline,  iridescent,  with  a  fuscous  cloud  in  the  vicinity  of  the  marginal 
and  submarginal  cells;  the  abdomen,  especially  beneath,  is  clothed  with 
long,  sparse,  dark  hairs.  Length  7-8  mm. 

Massachusetts,  Virginia,  Illinois.  Resembles  the  9  of  opposi- 
tus,  but  the  shape  of  metanotal  enclosure  will  distinguish  it  as 
well  as  the  color  of  legs. 

— o 

SOME  NEW  AND  LITTLE-KNOWN  AFRICAN  HESPERIID/E. 

By  W.  J.  HOLLAND,  Ph.D.,  D.  D.,  F.  Z.  S.,  etc. 

The  species  described  and  figured  in  the  following  paper  are 
represented  in  my  own  collection  by  the  types,  or  by  authenti- 
cally determined  specimens.  The  figure  of  Tagiades  dannatti 
Ehrmann,  recently  described  in  the  pages  of  the  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
NEWS,  is  represented  by  a  drawing  which  I  have  carefully  made 
from  the  type.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  this  species  is  iden- 
tical with  T.  lacteus  Mab.,  described  in  the  Bulletin  of  the  Ento- 
mological Society  of  France,  ser.  5,  vol.  vii,  p.  xxxix.  The 
description  given  by  Mons.  Mabille  tallies  well  with  the  insect 
figured,  save  in  one  or  two  minor  particulars.  Cal&norhinn* 
afratus  Mab.,  C.  illustris  Mab.,  and  C.  interniplaga  Mab:, 
which  were  described  a  couple  of  years  ago  by  Mons.  Mabilk-  in 
the  "  Comptes  Rendus,"  of  the  Belgian  Entomological  Society, 
being  there  referred  to  the  genus  Pardaleodes,  are  known  to  me 


9Q  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

by  the  types,  which  I  saw  in  the  possession  of  Mons.  Mabille 
upon  the  occasion  of  my  last  visit  to  Paris.  While  I  did  not  have 
specimens  of  these  species  with  me  at  the  time  for  purposes  of 
comparison,  the  insects  before  me  agree  so  well  with  the  descrip- 
tions given  by  Mons.  Mabille,  and  with  the  hasty  pen  and  ink 
outlines  I  drew  at  the  time,  that  I  am  quite  confident  that  there 
is  no  error  in  the  determinations  given.  Celcenorhiniis  collncens 
mini,  I  had  determined  as  C.  (Pardaleodes}  lucens  Mab.,  but  my 
good  friend.  Dr.  Scudder,  who  recently  did  me  the  great  kind- 
ness of  comparing  a  set  of  drawings  of  some  of  the  Hesperiicke 
in  my  collection  with  those  contained  in  the  collection  of  Mons. 
Mabille  and  other  great  European  collections,  assures  me  that 
my  species,  while  very  near  C.  lucens  Mab.,  is  manifestly  distinct, 
the  mesial  band  on  the  primaries  being  much  broader  in  C.  lucens 
than  in  my  species. 

I  hope  shortly  to  be  able  to  publish  a  revision  of  the  Hes- 
periidae  of  Africa  and  the  adjacent  islands,  and  for  this  purpose 
am  having  drawings  made  of  the  types  of  the  hitherto  unfigured 
species  which  are  contained  in  the  museums  of  Europe.  The 
work  is  one  of  some  magnitude,  and  is  attended  with  considerable 
expense,  but  will  prove  a  great  boon  to  working  naturalists, 
unless  I  am  greatly  mistaken. 

CEL2ENORHINUS,  Hiibn. 

i.  C.  collucens  sp.  nov.  tf. — Allied  to  C.  lucens  Mab.,  MS?  The  upper 
side  of  the  head,  thorax,  and  abdomen  is  fuscous,  clothed  with  olivar  eous- 
green  hairs.  The  lowerside  of  the  thorax  and  abdomen  are  much  paler. 
The  palpi  on  the  lower  side  are  ochraceous.  The  antenna?,  which  are 
blackish,  are  marked  with  ochraceous  on  the  underside  at  the  tip  and 
just  after  the  club.  The  primaries  are  dark  brown  clothed  with  greenish 
olivaceous  hairs  at  the  base.  They  are  traversed  by  a  broad  translucent 
mesial  band  of  bright  waxen-yellow,  on  the  costa  and  near  the  outer 
angle  showing  bright  lemon.  This  band  is  somewhat  regularly  indented 
on  the  innerside  and  very  irregularly  indented  on  the  outer  margin.  In 
addition,  there  are  three  large,  translucent,  subapical  spots.  The  secon- 
daries are  dark  brown  or  blackish,  heavily  clothed  with  greenish  hairs  at 
the  base,  and  with  a  few  patches  of  similar  hairs  beyond  the  cell.  Upon 
the  outer  margin,  just  below  the  outer  angle,  is  a  broad  lemon-yellow 
spot.  On  the  underside  the  ground  color  of  both  wings  is  much  paler. 
The  markings  of  the  primaries  reappear  on  this  side,  and,  in  addition,  the 
costa  near  the  base  is  yellowish.  The  secondaries  are  without  the  large 
lemon-yellow  spot  near  the  outer  angle,  and  are  slightly  clouded  with 
darker  brown. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  QI 

9. — The  female  is  much  like  the  male,  but  larger,  and  on  the  secon- 
daries has  the  large  yellow  spot  replaced  by  two  or  three  small  circular 
spots.  These  spots  reappear  indistinctly  upon  the  underside.  Expanse: 
rj\  38-40  mm.;  $,  45  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

OSMODES  Wats. 

2.  0.   (?)  fan*   sp.    nov.   cJ'.      Upperside  of   palpi,   head,    thorax   and 
abdomen  dark  brown;   lowerside  of  thorax  and  abdomen  slightly  paler 
brown;  legs  blackish;  the  underside  of  the  palpi  at  the  base  whitish.    The 
primaries  on  the  upperside  are  black,  crossed  from  the  costa  to  the  sub- 
median  nerve  by  a  broad  orange-red  mesial  band,  irregularly  dentate 
inwardly,  and  irregularly  angulated  and  indented  outwardly.     The  secon- 
daries on  the  upperside  are  dark  brown  or  blackish.     The  primaries  on 
the  underside  are  as  on  the  upperside,  save  that  the  mesial  band  shades 
into  creamy  white  in  the  neighborhood  of  the  submedian  nerve,  and  there 
are  two  small  white  subapical  dots  near  the  costa,  and  another  small 
white  dot  between  the  second  and  third  median  nervules  near  the  outer 
margin.     The  secondaries  upon  the  lowerside  are  dark  fuscous,  clouded 
with  darker  brown  transverse  bands  and  subapical  spots.    Expanse  30  mm. 

This  beautiful  species  is  allied  to  O.f  vibius  Hew.  The  single 
specimen  in  my  collection  is  from  the  Bule  country,  one  hundred 
miles  back  from  the  coast  at  Great  Batanga,  in  a  region  about 
1800  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sea. 

PARNARA  Moore. 

3.  P.  (?)  picaninif  sp.  nov.  <$. — Upperside  of  head,  thorax  and  abdomen 
black;  lowerside  of  palpi  and  pectus  broadly  white;  femora  and  adjacent 
parts  of  thorax  grayish;   legs  black  ;    lowerside  of  abdomen  blackish. 
The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  black.     There  are  some  olivaceous 
hairs  at  the  base.     The  inner  margin  at  the  base  is  narrowly  edged  with 
pale  grayish  hairs.     Just  above  the  outer  extremity  of  this  pale  streak  is 
a  small  linear  white  translucent  spot.     At  the  end  of  the  cell  are  two 
similar  translucent  linear  spots,  and  below  the  cell  at  the  origin  of  the 
second  median  nervule  a  curved  narrow  elongated  translucent  white  spot. 
There  are  three  small  translucent  submarginal  spots  nearer  the  cell  than 
the  margin,  two  of  them  approximating  each  other,  located  one  on  either 
side  of  the  third  median  nervule  near  its  origin.     The  uppermost  ol  the 
three  is  located  beyond  the  end  of  the  cell.     The  secondaries  are  black 
on  the  upperside,  like  the  primaries,  with  a  grayish  ray  extending  from 
the  base  for  a  short  distance  along  the  submedian  nerve.     There  is  a 
transverse  macular  hand  beyond  the  cell,  consisting  of  three  or  tour  spots, 
the  two  outer  spots  being  pure  white,  the  inner  spots  being  obscured  by 
grayish  hair.     There  are  one  or  two  small  obscure  spots  near  the  anal 

*  Fan  =  Notnen  iribits  A/ricanie. 

f    Xomen  puelli  apud  Africanos  in  America,  nouH*i>n]U<iiu  rtiain  in  Africa,  hal<Hante.- . 


92  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

angle.  On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  marked  as  on  the  upperside, 
but  the  spot  near  the  submedian  nervule  is  transformed  into  a  somewhat 
vaguely  defined  elongated  ray,  and  there  is  a  very  narrow  white  line 
bordering  the  cell  on  its  upperside  at  the  base.  The  secondaries  on  the 
lowerside  are  marked  by  a  broad,  white,  transverse  band,  irregularly 
dentate  outwardly,  and  interrupted  in  the  region  of  the  submedian  nerve. 
Expanse  28  mm. 

The  type,  which  is  unique,  was  taken  by  Dr.  Good  in  Liberia. 

4.  P.  mabea    sp.  nov.  <j\ — Upperside  of  head,  thorax  and  abdomen 
dark  brown;  lower  side  of  thorax  and  abdomen  dark  brown,  covered 
with  grayish  hairs;  legs  concolorous.     The  primaries  on  the  upperside 
are  dark  brown,  marked  by  eight  translucent  spots,  two  above  each  other 
at  the  end  of  the  cell;  a  triangular  silvery  white  spot,  with  its  base  resting 
upon  the  middle  of  the  submedian   nerve;   a  larger  subquadrate  spot 
between  the  first  and  second  median  nervules,  with  its  outer  lower  angle 
produced  toward  the  margin;  a  smaller  subquadrate  spot  between  the 
second  and  the  third  median  nervules,  and  three  small  subapical  spots 
arranged  in  a  curved  series  below  the  costa.     The  secondaries  on  the 
upperside  are  dark  brown  with   two  elliptical   translucent  white  spots 
beyond  the  cell  separated  by  the  second  median  nervule.     On  the  under- 
side the  primaries  are  slightly  paler  than  on  the  upperside,  with  the  region 
of  the  cell  darker  than  the  remainder  of  the  wing.     The  spots  of  the 
upperside  reappear  on  the  underside.     The  secondaries  are  dark  fuscous, 
inclining  slightly  to  reddish  on  the  lowerside;  and  in  addition  to  the  two 
elliptical  spots,  which  appear  on  the  upperside,  there  is  a  circular  white 
spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell,  and  a  somewhat  smaller  spot  before  the  outer 
angle  midway  between  the  margin  and  the  cell.     Expanse  32  mm. 

This  species  is  represented  in  my  collection  by  a  single  speci- 
men coming  from  the  valley  of  the  Ogove. 

5.  P.  batamjae  sp.  nov.  tf. — Closely  allied  to  P.  picanini,  but  much  larger, 
and  without  the  basal  streak  on  the  inner  margin  of  the  primaries,  and 
with  the  outer  margin  of  the  primaries  not  as  deeply  excavated  before  the 
inner  angle,  as  in  that  species.     On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  much 
as  in  P.  picanini,  but  the  secondaries  on  the  underside  are  wholly  differ- 
ent, being  light  gray  clouded,  with  very  pale  fuscous  in  the  region  of  the 
anal  angle,  with  the  fringes  very  pale  fuscous  inclining  to  whitish.     The 
wing  is  marked  by  an  irregularly  curved  series  of  pale  whitish  spots,  two 
at  the  end  of  the  cell,  four  composing  a  transverse  series,  the  two  outer- 
most being  small,  located  on  either  side  of  the  second  median  nervule 
near  its  origin,  the  third,  and  largest,  being  separated  from  the  fourth, 
which  is  small  and  linear,  by  the  submedian  nerve.     Expanse  32  mm. 

Hab. — Batanga,  German  West  Africa. 

*  Mabea  =  Noinen  gent  is  Africanm. 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  93 

6.  P.  argyrodes  sp.  nov.  $. — The  upperside  of  the  thorax  and  abdomen 
dark  brown,  clothed  lightly  with  grayish  hairs  at  the  insertion   of  the 
wings.    On  the  underside  the  thorax  and  abdomen  are  dark  brown.    The 
legs  are  concolorous.    The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  black,  marked 
by  a  subquadrate  spot  at  the  end  of  the  cell  constricted  near  the  middle. 
There  are  three  subquadrate  spots  on  the  median  interspaces  beyond  the 
cell  regularly  diminishing  in  size  toward  the  apex,  and  two  or  three  mi- 
nute subapical  spots  forming  a  curved  series  near  the  costa.     The  secon- 
daries on  the  upperside  are  black  with  two  minute  and  obscure  spots 
beyond  the  end  of  the  cell,  the  inner  fold  of  the  wing  near  the  base  being 
clothed  with  grayish  green  hairs.     On  the  underside  the  primaries  are 
dark  brown,  becoming  paler  toward  the  outer  margin,  and  slightly  laved 
with  purplish  brown.     The  spots  of  the  upperside  reappear,  and  in  addi- 
tion there  is  a  whitish  spot  above  the  submedian  nerve.    The  secondaries 
are  dark  brown  tinged  with  purplish  on  the  euter  margin  and  having  the 
fringes  very  pale  fuscous.    The  middle  of  the  wing  is  traversed  by  a  some- 
what irregularly  curved  series  of  four  silvery  spots,  the  innermost  of  which 
is  the  largest.     Expanse  30  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

7.  P.  leilCOphaea  sp.  nov.  $. — Upperside  of  head,  thorax  and  abdomen 
black;  lowerside  of  palpi  inclining  to  ochraceous;  lowerside  of  thorax  and 
abdomen  grayish;  legs  concolorous.    The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are 
black,  margined  with  glaucous  hairs  on  the  inner  margin  at  the  base. 
There  are  two  round  spots  at  the  end  of  the  cell:  three  forming  a  median 
series  beyond  the  cell,  the  lower  spot  on  the  submedian  nerve  being  small, 
quadrate,  silvery  white;  the  second  and  third  on  the  middle  interspaces, 
the  second  the  largest.     In  addition  there  are  three  subapical  spots  form- 
ing a  curved  series  near  the  costa.     The  secondaries  on  the  upperside  are 
black  with»two  oval  white  spots,  one  on  either  side  of  the  second  median 
near  its  origin,  the  uppermost  being  the  largest.     The  fringes  at  the  anal 
angle  are  broadly  white.     On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  marked 
much  as  on  the  upperside,  but  the  spots  are  not  so  sharply  defined  as  on 
that  side.     The  secondaries  are  blackish.     There  is  a  small  white  spot  at 
the  end  of  the  cell,  and  three  similar  small  spots  forming  a  transverse 
series  beyond  the  cell.     These  spots  are  bordered  with  blackish.     The 
outer  third  of  the  wing  toward  the  anal  angle  is  washed  with  bluish  gray, 
upon  which   the   nervules,   which  are   dark,   stand  out  distinctly.     The 
fringes  at  the  anal  angle  are  broadly  white,  and  the  white  color  of  the 
fringe  runs  inwardly  as  a  whitish  ray  along  the  submedian  nervule. 

9  . — The  female  is  marked  like  the  male,  but  the  secondaries  are  more- 
broadly  whitish  at  the  anal  angle,  and  have,  in  addition,  a  white  spot  an- 
nulated  with  dark  brown  beyond  the  end  of  the  cell  near  the  outer  angle. 
Expanse:  <j\  30  mm.;  9,  34  mm- 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

Mons.  Mabille,  to  whom  I  showed  the  type,  declared  the  spe- 


94  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

cies  to  be  unknown  to  him.  It  is  not  found  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum. In  some  respects  it  is  closely  allied  to  P.  indusiata  Mab. , 
but  totally  distinct. 

S.  P.  (?)  subuotata  sp.  nov.  -j\ — Upperside  of  thorax  and  abdomen 
fuscous;  lowerside  of  thorax  and  abdomen  fuscous,  inclining  to  ochra- 
•ceous;  lowerside  of  palpi  whitish;  legs  fuscous.  The  primaries  on  the 
upperside  are  dark  brown.  There  is  a  small  spot  at  the  lower  angle  of 
the  cell  at  its  end.  There  are  three  spots  forming  a  median  series,  the 
lower  most  white,  subtnangular,  and  opaque,  resting  on  the  submedian 
nerve  about  its  middle.  The  second,  which  is  the  largest  and  subquad- 
rate,  is  located  just  below  the  spot  at  the  end  oi  the  cell.  Above  it  is  a 
smaller  subquadrate  spot  lying  between  the  second  and  third  median 
nervules  at  their  origin.  In  addition  there  is  a  similar  subquadrate  spot 
below  the  costa  beyond  the  end  of  the  cell  midway  between  it  and  the 
apex.  The  secondaries  are  dark  brown,  marked  by  a  curved  band  of 
semi-translucent  yellowish  spots  located  beyond  the  cell  near  the  origin 
of  the  median  nervules.  On  the  underside  the  primaries  are  brownish 
fuscous.  The  translucent  spots  reappear  on  this  side,  but  are  less  distinct. 
The  base  is  laved  with  ochraceous,  as  is  also  the  outer  margin  near  the 
apex.  The  outer  margin  is  ornamented  by  a  series  of  dark  spots  form- 
ing a  regularly  curved  band  from  the  apex  to  the  second  median  nervule, 
where  they  are  lost  in  the  darker  ground  color  of  the  wing.  These  spots 
are  defined  inwardly  by  pale  yellowish  hastate  markings.  There  is  a  fine 
marginal  black  line.  The  fringes  are  dark  fuscous.  The  secondaries  on 
the  lowerside  are  ochraceous,  the  middle  area  beyond  the  cell  being  trav- 
ersed by  a  somewhat  broad  band  of  bright  yellow  spots  running  from  the 
costa  to  the  first  median  nervule.  There  are  four  or  five  blackish  spots 
between  this  band  and  the  base  pupiled  with  pale  ochraceous.  There  is 
.a  regularly  curved  submarginal  series  of  blackish  spots  defined  inwardly 
by  paler  markings.  The  margin  and  the  fringes  are  as  on  the  primaries. 
Expanse  26  mm. 

This  species  probably  does  not  belong  to  the  genus  Parnara, 
though  without  a  dissection  its  exact  location  cannot  be  absolutely 
determined.  It  probably  comes  nearer  the  genus  Osmodes, 
though  it  does  not  belong  to  it,  and  may  perhaps  represent  the 
type  of  a  new  genus. 

GASTROCHETA  Mab. 

9.  G.  cybeutes  sp.  nov.  $.—  The  upperside  of  the  body  is  black.  The 
lowerside  is  grayish  white.  The  antenna?  are  marked  with  white  at  the 
end  of  the  club.  The  primaries  on  the  upperside  are  black.  There  are 
two  elongated  translucent  white  spots  at  the  end  of  the  cell  very  near  to 
each  other,  a  median  series  of  three  moderately  large  translucent  spots, 
of  which  the  lower  spot  resting  on  the  submedian  nerve  is  oblong,  quad- 
rate, silvery  white,  the  second  is  subhastate  with  its  point  obtuse  pointing 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  95 

inwardly,  the  third,  the  smallest  of  the  series,  lying  between  the  origin  of 
the  second  and  thi»d  median  nervules.  There  is  a  subapical  curved  series 
of  three  small  white  translucent  spots.  The  secondaries  have  a  round 
translucent  white  spot  beyond  the  base  divided  by  the  nervule  which  de- 
fines the  upper  margin  of  the  cell.  This  spot  is  partly  obscured  by  the 
grayish  hairs  which  cover  the  base.  Beyond  the  cell  are  two  oblong  sub- 
quadrate  spots  separated  from  each  other  by  the  second  median  nervule. 
The  fringes  of  the  secondaries  are  pale.  On  the  underside  the  primaries 
are  pale  greenish  fuscous  with  the  middle  area  deep  blackish.  The  spots 
on  the  underside  are  as  on  the  upperside.  The  secondaries  are  greenish 
fuscous  with  the  anal  angle  broadly  laved  with  whitish.  There  are  two 
series  of  spots  forming  macular  bands,  one  crossing  the  cell,  the  other 
beyond  it.  The  inner  series  consists  of  three  spots,  the  uppermost  of 
which  is  large  and  oval.  The  two  innermost  spots  are  smaller,  opaque, 
and  accentuated  outwardly  by  blackish  markings.  The  outer  band  of 
^puts  is  composed  of  a  curved  series  of  eight  spots,  of  which  the  third 
and  fourth  reckoning  from  the  inner  margin,  are  translucent  and  the 
largest;  the  second  and  fifth  are  minute;  the  first  and  sixth  are  linear,  the 
first  being  the  larger;  the  seventh  is  minute  and  circular;  and  the  eighth, 
which  is  nearest  the  costa,  is  linear. 

9 . — The  female  is  marked  very  much  like  the  male,  but  the  secondaries 
•on  the  underside  are  broadly  whitish  on  the  middle  area  and  toward  the 
base,  with  the  outer  margin  clouded  with  dark  brown.  The  two  bands 
<>f  spots  are  separated  near  the  inner  margin  by  a  brownish  area  like  that 
on  the  outer  margin.  The  spots  are  all  more  or  less  obscurely  defined 
in  the  female,  their  outlines  being  lost  in  the  paler  ground  color  of  the 
wing.  Expanse;  tf,  32  mm.;  9,  37  mm. 

Hab. — Valley  of  the  Ogove. 

Mons.  Mabille,  who  has  seen  this  species,  regards  it  as  an  un- 
described.  It  is  not  found  in  the  British  Museum,  nor  in  the 
museum  at  Berlin. 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  III. 


Fig.     i.  Tagiades  dannatti  Ehrmann,  ENT.  NEWS.  vol.  iv,  p.  309. 

2.  Celtznorhinusinterniplaga  Mab.,  C.  R.  S.  Ent.  Belg.  '91,  p.  Ixxiii. 

3.  cotluscens  sp.  nov.  9  • 

4.  colluscens  sp.  nov.  $. 

5.  afrafns  Mab.,  C.  R.  Soc.  Ent.  Belg.  1891,  p.  Ixxiv. 

6.  i//nstri.s  Mab.,  1.  c.  p.  Ixxiii. 

7.  Procainpta  rani  Holl.,  Ann.  and  Mag.  N.  Hist.  (6),  vol.  x,  p.  293. 

8.  Osinodcs?fan  sp.  nov. 

9.  Parnara  picanitn '  sp.  nov. 

10.  batangfe  sp.  nov. 

11.  argyrodes  sp.  nov. 

12.  nnibea  sp.  nov. 

13.  (?)  sit/niotafa  sp.  nov. 

14.  leucophfca  sp.  nov. 

15.  '       cybeutes  sp.  nov. 


96  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 

Description  of  a  new  species  of  Myscelia  from  Western  Mexico. 

By  LEVI  W.  MENGEL,  Reading,  Pa. 

Myscelia  skiiiaeri  nov.  sp. — Expands  two  and  one-quarter  inches.     The 
basic  color  of  the  entire  upper  surface  is  black,  paling  slightly  along  the 
internal  margin  of  the  inferior  wings.     Beginning  at  the  base  of  the  su- 
perior wing,  running  into  the  discoidal  cell  about  three-eighths  of  an  inch 
dividing,  and  running  into  the  wing  nearly  three-quarters  of  an  inch,  is  a 
blotch  of  rich  purple.     Along  the  margin  of  the  wing  is  a  line  of  white  or 
pale  bluish  spots,  broken,  running  along  the  entire  margin.     There  is  a 
parallel  line  of  spots,  nearly  the  same  color,  though  somewhat  darker, 
running  very  close  to  the  edge.     There  are  two  white  apical  spots  sur- 
rounded by  the  faintest  tinge  of  blue,  three  submarginal  spots,  and  two  in 
the  centre  of  the  costa,  all  of  the  same  color.     The  inferior  wings  are 
emarginate,  with  a  thin,  pale,  broken  line  of  white  spots  running  along 
the  edge.     A  large  blotch  of  the  same  rich  purple  as  on  the  superiors 
spreads  from  the  base  into  the  cell,  extending  almost  to  the  upper  margin 
of  the  wing.     It  is  not  divided,  as  in  the  superiors.     Near  the  margin  is  a 
row  of  purple  spots  running  parallel  to  the  edge.     A  second  and  third 
marginal  row  run  across  the  wing.     Between  the  last  row  and  the  large 
blotch  runs  a  band  across  the  wing  in  the  centre.     Counting  this  row,  and 
excluding  the  white  marginal  line,  there  are  four  rows  of  these  purple- 
colored  spots  between  the  edge  and  blotch.     The  undersides  of  the  wings, 
as  in  M.  streckeri  Skinner,  resemble  the  under  surface  of  Pyrameis  ata- 
lanta,  and,  like  it,  cannot  be*  described. 

The  species  is  close  to  M.  streckeri  Skinner,  and  they  may  be 
varieties  of  the  same  species  belonging  to  the  same  zoological 
area.  But  in  the  general  appearance,  and  in  the  number  of  rows 
of  purple  spots,  from  which  there  is  no  variation  in  skinneri,  they 
differ  to  such  a  degree  that  I  believe  the  species  is  worthy  of  a 
name. 

Described    from    five    specimens    from    Bayemena,    Sinoloa, 
Mex.     Named  in  honor  of  Dr.  Henry  Skinner,  of  Philadelphia. 


OBITUARY. 

MORITZ  SCHUSTER  died  of  apoplexy  Feb.  7,  1894.  Mr.  Schuster  was 
born  in  Germany  in  1823,  and  was  an  enthusiastic  entomologist  up  to  the 
time  of  his  death.  His  home  was  at  1803  Hickory  Street,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  February,  was  mailed  Jan.  31,  1894. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.  v.  APRIL,   1894.  No.  4. 


CONTENTS: 

Fall— Collecting   in   the   Sierras   of   S.  ,    Visitors  from  South  America 113 

California 97       Editorial 115 

Taylor — Larva  and  pupa  of  P.  homerus  101        Economic  Entomology Ti6 

1  "\\nsend — Ants  from  Las  Cruces 103    :    Notes  and  News uS 

I'ernald — Elementary  Entomology 104       Entomological  Literature 121 

Van  Duzee — Note  on  Scolopostethus....  108        Entomological  Section.... 125 

Jjyar — Arkansas  Lepidoptera 108       Cockerell — A  new  Chrysis 125 

Skinner — Tachyris  ilaire no  Coquillett — New  Diptera  from  Wash....   125 

Aaron — The  Bold  Robber  Fly 110    !    Fox — Fossorial  Hymenoptera 126 


COLLECTING  IN  THE  SIERRAS  OF  S.  CALIFORNIA. 

Bv  H.   C.   FALL,  Pomona,  Cala. 

j 

The  chief  glory  of  Southern  California  is  its  climate;  but,  un- 
like the  proverbial  lion,  the  Summer  temperature  is  sometimes 
more  pronounced  than  it  is  painted — by  the  real-estate  agents. 
When  the  mercury  has  frisked  about  for  several  weeks  between 
90°  and  115°,  the  average  man  begins  to  feel  the  need  of  a  read- 
justment of  surroundings,  and  circumstances  permitting,  hies 
himself  to  the  coast  or  to  the  mountains. 

My  friend,  Mr.  F.  D.  Twogood,  of  Riverside,  and  myself  con- 
sidered the  above  sufficient  excuse  for  contracting  with  the  stage 
driver  to  set  us  clown  on  the  top  of  the  San  Bernardino  Moun- 
tains one  morning  in  early  July. 

Both  Mr.  Twogood  and  myself  have  a  weakness  for  entomology, 
he  being  partial  to  the  Lepidoptera,  while  I  lean  rather  toward 
the  Coleoptera.  In  the  following  remarks  I  shall  confine  myself 
to  noticing  a  few  of  the  beetles  taken  during  a  month's  stay  on 
the  mountains. 

\Ve  camped  in  a  little  valley  at  about  5000  feet  elevation, 
through  which  an  ever  lessening  stream  fringed  with  alder*  and 
willows  flowed  toward  the  Mojave  Desert.  The  higher  ground 
was  rather  sparsely  wooded  with  pine,  fir.  cedar  and  oak,  the 
conifers  predominating.  The  little  variety  of  vegitation  indicated 

4 


98  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

a  limited  insect  fauna,  which  proved  to  be  the  case.  About  one 
hundred  species  of  Lepidoptera  and  four  hundred  of  Coleoptera 
were  the  result  of  our  raid,  and  these  were  not  obtained  without 
labor. 

Our  headquarters  was  located  near  a  saw-mill,  with  two  ob- 
jects in  view — the  greater  facility  of  obtaining  supplies,  and  the 
prospect  of  securing  many  species  of  beetles  whose  pleasure  it  is 
,to  complete  the  work  of  destruction  once  begun  by  the  lumber- 
men. With  the  wastefulness  characteristic  of  those  who  gather 
from  an  apparently  inexhaustible  supply,  the  upper,  or  even  the 
whole  trunks  of  hundreds  of  giant  pines  were  left  lying  on  the 
ground,  a  prey  to  the  insects  and  the  elements.  Under  the 
loosening  bark  of  one  of  these  fallen  monarchs  I  began  my  search. 
The  first  thing  bottled  was  Cossonus piniphilus;  these  were  always 
to  be  found,  and  with  them  in  greater  or  less  numbers  occurred 
Tachys  nanus,  Hister  pundigcr,  Plegaderus  nitidus,  Lasconotus 
.pusilliis  and  Hypophlceus  snbstriaius.  Other  occasional  finds 
under  bark  were  Rhyssodes  hamatus,  Alindria  cylindrica  (very 
small),  Bins  cstriatus,  Uloma  languid  and  Metaciisa  marginalis. 
Buprestidte  were  here  much  more  numerous  than  in  the  valleys 
below.  Chrysobothris  cuprascens  (hitherto  reported  from  Colo- 
rado and  New  Mexico)  was  beaten  in  numbers  from  pines,  and 
with  them  a  few  C.  femorata  and  C.  calif ornica.  The  latter  and 
also  the  brilliant  Melanophila  gentills  were  taken  dead  from  their 
burrows  in  dead  pine  twigs.  Melanophila  intrusa  and  Chryso- 
phana  placida  were  also  beaten  from  pines.  Specimens  of  Bu- 
prestis  maculiventris  and  B.  Iceviventris  were  taken  flying  near 
the  summit.  I  can  perceive  no  differences  other  than  color  be- 
tween these  two  forms,  and  their  manner  of  occurrence  indicates 
specific  identity.  Buprestis  fascia  fa  turned  up  in  sweeping  the 
low  herbage  beside  the  brook,  and  Dicerca  Jwrnii  was  dug  from 
dead  alder  stumps.  On  willows  occurred  Agrilus  politns  and  A. 
nivciventris;  the  latter  was  the  more  abundant,  and  several  trees 
were  observed  which  had  been  seriously  injured  by  its  attacks. 
The  flowers  of  a  large  primrose  yielded  many  Anthaxia  feneo- 
gastcr  and  Acmceodera  connexa,  and  promiscuous  sweeping  or 
beating  gave  one  specimen  of  Agri/us  angelicas,  also  several 
Anthaxia  deleta  of  both  sexes,  the  male  bright  green  and  the 
female  olivaceous. 

The  piles  of  lumber  near  the  saw-mill  prompted  frequent  visits, 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  99 

especially  during-  twilight,  when  many  tilings  were  on  the  wing. 
Of  these  the  largest  game  was  Ergates  spicidatus,  often  seen  fly- 
ing slowly  about  the  board  piles  and  easily  taken.  The  large 
burrows  in  pine  stumps  bear  witness  to  the  larval  habits  of  this 
species.  Under  like  circumstances  were  taken  Pactopus  hornii, 
Carcbora  longula,  Lasconotus  servus,  Ernobius  sp.,  Hylasies 
nic'cer  and  H.  longus.  Our  camp  fire  attracted  numerous  speci- 
mens of  Anelastes  driiryi,  and  occasionally  a  Polyphylla  crinila; 
I  have  never  seen  this  species  in  the  low  country,  its  place  there 
being  taken  by  P.  lo-lineata,  which  is  not  rare  at  electric  lights. 

Returning  to  camp  one  evening  about  sundown,  I  stopped  to 
examine  a  small  alder  which  had  been  felled  across  the  stream. 
I  had  gathered  a  dozen  or  two  of  Pityophthorus  pubipennis, 
which  had  emerged  from  their  burrows  and  were  taking  an  even- 
ing promenade,  when,  from  the  hole  of  one  of  the  bark  borers  a 
strange  head  appeared  ;  it  belonged  to  that  curious  Cucujide, 
Narthecius  grandiceps,  and  diligent  search  resulted  in  the  finding 
of  about  a  dozen  of  this  very  rare  beetle.  I  know  not  what  may 
be  the  habits  of  this  insect,  but  the  circumstances  strongly  sug- 
gest that  it  may  be  parasitic  on  the  bark  borer  above  mentioned. 
On  this  same  alder  I  found  t\vo  or  three  Lasconotus  linearis,  and 
from  a  freshly-cut  tree  close  by  a  little  colony  of  Rhyncholus 
spretus.  Beneath  a  log  partially  imbedded  in  turf  by  the  side 
of  the  stream  I  discovered  the  headquarters  of  Hippodamia  con- 
i-<')-o-ens  for  this  region;  here,  crowded  together  in  places  several 
deep,  were  not  less  than  ten  thousand  individuals;  what  can  be 
the  signification  of  such  a  gathering? 

Space  will  not  permit  a  detailed  allusion  to  even  half  of  the 
species  collected,  nor  is  a  complete  list  now  possible,  owing  to 
the  difficulty  of  identification;  many,  indeed,  being  unclescribed. 

That  this  article  may  be  of  some  value  as  indicating  geograph- 
ical distribution,  I  append  as  complete  a  list  as  possible  of  the 
not  mentioned  above  : 


Cicindela  i2-guttatu  Dcj.  ISnnbidium  iridescens  Lcc. 

Cychrus  punrtatus  Lee.  Tachys  anthrax  Lcc. 
Notiophilus  semiopacus  Esch.  audax  Lee. 

Dyschirius  gibbipennis  Lee.  Pterostichus  ater  Dcj. 

Sclii/o^t-niu^  drprrsMis  Lee.  cast.mipt.^  Men. 

Bembidumi  erasum  Lcc.  <>r<  i(lrmnlis  Dej. 

longulus  Lee.  .  \mura  soitulu  Ziiiiin. 

semistriatus  Hald.  ivmntestriata  Dcj.  . 


100 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 


[April 


Platynus  funebris  Lee. 
fossiger  Dej. 
Lebia  viridis  Say. 
Stenolophus  anceps  Lee. 
Anisodactylus  piceus  Men. 

consobrinus  Lee. 
Bidessus  pictodes  Sharp. 

affinis  Say. 

Deronectes  striatellus  Lee. 
Hydroporus  vilis  Lee. 
Ilybiosoma  regularis  Lee. 
Agabinus  glabrellus  Mots. 
Agabus  lugens  Lee. 
lecontei  Cr. 
(iyrinus  plicifer  Lcc. 
Ochthebius  puncticollis  Lee. 
\  lydraena  pennsylvanica  Kies. 
Tropisternus  californicus  Lcc. 
Hydrocharis  glaucus  Lee. 
Chsetarthria  nigrella  Lee. 
Limnebius  piceus  Horn. 
Cymbiodyta  dorsalis  I\[ots. 
Laccobius  ellipticus  Lee. 
Creniphilus  rufiventris  Horn. 
Cercyon  lugubris  Payk. 
Ptomaphagus  consobrinus  Lee. 
Ouedius  explanatus  Lee. 
capucinus  Grav. 
limbifer  Horn. 
Philonthus  sordidus  Grav. 
nigritulus  Grav. 
Stenus  costalis  Cas. 

terricola  Cas. 

californicus  Cas. 
Cryptobium  californicum  Lee. 
Lathrobium  jacobinum  Lee. 
Scopseus  punctatus  Cas. 

truncaticeps  Cas. 
Caloderma  angulatum  Cas. 

rasile  Cas. 

Tachinus  debilis  Horn. 
Bledius  ruficornis  Lee. 
Trogophlceus  diffusus  Cas. 
Phalacrus  penicellatus  Say. 
Megilla  vittigera  Mann. 
Harmonia  picta  Rand. 


Coccinella  sanguinea  Linn. 
Mysia  hornii  Cr. 
Exochomus  marginipennis  Lcc. 
Scymnus  coniferarum  Cr. 

pacificus  Cr. 
Aphorista  morosa  Lee. 
Synchita  variegata  Lee. 
Aulonium  longutn  Lee. 
Cerylon  castaneum  Sav. 
Pediacus  depressus  Hbst. 
Brontes  dubius  Fab. 
Mycetophagus  californicus  Horn. 
Paromalus  tejonicus  Horn. 
Sabrinus  lubricus  Lee. 
Epuraea  immunda  Sturm. 
Nitidula  ziczac  S«\'. 
Omdsita  discoidea  Fab. 
Thalycra  concolor  Lee. 
Trogosita  virescens  Fab. 
Tenebrioides  sinuata  Lee. 
Peltis  pippingskoeldi  Mann. 
Hesperobaenus  abbreviatus  Mots. 
Limnebius  punctatus  Lcc. 

nebulosus  Lcc. 

californicus  Lee. 

tenuicornis  Cas. 
Dryops  suturalis  Lee. 
Cyphon  concinnus  Lee. 
Horistonotus  sufflatus  Lee. 
Elater  carbonicolor  Fsc/i.  ? 
Megapenthes  aterrimus  Horn. 

stigmosus  Lcc. 
Athous  excavatus  Mots. 

limbatus  Lee. 
Eros  lastus  Mots. 
Podabrus  comes  Lee. 
Malthodes  fusculus  Lee. 
Dasytes  pusillus  Lee. 

hudsonicus  Lee. 
Cymatodera  puncticollis  Hland. 
Clerus  sphegeus  Fab. 
Hydnocera  scabra  Lcc. 
Cregya  fasciata  Lcc. 
Necrobia  rufipes  Fab. 
Ptinus  l)iniacu!alus  Mc/s. 
Hadrobregmus  gibbicollis  Lcc.  • 


i894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


IOI 


Ptilinus  basalis  Lee. 
Ata-nius  abditus  Hald. 
Amphicoma  canina  Lee. 
I  iichelonycha  crotchii  Horn. 
Spondylis  upiformis  Mann. 
Prionus  caliiornicus  Mots. 
Callidium  hirtellum  Lee. 
Kticrossus  villio  )rnis  Lee. 
Necydalis  cavipennis  Lee. 
Leptura  crassicornis  Zer. 
Acanthocinus  obliquus  Lee. 
Saxinis  speculifera  Horn. 
( .'ryptocephalus  sanguinicollis  Suffr. 
Glyptoscelis  illustris  Cr. 
Colaspidea  cuprascens  Lee. 

smaragdulus  Lee. 
Chrysochrus  cobaltinus  Lee. 
1'lagiodera  prasinella  Lee. 
Phyllobrotica  viridipennis  Lee. 
Luperodes  varipes  Lee. 
Haltica  bimarginata  Say. 
Crepidodera  helixines  Linn. 
Kpitrix  subcrinita  Lee. 
( ilyptina  atriventris  Horn 
Pliyllotreta  albionica  Lee. 
riuetocnema  opulenta  Horn. 
Microrhopala  melsheimeri  Cr. 
Odontota  californica  Horn. 
Zabrotes  obliteratus  Horn. 
Asida  obsoleta  \^cc. 
Iphthimus  serratus  Maim. 
Coelocnemis  dilaticollis  Mann. 


Tenebrio  tenebrioides  Beaiiv. 
Plytydema  oregonense  Lee. 
Helops  edxvardsii  Horn. 
Cistela  variabilis  Horn. 
Pentaria  nubila  Lee. 
Anaspis  collaris  Lee. 
Notoxus  calcaratus  Horn. 
Rhipiphorus  flavipennis  Lee. 
Rhynchites  bicolor  Fab. 

glastinus  Lee. 
Thricolepis  inornata  Horn. 
Scythropus  californicus  Hotn. 
Apion  proclive  Lee. 
Smicronyx  imbricatus  Cos. 
Anthonomus  sycophanta  Walsh. 

inermis  Boh. 

ornatula  Dietz? 
Magdalis  cuneiformis  Horn. 

lecontei  Horn. 
Orchestes  parvicollis  Horn. 
Piazurus  californicus  Lee. 
Copturus  longulus  Lee. 
Ceutorhynchus  obliquus  Lee. 
Balaninus  uniformis  Lee.  ? 
Rhyncholus  oregonensis  Horn. 
Pityophthorus  retusus  Lee. 
'  Tomicus  confusus  Lee. 
Scolytus  ventral  is  Lee.  ? 
Phlceosinus  punctatus  Lee. 
Dendroctonus 
Hylurgops  subcostulatus  Mann. 


-o- 


Description  of  the  Larva  and  Pupa  of  Papilio  homerus  Fab. 
By  CHARLES  B.  TAYLOR,  F.  E.  S. 

LARVA.  —  Length  about  two  and  one-quarter  inches;  general 
appearance  incrassated,  the  bodv  being  thickest  Irom  the  third 
to  the  fifth  segments,  from  thence  tapering  gradually  to  the  anal 
extremity,  which  is  abruptly  truncated.  Head  small,  pale  ochre- 
ous  or  brown,  deflected,  and,  when  the  larva  is  at  rest,  almost 
completely  obscured  by  a  projection  of  the  anterior  margin  of 
the  first  segment.  Color  protective,  harmonizing  closely  with 


102  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

the  tint  of  the  leaf  of  the  food-plant.  Upper  surface  a  rich  deep 
chrome-green,  extending-  down  to  about  the  spiracular  region, 
where  it  terminates  with  a  more  or  less  irregular  or  sinuous  out- 
line most  pronounced  towards  the  posterior  segments,  where  the 
green  is  sharply  divided  from  the  color  of  the  under  surface  by  a 
narrow  edging  of  white;  first  segment  with  a  short  transverse 
dorsal  bar  of  pale  dun  or  ochreous  brown ;  a  broad  curved  band 
of  the  same  color,  bearing  a  few  lines  and  spots  of  black,  runs  in 
a  posterior  direction  across  the  dorsal  surface  of  the  third  seg- 
ment and  down  to  the  sides  of  the  fourth  segment,  where,  curv- 
ing slightly  upwards,  it  ends  in  club-shaped  dilations  enclosing  a 
simple  ocellus,  colored  as  follows:  On  a  comma-shaped  ground 
patch  of  black  is  drawn  a  rather  broad  ring  of  dun,  bordered 
below  with  bluish  gray,  followed  by  a  black  iris,  with  a  bluish 
white  pupil.  Across  the  posterior  or  margin  of  the  fifth  segment 
is  drawn  a  most  inconspicuous  luniform  stripe  ol  white,  having  a 
raised  appearance,  as  if  laid  on  with  several  coats  of  body  color, 
and  which  is  in  turn  marked  with  little  transverse  bars  of  pale 
lavender,  five  in  all;  the  horns  of  the  crescent  have  this  time  a 
slightly  anterior  direction,  and  terminate  at  the  sides,  between 
the  fourth  and  fifth  segments,  just  at  the  junction  of  the  green  with 
the  brown  of  the  under  surface.  Anterior  margin  of  the  filth 
segment  immediately  in  front  of  the  white  stripe,  finely  irrorated 
with  white;  between  the  fifth  and  sixth  segments  is  a  broad  trans- 
verse band  of  deep  black,  more  or  less  completely  hidden  by  the 
segmental  fold,  except  when  the  larva  is  in  motion;  then  it  is  very 
conspicuous.  Ventral  surface,  including  abdominal  legs,  dull 
dark  brown;  a  broad  band  of  this  color,  suffused  with  a  lavender- 
gray  tint,  bearing  a  few  scattered  spots  of  blue-gray,  and  having 
a  very  irregular  or  jagged  outline,  is  continued  obliquely  up- 
wards in  a  posterior  direction  from  the  eighth  segment,  and  meet- 
ing on  the  dorsal  surface  of  the  tenth  segment  descends  again 
obliquely,  narrowing  rapidly,  however,  before  joining  the  brown 
of  the  under  surface,  thus  enclosing  an  irregular  diamond-shaped 
patch  of  green.  Segmental  folds  strongly  marked  on  the  ventral 
surface. 

PUPA  of  usual  shape,  but  not  greatly  angulated;  color  wholly 
dark  wood-brown,  with  two  pairs  of  white  tubercles  on  the  clor>al 
surface  of  the  middle  abdominal  segments. 

FOOD-PLANT. — A  tree  growing  to  a  large  size  and  of  great 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  105 

height,   bearing  subovate  leaves  with   long  stalks,   deep  glossy 
green.      Local  name,  "  Water  Wood;"  botanical  name  unknown. 
The  larva  was  taken  at  the  Fountain  Road  in  the  Bath  district  of 
the  Parish  of  St.   Thomas,  in  the  East,  on  the  27th  day  of  No- 
vember,   1893,   and  developed  a  male  Homerus  on  the  2gth  of 

December  following. 

XOTE. — The  food-plant  is  probably  Clnmarrhis  cyjnosa  Jacq. — ED. 

o 

SOME  ANTS  FROM  LAS  CRUCES,  NEW  MEX. 

By  C.  H.  TYLER  TOWNSEND. 

The  following  ants  were  collected  at  Las  Cruces,  New  Mex.T 
from  1891  to  1893.  The  determinations  were  all  made  at  Wash- 
ington by  Dr.  Riley.  They  will  be  of  interest,  as  very  little  is 
known  of  the  ants  of  this  region. 

Camponotus  castaneus  Latr.    9  . — This  species,  which  is  10-1 1 
mm.  long,  is  common  in  houses.    It  is  wholly  rufous,  with  black- 
ish abdomen,  and  head  rather  darker  rufous  than  the  rest. 

Cremastogaster  sp.  9  .—A  small  blackish  ant,  about  2^3  mm. 
long.  Thorax,  legs  and  antennae  with  a  rufous  tinge. 

Cremastogaster  lineolata  Say  9  . — This  is  a  small  species,  with 
rufous  head,  antennae,  thorax  and  legs,  and  black  abdomen. 
Length  4-5  mm.  A  colony  of  workers  and  white  larvae  found  in 
galleries  in  dead  stick  of  cottonwood,  Feb.  20,  1893. 

Dorymyrmex  sp.  9  . — A  small  ant.  Head,  thorax  and  antennae 
rufous,  abdomen  and  legs  black. 

Formica  sp.  $  (?\—A  moderately  small  black  ant.  Lt--- 
black,  wings  clear. 

Formica  sp.  1  .  —  A  winged  specimen,  black  with  yellowish 
legs;  wings  slightly  smoky. 

Formica  Integra  Nyl.    9  . — Workers. 

Monomorium  minntiim  Mayr.    9  . — A  very  small  black  ant. 

Myrmccina  sp.    $  . — A  slender  yellowish  ant. 

Pogonomyrmex  occidentalis  Cr.  9  $  . — Several  workers  and 
males. 

Tapinoma  sessile  Say   9  • — A  small  black  ant. 
Tetramorinm  sp.  (?)   9. — This  is  a  small  yellowish  ant.      The 
workers  are  about  2l/2  mm.  long  and  slender. 

Two  of  the  above  species,  Cremastogaster  lineolata  and  Tapi- 
noma sessile,  are  found  in  Baja,  Cala.,  as  shown  by  a  small  col- 
lection made  there  by  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences,  and 
sent  to  Mr.  Theo.  Pergande  for  determination.  Mr.  PergandrV 
paper  appears  in  the  Proceedings,  series  2,  vol.  iv,  pp.  26-36. 


104  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

ELEMENTARY   ENTOMOLOGY. 

MICROLEPIDOPTERA.— Part  I. 

By  Prof.  C.   H.  FERNALD,  Amherst,  Mass. 


The  group  of  insects  known  as  microlepidoptera  may  be  con- 
veniently divided  into  the  following  families,  viz.  :  Pyralidae, 
Pterophoridae,  Tortricidae  and  Tineidae.  Some  authors  regard 
them  as  superfamilies  under  the  names  Pyralidina,  Tortricina, 
Tmeina  and  Pterophorina,  in  the  order  given.  Others  consider 
the  last-named  group  as  a  family  under  the  Pyralidina,  but  it 
seems  more  natural  to  consider  them  a  distinct  family  and  place 
them  immediately  after  the  Pyralidae,  to  which  .they  seem  most 
nearly  allied. 

The  family  Pyralidae  includes  medium-  and  small-sized  insects 
ranging  in  expanse  of  wings  from  10  to  60  mm.  Their  fore  wings 
are  entire  and  more  or  less  triangular  in  form,  while  the  hind 
wings  are  sometimes  wider,  and,  when  at  rest,  are  more  or  less 
folded  and  covered  by  the  fore  wings,  which  are  placed  horizon- 
tally or  sloping,  with  the  hinder  borders  touching,  along  the  line 
of  the  body.  Some  of  the  species  (Crambids  and  Phycids)  have 
narrower  fore  wings  and  roll  them  around  the  body  when  at  rest. 

The  maxillary  palpi  and  tongue  are  usually  well  developed, 
though  the  latter  is  abortive  in  some  species.  The  ocelli  are 
usually  present. 

The  fore  wings  have  twelve,  eleven,  ten,  nine,  or  even  in  some 
species  only  eight  veins.  The  dorsal  vein  (ib)  is  generally  ac- 
companied by  a  short  internal  vein  (la),  which  sometimes  runs 
to  the  hinder  margin,  sometimes  it  is  lost  before  reaching  the 
margin,  and  sometimes  it  curves  up  and  joins  the  dorsal  vein. 
This  internal  vein  has  very  generally  been  overlooked,  owing, 
perhaps,  to  the  fact  that  many  persons  mount  their  prepared  or 
bleached  wings  in  Canada  balsam,  which  renders  many  of  the 
finer  veins  entirely  invisible.  Wings  designed  for  microscopic 
study  should  be  mounted  in  glycerine  (see  Packard's  "Ento- 
mology  for  Beginners,"  p.  269).  Vein  5  arises  much  nearer  to 
4  than  to  6,  S  and  9  are  stalked. 

The  hind  wings  have  the  frenulum  developed,  and  normally 
contain  eight  veins,  but  the  number  is  sometimes  reduced  to 
.seven,  and  in  a  few  species  to  six.  There  are  three  internal  veins 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  105 

distinguished  as  la,  ib,  and  ic,  counting  outwardly.  Vein  il> 
is  rarely  if  ever  forked  at  the  base,  as  in  the  Tortricids  and  many 
of  the  Tineids.  Vein  5  is  much  nearer  4  at  its  origin,  than  to  6. 
Veins  6  and  7  are  stalked,  or,  in  a  few  species,  they  are  separate. 
The  costal  vein  arises  at  the  base  of  the  wing  near  the  subcostal 
and  runs  near  and  parallel  with  it  to  the  end  of  the  cell,  beyond 
which  it  is  either  joined  with  vein  8  for  a  short  distance,  or  else 
runs  so  close  to  it  as  to  appear  to  unite  with  it.  This  is  an  im- 
portant characteristic  of  this  family. 

The  subfamilies  may  be  separated  by  the  following  table  : 

1.  Median  vein  of  hind  wings  not  hairy  above 2. 

Median  vein  of  hind  wings  hairy  above ,v 

2.  Fere  wings  with  vein  7  separate  from  8  and  9     ....     Pyraustiuae. 
Fore  wings  with  vein  7  arising  from  the  stem  of  8  and  9     .     Pyralinae. 

3.  Fore  wings  with  vein  7  present 4- 

Fore  wings  with  vein  7  absent Phycitinae. 

4.  Maxillary  palpi  triangular Crambinae. 

Maxillary  palpi  not  triangular Galleriinae. 

The  family  Pterophorid^e  (feather-wings  or  plume-moths)  in- 
clude small  moths  ranging  from  10  to  36  mm.  in  expanse  of  wings. 
They  have  slender  bodies;  long,  slim  legs;  long,  narrow  and  fis- 
sured wuigs  which  they  hold  nearly  horizontally,  and  at  right 
angles  with  the  body,  but  the  feathers  of  the  hind  wings  are 
folded  over  each  other  and  drawn  forward  under  the  fore  wings. 

The  genus  Agdistis,  of  Europe,  has  entire  wings,  but  the  fis- 
sure is  indicated.  The  genera  Scoptonoma  and  Stenoptycha,  es- 
tablished by  Zeller  and  placed  among  the  Pterophorids,  have 
been  transferred  to  the  Pyralids,  the  former  being  synonymous 
with  Guenee's  genus  Lineodcs.  The  fringes  are  quite  long,  and 
arranged  on  both  sides  of  the  divisions  of  the  wings,  giving  them 
their  strong  resemblanc?  to  the  feathers  of  a  bird,  and  thus  mak- 
ing more  complete  organs  ot  llight. 

This  family  comprises  two  well-defined  subfamilies:  Pttn- 
phoriiKe  and  Orneodina  . 

The  Pterophorina-  have  a  fissure  in  the  fore  wings  extending 
in  from  the  middle  of  the  outer  margin,  between  veins  4  and  7, 
nearly  one-fourth  of  the  length  of  the  wing.  The  hind  wing'  is 
separated  into  three  divisions  by  two  fissures  extending  in  from 
the  outer  margin,  the  first  between  veins  4  and  8,  nearly  to  the 
middle  of  the  wing,  the  second  between  ic  and  2,  nearly  three- 


106  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

fourths  of  the  distance  to  the  base  of  the  wing".  These  divisions- 
are  called  feathers;  the  anterior  being  called  the  first  feather,  tin- 
middle  one  the  second  feather,  and  the  posterior  one  the  third 
feather. 

The  Orneodinae  may  be  easily  distinguished  by  having  the  fore 
and  hind  wings  each  six-cleft.  Only  one  species  has  as  yet  been 
found  in  this  country,  and  that  is  the  well-known  European  Or- 
neodes  hexadactyla  L.,  the  larva  of  which  feeds  in  the  flowers  of 
honey-suckle  (Lonicera),  spends  the  pupal  state  under  ground 
.ind  hibernates  during  the  Winter  in  the  imago  state. 

The  usual  time  of  flight  of  the  feather-wings  is  on  mild,  calm 
evenings,  when  they  are  frequently  attracted  to  light  and  rarely 
to  sugar.  They  may,  however,  be  easily  "flushed"  in  the  day- 
time from  the  low  shrubbery  on  which  they  usually  rest,  when 
they  will  fly  a  short  distance  and  alight  again.  These  insects  are 
not  generally  very  abundant,  yet  where  one  is  ' '  flushed  '  others- 
can  generally  be  found,  often  in  considerable  numbers. 

A  few  of  the  species  are  of  economic  importance,  as  they  feed 
on  useful  plants  and  sometimes  do  much  injury. 

The  family  Tortricidae,  or  leaf-rollers,  include  a  large  group  of 
rather  stout-bodied  insects,  below  the  medium  size,  ranging  in 
expanse  of  wings  from  7  to  43  mm.  They  are  distributed  very 
widely  over  the  globe,  but  do  not  appear  to  be  so  abundant  in 
tropical  America  as  in  some  other  regions. 

The  head  is  covered  with  coarse,  erect  scales,  which  give  it  a 
rough  appearance.  The  tongue  is  rather  short,  and  in  a  tew 
species  it  is  obsolete.  The  ocelli  are  generally  present.  They 
have  no  maxillary  palpi,  but  the  labial  palpi  are  rather  stout  and 
blunt.  The  antennae  are  from  half  to  three-fourths  as  long  as  the 
costa,  simple  or  pubescent,  and  in  a  very  few  species  pectinated. 
The  legs  are  of  moderate  size  and  length,  and  often  present  sec- 
ondary sexual  characters  in  the  males.  Such  characters  also 
occur  on  other  parts  of  many  of  these  insects,  as  on  the  lore  and 
hind  wings,  antennae,  etc. 

The  fore  wings  are  moderately  elongated,  triangular,  or  some- 
what rectangular,  with  short  fringes.  The  surface  of  the  win^ 
is  generally  smooth,  though  in  some  species  there  are  small  tuits 
of  elevated  scales  arising  at  definite  places.  The  pattern  of  col- 
oration is  quite  uniform  in  the  subfamilies,  but  in  some  species 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  IOJ 

the  fore  wings  are  of  plain  colors  and  entirely  without  markings. 
The  color  and  markings  appear  to  be  of  service  in  concealing 
them  from  their  enemies.  Very  interesting  dimorphic  forms 
occur  in  some  species,  as  Teras  minuta  Robs.  When  these  in- 
sects are  at  rest  the  fore  wings  are  either  spread  out  flat,  or  they 
are  inclined,  roof-shaped,  or  else  they  are  more  or  less  rolled 
around  the  body.  The  fore  wings  have  twelve  veins,  except  in 
a  few  species,  which  have  but  eleven.  Vein  i  is  forked  at  the 
base,  and  all  are  separate  at  the  origin,  except  7  and  8,  which  are 
united  at  the  base  for  a  greater  or  less  extent  in  some  species. 

The  hind  wings  are  more  or  less  trapezoidal  in  form,  and  with- 
out markings,  except  in  a  few  Australian  species.  They  have 
eight  veins,  except  in  a  few  species,  where  3  and  4  coalesce  and 
torm  one.  There  are  three  internal  veins  indicated  as  la,  ib  and 
ic.  These  arise  separately  from  the  base  of  the  wing  behind  the 
median  vein,  and  ib  is  forked  at  the  base.  The  costal  vein  arises 
free  from  the  base  of  the  wing  and  very  near  to  the  base  of  the 
subcostal  which  is  so  fine  near  the  base  as  often  to  appear  to  be 
merged  into  the  costal.  This  position  of  the  costal  vein  of  the 
hind  wing  and  the  fork  at  the  base  of  ib,  readily  separates  the 
Tortricids  from  the  Pyralids. 

The  subfamilies  may  be  separated  by  the  following  table  : 

1.  Median  vein  of  hind  wings  hairy  above Grapholithinae. 

Median  vein  of  hind  wings  not  hairy  above 2. 

2.  Vein  2  of  the  fore  wings  from  near  middle  of  median  vein  .     Tortricinae. 
Vein  2  of  the  fore  wings  from  outer  third  of  median  vein  .     Conchylinse. 

A  large- majority  of  the  Tortricids  fold  or  roll  together  the 
leaves  of  the  plants  upon  which  they  feed.  Some  feed  in  fruit 
and  seeds;  others  are  borers  in  stems,  and  a  few  are  supposed  to 
be  gall  makers,  while  one  has  been  shown  to  be  carnivorous. 

There  is  probably  no  other  family  of  insects  in  which  a  larger 
proportion  of  the  species  is  injurious  to  plants  that  are  of  value 
to  man. 

The  usual  time  of  flight  is  from  4  to  7  or  8  in  the  evening,  but 
they  may  be  "flushed"  or  beaten  from  the  bushes  at  other  times 
of  the  clay.  A  very  few  come  to  light  or  sugar,  but  not  many 
can  be  captured  by  these  methods. 


108  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

NOTE  ON  SCOLOPOSTETHUS. 

By  E.  P.  VAN  DUZEE. 

In  the  November,  1893,  number  of  the  "Revue  d'Entomologie," 
Dr.  C.  Horvath,  in  an  article  on  "LesScolopostethus  Americains,  " 
questions  the  occurrence  of  .5".  affinis  Schill.  in  this  country. 
Three  American  species  of  this  genus  are  known  to  him,  two  of 
which  he  describes  as  new,  the  third  he  identifies  with  .5".  thomsoni 
Rent. ,  of  Europe. 

This  note  of  Dr.  Horvath' s  has  led  me  to  go  over  my  material 
in  this  genus  with  the  following  results  :  All  my  specimens  evi- 
dently belong-  to  one  species.  They  want  the  mesosternal  tuber- 
cles, but  possess  the  long  erect  bristles  on  the  vertex  near  the 
ocelli.  The  lower  edge  of  the  anterior  femora  is  minutely  den- 
ticulate beyond  the  prominent  tooth  and  more  coarsely  on  the 
basal  one-half.  In  some  examples  the  second  joint  of  the  antenrue 
is  entirely  pale,  in  others  the  apex  is  piceous,  while  one  specimen 
has  this  joint  and  the  base  of  the  third  pale.  On  the  claws  the 
two  outer  rows  of  punctures  are  parallel  and  the  apex  ot  the 
corium  is  broadly  piceous.  In  some  the  membrane  is  short,  in 
others  fully  developed,  but  in  all  there  is  a  large  whitish  spot 
exteriorly  next  the  tip  of  the  corium  more  conspicuous  in  the 
macropterous  examples. 

Comparing  these  specimens  with  Dr.  Horvath's  synopsis  in  the 
"Revue"  for  1892,  I  can  discover  no  characters  sufficient  to 
distinguish  them  from  the  European  .5".  thomsoni.  The  name 
•S.  affinis  Schill.  I  received  from  some  of  my  correspondents 
about  nine  years  ago  when  1  first  took  up  the  study  of  the  Hem- 
iptera,  and  have  never  made  a  careful  study  of  this  species  to 
verify  the  determination. 

o 

ARKANSAS  LEPIDOPTERA. 

^ 

By  Rev.  JOHN  DAVIS.   Little  Rock,  Ark. 

• 
A  somewhat  diligent  canvass  of  the  suburbs  of  Little  Rock 

during  the  past  season  leaves  the  conviction  that,  contrary  to  sonic 
current  beliefs,  there  are  few  diurnals  here  new  to  the  science. 
Throughout  the  early  months  it  was  very  rainy  and  cold,  so  that 
it  is  probable  some  of  the  less  frequent  species  were  overlooked. 
But  those  who  are  expecting  any  numerous  "finds"  from  this 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     XK\VS.  109 

State,  aside  from  the  Heterocera,  are  likely  to  wait  apace.    Among 
the  moths   I   believe    some  new  and  beautiful  varieties  are   still 
awaiting  description.      Arkansas  offers  a  most  inviting  field  for 
the  lepiclopterist.     The  common  moths  that  are  about  our  houses 
are  emerging  already  these  early  days  in  January.     'Not  many 
weeks  hence  we  will   see  archippus  and  P.   rapce  lazily  flitting 
about  over  gardens  and  hedges.     The  earliest  D.  'archippus  seen 
last  season  was  on  March  12,  while  on  the  iyth  following  a  school 
girl  picked  up  by  the  road-side  a  superb  specimen  of  Deilephila 
lineata.      It  would  be  hazardous  to  say  how  many  broods  of  P. 
rapce  emerge  between  March  and  December,  and  the  same  applies 
to  not  a  few  other  species.      I  observed  P.  rapce  pairing  as  late 
as  December  ist.      In  the  midst  of  so  much  that  invites  the  ento- 
mologist in  Arkansas,  it  is  almost  disheartening  to  see  the  few 
engaged  here  in  the  study.     Aside  from  the  force  at  the  Experi- 
ment Station  at  Fayetteville,  I  do  not  know  of  a  single  worker  or 
collector  in  the  State.     In  the  face  of  so  little  local  study  and 
investigation  it  may  be  rash  to  say  there  are  no  new  diurnals 
here.      The  appended  1'st  is,  therefore,    only  a  partial  one,  the 
captures  being  chiefly  on  the  streets  and  gardens  of  Little  Rock, 
or  in  the  immediate  environs  : 

P.  tunius.  Pamphila  phylaeus. 

P.  cresphontes.  Terias  lisa, 
P.  rapce.  nicippe. 

P.  protodice.  Nathalis  iole. 

C.  eurytheme.  Phyciodes  phaon. 

C.  philodice.  Thecla poeas. 
G.  interrogationis.  I  .ycaena  alee. 

G.  comma.  comyntas. 

G.  progne.  Euptoeita  claudia. 

L.  ursiila.  Pyrameis  hunter  a. 

D .  portlandia.  Neonympha  sosybius. 
P.  troglodyta.  Apatura  clyton. 

D.  archippus.  Apatnra  rar.  proserpina. 

/.  coenia.  r\'rgns  \j  rich/us. 

Pamphila  accius.  l^liolisora  catullus. 

The  last  fourteen  were  identified  through  the  courtesy  of  Dr. 
Skinner,  editor  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  Xi-.us. 


110  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

TACHYRIS  ILAIRE  n.  var.  NEUMOEGENII. 

By  Dr.   HENRY  SKINNER. 

(See  plate  iv.) 

The  species  T.  ilaire  is  one  of  our  larger  butterflies,  and  is 
found  in  Florida,  Texas  and  Arizona.  It  is  quite  a  variable 
species,  and  our  Florida  specimens  differ  materially  from  those 
found  in  the  West  Indies,  South  and  Central  America.  Mv 

j 

attention  was  called  to  this  difference  by  Mr.  B.  Neumoegen 
whose  collection  contains  a  fine  series  of  specimens  from  the 
Indian  River,  Florida,  and  those  of  other  localities.  Mr.  Neu- 
moegen has  sent  me  four  females  for  study  and  inspection,  and 
these  I  have  before  me.  Three  are  from  the  Indian  River,  Fla., 
and  one  is  from  Arizona.  In  the  Indian  River  specimens,  the 
inferiors  above  are  lemon-yellow  and  the  superiors  white,  with 
the  tips  and  basal  areas  grayish  black.  One  specimen  has  a  bor- 
der of  this  darker  color  on  the  superiors.  The  Arizona  specimen 
has  quite  a  wide  dark  border  to  all  the  wings.  The  wings 
beneath  are  white  with  the  bases  of  the  superiors  rich  orange. 
The  males  are  entirely  white,  and  those  from  the  Indian  River,  that 
1  have,  show  no  dark  tip  to  the  superiors,  while  the  South  Amer- 
ican and  Central  American  specimens  have  a  marked  black  tip. 
The  males  beneath  are  white  and  only  show  traces  of  the  orange. 
The  Florida  males  are  more  of  a  cream  color,  while  the  South 
American  males  are  more  of  a  dead  white.  The  males  and 
females  figured  are  from  the  Indian  River,  Fla.,  and  for  this  form 
I  propose  the  varietal  name  neumoegenii.  There  are  four  Cuban 
specimens  in  the  coll.  of  the  American  Entomological  Society. 
The  females  of  these  have  a  black  border  to  all  four  wings;  that 
of  the  inferiors  not  being  nearly  so  heavy  as  on  the  superior  wings. 
Dr.  Staudinger  in  his  "  Exotische  SchmetterHnge,"  figures  this 
species,  and  the  %>  has  the  black  tip  on  the  apices  of  the  superiors 
and  the  9  has  a  wide  black  border  on  both  the  superior  and  in- 
ferior wings.  This  I  take  to  be  the  typical  form. 

o— 

THE  BOLD  ROBBER  FLY. 

By  S.   F.   AARON. 

Among  insects  of  the  order  called  Diptera,  the  two-winged  flies, 
to  which  the  mosquito,  gnat,  horse-fly,  common  house-fly,  etc., 
belong,  is  particularly  noted  for  its  extremes  in  insect  character- 


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1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  Ill 

istics.  The  order  possesses  the  fastest  rivers,  the  biggest  eaters, 
the  strongest  jumpers  (the  flea),  the  most  gluttonous  blood- 
suckers and  the  most  rapacious  species  of  the  class  insecta.  Of 
the  rapacious  Diptera,  the  typical  example  is  the  robber  tly, 
known  to  naturalists  by  the  scientific  term  Asi/us,  of  which  there 
are  many  different  species,  large  and  small.  Our  most  common 
species  around  Philadelphia  is  about  one  inch  long,  light  and 
dark  brown,  with  silky,  gray  tufts  of  hair  about  its  body  and  a 
bluish  spot  at  the  last  segment  of  its  slender  abdomen. 

The  robber  fly  is  the  peregrin  falcon  of  insects,  and  hawk  fly 
would  be  a  better  name  for  it.      It  will  seize  almost  any  insect  as 

J 

its  prey,  often  a  grasshopper  so  large  that  it  cannot  fly  with  it  or 
a  stout  moth,  sometimes  many  times  larger  than  itself,  a  bug, 
beetle,  fly,  or  even  a  bee,  wasp,  or  small  hornet.  The  Asilns 
seems  rather  inclined  toward  the  stinging  Hymenoptera  (the  bee 
and  wasp  order),  and  there  is  a  species  found  in  the  Southern 
States  that  makes  the  annulated  paper  nest  wasp  Polistes  almost 
exclusively  his  prey.  The  robber  fly  has  three  principal  charac- 
teristics that  serve  his  hawk-like  habits:  long,  but  strong  legs,  a 
long  and  exceedingly  sharp,  sword-like  proboscis,  and  muscular 
wings  that  enable  him  to  overtake  almost  every  other  insect  in 
the  air  or  to  pounce  upon  his  victim  resting  on  leaf  or  flower. 
If  he  seizes  a  bee  or  wasp  his  legs  are  long  enough  to  hold  his 
prey  so  that  he  cannot  be  reached  by  the  sting.  His  proboscis, 
held  when  inactive  in  a  sort  of  double  sheath,  the  point  just  pro- 
truding, is  capable  of  great  extension,  and  is  also  a  haustelum; 
with  it  the  Asilus  sucks  the  juices  of  his  victims.  No  insect  will 
live  any  length  of  time  with  a  considerable  part  of  its  insides 
pumped  out.  The  robber  fly  always  pounces  upon  the  back  of 
a  wasp  or  other  insect;  sometimes  when  its  prey  is  apparently 
unsuspecting.  The  struggle  is  short,  sharp  and  decisive.  An 
Asilns  has  been  seen  to  seize  a  grasshopper,  and  the  powerful 
Arridian  did  everything,  lor  a  few  moments,  to  dislodge  its 
raptor,  the  first  few  springs  rolling  them  both  over  in  the  grass, 
the  robber  keeping  his  hold  and  remaining  on  the  grasshopper's 
back,  while  the  latter  tried  to  scrape  the  fly  off  with  his  Ion- 
hind  legs.  In  a  moment  the  sword  proboscis  was  thrust  away 
into  the  back  of  the  'hopper's  head,  and  with  a  few  convulsive 
kicks  the  Acridian  expired,  literally  bereft  of  his  brains,  or  what 
part  of  them  the  fly  could  make  a  meal  of. 


112  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

On  another  occasion  the  writer  happened  to  spy  the  Asilus  just 
finishing  a  wasp,  and  though  its  body  was  somewhat  larger  than 
the  robber  the  latter  flew  off  with  it  almost  as  swiftly  as  if  not  at 
ail  burdened.     One  frequently  comes  across  our  common  Asilus- 
struggling  in  the  grass  with  a  moth,  sometimes  twice  the  size  of 
the  fly,  and  it  is  not  uncommon  to  find  him  with  a  bumble-bee, 
which  he  will  carry  from  grass-stalk  to  grass-stalk  when  disturbed. 
A  light  brown  Asilus,  rather  rare  about  Philadelphia,  occasionally 
seizes  upon  the  common   sulphur-yellow  field   butterfly,    Colias 
philodice. 

The  keen  sword-like  proboscis  of  the  robber  fly  is  easily  thrust 
through  the  hard  coat-of-mail  of  a  wasp,  hornet,  certain  beetles 
and  all  other  softer  insects,  and  will  stop  their  struggles  in  a  few 
seconds.  But  the  robber  occasionally  attacks  insects  that  pos- 
sess such  invulnerable  outer  crusts  that  his  sharp  bill  cannot 
pierce  it.  A  friend  tells  of  an  instance  in  which  he  saw  a  robber 
fly  attack  a  gold  bee,  C/ijysis,  a  small  metallic-colored  insect  that 
is  so  hard  that  one  cannot  crush  it  between  the  finger  and  thumb. 
The  fly  held  the  bee  easily  enough,  despite  its  struggles,  but 
could  not  thrust  his  proboscis  into  the  head  or  thorax  of  the 
Chrysis,  and  after  repeated  trials  gave  up  the  job  and  flew  away, 
and  the  bee,  not  hurt  at  all,  flew  away  also. 

The  writer  once  saw  a  robber  fly  drop  a  divaricated  Buprestis 
(the  pretty  beetle,  golden  and  green,  that  boys  call  "  coat-tails") 
and  the  beetle  ran  away  unhurt.  The  robber  had  evidently  been 
trying  to  thrust  its  bill  through  its  hard  exterior  and  had  failed. 
There  are  several  beetles  that  will  thus  foil  the  Asilus. 

The  Asilus  also  sometimes  more  than  meets  his  match.  I  once 
witnessed  an  affair  between  a  large  black  robber  fly  (found  only 
in  the  South  and  when  on  the  wing,  in  general  appearance,  like 

a  dragon  fly)  and  the  famous  sand  hornet,  the  beautiful  Stigns. 
The  hornet  is  another  rapacious  insect,  but  uses  the  paralyzed 
bodies  of  her  victims  only  to  lay  her  eggs  in,  then  burying  them, 
that  the  coming  generation  of  hornets,  when  hatched,  will  have 
food  and  shelter  with  which  and  wherein  to  carry  on  their  trans- 
formations into  the  full-grown  insect.  The  victims  of  the  Stigus 
are  fat  grasshoppers  or  spiders  and  the  dog-day  locust,  Cicada 
pruinosa,  a  first  cousin  to  the  seventeen-year  locust  of  fame.  The 
struggle  between  the  hornet  and  her  victim  is  over  more  quickly 
than  that  between  \\\^Asihts  and  his  prey.  The  Cicada  is  very 
swift  of  wing,  and  I  do  not  believe  the  robber  fly  could  catch  it, 
but  the  hornet  often  does  catch  and  kill  it  in  the  air. 


1894-]  KXTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  113 

VISITORS  FROM  SOUTH  AMERICA. 


The  Many-footed  Hosts  that  are  brought  here  as  Stowaways. 


Throughout  the  year,  but  particularly  at  this  season,  when  the 
city  is  dependent  upon  the  tropics  for  its  fruit  supply,  almost 
every  steamer  entering  New  York  brings  a  number  of  many-footed 
stowaways.  The  steamers  which  bring  the  most  of  these  stowa- 
ways are  those  that  come  from  the  West  Indies  and  Central 
America,  loaded  with  bananas,  and  a  naturalist  will  always  be 
rewarded  by  a  visit  to  any  of  the  piers  where  these  vessels  unload. 
As  bunch  after  bunch  of  bananas  is  handed  out  from  the  hold  to 
be  packed  away  in  large  open  vans,  a  lizard  often  drops  out  and 
can  be  easily  captured.  These  are  of  every  color,  many  of  them 
beautiful,  and  all  perfectly  harmless.  Sometimes  a  small  tropical 
moth  flutters  out,  and  a  careml  observer  will  find  many  sorts  of 
ants,  from  great  black  fellows  that  have  a  savage  bite  to  the 
tiniest  of  the  species. 

Very  unwelcome  visitors  are  centipedes  and  scorpions,  that 
frequently  find  shelter  in  the  large  green  bunches,  and  many  of 
the  men  who  handle  the  fruit  have  been  stung  by  those  noxious 
insects.  The  sting  of  the  scorpion  seems  instantly  to  parali/e 
the  limb  struck,  and  causes  most  acute  pain  and  much  swelling. 
The  centipede,  whose  every  leg  is  armed  with  a  sting  that  leaves 
its  poison  behind  as  it  hurries  over  the  human  skin,  leaves  a  trail 
of  pain  behind  it  which  is  quite  acute  as  that  caused  by  the  scor- 
pion. The  best  remedy  for  these  stings  is  strong  spirits  of 
ammonia,  which  should  beat  once  rubbed  into  the  skin  vigorously. 

Now  and  then  a  small  snake  makes  his  appearance  from  among 
the  fruit,  and  always  causes  a  panic  among  the  people  near  by. 
These  are  always  of  the  tree  variety,  and  are  generally  harm- 
less, but  they  receive  no  favor  and  are  soon  battered  into  a  jelly. 
Spiders  are  among  the  most  common  of  these  tropical  immigrants, 
and  among  these  the  hairy-legged  tarantula  is,  very  rightly,  (In- 
most dreaded.  One  that  was  captured  recently  covered  nearly 
as-much  ground  as  a  man's  hand.  The  ugly  customer  lived  tor 
several  weeks  in  confinement.  It  was  fed  on  raw  meat;  but  was 
particularly  fond  of  cockroaches.  The  other  spiders  that  come 
on  the  fruit  ships  are  harmless,  and  almost  all  of  them  are  beauti- 
fully marked,  and  are  prized  by  naturalists. 

4* 


114  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April, 

Various  species  of  beetle  can  often  be  found  on  these  ships, 
from  the  giant  elephant  to  some  not  larger  than  a  pin's  head. 
Among  this  class  of  insects  the  naturalist  will  occasionally  find 
.a  rare  species  that  will  repay  him  for  many  hours  spent  on  the 
•windy  piers.  Not  uncommon  visitors  are  the  frogs,  little  green 
and  brown  fellows,  that  could  give. Mark  Twain's  jumping  frogs 
points  and  then  beat  him  out  of  sight.  So  nimble  are  these  little 
batrachians  that  it  is  hard  work  to  catch  them.  If  caught  they 
should  be  let  loose  in  a  greenhouse,  where  they  do  wonderfully 
well  and  do  much  good  in  killing  parasites.  For  its  size  the  tree 
frog  can  croak  louder  than  any  other  member  oi  his  loud-voiced 
family. 

Timber-laden  vessels  from  the  tropics  are  always  worth  a  visit. 
Scorpions  and  centipedes  are  common  upon  them,  and  generally 
the  visitor  is  rewarded  by  finding  many  beetles,  and  sometimes 
the  chrysalis  of  some  tropical  butterfly  or  moth  may  be  met  with, 
Avhich,  if  kept  in  a  warm  place,  will  hatch  and  give  the  collector 
a  perfect  specimen  of  an  insect  he  little  dreamed  of  ever  possess- 
ing. Among  the  wood,  too,  may  often  be  found  the  nests  of  the 
mason  wasp.  If  these  are  broken  open  and  the  grub  is  not  full 
grown,  one  is  sure  to  find  several  kinds  of  small  spiders  that  the 
mother  wasp  had  stung  into  insensibility  and  placed  in  the  cell 
for  food  for  her  progeny. — Newspaper. 


AN  INSECT  MINE. — Three  years  ago,  in  April,  as  I  was  collecting  insects 
on  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan,  on  the  coast  from  South  Chicago,  111., 
tc  Whiting,  Ind.,  I  found,  to  my  surprise,  wintering  in  and  on  the  sand, 
•Coleoptera  of  every  kind.  I  found  principally  good  and  complete  speci- 
mens of  Doryphora  io-1'uieata,  Catalpa  lanigcra  by  the  hundred  from  one- 
half  inch  to  one  and  one-half  inches  deep  in  the  sand,  while  under  the 
small  pieces  of  wood,  principally  bark  and  rubbish  that  had  been  washed 
to  the  shore,  could  be  seen  a  great  many  specimens  of  Calcrita  jaiins  and 
Sp/ieuop/ionis  of  different  varieties,  even  this  large  light  gray  specimen, 
C.  sc fiitu for  of  a  darker  and  dull  green  color  than  ours  of  Missouri,  some 
C.  calidnni  and  Ceopinns  i/icnissa/its,  while  Pterostichns  and  Flatynus  of 
every  kind,  I  gathered  by  the  thousand.  I  have  of  late  years  visited  the 
sand  shores  of  the  Mississippi,  but  never  again  have  I  seen  such  greg.iri- 
onsness  in  insects.  Those  interested  in  Entomology  living  on  lake 
.shores  have  a  good  chance  if  1891  was  not  an  exceptional  year  for  Chicago 
suburbs. — EUGENE  R.  FISCHER. 


115 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
lain  no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  mock-rate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  Sl.'OO,  IN  ADVANCE. 

fig^  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  APRIL,   1894. 


THE  NEW  ENTOMOLOGY. 

The  above  is  the  title  of  the  annual  address  delivered  before  the  En- 
tomological Society  of  Lancashire  and  Cheshire,  England,  fan.  8,  1894, 
by  \Y.  E.  Sharp,  from  which  we  quote  :  "  Entomology  is  comparatively 
an  old  science,  but  it  must  be  apparent  that  of  recent  years  the  study  has 
assumed  a  wider  horizon,  and  taken  to  itself  new  and  perhaps  even  more 
fascinating  methods. ' '  With  all  respect  to  the  past  masters  in  Entomology, 
how  limited  was  their  sense  of  domain  they  were  investigating.  Patient 
and  reliable  as  were  their  researches,  valuable  as  was  the  knowledge  of 
Nature  they  acquired  and  bequeathed  to  us,  they  never  seemed  to  trouble 
themselves  about  the  meaning,  the  why  of  phenomena,  the  how;  the 
methods  of  tilings  were  enough  for  them.  The  disciples  of  the  past  sup- 
posed that  when  every  insect  form  in  the  world  had  been  described  and 
catalogued,  and  the  whole  of  the  order  finally  and  unanimously  arranged 
in  methodical  series  of  divisions  then  their  purpose  would  be  accomplished 
.md  their  occupation  gone.  We,  on  the  contrary,  know  that  even  with 
such  perfected  work  our  real  labors  would  be  but  begun. 


A  CoLLHCTio.x  NOTK.— On  February  25th,  three  collectors  near  New- 
ark took  the  following  specimens  around  the  base  of  trees.  Any  number 
of  Notiophi/ns  siiuru'iis,  Dyschyrius  globulosus,  Hcinhidinin  i-ons/ricfiini, 
]!.  .f-tnat-ii/alinn;  between  fifty  and  sixty  Mctahletus  auicricauus,  also 
Apenes sinuata,  Platynusmetallescens,  Droniiiispift-ns,  ( 'rypfair/ni  amp/a, 
Pandeletejus hilaris,  Onntius  rcn/i.r,  besides  a  considerable  number  of 
Staphylinidse,  which  have  not  yet  been  identified. — K.  A.  I'.ISCIIUFK. 


Il6  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [April, 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N,  J. 

California  Entomology.— The  report  of  the  work  of  the  Agricultural 
Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  California  for  the  year  1891,  '92 
is  at  hand,  and  contains,  among  other  things  of  interest,  synopsis  of  the 
diseases  of  cultivated  plants  and  one  of  the  families  of  insects.  Under 
the  title,  Diseases  of  Cultivated  Plants,  are  included  the  effects  of  the 
injuries  caused  by  insects,  and  it  is  attempted  to  give,  in  a  diagnostic  way, 
those  characters  which  will  enable  the  average  "intelligent  farmer"  (a 
term,  by-the-bye,  to  which  I  have  heard  objections)  to  recognize  what  it 
is  that  troubles  him.  Having  determined  from  the  first  synopsis  whether 
the  trouble  is  disease  or  insect  work,  the  second  synopsis  is  intended  to 
enable  the  individual  to  determine  what  insect  or  what  sort  of  creature 
has  caused  the  trouble.  The  make-up  of  the  table  is  decidedly  original, 
and  in  practice  it  may  work  well  in  some  hands.  The  farmers  in  California, 
however,  must  be  very  much  further  advanced  than  most  of  those  along 
the  Atlantic  coast  if  they  find  themselves  able  to  make  satisfactory  deter- 
minations from  the  publication.  This  is  not  intended  at  all  as  adverse 
criticism  upon  the  value  of  the  synopsis,  because  this  has  undoubtedly 
been  carefully  thought  out  and  put  into  as  clear  a  language  as  possible. 
It  is  simply  that  the  average  farmer,  intelligent  or  otherwise,  would  very 
mnch  rather  write  to  the  Station  and  send  specimens,  throwing  upon  the 
entomologist  the  burden  of  telling  him  just  what  to  do,  than  he  would 
make  use  of  such  a  paper  as  that  given  us  by  Mr.  \Voodworth.  This  is 
not  really  surprising,  for  what  may  seem  very  simple  and  clear  to  a  trained 
mind,  may  be  altogether  beyond  even  a  well-developed  one  not  used  to 
analytical  methods. 

Habits  Of  the  Cockroach.— Mr.  Roy  Hopping,  Bloomfield,  N.  J.,  writes 
on  this  subject  as  follows:  "  Your  note  on  the  habits  of  cockroaches  in  the 
KNT.  NEWS  for  March,  1894,  recalls  to  me  the  way  we  got  rid  of  that  pest 
in  our  house.  The  family  was  still  away  at  the  seashore,  and  my  father, 
returning  before  them,  conceived  the  idea  of  disinfecting  the  house  with 
a  sulphur  candle.  If  you  have  never  seen  this  harmless  toy  I  will  say  it 
is  sulphur  contained  in  a  tin  cup  about  half  the  size  of  a  fruit-can  and  has 
four  wicks.  It  was  started  at  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  and  at  ten  my 
father,  after  opening  the  do6r,  decided  to  take  a  walk,  Returning  at 
twelve  he  managed  to  get  in  after  making  several  dives  at  the  windows 
from  the  open  dour  and  throwing  these  open.  By  much  ventilation  he 
managed  to  make  the  upper  stories  habitable.  It  was  known  there  were 
some  roaches  in  the  house  and  they  had  increased  during  the-  time  the 
house  was  unoccupied.  The  sulphur  drew  them  from  their  holes  for  air 
and  has  that  advantage  over  poison.  The  next  morning,  armed  with 
broom,  shovel  and  barrel — but  suffice  it  to  say  we  haven't  had  any 
roaches  since." 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  117 

Report  on  the  Insects  of  New  York.— Dr.  Lintner's  8th  Report  has  just 
ci  >ine  to  hand.  It  is  for  the  year  1891,  and  therefore  fully  two  years  behind. 
There  is  no  question  as  to  the  value  of  the  Report,  for  it  is  up  to  Dr.  Lint- 
ner's  usual  standard  of  thoroughness;  but  it  is  at  least  unfortunate  that 
it  is  impossible  to  bring  out  the  Report  in  time  for  use  in  the  season  follow- 
in-  that  in  which  the  studies  were  made.  This  is  one  point  in  which  most 
Experiment  Stations  have  the  advantage  of  State  officers  whose  publica- 
tions are  confined  to  an  Annual  Report;  for  they  can  by  means  of  Bulletins 
reach  the  farmers  at  the  time  at  which  information  will  be  most  useful  to 
them.  Considerable  space  is  devoted  in  the  Report  to  a  history  of  the 
Pear  Midge,  and  the  suggestion  is  made  that  the  larvae  be  destroyed  by 
killing  the  blossoms  after  the  eggs  have  been  deposited,  by  the  use  of  the 
arsenites  in  sufficient  strength,  or  drenching  the  ground  beneath  the  trees 
after  the  larva-  have  entered  it,  with  the  kerosene  emulsion.  The  latter 
recommendation  is  hardly  practical,  and  would  be  altogether  too  expen- 
sive. I  do  not  think  it  would  be  possible  to  get  the  farmers  to  go  into  the 
business  of  manufacturing  kerosene  emulsions  on  any  scale  large  enough 
lo  enable  them  to  drench  an  orchard  covering  acres  of  ground.  Lime  or 
wood  ashes  are  also  recommended,  but  there  is  no  actual  experiment  to 
Mipport  the  recommendation.  Blasting  the  blossoms  would  undoubtedly 
<  •  ffective  could  the  pear  growers  be  induced  to  adopt  the  remedy  ;  but 
it  is  here  that  the  difficulty  will  be  found;  for  in  my  experience  there  is 
nothing  in  the  world  that  the  average  farmer  or  fruit-grower  hates  worse 
than  to  do  anything  that  will  injure  a  possible  fruit,  even  when  it  is  demon- 
strated to  him  that  there  is  not  one  chance  in  a  thousand  of  his  getting  it. 
Another  series  of  articles  <  >f  great  interest  is  on  the  Fish-flies,  Chauliodcs 
and  Corydalis,  giving  the  life-history  of  the  species  and  some  interesting 
information  concerning  their  habits.  The  Report  contains  altogether  too 
many  matters  to  be  referred  to  at  length;  but  on  looking  it  over  the  ento- 
mologist finds  that  almost  every  subject  has  been  treated  in  some  wax- 
since  the  Report  was  written,  and  while  Dr.  Lintner  has  brought  up  tin- 
articles  to  date  as  far  as  possible,  yet  it  is,  in  our  hurry-scurry  age,  already 
a  little  behind  the  time,  which,  however,  does  not  prevent  it  from  being 
an  extremly  valuable  one  to  his  constituency. 


WHY  KRKIU'S  ENTERS  HOUSKS. — The  query  as  to  why  Ju'i-fnix  enter- 
houses,  proposed  by  Prof.  Westcott  in  the  last  number  of  the  NH\VS,  brings 
to  mind  a  habit  of  these  moths  which  I  noticed  while  in  the  Bahama  Islands 
last  Summer.  These  islands  have  numerous  large  caves  which  are  the 
retreat  during  daytime  of  hosts  of  /ur/ms,  sharing  the  shelter  from  the 
tropical  sun  with  the  larged-earecl  bats  of  that  region  i  Maciolns  :catcr- 
hoHsii}.  Occasionally  the  moths  may  be  started  from  very  thick  foli 
but  the  caves  appear  to  be  the  favorite  hiding-places.  It  seems  that  the 
rave-frequenting  habit  might  quite  possibly  account  to1' the  predilection 
the  species  of  l-'.i;  :/>ns  show  lor  houses  when  they  Straggle  in  regions  where 
their  accustomed  shelters  are  hard  lo  find. — H.  V.  WICKHAM. 


IlS  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

Notes  and 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  (QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NK\VS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy"  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue,  'fhis  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


Mr.  E.  I>.  Poui-TON  has  been  elected  to  the  Hope  Professorship  at 
Oxford,  which  was  made  vacant  by  the  death  of  J.  O.  Westwood. 

Prof.  A.  J.  COOK,  for  many  years  professor  of  entomology  in  the 
Agricultural  College  of  Michigan,  has  removed  to  Claremont,  Cal.,  where 
he  is  professor  of  zoology  in  Pomona  college.—  "  Insect  Life." 

DR.  WESTCOTT  writes  us  that  he  took  one  example  of  Composiafidel- 
issitna  H.  S.,  Jan.  2,  1894,  at  Jupiter,  Fla.  It  was  perfectly  fresh  and  very 
sluggish  in  flight,  probably  not  long  from  the  pupa.  Nothing  else  was  on 
the  wing,  except  some  battered  specimens  of  Eudavnus proteus  Linn,  and 
a  few  Diptera. 

AN  IMPORTED  BOSTRYCHUS. — In  looking  over  the  material  of  a  fellow 
collector  at  Newark  I  found  seven  or  eight  specimens  of  a  Ilostrychns 
new  to  me.  I  asked  where  it  was  taken  and  was  informed  that  it  came 
from  parties  working  in  a  licorice-factory  and  was  found  flying  around  the 
lights,  the  factory  working  night  and  day.  In  exploring  the  locality  near 
the  factory  I  was  unable  to  find  where  they  could  come  from,  until  I 
learned  that  some  of  the  wood  in  use  in  the  factory  was  imported  from 
Spain  and  Turkey.  Suspecting,  therefore,  an  imported  species  I  handed 
it  to  Prof.  Smith,  who  Informs  me  that,  according  to  Dr.  Horn,  it  is  /.'. 
capucinus,  a  species  not  heretofore  recorded  as  having  been  taken  in 
North  America.  It  is  almost  certain  that  the  specimens  were  brought  in 
the  material  impoited  for  the  use  of  the  factory,  and  almost  equally  cer- 
tain that  the  species  has  not  yet  gotten  a  foothold  on  any  American  trees 
— E.  A.  BISCHOFF. 

IDENTITY  OF  PEXOMACHUS  AND  HEMITKLES. — It    ha:;   long    been    tin 
opinion  of  experienced  entomologists  that  l\'zo>nachus  is  but  tin-  winglf- 
form  of  Hemiteles.      This   gen.-nc    identity,    although    pointed    out    b\ 
Snellen  von  Vollenhoven,  has  been  neglected  in  recent  lists  of  Messrs. 
Cresson  and  Howard,  who  admit  the  two  forms  as  distinct  genera.     Tin 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  119 

following  observation  completes  the  proof  attempted  by  Walsh.  In  1873 
I  bred  from  a  cocoon  of  spider  eggs  upwards  of  a  dozen  specimens  ot  :i 
dark-colored  species.  Part  of  these  were  wingless  with  the  thorax  as  in 
J'ezoinciclucs,  others  were  perfectly  winged  and  the  thorax  was  fully  devel- 
'  oped  as  in  Heniite/cs,  with  which  genus  the  venation  agreed;  but  there 
were  also  a  number  of  intermediate  forms  with  minute  wing-pads,  or  with 
no  signs  of  wings,  yet  with  the  thorax  perfect,  showing  the  transition 
between  the  two  genera  to  occur  in  this  one  species. — \V.\i.  HAMITUN 
PATTON,  Hartford,  Conn. 

THK  VALUE  OF  LOCAL  LISTS. — The  "  List  of  insects  taken  in  the  Alpine 
region  of  Alt.  Washington  by  Mrs.  Slosson  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for 
January,  which  includes  so  many  species  not  before  found  at  so  high  an 
altitude  is  of  a  good  deal  of  value  from  a  zoo-geographical  point  of  view. 
A  number  of  specialists  are  under  many  obligations  to  Mrs.  Slosson  for 
her  assiduous  and  unselfish  labors.  Indeed,  in  the  great  dearth  of  good 
collectors,  it  is  fortunate  for  the  science  that  there  is  some  one  who  is  will- 
ing to  spend  the  time  to  collect  in  all  orders.  The  great,  need  at  present 
is  the  publication  of  full  local  lists  based  on  specimens  named  by  experts. 
As  one  who  has  greatly  profited  by  the  large  collections  made  in  the  South 
as  well  as  in  White  Mountain  region  by  the  author  of  this  list,  the  writer 
bears  testimony  to  the  value  of  such  labors.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the 
example  thus  set  will  be  followed  by  others  in  the  Western  and  Pacific 
States. — A.  S.  PACKARD. 

THE  importance  of  carefully  printing  the  date  and  volume  of  a  journal 
on  the  pages  of  papers  extracted  therefrom  has  again  been  illustrated 
by  a  recent  occurrence.  In  the  NEWS  for  March,  p.  81,  in  noticing 
Dr.  Coding's  Catalogue  of  the  Membracida;,  we  were  obliged  to  mark 
both  the  volume  and  the  date  with  an  interrogation  point  (?l.  This  has 
of  course  attracted  Dr.  Coding's  attention,  and  he  writes  to  say  that 
every  copy  of  this  paper  lisent  to  me  has  a  cover  on  which  is  plainly 
printed  'Vol.  iii,'  and  at  the  bottom  '1894.'  Possibly  copies  were  scut 
out  which  had  no  covers.  The  Catalogue  complete  was  received  by  me, 
Jan.  18,  1894,  and  doubtless  was  shipped  a  day  or  two  earlier."  Dr.  Cod- 
ing's conjecture  is  correct,  and  the  copy  received  by  the  American  Ento- 
mological Society  had  no  cover  when  received,  while  special  care  li.nl 
been  taken  to  examine  this  copy  to  find  these  indications,  but  in  vain. 
Tin-  journal  in  question  is  the  Bulletin  of  the  Illinois  State  I.ahorati  n  \ 
of  Natural  History. 

SPIDER  MIMICKV. — In  the  middle  of  October,  1893,  I  wasbusilv  engaged 
on  the  banks  of  the  Lyell  fork  of  the  Tuolumne  River,  in  the  High  Sier- 
ras of  California.  My  attention  was  attracted  to  what  I  supposed  was  a 
clear-winged  insect  that  had  landed  by  some  mistake  in  the-  river,  and 
was  dragging  its  abdomen  along  in  the  water,  while  the  fluttering  wings 
struck  the  surface  of  the  water  every  time  they  came  down,  and  seemed 
to  evince  the  greatest  eagerness  to  reach  the  bank  I  was  standing  on,  I 


120   ^  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

became  highly  interested  to  know  and  see  how  it  would  save  itself  from 
death  by  drowning,  when  suddenly  h  stopped,  and  to  my  great  surprise 
it  was  a  fawn-colored  spider  two-thirds  of  an  inch  long  from  the  fore  to 
the  hind  legs.  To  accomplish  this  description  the  abdomen  and  the  hind 
legs  remained  on  the  water,  while  the  anterior  legs  were  raised  up  and 
down  with  rapidity,  while  at  the  same  time  water  enough  adhered  to  them 
to  cause  that  clear-wing  appearance  that  insects  have  that  live  near  water, 
and  it  would  push  or  walk  along  on  the  water  with  its  hind  legs.  To  be 
sure  I  was  not  mistaken  I  looked  around  and  saw  several  of  them  going 
through  the  same  mimicry,  doubtless  to  attract  such  insects  as  it  preys  on. 
Being  without  tubes  or  alcohol  I  did  not  take  any  to  have  them  identified. 
—JOHN  B.  LEMBERT. 

HAVING  noted  the  various  articles  on  "  Ventursome  Insects,"  I  thought 
1  would  add  my  experience  in  that  line.  When  I  lived  and  collected  in 
the  neighborhood  of  Dayton,  O.,  I  used  to  catch  numbers  of  ApaJura 
celtis  every  season.  There  was  one  place  especially  that  I  used  to  g_o  to 
for  that  species.  It  was  along  an  old  rail  fence  on  the  bank  of  a  creek. 
The  corners  of  the  fence  were  filled  with  a  regular  hedge  of  Celtis  bushes 
-and  trees  for  a  good  many  hundred  yards.  I  found  the  insects  on  the  fence 
or  lower  leaves  of  the  Celtis,  or  on  the  tree  trunks.  They  were  darting 
about  from  point  to  point,  often  returning  to  the  same  point  to  rest  time 
and  again,  but  seldom  resting  for  more  than  a  few  moments  at  a  time.  I 
would  walk  along  slowly  the  length  of  the  hedge,  and  then  back  over  the 
same  ground;  each  time  taking  about  as  many  as  I  did  the  first  time.  I 
have  often  taken  from  twenty  to  fifty  in  two  or  three  hours.  I  have  had 
them  to  light  at  different  times  pretty  much  all  over  me,  and  have  caught 
them  in  my  cynicle  bottle  while  resting  on  me,  or  with  my  net.  Have  had 
the  same  insect  to  dart  away  and  return  several  times  and  light  on  un- 
person, while  I  was  making  efforts  to  catch  it.  Like  the  Hesperida?,  it 
takes  a  quick  eye  to  follow  them  as  they  dart  about,  and  unless  one 
knows  what  he  is  looking  for  and  is  used  to  them,  he  will  not  see  many. 
I  remember  once  taking  a  prominent  entomologist  of  Michigan  out  to 
hunt  for  them.  He  had  never  taken  celtis  'till  that  day.  We  went  in  a 
buggy.  I  let  him  out  at  one  end  of  the  fence  and  told  him  I  would  drive 
around  and  meet  him  at  the  other  end.  I  noticed  he  was  walking  along 
very  fast,  and  did  not  seem  to  be  taking  anything.  When  he  came  up  to 
me  I  noticed  he  had  a  very  disgusted  look  on  his  face.  I  had  told  him 
he  would  find  them  in  plenty,  and  he  had  not  seen  one.  I  went  back  with 
him  and  showed  him  where  to  look.  His  contenance  soon  changed,  and 
he  had  all  he  wanted  to  attend  to. 

Debis portlandia  was  very  rare  around  Dayton.     The  first  specimen  1 

•ever  saw  was  on  the  trunk  of  a  tree  in  a  thick  woods.     From  its  actions  1 

•  thought  it  was  an  A.  celtis,  until  after  1  had  raptured  it.      It  darted  about 

very  rapidly  and  lit  once  or  twice  on  me,  and  then  back  on  the  tree  trunk 

before  1  captured  it. — (',.  R.  PILATE,  Griffin,  ('.a. 

P.   S.  — Any    person    studying  the    typical    Cnt-u-alas    will    find    perfect 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  121 

examples  of  diilciola  Grote,  in   the   collection  of  Mr.   F.  A.   Fddy,   of 
Bungor,  Me.     He  purchased  my  entire  collection.     I  never  saw  any  vari- 
ation in  all  examples  taken,  and  they  could  not  be  placed  as  a  variety  <>f 
any  species  that  I  had  ever  seen. 


Identification  of  Insects  dmagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following:  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty  five  tor  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Kxotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 


AMERICAN  NATURALIST.  Philadelphia,  February,  1894.— The  classifi- 
cation of  the  Arthropoda,  J.  S.  Kingsley. 

COMPTE  RENDU.  SOCIETE  DE  BIOLOGIE.  Paris,  Jan.  27,  1894. — On  the 
role  of  certain  Coleoptera  in  the  dissemination  of  certain  cases  of  anthrax, 
F.  Heim. 

THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.  London,  Feb- 
ruary, 1894. — Descriptions  of  some  new  species  of  Heterocera  from  Cen- 
tral America,  H.  Druce. 

SCIENCE.  New  York,  Jan.  26,  1894.— Red  ants,  W.  A.  Stearns.  A 
rope  of  insects,  |.  B.  Smith.  Fungi  and  insects,  J.  F.  James.— February 
2d.  The  enemies  ( >f  Lepidopterous  pupa?  enclosed  in  bark-formed  cocoon--, 
1..  1!.  Poulton.  An  explanation  of  the  rope  of  maggots,  S.  \Y.  \Villiston. 

KNOWLEDGE.  London,  Feb.  i,  1894. — Stinging  insects,  E.  A.  Butler, 
figs. 

F.NTOMOLOGISKE  M Em jELELSER,  iv,  4.  Copenhagen,  1893. — Larva,- 
Coleopterorum  Mussel  Hauniensis,  F.  Meinert.  Organs  and  characters 
in  different  orders  of  Arachnids,  H.  J.  Hanson,  2  pis. 

ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEiGER.  Leipsic,  Feb.  5,  1894. — Contributions  to 
the  knowledge  of  the  antennal  sense-organs  of  insects,  C.  M.  Child. 

IL  NATURALISTA  SKMLIANO.  Palermo,  December,  1893.— Catalogue 
of  the  Coleoptera  of  Sicily  Icont.),  K.  Kagusa. 


122  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [ApriL 


E  SOCIETATIS  ExTOMOLOGic/E  ROSSIC/E,  xxvii.  St.  Petersburg, 
the  anatomy  and  histology  of  Phylloxera  z'asfafri.v,  I.  Kras- 
silstschik,  2  pis.  The  Transcaspian  hymenopterous  fauna,  Gen.  O.  Ra- 
doszkowski  (concl.).  On  Russian  Galeodidae,  A.  Birula,  i  pi.  A  sepa- 
rating character  between  the  Cerambycidas  and  the  Chrysomelidce,  G. 
Jacobsohn,  i  pi.  On  the  biology  of  Russian  Lepicloptera:  iv.  Coloration 
and  ocellate  spots,  their  development  (cont.)  (in  Russian),  J.  Portschinky, 
2  col.  pis.  Synoptical  revision  of  the  Tenebrionid  genus  Leptodcs  Sol., 
A.  Semenovv.  Revision  of  the  species  belonging  to  the  Silphid  genera 
Pteroloina  Gyllh.  and  Lyrosoma  Mannh..  id. 

BULLETIN  DE  LA  SOCIETE  I.MPERIAI.E  DES  NATURALISTES  DE  Moscor, 
1893,  2  and  3.  —  Review  of  the  copulatory  armature  of  the  males  of  the 
genera  Crocisa  Jur.,  Melecta  Latr.,  Psendomelecta  Rad.,  Chrysanthcda 
Pert.,  Mesocheira  Lep.,  Aglcc  Lep.,  Melissa  Smit.,  Euglosw  Latr.,  Eu- 
Icma  Lep.,  Acauthopns  Klug.,  Gen.  O.  Radoszkowsky. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.  London,  Feb.  15,  1894.  —  The  evolu- 
tion of  the  Lepidopterous  pupa,  a  sketch,  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.I).  Con- 
tinental Lepidoptera  sold  as  British,  J.  \\  '  .  Tutt.  On  the  larva  of  Arctia 
caja  etc.  (cont.),  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.,  i  pi. 

LE  NATURALISTS  CANADIEN,  xxi,  i.  Chicoutimi,  Province  of  Quebec, 
January,  1894.  —  Medical  entomology,  Ed.  This  journal,  founded  by 
L'Abbe  Provancher,  has  been  revived,  after  an  interval  of  three  years, 
under  the  editorship  and  proprietorship  of  L'Abbe  Huard. 

ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx.  2.  Berlin,  January,  1894.  —  Re- 
marks on  Yerhoeff's  "  Primare  und  secundare  Sexualcharaktere"  of  in- 
sects, Dr.  K.  Escherich. 

BULLETIN  DE  LA  SOCIETE  LINNEKNNE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE,  xi, 
258.  Amiens,  December,  1893.  —  Myrmecophilous  insects,  L.  Carpentier. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATURAL  SCIENCE  ASSOCIATION  OF  STATKN 
ISLAND,  iv,  4.  New  Brighton,  S.  I.,  Feb.  10,  1894.—  The  seventeen-yr.tr 
locust  on  Staten  Island,  W.  T.  Davis. 

BULLETINO  DELLA  SOCIETA    ENTOMOLOGICA    ITALIANA,   XXV,   3.        Flor- 

ence, Dec.  31,  1893.  —  Contributions  to  the  study  of  the  Ilrrnthkke,  note 
xxii,  A.  Senna,  3  pis.  —  4,  Jan.  15,  1894.  Exotic  scorpions  in  the  Royal 
Museum  of  Natural  History  of  Florence,  T.  Thorell. 

SITZUNGS-BERICHT  DER  GESELLSCHAFT  NATURFORSCHENDKK  FRKIN- 
DE  zu  BERLIN.  1893,  No.  10.  —  The  origin  of  the  reproductive  cells  .mion- 
insects,  R.  Heymons,  figs. 

MEMOIRES  DE  L'ACADEMIE  IMPERIALS:  DKS  SCIENCES  DK  ST.  PFTFRS- 
imrRG,  VII  serie,  xxxviii,  12,  1892.  —  A  contribution  to  the  knowledge  ot 
the  excretory  organs  of  the  Pantopoda,  A  Kowak-vsky,  i  pi. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NF.WS.  123 

COMPTES  RENDU  DE  L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.  Paris,  Feb.  12,  1894. 
—Researches  on  the  anatomy  and  development  of  the  female  genital 
armor  of  lepidopterous  insects,  A.  Peytoureau.  Observations  on  the 
hypermetamorphosis  or  hypnody  of  the  Cantharkke:  the  phase  called 
pseudo-chrysalid  considered  as  a  phenomenon  of  encystment,  J.  K.  d' 
Herculais.  Salivary  glands  of  the  Hymenopterous  family  Crabronida?, 
M.  Bordas.  On  some  parasites  of  the  Lepidodendrons,  P>.  Renault. 

INSECT  LIFE,  vi,  3.  Washington,  February,  1894. — The  inserts  oc- 
curring in  the  foreign  exhibits  of  the  World's  Columbian  exposition,  C. 
Y.  Riley.  The  Hymenopterous  parasites  of  the  California  Red  Scale, 
L.  O.  Howard,  figs.  The  insect  collections  of  the  Columbian  exposition, 
F.  H.  Chittencien.  The  Apiarian  exhibit  at  the  Columbian  exposition, 
F.  Benton.  The  San  Jose  scale  at  Charlottesville,  Va.,  E.  A.  Schwar/. 
The  San  Jose  scale  in  Virginia,  D.  W.  Coquillett.  Pyralidina  of  the  Death 
Valley  expedition,  Eds.  Descriptions  of  Pyralidre  from  the  Death  Valley, 
C.  H.  Fernald.  Entomological  memoranda  for  1893,  M.  E.  Murtfeldt. 
A  new  spider  parasite,  W.  H.  Ashmead.  Notes  on  ScolytuUe  and  their 
food-plants,  W.  F.  H.  Blandford.  Notes,  etc. 

BULLETIN  OF  THE  OHIO  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION  (2),  vi, 
4.  Whole  No.  51,  December,  1893. — Miscellaneous  entomological  papers, 
Insect  immigrants  in  Ohio,  Insect  foes  of  American  cereals,  all  by  V.  M. 
Webster,  figs. 

YERHANDLUNGEN  DER  K.  K.  ZOOL.-HOT.  GESELLSCHAFT  IN  WIKX,  xliii, 
3,  September,  1893. — On  the  anatomy  of  Bdclla  arenaria  Kramer,  Dr.  L. 
Karpelles,  2  pis. — 4,  December,  1893. — On  the  knowledge  of  the  anatomy 
and  histology  of  Scittigcra  coleoptrata.  Dr.  T.  Adensamer,  i  pi.  Pre- 
liminary monograph  of  the  Muscaria  schizometopa  (excl.  Anthomyid;i-  >. 
Dr.  F.  Brauer  and  J.  E.  v.  Bergenstamm.  Remarks  and  additions  to 
Prof.  G.  Strobl's  'Die  Anthomyinen  Steiermarks,'  E.  Pokorny. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  U.  S.  NATIONAL  MUSEUM,  xvi,  No.  968.  Wash- 
ington, 1893. — Notes  on  Myriapoda  from  Loanda,  Africa,  collected  by 
Mr.  Heli  Chatelaine,  including  a  description  of  a  new  genus  and  species, 
O.  F.  Cook. 

EIGHTH  REPORT  on  the  Injurious  and  other  Insects  of  the  State  of 
New  York  for  the  year  1891.  By  J.  A.  I.intner,  Ph.D.,  State  entomolo- 
gist. Albany.  1893  (from  the  Forty-tilth  Report  on  the  New  York  State 
Museum,  pp.  105-321),  53  tigs,  and  2  pis. 

DEUTSCHE  ENTOMOI.OGISCHE  ZEITSCHRIFT.  1894,  heft  i.  Berlin,  Jan- 
uary, 1894. — Remarks  on  HerrC.  Yerhofffs  researches  on  the  abdominal 
segments  and  the  copulatory  organs  of  male  Colcopu-ra,  O.  Schwar/,  J. 
Weise. 


124  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

MllTHEILUNGEN  DER  SCHVVEIZERISCHEN  ENTOMOLOGISCHEN  GESELL- 

SCHAFT,  ix,  2.     Schaffhausen,  January,  1894. — Coleoptera  helvetica,  Dr. 
G.  Stierhn,  pp.  353-384- 

THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.  London,  March,  1894. — The  New  Entomology, 
\V.  E.  Sharp.  How  moth  grease  spreads,  H.  G.  Knaggs,  M.D.  Remarks 
on  certain  genera  of  Coccidce,  W.  M.  Maskell.  The  genus  Fhilometra 
Grote,  A.  G.  Butler,  I'h.D. 

THE  ENTOMOLOGISTS'  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.  London,  March,  1894. 
-Thermobia  furnorum  Rovelli,  a  heat-loving  Thysanuran,  in  London 
bakehouses,  R.  McLachlan.  Wing  expansion  in  a  butterfly  delayed  by 
low  temperature,  T.  A.  Chapman,  M.D.  Musca(Calliphora)  vomitoria 
in  New  Zealand,  W.  W.  Smith.  What  are  the  specific  limits  of  Aspidiotns 
destructor  Sign.,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.  Grease  :  do  male  moths  require 
more  energy  than  females?,  H.  G.  Knaggs,  M.  D.  Supplement  to  anno- 
tated list  of  British  Tachinidce,  R.  H.  Meade. 


NEW  SPECIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  INSECTS  DESCRIBED 
IN  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


COLEOPTERA. 
Cicindt'la  bates!  \V.  Horn,  Deut.  Ent,  Zeit.  1894,  p.  in,  Mex. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Chalcididae:  Aspidiotiphagus  Howard,  Ins.  Life,  vi,  p.  230,  for  Cocco- 
phagus  citrinns  Craw.,  fig.  Five  n.  spp.  different  genera,  1.  c.  pp.  231- 
236,  figs.  Signophorinae,  n.  subfam.  p.  234. 

Zaglyptns  kiucaidii  Ashmead,  Ins.  Life,  vi,  p.  260,  Wash. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Sphingidae,  Lithosiicke,  Saturniicke,  Lasiocampidae :  n.  spp.  Mex.,  Cent.- 
Am.,  Druce,  Ann.  Mag.  N.  H.  (6),  xiii,  pp.  168-182. 

Pyralidas:  n.  spp.  Calif.,  Fernald,  Ins.  Life,  vi,  pp.  255-257. 

SCORPIONES. 

Oncoccntrns  Tliorell,  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  xxv,  p.  374,  n.  gen.  for  Cen- 
trums phaiodactylus  \Vood. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  125 

Tne  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted   by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 

DESCRIPTION  OF  A  NEW  CHRYSIS. 

By  T.   D.   A.   COCKKRELL. 

Chrysis  mesillae  n.  sp.— Face  green,  with  more  or  less  cupreous  reflec- 
tions, occipital  region  purple-blue.  Prothorax  bright  green;  mesothorax 
coppery,  with  blue  sutures,  postscutellum  purple,  leglike  greenish-blue, 
with  violet  reflections.  Abdomen  emerald-green,  with  a  strong  coppery 
lustre,  lower  margins  of  segments  violet.  Basal  joint  of  antenna;  shining 
green.  Femora  blue-green,  with  ochreous  tips,  tibia?  similarly  colored 
with  ochreous  t;ps  and  bases,  tarsi  ochreous,  the  terminal  joints  fuscous. 
\Yings  hyaline,  with  distinct,  dark  brown  nervures.  Face  more  or  less 
covered  with  short  white  hairs;  head  and  thorax  strongly  and  regularly 
punctate;  prothorax  with  a  median  blue  line,  but  no  distinct  grooves. 
Punctures  on  abdomen  somewhat  closer  together,  and  hardly  as  large,  as 
those  on  thorax,  those  on  the  dorsum  of  the  third  segment  being  especially 
hue  and  close,  in  contrast  with  the  thoracic  punctures.  Pits  distinct,  about 
twelve  in  number,  bordered  above  by  purple;  end  of  abdomen  strongly 
bidentale.  No  median  keel  on  any  of  the  abdominal  segments.  Length 
about  6  mm.  Type  in  Coll.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc. 

Hab.  —  Las  Cruces,  New  Mex. ,  July  12,  1893.  Two  specimens. 
Apparently  closely  allied  to,  but  distinct  from,  C.  aurichalcca 
Provancher.  The  name  mcsillcr  is  derived  from  the  Mesilla  Valley, 
in  which  Las  Cruces  is  situated. 


-o- 


TWO  INTERESTING  NEW  DIPTERA  FROM  WASHINGTON. 

By  D.   W.   COQUILLETT,   Washington,  D.  C. 

Criorhina  i  Cyiiorhina  i  johnsoni  n.  sp.  9- — Head  opaque  black,  lower 
third  of  front  and  the  entire  face  yellow,  cheeks  narrowly  yellow  next-the 
eyes;  proboscis  not  longer  than  height  of  head;  antennae  yellow,  the  third 
joint  and  arista  brownish.  Thorax  shining  metallic  bron/e,  its  pile  short, 
abundant,  yellow;  humeri  yellow,  pleura  black,  its  pile  yellow.  Scutellum 
translucent  pale  yellow,  its  pile  long,  abundant  yellow.  Abdomen  sliming 
metallic  pale  bluish,  its  pile  short,  sparse,  depressed,  yellow,  that  on  hind 
end  of  the  second  segment  broadly  extending  forward  in  middle  of  dor- 


126  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April, 

sum,  and  a  cross-band  on  the  third  segment  behind  its  middle,  black.  Legs 
yellow,  apices  of  femora  brown.     Wings  yellowish  hyaline.  Length  12  mm. 

Washington.  Received  from  Prof.  O.  B.  Johnson,  after  whom 
the  species  is  named.  Differs  from  all  the  previously  described 
species  by  its  translucent,  yellow  scutellum.  The  head  resembles 
Figure  7,  Plate  IX,  of  Williston's  "Synopsis  of  the  North 
American  Syrphidae,"  but  the  facial  tubercle  is  larger,  and  the 
underside  of  the  head  is  more  nearly  horizontal;  the  venation  is 
similar  to  figure  3  of  the  same  plate,  except  that  the  third  vein 
is  straighter  and  its  last  section  longer.  The  thorax  and  scutellum 
are  destitute  of  long,  stout  bristles. 

Ceroplatus  fasciola  n.  sp.  ?.— Head,  including  the  greatly  flattened 
.antenna;  and  large  palpi,  dark  brown,  the  retracted  proboscis,  base  of 
third  antennal  joint,  and  a  small  spot  beneath  each  antenna,  yellow. 
Thorax  shining  brown,  a  medio-dorsal  vitta  on  the  posterior  half,  and  the 
lateral  margins,  yellow;  pleura  yellow,  a  large  spot  above  the  middle 
coxae  and  small  one  above  the  hind  coxa?,  dark  brown.  Scutellum  yellow, 
its  base  brown;  center  of  metanotum  dark  brown.  Abdomen  shining 
blackish  brown,  base  of  each  segment,  except  the  first,  yellow;  on  the 
second,  third  and  fourth  segments  prolonged  posteriorly  as  an  indistinct 
dorsal  vitta;  coxa;  and  femora  yellow,  bases  of  middle  and  hind  femora 
and  of  hind  coxa?,  blackish  brown,  tibia?  and  tarsi  brownish-yellow. 
Wings  pale  yellowish,  the  apex  between  tip  of  first  vein  and  of  anterior 
branch  of  the  fifth  blackish,  apex  of  anterior  branch  of  fifth  vein  bordered 
with  blackish,  this  color  projecting  into  the  fourth  posterior  cell  near  its 
middle;  apex  of  auxiliary  vein  far  beyond  the  origin  of  the  third,  being- 
opposite  the  origin  of  the  fourth;  subcostal  cross-vein  before  the  middle 
of  the  distance  between  humeral  cross-vein  and  tip  of  this  auxiliary  vein; 
anterior  branch  of  third  vein  very  oblique,  ending  in  costa  beyond  apex 
of  first  vein.  Knob  of  halteres  black.  Length  10  mm. 

Washington.  Received  from. Prof.  O.  B.  Johnson.  The  only 
other  described  North  American  species  ( carbonarius  )  has  a 
wholly  black  thorax,  and  a  black  abdomen  margined  with  white. 

o : — 

STUDIES  AMONG  THE  FOSSORIAL  HYMENOPTERA.— II. 

Synopsis  of  the  N.  Am.  species  of  the  genus  Didineis  Wesmael. 
By  WILLIAM  J.   Fox. 

DIDINEIS  Wesm. 

JJidiiifis  Wesm.,  Revue  Critique,  p.  96,  1851. 
.Alyson  Cresson,  Synopsis,  p.  117,  1887. 

This  genus  resembles  Alyson  in  many  respects,  but  can  be  at 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  1 27 

once  distinguished  by  the  submedian  cell  receiving  the  basal  vein 
much  before  its  apex,  while  in  Alyson  this  vein  is  interstitial. 


FIG.  I. — Fore  wing  of  Didineis  \Vesni. 

FEMALES. 
Head  and  thorax  black;  abdomen  red;  spot  on  clypeus  and  scape  beneath 

yellow     .    .  texana. 

Head,  thorax  and  abdomen  reddish  brown  ;   clypeus  and  scape  of  the 

same  color peculiaris. 

MALES. 

Antenna;  long  and  slender,  the  joints  not  at  all  nodose  beneath,     texaiia. 
AnteiiiKe  stout,  the  joints  of  flagellum  more  or  less  nodose. 

Black,  first  two  segments  of  abdomen  red nodosa. 

Hntirely  reddish  brown,  the  apical  segments  of  abdomen  fuscous. 

peculiaris. 
T.  Didineis  texana  Cress. 

.  Hyson  tc.rantis  Cr. ,  Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  iv,  p.  226,  $,  1873. 
Didineis   texana    Handl.,    Sitzb.    Akad.    \Vissensch.    Wien,    Math- 
naturw.  Classe,  xcvi,  p.  267,  9c?- 

^        Virginia,  District  of  Columbia,   Texas.      Mr. 

~~\^—^  J    Guignard  has  sent  me  an  unusually  large  speci- 

-*          V    men,  taken  at  Ottawa,   Canada,  by  Mr.  W.  H. 

KII;.  2.— Last  2 joints   Harrington. 

of  male  antenna. 

2.  Didineis  nodosa  n.  sp. 

.  —Anterior  margin  of  clypeus  subtruncate;  front  and  vertex  with  very 
fine  and  close  punctures;  antenna;  stout,  the  first  joint  of  the  flagellum 
longer  than  the  second  and  much  thickened  beneath  at  the  apex,  joints 
2-5  also  thickened  in  this  manner,  the  tenth  joint  produced  into  an  acute 
spine  beneath  at  apex,  the  last  joint  very  large  and  curved;  metathorax 
with  coarse  striations,  those  within  the  elongate,  semi-elliptic  enclosure 
placed  obliquely  on  each  side  of  a  longitudinal,  central,  raised  line;  fore 
legs  much  flattened  and  dilated,  the  lower  margin  of  fore  femora  suban- 
gular  medially;  abdomen  finely  and  closely  punctured.  First  two  seg- 
ments of  abdomen  red;  tibia;  and  tarsi  yellow-testaceous;  scape  beneath, 
clypeus,  except  in  middle,  inner  orbits  to  about  the  middle  of  front  yellow; 
last  joint  of  flagellum  reddish  testaceous;  wings  subhyaline,  iridescent, 
without  tuscous  markings.  Length  6  mm. 
State  of  Washington. 


128  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [April. 

4 

3.  Didineis  peculiaris  n.  sp. 

9 . — Head  rather  well  developed  behind  the  eyes;  front  and  vertex  very 
finely  and  closely  punctured;  clypeus  tridentate;  first  joint  of  the  flagel- 
lum  somewhat  shorter  than  the  following  two  joints  united;  dorsulum 
finely  and  closely  punctured;  metathorax  rather  finely  rugose;  abdomen 
finely  and  closely  punctured;  entirely  reddish  brown,  the  thorax  beneath 
and  apical  joints  of  antennae  blackish;  clypeus  and  abdomen  apically, 
sparsely  clothed  with  white  pubescence;  wings  subhyaline,  in  the  region 
of  the  marginal,  second  submarginal  and  third  discoidal  cells  there  is  a 
fuscous  cloud.  Length  8  mm. 

\ — Antennae  stout,  joints  1-5  of  flagelltim  thickened  or  nodose  at  apex 

beneath,  but  not   so  strongly  so  as  in  nodosa, 
the  last  joint  very  large,  curved  and  subtruncate 
at  apex,  the  preceding  joint   spinose   at   apex 
beneath;  anterior  femora  with  the  lower  margin 
FIG.  3.— Last  two  joints  of      rounded  beneath  ;   colored  like  the   9  .  except 
maie  antenna.  that  the  apical  segments  of  the  abdomen  are 

blackish,  and  the  inner  orbits,  scape  beneath  and  anterior  margin  of  cly- 
peus, yellow;  wings  with  a  fuscous  cloud.     Length  6-7  mm. 

Montana.  The  coloration  will  at  once  distinguish  it  from  the 
other  species. 


OBITUARY. 

HERMAN  GLEISSNER,  Rector  of  the  63  Parish  School,  Berlin. 
FRANZ  VON  MICKLITZ,  K.  K.  FORSTMEISTER  in  Vienna. 

FRANCIS  POLKINGHORNE  PASCOE  on  the  2oth  of  June  at  Brighton, 
England.  He  was  born  in  Penzance,  Sept.  i,  1813,  was  known  through 
his  interest  in  Coleoptera. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  March  was  mailed  Feb.  28,  189.4. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OE  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.  v.  MAY,   1894.  No.  5. 

CONTENTS: 


Fernald — North  Greenland  Microlepid- 

optera 129 

Wadsworth — Third  addition  to  the  list 


Economic  Entomology 143 

Notes  and  News 146 

Entomological  Literature 148 


of  Dragonflies  (Odonata) 132  ',  Entomological  Section 154 

Snyder— Collecting  in  Utah 133  Van    Duzee — Synonymical     notes     on 

Williston — On  the  genus  Erax 136  ;  some  N.  American  Tettigonidse 156' 

Fernald— Elementary  Entomology 138  ;  Cockerell — A  new  wax-scale  found   in 

Webster — Species  of  reared  Coleoptera  140  I          Jamaica 157 

Editorial 142  '  Brendel — On  some  Pselaphidse 158 

NORTH  GREENLAND  MICROLEPIDOPTERA. 

By  Prof.  C.  H.  FERNALD,  Amherst,  Mass. 

The  insects  described  in  this  paper  were  captured  at  McCor- 
mick  Bay,  North  Greenland,  in  lat.  77°  42'  North,  between  July 
25  and  Aug.  i,  1891,  by  Mr.  Levi  W.  Mengel,  entomologist,  and 
Dr.  W.  E.  Hughes,  ornithologist  of  the  West  Greenland  expe- 
dition. This  party  was  sent  out  by  the  Philadelphia  Academy 
of  Sciences  to  escort  Lieut.  R.  E.  Peary  to  his  Winter  quarters 
at  McCormick  Bay. 

Mr.  Mengel  wrote  me  as  follows:  "The  microlepidoptera 
were  caught  at  the  following  places:  Godhavn,  on  Disco  Island, 
two  species  at  Upernavik,  three  specimens  at  Cape  York,  and 
the  remainder  were  taken  at  McCormick  Bay.  I  can  safely  say 
that  75  per  cent,  of  all  the  insects  were  taken  at  this  locality, 
though  we  had  but  two  good  collecting  days  while  there,  all  the 
others  being  foggy,  cold  and  damp.  The  insects,  especially  the 
micros,  did  not  fly  unless  the  sun  was  shining. 

"  The  shores  at  McCormick  Bay,  and  in  fact  all  the  coast  visited, 
sloped  gently  inward  for  distances  ranging  from  500  to  1000 
yards,  rarely  further,  unless  glaciers  or  glacial  streams  were  de- 
scending from  the  ice  cap.  The  side  of  the  mountain  then  arose 


130  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [May, 

precipitously  to  the  height  of  2000  feet  or  more.  It  was  along 
this  narrow  strip  or  belt  of  land  bordering  the  sea  that  nearly  all 
animal  life  was  found.  The  soil  was  fairly  fertile,  though  frozen 
below  the  depth  of  a  few  inches.  Along  this  strip  many  flower- 
ing plants  were  growing.  Here  we  caught  many  of  our  larger 
insects,  but  where  the  vegetation  became  scarce  along  the  base 
of  the  mountain  where  the  great  mass  of  boulders  lay  which  had 
become  detached  from  the  mountain  side,  the  micros  were  most 
abundant.  They  were  extremely  hard  to  catch,  and  being  nearly 
of  the  same  color  as  the  lichen-covered  rocks,  were  more  easily 
overlooked.  When  detected  they  would  run  rapidly  and  hide 
under  some  projecting  leaf  or  rock.  They  flew  with  a  quick 
jerky  flight  for  a  short  distance  and  generally  alighted  on  the 
rocks  or  on  the  lich'ens  with  which  they  were  covered,  and  seldom 
alighted  on  the  herbage. 

' '  Diligent  search  failed  to  discover  any  cocoons.  Several  minute 
larvae  about  one-fourth  in.  long,  of  a  pea-green  color  were  found 
crawling  along  the  side  of  the  boulder.  I  was  unable  to  mid 
the  food-plant,  but  attempted  to  raise  them  offering  them  both 
moss  and  lichen,  but  they  refused  to  eat  and  died.  Another  larva 
was  found  on  the  stem  of  some  species  of  Campanula.  It  was 
green  inclining  to  olive  in  color  on  the  forward  part,  and  was 
about  three-eights  of  an  inch  long.  I  attempted  to  raise  this 
larva  also,  but  it  refused  to  eat,  and  therefore  died.  I  believe, 
however,  that  it  may  have  been  the  larva  of  one  of  the  micros, 
though  of  course  I  do  not  know. 

"  Willow  and  birch  are  the  only  trees  found  in  Greenland,  and 
in  the  northern  part,  at  least,  they  never  exceed  four  or  live  in- 
ches in  height.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  these  little  trees  are 
the  food-plants  of  a  number  of  species,  notwithstanding  the  fact 
I  was  unsuccessful  in  locating  the  larvae." 

The  information  given  by  Mr.  Mengel  in  his  letter  to  me,  ex- 
tracts of  which  are  given  above,  is  of  great  interest,  and  gives  us 
a  better  idea  of  the  conditions  under  which  these  insects  lived 
than  we  might  otherwise  obtain. 

rnfortunately,  all  the  specimens  sent  to  me  are  marked  ' '  Green- 
land," but  Prof.  Skinner,  who  sent  them,  stated  that  they  were 
taken  at  McCprmick  Bay. 

One  of  the  species  sent  is  a  small  pale  green  Geometer  in  very 
.;-  condition,  but  strongly  resembles  Ncmoria.  There  were 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  13! 

also  four  examples  of  Laodama  fusca  Haw.,  one  male  and  three 
females.  This  species  has  a  wide  distribution  occurring  over 
northern  and  central  Europe,  Japan,  North  America,  Iceland  and 
Greenland. 

The  larva  is  supposed  to  feed  on  Bctiila  and  Calluna,  and  has 
been  bred  from  the  egg  on  Vaccinium  myriillus,  and  also  on 
Salix  caprea.  It  is  therefore  very  probable  that  the  larvae  of 
this  species  fed  on  the  dwarf  birch  or  willow  as  Mr.  Mengel  con- 
jectured. 

It  is  not  probable  that  the  larvae  found  by  Mr.  Mengel  belonged 
to  this  species  since  the  images  were  on  the  wing  during  the 
seven  clays  he  was  at  McCormick  Bay,  and  at  this  time  they  laid 
their  eggs,  which  are  known  to  hatch  in  about  ten  days,  and  they 
are  supposed  to  hibernate  during  the  Winter  as  half-grown 
caterpillars. 

There  were  in  the  collection  thirty-two  examples  of  Pyrausla 
torvalis  Moesch.  This  species  was  first  described  by  Moeschler 
in  the  Wiener  Entom.  Monatsch.,  Bandvii,  p.  198,  pi.  v,  fig.  16 
(1864),  from  Labrador,  and  Staudinger  also  gives  the  Pyranees 
as  its  habitat.  The  early  stages  and  food-plant  are  unknown. 

The  collection  also  contained  ten  examples  of  a  new  species 
which  I  have  named  for  Mr.  Mengel,  the  entomologist  of  the 
expedition, — 

Sericoris  mengelaua  n.  sp. — Expanse  of  wings  20  mm.  Head  and  an- 
teniue  black;  palpi  black,  whitish  at  the  base,  and  with  a  whitish  spot  on 
the  outside  of  the  second  joint.  Thorax  black,  with  a  fe\v  scattered  white 
scales  almost  forming  a  band  across  the  thorax  just  in  front  of  the  small 
tuft.  Fore  wings  black,  with  a  white  spot  on  the  basal  third  of  the  costa 
extending  down  to  the  median  vein,  and  on  the  costa  in  the  middle  of 
tliis  spi  it  there  is  a  small  black  spot  with  another  below  it.  On  either  side 
is  an  oblique  black  hairline  through  the  white-  spot,  below  which  are  ;i 
few  scattered  \vhit<-  scale,.  1  Yon;  tin-  outer  fourth  of  the  costa  a  white 
band  extends  t->  the  anal  angle.  This  band  sends  out  a  prolongation  on 
the  costa  and  one  into  the  cell,  and  it  also  has  two  black  spots  on  the 
costa,  the  outer  one  of  which  is  elongated.  Two  minute  White  spots  rest 
on  the  deep  black  ground  of  the  middle  of  the  costa,  and  the  basal  part 
of  the  costa  has  a  few  sprinkles  of  white.  The  fringe  is  black  at  the  a] 
but  black  and  white  mixed  elsewhere.  Hind  wings  and  abdomen  above 
dark  ashy  gray.  Underside  of  the  abdomen  and  wings  ashy  gray,  with 
the  markings  of  the  upperside  of  the  wings  indicated.  Legs  dark  brown, 
annulate  with  whitish. 

Described  from  ten  examples  in  poor  condition. 


132  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [Mayr 

One  of  the  most  interesting  features  of  this  small  collection  is 
the  very  dark  color  of  the  insects.  The  specimens  of  the  Lao- 
dama  fusca,  and  also  of  Pyrausta  torva/is,  are  much  darker  than 
any  I  have  ever  seen  before,  either  of  those  taken  in  New  Eng- 
land or  in  Labrador,  but  when  we  recall  that  Mr.  Mengel  states 
that  they  rest  on  the  lichen-colored  rocks  we  have  not  far  to  seek 
for  the  cause  of  this  dark  color.  The  lichens,  which  almost  en- 
tirely cover  the  rocks  in  northern  regions,  are  very  dark  brown 
or  black,  and  when  insects  habitually  rest  on  such  places  the 
lighter  colored  varieties  are  more  easily  seen  and  destroyed  by 
their  enemies  and  the  dark  forms  are  left  to  propagate  the  species, 
and,  as  a  result,  a  dark  race  is  formed  in  time. 


Third  Addition  to  the  list  of  Dragonflies   Odonata   of 
Manchester,  Kennebec  County,  Maine. 

By  Miss  MATTIE  WADSWORTH 

(See  ENT.  NEWS,  vol.  i,  pp.  36,  55  ;  vol.  ii,  p.  n  ;  vol.  iii,  p.  8. 

lOfl.  Lestes  ung-uiculata  Hag. 

1890,  July  15,  one  £   over  Snake  Pond  ;  recently  determined, 

6/.  Enallagrna  pollutum  ?  Hag. 

1893,  June  29,  two  teneral  $  S  near  Lake  Cobbosseecontee. 

43ffl.  Celithemis  elisa  Hag. 

1893,  June  22,  one  9   in  pasture  near  woods. 

39.  L-eucorhinia  proxima  Calvert. 

The  9  of  this  species  has  not  been  recorded  from  this  locality. 

1892,  June  15,  one  $   near  brook. 

1893,  June  18,  20,  July  n,  one  9  each  day,  all  near  brook. 
These  have  been  identified,  as  all  others  have  been,  by  Mr.  P. 

P.  Calvert,  of  Philadelphia. 

Fifty-seven  species  of  dragonflies  have  now  been  found  in  this 
place,  and  forty-five  of  these  were  seen  or  taken,  during  1893. 
Of  the  rarer  species  but  few  were  noted:  one  Cordulia  (Somato- 
chlord)  lepida  Selys,  one  Gomphus  parvulus  Selys,  and  a  G. 
spinosus  Selys,  were  taken.  The  only  Epitheca  (Somatochlord) 
forcipata  Scud,  seen,  was  sufficiently  accommodating  to  alight 
on  the  house  and  be  taken  by  the  hand.  One  Fonscolombia 
vinosa  Say  was  found  on  the  window,  in  the  horse's  stall. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  133 

COLLECTING  IN  UTAH.-Part  I. 

By  ARTHUR  J.  SNYDER. 

From  Tuesday  night,  when  I  entered  a  darkened  car  in  the 
yard  of  the  Northwestern  Depot  at  Chicago,  until  Friday  about 
i  P.M.  seems  a  long  time  to  continue  traveling  westward  at  the 
speed  trains  now  attain  "just  to  catch  butterflies!"  as  "Billy," 
the  waiter  in  our  restaurant  said.  To  any  except  interested  natu- 
ralists such  a  trip  may  even  seem  ridiculous. 

Though  my  net  and  killing  bottle  were  constantly  at  hand  they 
proved  of  but  little  use  until  near  the  end  of  my  journey.  Once 
we  were  delayed  in  the  midst  of  a  seemingly  boundless  sage 
thicket  by  the  breaking  of  our  engine.  I  fully  employed  the 
time  by  making  a  thorough  search  for  insects.  My  entire  catch 
was  two  small  Geometers  which  were  whipped  from  the  sage. 
•One  other  moth  was  started  which  resembled  a  Syneda,  but  it 
escaped. 

At  Croyden,  Utah,  while  the  train  stopped  for  a  few  moments 
I  found  butterflies  abundant,  especially  on  the  flowei-s  of  a  spe- 
cies of  Echinosternum.  Several  Lyccena,  a  Melitcea,  and  Pyrgus 
ccespitalis  were  taken  here. 

About  noon  on  Friday  our  train  reached  the  beautiful  city  01 
Ogden.  Here  I  parted  company  with  Mr.  Vernon  Bailey,  col- 
lector of  birds  and  mammals  for  the  Smithsonian  Institute,  and 
who  had  introduced  himself  at  once  on  noting  my  collecting  outfit. 
Although  our  acquaintance  was  of  but  a  few  hours,  it  was  pleasant 
to  meet  some  one  interested  in  the  same  line  of  work  who  had 
been  over  the  ground  and  could,  in  that  brief  time,  give  me  valu- 
able information  concerning  the  territory  in  which  I  was  to  collect. 

From  Ogden  to  Salt  Lake  City  was  but  a  short  trip  through 
fields  of  Alfalfa  then  in  bloom,  and  especially  beautiful  after 
having  passed  through  hundreds  of  miles  of  sage  brush. 

It  is  not  my  purpose  to  fully  describe  the  delightful  scenery 
nor  to  enter  into  an  extended  description  of  the  beautiful  city  ol 
Salt  Lake.     Cool  mountain  streams  are  always  refreshing,  but  to 
see  them  flowing  where  we  usually  see  filthy  gutters  was  indeed 
a  restful  and  interesting  sight. 

After  wandering  for  a  short  time  through  the  beautiful  wide 
streets  of  the  city  and  securing  a  room,  I  at  once  began  the  chase. 
The  first  specimen  seen  was  P.  nttnlns.  In  the  streets  of  the 


134  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [May, 

city,  and  away  from  the  busy  parts,  I  soon  found  Chrysophanus 
helloides  in  abundance.  One  of  my  first  captures  was  a  perfect 
Epicallia  virginalis,  which  had  just  emerged  from  the  chrysalis, 
crawled  onto  a  weed  and  had  not  yet  tried  its  wings.  This  spe- 
cies I  found  only  in  the  vicinity  of  Salt  Lake,  and  though  quite 
a  number  were  seen  flying  about  only  four  were  taken  in  all. 

On  this  first  afternoon  P.  camillus,  P.  pratensis,  Leucarctia 
acrea,  Coenonympha  ochracea,  Lyccena  acmon,  a  Pamphila  and 
Plusia  californica  were  taken  besides  those  I  have  mentioned. 
The  Phyciodes  and  Coenonympha  were  quite  common  on  blossoms 
of  Alfalfa. 

On  the  following  morning  not  knowing  where  to  go  I  started 
out  to  find  the  best  resorts  and  took  the  north  side  of  the  city. 
Trains  run  from  Salt  Lake  City  to  the  Salt  Springs  and  Bountiful. 
From  the  terminus  of  the  car  line  I  started  for  the  mountains 
modestly,  as  I  thought,  determined  to  go  to  one  of  the  nearest 
banks  of  snow  and  be  content  for  the  first  day.  About  noon  the 
snow  seemed  as  far  away  as  ever  so  I  gave  it  up  and  started  oil 
my  return.  During  this  forenoon  I  saw  for  the  first  time  the 
beautiful  CaUochortus  nuttallii  or  Sego  Lily,  the  flower  of  Utah, 
In  the  lowlands  I  found  the  same  species  of  insects  as  on  the  day 
previous  and  P.  tessellata,  also  Vanessa  milbertii.  On  the  moun- 
tains L.  pheres  and  L.  acmon  were  abundant,  with  an  occasional 
Eudamus  nevada.  One  P.  rutulus  was  taken,  and  several  were 
seen  about  the  blossoms  of  Honey  Locust  trees.  It  may  be  of 
interest  to  note  that  at  Bountiful  I  found  the  fruit  trees  nearly 
stripped  of  foliage  by  the  larvae  of  Clisiocampa  californica  (1  may 
be  wrong  as  to  species);  californica  was  abundant  at  Park  City 
later  in  season,  and  I  think  this  was  the  same. 

A  trip  on  Monday  forenoon  to  the  lowlands  in  the  vicinity  ot 
the  Jordan  River  convinced  me  that  collecting  in  dry  localities 
was  not  profitable.    The  Ccenonyuipha,  pamphiloides  and  ochracea 
were  found  here,  also  a  few  Lyccena  and  Phyciodes. 

In  the  afternoon,  with  Prof.  Smith  of  the  Salt  Lake  Academy, 
a  trip  was  taken  to  Red  Butte  Canon  up  on  the  mountains  above 
Fort  Douglass.  There  the  first  Argynnis  were  taken.  It  sur- 
prises one  not  accustomed  to  the  mountains  to  note  the  changes 
in  vegetation  as  he  ascends.  On  this  trip  a  few  A.  meadii  were 
seen  and  several  taken.  In  a  few  days  this  species  and  A.  neva- 
densis  were  abundant  in  the  same  locality.  Along  a  tramway 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  135 

running  up  this  canon  Nisoniades  brizo,  Eudamus  nevada,  E. 
tityrns,  Lyccsna  pheres  and  acmon,  Pyrgus  tessellata  and  numer- 
ous beautiful  Odonata  were  found. 

As  an  illustration  of  the  abundance  of  the  Argynnis,  on  June 
2oth,  fifty  of  the  two  species  meadii  and  nevadentis  were  taken. 
The  former  were  found  in  the  valley  or  lower  part  of  the  canon, 
and  nearly  all  were  taken  on  the  blossoms  of  Achillea  millefolium. 
I  soon  found  the  easiest  way  to  take  them  was  to  walk  up  and 
down  the  road  and  quietly  capture  them  while  sipping  the  nectar, 
for  when  once  started  they  were  not  easily  caught. 

The  A.  nevadensis  were  found  farther  up  the  mountain  sides, 
and  were  most  abundant  on  the  sunny  slopes,  where  they  were 
flitting  close  to  the  ground  under  and  through  the  Artemisia. 
Several  unsuccessful  chases  up  the  mountain  side  and  one  or  two 
falls  made  me  wonder  if  there  was  not  a  better  way.  I  noted  that 
nearly  all  were  working  their  way  up  the  mountain  and  seemed 
to  prefer  a  certain  wind-protected  patch  leading  up  a  narrow  but 
not  deep  gorge  which  was  so  steep  one  could  only  ascend  it  by 
holding  to  the  shrubs  of  Artemisia  and  Quercus  gambelii. 

On  taking  my  place  near  the  head  of  this  gorge,  I  found  the 
question  solved,  for  I  had  simply  to  stand  and  with  one  quick 
sweep  of  the  net  capture  them  as  they  attempted  to  pass.  This 
method  proved  so  much  easier  and  more  satisfactory  that  I  gave 
up  tearing  clothes  and  nets  in  chasing  specimens  through  the 
thick  brush.  It  was  often  interesting  to  note  butterflies  flitting 
from  flower  to  flower  up  the  mountain  keeping  in  the  sunlight  as 
the  source  of  light  gradually  sank  to  rest  behind  the  hills  and 
then  returning  to  the  valleys  in  same  manner  the  next  morning. 

The  valleys  or  cuts  between  parallel  ranges  always  were  the 
'  best  places  for  collecting,  except  for  such  genera  as  Parnassius 
and  Chionobas. 

Besides  species  mentioned,  Anthocharis  ausonides,  Nisoniades 
lucilius,  Limenitis  weidemeyerii,  Melit&a  nubigena,  Colias  ed- 
wardsii,  Pieris  occidentalis ,  D.  archippus  and  Pyrameis  carye 
were  taken  in  Red  Butte  Canon. 

June  23d  I  left  Salt  Lake  City  for  Park  City,  which  is  thirty- 
two  miles  away,  and  at  an  elevation  of  7000  feet.  Here  the  most 
of  my  collecting  was  done,  an  account  of  which  will  be  given  in 
mv  next  article. 


136  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

On  August  i gth  Mrs.  S.  and  myself  returned  to  Salt  Lake, 
and  Monday  the  2ist  visited  Red  Butte  Canon  for  the  last  time. 
Satyrus  ariane  was  abundant,  but  all  old  and  mostly  broken 
specimens.  A  few  Pamphila  agricola,  two  Theda  melimis,  and 
quite  a  number  of  Theda  crysalus  were  taken.  Two  Catocala 
were  seen,  the  only  specimens  noted  during  our  trip.  Several 
Syneda  were  seen,  but  of  the  genus  Catocala  both  Park  City  and 
Salt  Lake  regions  seemed  to  be  barren.  On  the  mountains  above 
Park  City  Syneda  adumbrata  was  abundant. 

Another,  to  me,  unaccountable  fact  was,  that  nothing  would 
come  to  sugar.  A  preparation  which  always  proves  successful 
here  was  tried  at  Park  City,  but  nothing — not  one  specimen,  so  far 
as  I  could  determine,  came  even  to  sample  the  mixture.  Another 
preparation,  suggested  by  Mr.  B.  Neumoegen,  was  tried  night 
after  night  with  the  same  results.  I  can  only  account  for  this  in 
one  of  two  ways:  either  the  nights  were  too  cold,  or  the  altitude 
too  great.  What  few  Noctuids  I  took  came  to  the  light  from  my 
lamp  placed  in  an  open  window,  or  were  taken  during  the  day- 
time on  shrubs  and  grasses. 

Before  closing  this  first  article  I  wish  to  repeat  and  emphasize 
two  suggestions  which  I  had  from  Dr.  Skinner  just  after  I  began 
collecting  in  Utah:  First,  "Take  every  specimen  you  see;" 
second,  ' '  Whenever  possible  take  specimens  of  the  sexes  in  coitu 
placing  them  in  same  paper. ' ' 

I  believe  that  no  one  can  positively  identify  species  on  the  wing. 
In  my  own  experience  some  of  my  best  captures  were  made  when 
I  supposed  I  was  taking  old  acquaintances.  A  beautiful  female 
Argynnis  leto  was  supposed  to  be  a  faded  Vanessa  antiopa  until 
Mrs.  S.  assured  me  it  was  not,  and  I  captured  it  by  way  of  proof. 


-o- 


ON  THE  GENUS  ERAX. 

By  S.  W.  WILLISTON. 

Next  to  Asilus,  in  its  wide  sense,  there  is  no  genus  of  the 
Asilidae  which  presents  more  difficulties  to  the  student  than  does 
Erax.  Osten  Sacken  well  expresses  these  difficulties  in  his  work 
on  the  Central  American  Diptera  in  the  "Biologia."  There 
are  quite  a  number  of  species  described  by  the  older  authors 
which  will  probably  never  be  determined  with  certainty  until  their 
types  are  examined,  if  they  ever  are,  for  doubtless  some  of  the 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  137 

types  are  no  longer  in  existence.  Furthermore,  the  genus  is  a 
large  one;  it  has  already  become  unwieldy,  and  it  requires  divi- 
sion, for  convenience  sake,  if  nothing  else.  Hitherto,  however, 
there  have  been  no  characters  discovered  which  will  satisfactorily 
serve  this  purpose.  In  my  attempt  at  the  elucidation  of  our  own 
species,  in  the  "Transactions"  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  xii,  p.  64,  I  was 
tempted  to  separate  three  by  an  anomalous  peculiarity  in  the 
neuration,  but  forbore  to  do  so  for  reasons  which  seemed  to  be 
important.  Mr.  Coquillett  has,  however,  recently  used  this  char- 
acter to  define  his  genus  Efferia*  in  which  he  has  located  two 
of  these  species  and  described  three  new  ones.  But  these  new 
species  themselves  add  still  another  objection  to  the  acceptation 
of  his  genus.  It  makes  comparatively  little  difference  how  far 
we  divide  genera,  provided  natural  relationships  are  not  disturbed. 
In  the  present  case  we  have  characters  which  show  decided  re- 
lationships ignored,  and  species  brought  together  which  have 
their  nearest  allies  in  different  groups  of  Erax,  as  it  now  remains 
with  Mr.  Coquillett' s  species  removed.  In  E.  anomalus,  one  of 
the  species  included  in  Efferia,  a  striking  character  is  the  pilosity 
of  the  abdomen,  which  is,  as  I  described  it,  "parted  down  the 
middle  and  combed  outwards,"  a  character  found  only  in  Candida 
among  the  other  species  of  Efferia,  but  which  does  occur  in  va- 
rious other  species  of  Erax,  E.  stamineus  for  instance.  Again, 
in  certain  species  of  Erax,  E.  jiibatus  for  example,  we  find  an 
equally  remarkable  development  of  the  hair  of  the  mesonotum, 
which  is  developed  "mane-like"  along  the  middle.  This  char- 
acter occurs  in  only  one  of  the  six  species  with  three  submarginal 
cells,  E.  rava  Coq.  Furthermore,  should  the  genus  be  accep- 
table, it  would  be  better  to  use  the  name  Eichoichcmus,  proposed 
for  it  by  Bigot,  with  Erax  flavianalis  Macquart  (Dipt.  Exot. 
Suppl.  iii,  p.  1 86,  pi.  ii,  fig.  i2a,  not  13)  as  its  type. 


A  Scotchman  who  wanted  to  sell  some  bees  inserted  the  following  ad- 
vertisement in  the  local  paper:  "  Extensive  sale  of  live  stock,  comprising 
no  less  than  140,000  head,  with  an  unlimited  right  of  pasturage." — New 
York  Tribune. 

*  "  Canadian  Entomologist,"  xxv,  p.  175. 


I38  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [Mayr 

ELEMENTARY  ENTOMOLOGY. 

MICROLEPIDOPTERA.— Part  II. 
By  Prof.  C.   H.  FERNALD,  Amherst,  Mass. 


The  family  Tineidae  or  Leaf-miners,  is  one  of  the  largest  of  the 
Lepidoptera.  It  includes  insects  ranging  in  expanse  of  wings 
from  3  to  55  mm.,  but  a  large  majority  are  much  below  the  me- 
dium size.  Notwithstanding  their  abundance  they  have  been 
very  much  neglected  by  collectors  and  students  in  this  country. 

The  head  in  some  species  is  covered  above  and  in  front  with 
erect  hair-like  scales  which  give  it  a  rough  appearance.  Other 
species  have  the  head  rough  above,  but  smooth  in  front,  and  still 
others  have  the  head  covered  in  front  and  above  with  scales  that 
lie  flat,  giving  the  head  a  smooth  appearance  over  the  whole  sur- 
face. The  tongue  is  generally  present,  though  sometimes  absent. 
The  labial  palpi  are  almost  always  present,  often  long,  curved  up 
in  front,  with  the  third  joint  long,  slim  and  pointed,  especially 
in  many  of  the  larger  species,  which  in  other  respects,  more  or 
less  resemble  the  Tortricids.  Sometimes  they  are  short  and  in- 
clined downwards.  In  som,e  species  they  are  covered  with  scales 
that  are  closely  appressed  to  the  surface,  and  in  others  with  loose 
diverging  hairs,  and  sometimes  the  second  joint  is  more  or  less 
tufted. 

The  maxillary  palpi  are  generally,  though  not  always,  present 
and  sometimes  have  as  many  as  rive  or  six  joints.  The  ocelli 
are  present  in  some  species,  but  absent  in  others.  The  eyes  are 
quite  prominent,  circular,  ovoid,  or  elliptical  in  outline.  The 
antennae  are  generally  from  two-thirds  to  three-fourths  as  long  as 
the  costa,  though  in  a  few  cases  they  are  less  than  half  as  long  as 
the  wing,  while  on  the  other  hand  they  are  sometimes  three  or 
four  times  as  long  as  the  fore  wing.  They  are  generally  smooth, 
though  in  some  species  they  are  more  or  less  strongly  ciliated. 
Frequently  a  tuft  of  hair  arises  from  the  basal  joint,  and  in  some 
groups  this  joint  is  expanded  into  a  broad  concave  cap,  which 
entirely  covers  the  eye  when  the  insect  is  at  rest. 

The  thorax  is  smooth,  and  the  abdomen  has  no  unusual  char- 
acters. The  legs  are  rather  long  and  slim.  The  fore  tibiae  usu- 
ally have  a  tibial  plate  near  the  end,  and  the  middle  tibiae  have  a 
pair  of  spurs  at  the  end,  while  the  hind  tibiae  have  a  pair  of  spurs 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  139 

at  the  end  and  another  pair  near  the  middle.  The  inner  spurs 
are  much  longer  than  the  outer.  The  hind  tibiae  are  in  many 
species  clothed  with  long  hairs  along  the  upperside. 

The  wings  vary  in  form  from  trapezoidal  to  narrow  or  lanceo- 
late, and  in  most  cases  have  long  fringes,  especially  toward  the 
anal  angle  of  the  hind  wings.  The  venation  is  normal  in  those 
species  that  have  broad  wings,  but  incomplete  in  many  of  the 
narrow  winged  species.  The  hind  wings  are  of  plain  colors  and 
without  markings,  while  the  fore  wings  of  many,  especially  of 
the  smaller  species,  are  most  beautifully  and  brilliantly  colored, 
and  the  markings  are  very  sharply  defined.  I  know  ot  nothing 
in  nature  that  rivals  the  indescribable  beauty  of  many  of  these 
little  minims  of  creation.  Without  doubt  the  plan  of  coloration 
was  inherited,  but  heightened  and  intensified  by  natural  selection. 
Some  years  ago  while  walking  by  a  maple  tree  I  saw  what  looked 
like  the  excrement  of  a  small  bird  on  a  leaf  of  the  maple,  but, 
on  closer  examination,  it  proved  to  be  a  Stenoma  schlcegeri  rest- 
ing on  the  leaf.  So  perfect  was  the  resemblance  to  the  excrement 
of  a  bird  that  the  protection  seemed  perfect.  This  observation 
has  been  made  by  others  on  the  same  insect. 

The  members  of  this  family  are  principally  vegetable  feeders, 
yet  a  few  of  them  feed  on  hair,  feathers,  and  woolen  fabrics,  often 
causing  great  injury.  Many  of  those  living  on  vegetable  matter 
are  of  economic  importance  since  they  feed  on  such  plants  as  are 
of  direct  value  to  man,  while  a  large  number  of  the  species  feed 
on  plants  that  are  of  little  or  no  value. 

The  larvae  of  the  larger  species  feed  under  ground  on  the  roots 
of  plants;  between  leaves  rolled  or  drawn  together;  or  burrow 
in  stems,  fungi  or  decayed  wood.  Some  of  the  larvae  of  the 
smaller  species  live  in  peculiarly  shaped  cases  which  they  form 
from  portions  of  the  leaves  on  which  they  feed.  The  great  ma- 
jority of  the  smaller  species  mine  between  the  cuticles  of  the 
leaves.  These  mines  are  very  plainly  visible,  and  their  peculiar 
form  is  characteristic  of  the  species. 

A  few  of  these  insects  hibernate  during  the  Winter  in  the  imago 
state;  a  much  larger  number  hibernate  in  the  larval  state,  while 
many  pass  the  Winter  in  the  pupal  state. 

Some  of  the  species  fly  in  the  middle  of  the  day  in  the  hot  sun; 
others  fly  in  the  night,  but  a  great  majority  fly  in  the  early  morn- 
ing or  near  sunset,  especially  on  warm  and  calm  evenings.  Very 


14°  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

few  are  attracted  to  light  or  to  sugar,  but  many  of  the  larger 
species  are  easily  "flushed"  from  their  resting  places  and  may 
be  taken  in  the  net. 

The  Tineidae  have  a  world- wide  distribution,  but  certain  groups 
are  better  represented  in  some  parts  of  the  world  than  in  others. 
They  have  been  discovered  in  rocks  of  the  Miocene  period  and 
also  in  amber,  indicating  their  presence  on  earth  in  early  tertiary 
times. 

The  classifications  thus  far  given  are  based  too  largely  on  su- 
perficial characters,  except  the  one  given  of  a  part  of  the  family 
by  Mr.  Meyrick,  and  this  needs  verification  for  the  species  of 
this  country.  I  have  already  made  critical  studies  on  the  structure 
of  a  large  number  of  our  species,  but  have  not  yet  gone  far 
enough  to  give  a  satisfactory  synoptical  table. 

o 

NOTES  ON  A  FEW  SPECIES  OF  REARED  COLEOPTERA. 

By  F.  M.  WEBSTER. 

Leptotrachelus  dorsalis  Fab. — The  larvae  of  this  species  were 
first  observed  by  me  on  July  22,  1884,  actively  engaged  in  de- 
stroying the  larvae  of  the  wheat  straw  worm,  hosomatritici  Riley, 
which  the  reaper  had  left  exposed  in  the  stubble.  Early  in  Au- 
gust they  were  observed  to  stop  the  cavity  in  the  upper  end  of 
the  stubble  with  bits  detached  from  the  inside  and  rolled  into  a 
ball.  August  nth  larvae,  pupee  and  adults  were  observed  in 
stubbles  that  had  thus  been  plugged  up,  a  single  individual  only 
occupying  a  stubble.  I  have  no  description  of  the  larva,  except 
that  it  is  slender,  depressed,  8  mm.  in  length  and  very  active. 
See  Rep.  Comm.  Agr.  1884,  p.  387. 

Phalacrus politus  Mels. — Adults  reared  August  4th  from  heads 
of  rye  affected  with  smut.  Larva?  observed  in  these  heads  on 
July  i2th,  at  which  time  they  were  isolated  in  breeding-jar.  The 
same  species  breeds  in  smut  on  corn. 

Neoclytus  erythrocephalus  Fab. — Observed  female  ovipositing 
in  trunk  of  dead  apple  tree  at  Columbus,  Ohio,  July  21-24,  fSgi. 
From  this  same  tree  trunk  adults  emerged  May  31,  1892. 

Bruchus  mimus  Say. — Reared  from  seeds  of  Red  Bud,  Cercis 
canadensis  L. 

Disonycha  caroliniana  Fab. — I  reared  the  adult  at  Lafayette, 
Ind. ,  from  a  larva  captured  while  feeding  on  the  foliage  of  the 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  14! 

common  Purslane,  Portiilaca  oleracea  L.  Dr.  Horn  ("Transac- 
tions" Am.  Ent.  Soc.  vol.  xvi,  p.  205)  states  that  the  species 
occurs  from  Pennsylvania  to  Florida,  he  having  also  a  specimen 
in  his  cabinet  from  Missouri,  "doubtful  as  to  locality."  My 
specimen  was  determined  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture  at 
Washington,  where  it  was  sent  under  No.  1376,  July  6,  1891. 

Cistela  brevis  Say. — I  have  reared  adults  of  this  from  pupae 
found  in  the  decaying  portion  of  a  trunk  of  Red  Bud,  Cercis 
canadensis  L.  in  Illinois,  where,  in  the  northern  portion  as  well 
as  in  Indiana  and  Ohio,  I  have  collected  the  light  colored  form, 
while  in  Ohio  both  this  and  the  black  form  occur.  It  was  the 
light  form  that  was  reared. 

Apion  segnipes  Say. — Adults,  larvae  and  pupae,  found  in  pods 
of  Tephrosia  mrginiana  Pers.  collected  near  Toledo,  Ohio,  Oc- 
tober 5th,  by  Mr.  J.  S.  Hine.  The  major  portion  of  the  larvae 
had  transformed  in  the  pods,  in  the  fields,  as  early  as  i4th  of 
September. 

Brachy 'tarsus  limbatus  Say. — Adults  were  observed  in  the  act 
of  ovipositing  in  the  bloom  of  Sneeze-weed,  Helenium  autumale 
L.  near  Wooster,  Ohio,  September  yth.  Larvae  reach  full  growth 
in  the  fall  and  abandon  the  plants,  emerging  from  the  ground  as 
adults  the  following  Spring.  The  larvae  are  rather  robust,  white, 
with  brown  heads,  and  are  usually  observed  in  the  curved  position 
common  to  Rhynchophorus  larvae. 


NOTE  ON  PLATYPSYLLUS. — Since  the  discovery  of  this  insect  much  has 
been  written  about  it  by  various  authors,  but  none  have  indicated  any 
means  for  distinguishing  the  sexes.  Having  recently  received  a  very 
large  series  collected  near  Fort  Yuma,  Cal.,  the  opportunity  has  been 
afforded  for  examining  with  a  view  to  determining  the  sexual  peculiarities. 

As  received,  in  alcohol,  the  females  are  apparently  longer  and  are  not 
bent  in  arc,  the  males  shorter  and  bent.  The  wedge-shaped  prosternal 
plate  is  almost  absolutely  smooth  in  the  female,  but  with  numerous  coarse 
punctures,  especially  posteriorly  in  the  male.  The  last  ventral  segment 
is  oval  at  tip  in  the  female,  truncate  or  even  slightly  emarginate  in  the 
male.  Finally,  the  anterior  tarsi  are  slender  in  the  female,  and  as  com- 
pared with  the  tibiae  longer,  while  in  the  male  there  is  a  distinct  shortening 
and  thickening  of  the  three  basal  joints. 

In  39  specimens  examined,  12  were  females  and  27  males,  showing  a 
preponderance  of  more  than  two  to  one  in  the  males. — G.  H.  HI  >K.\,  M.D. 


142  [May, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IS  ADVANCE. 

fg^*1  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
•of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,   MAY,   1894. 
TYPE  SPECIMENS. 

WE  have  received  a  letter  from  Prof.  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell  which  ex- 
presses our  views  exactly  in  regard  to  type  specimens,  and  we  think  it  so 
important  that  we  reproduce  it  here.  The  majority  of  types  are  not 
unique,  and  at  least  one  could  be  spared  for  some  public  collection  : 

"  I  want,  so  far  as  possible,  to  make  a  practise  of  always  sending  you 
type  specimens  along  with  the  descriptions,  and  I  think  it  would  be  a  re- 
markably good  thing  if  no  descriptions  were  allowed  to  stand  unless  the 
types  were  deposited  in  a  public  collection.  In  the  term  '  public  collec- 
tion' I  should  include  such  as  that  of  the  American  Entomological  Society, 
which  I  understand  can  always  be  seen  by  respectable  entomologists. 

"  I  do  not  think  for  a  moment  that  we  really  could  refuse  to  recognize 
descriptions  not  thus  represented  by  types;  but  we  might  at  least  make 
the  practise  of  placing  types  in  accessible  collections  a  common  one,  so 
that  public  opinion  would  condemn  those  who  failed  to  do  so.  In  certain 
instances  it  seems  justifiable  to  retain  types  during  one's  life-time.  Thus, 
Lord  Walsingham  is  keeping  his  types  of  Tineidae,  which  he  no  doubt 
finds  necessary  for  his  work;  but  he  has  arranged  that  upon  his  death  they 
shall  go  to  the  British  Museum.  Such  a  collector  as  Dr.  Holland  ought 
certainly  to  do  the  same;  possibly  he  has  done  so.  If  on  his  death  his 
numerous  types  were  distributed  by  sale  it  would  be  a  great  pity,  and  I 
might  add,  a  serious  injustice  to  other  lepidopterists  all  over  the  world." 


PICTURES  for  tin-  .illmi/i  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  have 
been  received  from  Prof.  I).  S.  Kellicott,  Dr.  R.  E.  Kunze,  C.  V.  Piper, 
A.  G.  Weeks,  Jr.,  M.  |.  Elrod.  We  have  not  received  nearly  all  that  we 
would  like.  We  want  pictures  of  all  the  entomologists  of  the  world. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  143 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY, 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

"A  strange  Worm  on  a  Grapevine."— A  singular  worm  was  picked  from 
a  leaf  of  a  grapevine  yesterday  by  an  aged  gentleman,  and  was  shown  to 
a  number  of  people  who  have  seen  all  sorts  of  worms,  but  who  never 
before  beheld  a  worm  like  unto  this.  The  creature  was  brought  to  the 
Call  office  for  exhibition  and  description.  The  worm  is  about  two  inches 
and  a  half  in  length  and  a  third  of  an  inch  in  thickness.  The  color  re- 
sembles the  underside  of  a  grape  leaf.  The  head  is  quite  large  in  pro- 
portion to  the  body  and  contains  a  large  bright  eye  set  in  the  forehead. 
The  worm  has  fourteen  very  short  feet  and  walks  backward,  the  tail  being 
erected  and  having  the  intelligent  motions  of  a  head.  The  motions  of 
the  body  are  quick  and  sinuous,  and  the  feet  have  a  remarkable  strength 
in  adhering  to  objects.  The  most  singular  feature  of  the  worm,  however, 
consists  of  a  number  of  small  white  points  sticking  out  from  its  body  and 
sides  like  quills  on  the  fretful  porcupine.  These  are  probable  cocoons 
containing  the  young  of  the  species.— From  the  Newark  Sunday  Call. 

"Grass-eating  Insects."— Bulletin  No.  64  of  the  Cornell  Experiment 
Station  makes  a  departure  in  the  character  of  publications  issued  by  Ex- 
periment Stations.  The  work  is  entitled,  "A  synopsis  of  the  species  of 
Crambus  of  the  Ithaca  fauna,"  and  it  is  a  thesis  in  Entomology  by  Mr. 
E.  P.  Felt.  The  Bulletin  covers  rather  more  than  fifty  pages  and  is  partly 
popular,  but  much  more  technical.  There  are  described  first,  the  general 
habits  of  the  species  of  Crainbus  and  the  remedies  to  be  used  against  them 
as  a  whole.  Following  we  have  a  synopsis  of  twenty-seven  species,  based 
first  upon  the  markings  and  afterward  upon  the  sexual  characters.  This 
again  is  lollowed  by  special  notes  on  certain  of  the  species  in  which  there 
is  an  extremely  generalized  description  of  the  insects,  and  a  great  deal 
more  detailed  description  in  many  cases  of  the  early  stages,  together  with 
records  of  raptures,  etc.  Finally,  we  have  notes  on  the  affinities  of  the 
species,  a  very  complete  bibliographical  list  in  which  also  geographical 
distribution  of  the  species  is  given,  and  a  series  of  fourteen  plates  illus- 
trating vi-nation,  the  sexual  characteristics,  certain  egg  shapes  and  the 
wing  maculation  of  tin-  twenty-seven  species.  To  the  farmer  the  Bulletin 
will  be  of  little  value,  principally  because  the  character  of  the  publication 
will  prevent  him  from  reading  it.  and  it  was  not  written  primarily  with  the 
interest  of  the  fanner  in  view.  From  the  scientific  standpoint  the  infor- 
mation contained  in  the  Bulletin  is  very  decidedly  interesting,  and  it  is  a 
distinct  contribution  to  our  knowledge  of  these  insects.  There  is  much 
that  is  original  in  the  observations  made,  and  of  course  the  studies  on 
sexual  structure,  venation,  etc.,  are  original,  and  probably  accurate.  The 
work  will  be  an  extremely  useful  one  to  entomologists,  and  it  brings  up 
again  the  question  that  I  have  already  mentioned  on  previous  occasions 


144  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [Mayr 

as  to  the  character  of  the  Bulletins  to  be  issued  by  the  Experiment  Stations. 
There  is  room  for  differences  of  opinion,  and  in  that  view  the  matter  is 
beyond  the  domain  of  criticism;  still,  I  cannot  help  feeling  that  a  special 
publication  of  this  character  is  misplaced  in  a  Bulletin.  The  farmer  will 
not  understand  it,  and  if  unfortunately  he  locks  over  a  Bulletin  of  this 
character  and  finds  it  beyond  him,  he  is  very  apt  to  base  an  adverse  judg- 
ment upon  Bulletins  as  a  whole.  The  other  objection  is  one  that  I  have 
previously  made,  and  is  that  the  information  is  not  thus  made  completely 
accessible  to  the  scientific  man.  The  Bulletin  is  good,  and  I  would  advise 
every  entomologist  to  get  it  if  possible;  but  I  would  be  as  anxious  to  keep 
it  out  of  the  hands  of  the  farmer.  The  only  criticism  that  need  be  made 
is  that  the  description  of  the  species  should  have  been  a  little  more  com- 
plete, and  that  all  of  the  species  should  have  been  described,  even  though 
no  biological  notes  were  at  hand.  While  the  figures  are  good,  yet  in 
some  cases  a  few  words  of  description  would  make  matters  certain  where 
doubt  is  left. 

Injurious  Insects  and  the  use  of  Insecticides. — Under  this  title  we  have 
a  book  of  216  pages  by  Frank  W.  Sempers,  published  by  W.  Atlee  Burpee 
&  Co.,  of  Philadelphia.  This  firm  are  seed  dealers  and  growers,  and  have 
published  a  number  of  books  which  are  used  in  some  measure  to  adver- 
tise themselves,  being  distributed  as  premiums  to  those  purchasing  a  cer- 
tain amount  in  value  of  seeds.  Mr.  Sempers  is  not  an  entomologist,  and 
the  book  is  -a  compilation.  On  the  whole  it  is  a  very  convenient  little 
publication,  giving  a  considerable  amount  of  information  gathered  from 
generally  reliable  sources,  and  it  is  one  that  will  be  an  addition  to  the 
library  of  every  practical  agriculturist.  While  there  is  little  to  be  said  in 
criticism  of  what  the  book  actually  contains,  very  much  could  be  said  in 
criticism  of  what  it  does  not  contain.  In  other  words,  one  of  the  chief 
faults  of  the  book  is  that  the  selection  of  insects  to  be  treated  is  not  the 
most  judicious  possible.  Quite  a  number  of  the  most  destructive  forms 
of  the  Eastern  and  Middle  United  States  are  omitted,  while  a  considerable 
number  that  are  scarcely  ever  heard  of  as  practically  injurious  are  treated 
at  some  length.  Sometimes,  also,  one  local  account  of  an  insect  is  used 
to  the  exclusion  of  equally  important  records  from  other  localities.  For 
instance,  Heliothis  armiger  is  treated  only  as  a  cotton  insect,  while  no- 
thing is  said  of  its  injuries  to  corn,  and  especially  to  early  tomatoes,  where 
they  are  grown.  Mr.  Sempers'  ignorance  of  entomological  literature  ap- 
pears sometimes  where  complete  accounts  of  species  have  been  published 
in  places  other  than  those  Reports  and  Bulletins  that  appear  to  be  acces- 
sible to  him.  Thus  fhe  very  complete  life-history  of  the  Strawberry 
weevil  published  in  "  Insect  Life"  has  been  overlooked,  and  all  the  infor- 
mation taken  from  the  rather  incomplete  account  published  at  the  Dela- 
ware Station.  There  are  several  other  instances  of  this  character;  but 
nevertheless,  if  the  book  be  not  taken  too  literally,  or  as  being  up  to  date 
in  all  respects,  it  will  be  a  very  handy  one  for  practical  use. 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  145 

The  Periodical  Cicada. — Before  the  end  of  the  month  for  which  this  num- 
ber is  issued  the  voice  of  the  Cicada  will  be  heard  in  the  land.  The  brood 
is  a  large  one,  quite  widely  distributed,  and  will  be  one  of  considerable 
importance  to  the  agriculturist,  unless  all  previous  experiences  are  over- 
tured.  It  will  give  another  opportunity  for  close  observation  concerning 
the  actual  distribution  of  the  species  within  State  lines,  and  as  there  are 
perhaps  more  working  entomologists  at  the  present  time  than  ever  before, 
our  knowledge  of  the  actual  distribution  of  the  species  should  be  better 
denned  than  ever  before.  Warnings  have  been  given  to  fruit-growers  that 
it  would  be  unadvisable  to  set  out  young  trees  during  the  present  Spring 
in  those  localities  where  the  insects  are  known  to  have  occurred.  A  feature 
that  it  will  be  worth  while  to  observe  rather  closely  during  the  present 
year,  is  the  influence  of  Sparrow,  that  is,  of  course,  the  English  Sparrow, 
upon  the  number  of  these  insects.  A  few  years  ago  when  the  Cicada  ap- 
peared in  Washington,  D.  C.,  and  was  so  elaborately  and  completely 
studied  by  Dr.  Riley  and  his  force,  the  Sparrows  destroyed  a  very  large 
proportion  of  the  specimens.  About  the  same  time  a  brood  appeared 
upon  Long  Island,  extending  for  a  distance  of  about  five  miles  through  a 
territory  that  was  rather  closely  examined  by  myself,  embracing  Prospect 
Park  and  the  Ocean  Parkway  toward  Coney  Island,  along  the  whole  of 
which  distance  the  English  Sparrow  has  taken  undisputed  possession  to 
the  almost  entire  extermination  of  a  considerable  number  of  our  native 
birds.  At  that  time  I  found  that  the  Sparrows  had  also  practically  exter- 
minated the  Cicada,  because  an  entire  day's  search  gave  me  just  one 
punctured  branch,  showing  eggs  deposited.  It  is,  of  course,  that  I  do  not 
mean  to  suggest  that  that  was  the  only  one  that  escaped;  but  it  is  rather 
remarkable  that  where  the  insects  were  present  in  such  numbers  that  ovi- 
position  should  have  been  so  restricted  as  to  make  the  finding  of  punc- 
tured twigs  so  difficult  a  matter.  The  Sparrows  are  still  becoming  more 
and  more  numerous  each  year,  and  their  influence  upon  the  future  reoc- 
currence of  this  particular  brood  will  be  more  than  ever  important.  I 
would  suggest  that  every  collector  and  every  entomologist  make  special 
observations  in  the  direction  of  the  relation  of  English  Sparrow  and  the 
Cicada.  On  the  first  appearance  of  the  insects  note  whether  there  is  a 
special  congregation  of  the  birds  in  the  places  where  they  are  most  abun- 
dant. Observe  the  length  of  the  period  during  which  the  insects  remain, 
and  whether  there  is  an  abrupt  cessation  within  a  space  of  ten  days  or 
two  weeks.  Finally,  the  region  covered  by  them,  or  that  in  which  they 
were  most  abundant,  should  be  rather  closely  searched  over  for  egg  punc- 
tures, and  in  this  way  a  basis  of  observed  facts  will  be  gathered  that  will 
enable  us  to  see  whether  the  next  appearance  of  these  insects  will  be  in 
anything  like  the  numbers  of  the  present  expected  invasion. 


So  light  is  the  spider's  web  that  a  pound  weight  of  it  will  reach  around 
the  world,  and  leave  enough  to  reach  from  Liverpool  to  New  York. — New 
York  World. 


146  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

Notes  and 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy''  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


EARLY  BUTTERFLIES.  March  iSth  of  the  present  year  was  the  warmest 
March  day  in  my  recollection.  Pieris  rapes  and  Colias  philodice  were 
seen  in  numbers,  and  also  a  fine  male  Papilio  turnus.  P.  rapes  and  C. 
philodice  generally  make  their  appearance  around  Mt.  Airy  about  the 
beginning  of  April,  and  P.  turnus  a  month  or  so  later. — P.  LAURENT, 
Mt.  Airy,  Pa. 

THE  MARTINDALE  collection  of  Lepidoptera  has  been  purchased  by  the 
Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia.  In  this  the  Academy  pos- 
sesses the  finest  museum  collection  in  America.  It  is  in  nine  fine  cabinets, 
containing  320  large  drawers.  The  specimens  are  nearly  all  faultless, 
having  been  largely  purchased  from  dealers.  It  contains  many  exceed- 
ingly rare  species. 

CASSIDA  NEBULOSA  Linn. — In  a  recent  letter  from  Mr.  G.  C.  Champion 
I  have  received  the  following:  "  I  cannot  separate  your  Cassida  from  the 
European  nebulosa.  It  is  supposed  to  be  destructive  to  crops  of  beet  in 
Europe,  and  has  been  called  the  beet  shield-beetle.  It  is  recorded  from 
Persia,  Siberia,  etc." 

This  message  accompanies  the  return  of  a  Cassida  given  to  nie  by  Mr. 
A.  Bolter,  collected  near  the  Santa  Ana  River,  California,  and  indicates 
the  presence  of  a  possibly  injurious  insect.  The  species  resembles  tcxana 
in  sculpture,  but  is  darker  in  general  color.  The  elytra  have  numerous 
5tnall  black  spots. — GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D. 

IDENTITY  OF  PEZOMACHUS  AND  HEMITELES. — The  note  of  Mr.  \V.  H. 
Patton,  under  this  head  in  the  April  number  of  ENT.  NEWS,  leads  me  to 
record  the  fact  that  I  have  reared  Pezomachus  obscurus  Cress,  and  Hcmi- 
teles  drassi  Riley,  simultaneously,  from  the  same  nest  of  a  Drassid  spider. 
This  was  of  course  not  conclusive  evidence  of  their  generic  identity,  but 
I  have  not  been  able  to  get  rid  of  a  suspicion  that  such  might  ultimately 
prove  to  be  the  case,  especially  as  my  breedings  belonged  to  opposite 
sexes,  the  Hctniteles  being  all  of  them  males  and  the  Pezomachus  females. 
— F.  M.  WEBSTER. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  147 

AN  EARLY  MOTH. — It  may  be  of  interest  to  some  of  the  readers  of  the 
NEWS  as  to  which  species  of  our  Geometric!  moths  is  first  to  make  its  ap- 
pearance in  the  Spring  time.  In  the  neighborhood  of  Philadelphia  Anis- 
opteryx  vernata  Harr.  is  no  doubt  the  first  to  appear.  My  earliest  record 
is  March  i3th,  while  this  year  the  first  was  observed  March  i6th,  at  Salem, 
Mass.  The  species  has  been  observed  as  early  as  February  25th  (Packard, 
"  Monograph  of  the  Geometrid  moths  of  the  U.  S."  p.  403).  Anisoptcryx 
vernata  is  common  in  some  parts  of  the  New  England  States,  while  in 
eastern  Pennsylvania  it  is  comparatively  rare  and  causes  but  little  damage. 
—PHILIP  LAURENT,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

NOTE  ON  THE  OCCURRENCE  OF  ALETIA  ARGILLACEA  Hbn.  in  Ohio.— 
On  Sept.  24,  1891,  I  captured  an  adult  at  electric  light  in  the  city  of  Co- 
lumbus. Oct.  4,  1893,  at  Wooster,  I  took  another  specimen,  in  daytime, 
this  one  being  to  all  appearances  freshly  emerged  and  without  the  least 
blemish.  These  notes  are  given,  not  on  account  of  their  individual  value, 
but  with  the  hope  that,  when  the  phenomena  of  the  northern  occurrence 
of  the  species  is  better  understood,  they  may  be  of  service  to  some  one, 
somewhere. — F.  M.  WEBSTER. 

GRAF-KRUSI,  of  Gais,  St.  Gall,  Switzerland,  has  sent  us  a  sample  of  his 
silk  butterfly-net.  This  is  a  folding  net  with  three  hinge  joints  and  can  be 
folded  very  compactly.  The  special  feature  of  the  frame  is  the  arrange- 
ment by  which  any  size  stick  can  be  made  to  fit,  which  is  a  very  great 
convenience.  The  most  interesting  part  is  the  net  proper,  which  is  com- 
posed of  silk  and  is  very  light  in  weight,  yet  of  exceedingly  great  strength. 
It  is  impossible  to  force  a  hole  through  the  net  with  the  fingers  on  account 
of  the  strength  of  the  silk  and  the  admirable  and  ingenious  way  in  which 
the  interlacing  meshes  are  locked,  which  may  be  seen  under  a  glass.  Such 
a  net  would  last  a  long  time  and  would  be  useful  in  tropical  countries  and 
in  the  vicinity  of  blackberry  bushes  or  other  vegetation  which  interferes 
with  the  work  of  the  collector.  The  net  is  also  very  inexpensive  (see  adv.). 

Is  IT  so  ? — Longevity  of  parasites  in  dead  larvae. — In  September,  1892, 
I  found  a  number  of  full-grown  larvae  of  Paonias  astylus.  which  after  a 
few  days  went  into  the  ground,  with  the  exception  of  two  of  them;  these 
I  found  dead  in  the  breeding-cage  one  morning,  without  being  able  to 
ascertain  cause  of  it,  as  there  was  absolutely  no  visible  trace  of  their 
having  been  stung  by  parasites,  or  suffering  from  other  disease.  Being 
anxious  to  preserve  these  larvae  and  to  show  them  to  my  entomological 
friends,  I  placed  them  in  a  glass  bottle,  tilled  with  alcohol,  and  out  same 
on  a  shelf  in  my  study,  frequently  looking  at  them,  but  never  noticing  any 
change  in  their  appearance.  By  some  accident  the  glass  bottle  containing 
these  specimens  fell  to  the  floor  and  was  broken,  when  I  discovered  this, 
early  in  March  (1894),  a  week  or  so  after  it  had  occurred,  I  found  the 
dried  up  larvae  covered  with  the  small  white  cocoons  of  the  ichneumon 
fly  (Pteromalussv.  ?),  certainly  a  most  remarkable  thing  after  their  having 
been  in  alcohol  nearly  one  and  a  half  years. — H.  AICH,  43  Murray  St.,  N.  Y. 


148  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

To  THE  EDITOR. — In  reply  to  your  postal  of  yesterday  I  beg  to  say  I 
have  not  communicated  to  you  any  "  fake"  story,  but  merely  related  facts. 
It  is  absolutely  impossible  to  suppose  that  the  dead  larvae  referred  to  were 
stung  after  the  bottle  was  broken,  for  at  this  time  of  the  year  it  is  not 
likely  that  ichneumon  flies  should  exist  in  my  study,  which,  by  the  way, 
is  a  rather  cold  room.  As  I  stated  before,  I  carefully  examined  larvae  at 
the  time  they  died,  because  they  looked  perfectly  healthy,  and  I  was  at  a 
loss  to  account  for  their  death.  My  theory  now,  after  appearance  of  the 
ichneumon  cocoon  is,  that  they  were  stung  when  quite  full  grown,  that 
worms  destroyed  intestines  of  the  larvae,  causing  their  death,  and  that 
they  had  been  feeding  inside  the  dead  body  all  the  time,  because  the  al- 
cohol prevented  their  usual  way  of  coming  to  the  surface.  The  facts  are 
and  remain,  that  the  dead  larvae  after  being  preserved  in  alcohol  for  nearly 
one  and  a  half  years  were  found  covered  with  cocoons  of  an  ichneumon 
fly  on  the  floor,  together  with  the  remnants  of  the  broken  bottle. — HER- 
MANN AICH. 


Identification  of  Insects  (Imagos)  for  Subscribers. 


Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species- 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 


1.  NATURE.    London,  March  i,  1894. — Note  on  the  habits  of  a  Jamaican 
spider  \_Nephila  clavipes],  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell. — March  22.     The  suspen- 
sion of  foreign  bodies  from  spiders'  webs,  R.  Philipp. 

2.  SCIENCE  GOSSIP.     London,  March,  1894. — Roosting  butterflies,  J. 
T.  Carrington,  figs. 

3.  THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.     Philadelphia,  March,  1894.— A  cu- 
rious hemipteron  [Reduvius personatus},  L.  Highfield. — April,  1894.   The 
white  marked  Tussock-moth  (Orgyia  leucostignia  Sm.  and  Abb.)  in 
Chicago,  J.  L.  Hancock,  figs. 

4.  THE  OTTAWA  NATURALIST,  February  and  March,  1894. — Corydalis 
cornuta,  J.  Fletcher. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  149 

5.  BERICHTE  DER  NATURFORSCHENDEN  GESELLSCHAFT  zu  Freiburg  i 
B.  viii.     Zoologische  Abhandlungen  August  Weismann  zu  seinem  sech- 
zigsten  Geburtstage  17  Januar,  1894,  gewidmet;  1894.— On  abnormal  con- 
ditions in  the  beehive,  Dr.  O.  vom  Rath.     On  seasonal  dimorphism  and 
polymorphism  among  Japanese  Lepidoptera,  Dr.  A.  Fritze. 

6.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  INDIANA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE,  1892.   Brook- 
ville,  Ind.,  1893. — Modern  geographical  distribution  of  insects  in  Indiana, 
F.  M.  Webster,  i  map.    A  partial  list  of  new  species  of  parasitic  Hymen- 
optera  reared  in  Indiana,  id.   The  Locustidae  of  Indiana,  W.  S.  Blatchley. 
The  Blattid&e  of  Indiana,  id. 

7.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  ROYAL  MICROSCOPICAL  SOCIETY,  1894,  pt.  i.    Lon- 
don, February,  1894. — The  progress  and  present  state  of  our  knowledge 
of  the  Acari  (President's  address),  A.  D.  Michael. 

8.  THE  AMERICAN  TERTIARY  APHID.E,  with  a  list  of  the  known  species 
and  tables  for  their  determination.     By  Samuel  Hubbard  Scudder.     Ex- 
tract from  the  thirteenth  annual  report  of  the  Director  of  the  U.  S.  Geo- 
logical Survey.     Washington,  1894.     Pp.  341-366.     Pis.  cii-cvi. 

• 

9.  PSYCHE.     Cambridge,  Mass.,  March,  1894. — The  habits  of  the  Acu- 
leate Hymenoptera— ii,  W.  H.  Ashmead.     New  and  undescribed  genera 
and  species  of  West  African  Noctuidse— ii,  W.  J.    Holland,   figs.     The 
Nemastomatidae  and  Trogulidae  of  the  United  States,  N.  Banks.     Wing- 
length  in  some  New  England  Acrididee — ii,  A.  P.  Morse. — April,  1894. 
The  habits  of  the  aculeate  Hymenoptera — iii,  W.  H.  Ashmead.     New 
and  undescribed  genera  and  species  of  West  African  Noctuidse — iii,  W.  J . 
Holland.     Early  stages  of  Spilosoma  latipcnnis,  C.  G.  Sonle. 

10.  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx,  3.     Berlin,  February,  1894. 
—Synonymic  catalogue  of  European  parasitic  bees,  Dr.  v.  Dalla  Torre 
and  H.  Friese. 

11.  DESCRIPTION  OF  TWO  NEW  DELTOID  MOTHS.     By  G.  H.  French. 
From  Bulletin  Illinois  State  Laboratory  of  Natural  History,  vol.  4,  art.  ii. 
Champaign,  111.,  March  10,  1894. 

12.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  MATERIA  MEDICA;  or  an  enumeration  of  insects 
employed  by  physicians  as  remedial  agents.   Read  at  the  World's  Medical 
Congress  in  the  city  of  Chicago,  111.,  June  2,  1893.     By  Richard  Ernest 
Kunze,  M..D.,  etc.,  New  York,  20  pp. 

13.  OBSERVATIONS  ON  SOME  ENTOMOPHTHORE^E.     By  F.  M.  Webster. 
From  Journal  of  Cincinnati  Society  of  Natural  History,  January,  1894,  pp. 
I75-I77- 

14.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  WASHINGTON, 

iii,  i  (Ian.  5,  i893-June  i,  1893).     Issued  March  S,    1894. — Parasitism,  C. 
AY.  Stiles.     Notes  on  the  genus  Caitroi/oni,  \\ .  H.  Ashmead.     Note  on 


150  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [May, 

Bmthinus,  H.  G.  Hubbard.  A  peculiar  structural  feature  of  the  Elasminse, 
L.  O.  Howard.  A  parasitic  Scolytid.  E.  A.  Schwarz.  The  curious  de- 
fenses constructed  by  Melipona  and  Trigona,  F.  Benton.  Note  on  the 
ovipositor  of  some  species  of  Donacia,  E.  A.  Schwarz,  figs.  Degenera- 
tion by  disuse  of  certain  organs  in  spiders,  G.  Marx.  A  synopsis  of  the 
Spalangiiiice  of  North  America,  W.  H.  Ashmead.  Note  on  the  Coruco, 
a  hemipterous  insect  which  infests  poultry  in  southern  New  Mexico,  C. 
H.  T.  Townsend.  Descriptions  of  two  Rhynchophorous  Coleoptera  from 
semi-tropical  Florida,  E.  A.  Schwarz.  Notes  upon  wasps — i,  VV.  H.  Pat- 
ton.  Synopsis  of  the  North  American  species  of  Toxoneura  Say,  W.  H. 
Ashmead.  Continuation  of  the  life-history  of  the  whip-tail  scorpion,  G. 
Marx.  Notes  on  the  family  Pachylommatoideae,  W.  H.  Ashmead.  The 
Death's-head  moth  in  relation  to  honey  bees,  F.  Benton.  Further  notes 
on  Lachnosterna,  C.  V.  Riley.  Notes  on  Coccidse,  id. 

15.  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  CITY  OF  LONDON  ENTOMOLOGICAL  AND 
NATURAL  HISTORY  SOCIETY  for  the  year  1893  (1894). — This  volume,  with 
those  for  1891  and  1892,  has  been  received  within  the  past  month,  their 
first  appearance,  to  our  knowledge,  in  Philadelphia.     Their  contents,  of 
course,  mainly  concern  British  insects,  while  such  papers  as  have  a  gen- 
eral bearing  have  been  already  published  in  the  Entomologist's  Record. 
One  looks  in  vain  in  these  volumes  for  an  index  or  table  of  contents. 

16.  COMPTES  RENDUS.  L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.      Paris,  Feb.  26, 
1894. — Anatomy  of  the  salivary  glands  of  the  Philantidse,  M.   Bordas. 
Researches  on  the  anatomy  and  development  of  the  male  genital  armor 
of  Lepidoptera,  M.  Peytoureau. — March  19.     Anatomy  of  the  tracheal 
system  of  the  larvae  of  Hymenoptera,  M.  Bordas. 

17.  THE  BRITISH  NATURALIST.     New  series,  No.  i.     London,  Jan.  15, 
1894.     No.  3,  March  15. — What  constitutes  a  British  insect  at  the  present 
time?  C.  S.  Gregson.     The  Pterophorina  of  Britain  (cont.),  J.  W.  Tutt. 
Air  breathing  Arthropods,  L.  Greening,  3  pis. 

18.  CORNELL    UNIVERSITY    AGRICULTURAL    EXPERIMENT    STATION. 
Bulletin  No.  64.     Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  1894. — On  certain  grass-eating  insects: 
A  synopsis  of  the  species  of  Crambus  of  the  Ithaca  fauna,  E.  P.  Felt. 

•  figs.,  14  pis. 

19.  BIOLOGIA  CENTRALI-AMERICANA.     Part  cxiv.      London,  January, 
1894. — Arachnida  Araneidea,  pp.  121-136,  O.  P.  Cambridge.    Coleoptera, 
vol.  vi,  pt.  2,  pp.  165-180,  pi.  v,  G.  C.  Champion;  vol.  vii,  pp.  177-192,  pi. 
x,  H.  S.  Gorham.     Hymenoptera,  vol.  ii,  pi.  xii.     Lepidoptera  Rlu.pal- 
ocera,  vol.  ii,  pp.  329-352,  pis.  Ixxvii-lxxviii,  F.  D.  Godmanand  O.  Salvin. 
Orthoptera,  pp.  105-128,  pi.  vi,  H.  de  Saussure  and  L.  Zehnter.— Part  cxv. 
February,  1894.     Coleoptera,  vol.  vi,   pt.  2,  pis.  vi,  vii.     Hymenoptera, 
vol.  ii,  pp.  257-304,  P.  Cameron.     Lepidoptera  Rhopalocera,  vol.  ii,  pis. 
Ixxix,  Ixxx.     Orthoptera,  pp.   129-160,   pi.   vii,    H.   de  Saussure  and  L. 
Zehnter. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 

20.  THE  BOTANICAL  GAZETTE.    Madison,  Wis.,  March,  1894.    Flowers 
and  insects — xii,  C.  Robertson. 

21.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  TRINIDAD  FIELD  NATURALISTS'  CLUB,  i,  12.    Port 
of  Spain,  February,  1894. — Notes  on  some  Trinidad  Coccidse,  T.  D.  A. 
Cockerell.     A  check  list  of  the  Coccidse  of  the  neotropical  region,  id. 

22.  THE  CANADIAN   ENTOMOLOGIST.       London,    Ont.,    March,    1894, 
Notes  on  "  A  revision  of  the  genus  Oeneis  (Chionobas)"  by  Henry  J.  Ehves, 
etc.  and  James  Edwards  (Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.  1893,  pt.  iv,  December),. 
\V.  H.  Edwards.    Preparatory  stages  of  Laphygma  flavimaculata  Harv., 
and  other  notes,  H.  G.  Dyar.     Three  new  West  African  moths,  G.  A. 
Ehrmann.     New  North  American  Trypetidse,   D.   W.  Coquillett.      The- 
Odonata  of  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  N.  Banks.     Notes  on  nocturnal  Lepidoptera, 
A.  R.  Grote.     A  tetratological  trio,  W.  H.  Harrington,  figs.     The  Coc- 
cinellidae  of  Dodge  County,  Wisconsin,  W.  E.  Snyder.     Winter  habits 
of  some  Colorado  Proctotrypidse,  C.  F.  Baker.     Concerning  Calotarsa 
ornatipes  Townsend,  N.  Banks.— April,  1894.    New  North  American  Ho- 
moptera — vii,  E.  P.  Van  Duzee.     The  life-history  of  Rivula  propinqualis 
Gn.,  E.  P.  Felt,  figs.     Notes  on  the  life-history  of  Argyria  viva/is  Drmy, 
id.     Preparatory  stages  of  Catocala  retecta  Grote,  G.  H.  French.    Notes- 
on  Pieris  and  Anthocharis,  H.  G.  Dyar,   figs.      Notes  on  Parnassius 
clodius,  ].  B.  Lembert.     Notes  on  the  proposed  new  genus  Calotarsa,  C, 
H.  T.  Townsend.    Notes  on  nocturnal  Lepidoptera,  A.  R.  Grote.    North 
American  Thysanura — v,  A.  D.  Macgilhvray.     Genera  of  Thysdnura,  T. 
D.  A.  Cockerell.     Calotarsa  ornatipes,  S.  W.  Williston. 

23.  ANNALES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  ENTOMOLOGIQUE  DE  BELGIQUE,  xxxviii, 
2.     Brussels,  February,  1894.     List  of  the  Anthicidse  described  since  the 
catalogues  of  MM.  Gemminger  and  Harold  (1870-1893),  M.  Pic. 

24.  ANNALI  DEL  MUSEO  Civico  DI  STORIA  NATURALE  DI  GENOVA  (2), 
xiii,  1893. — Revision  of  the  system  of  the  Orthoptera  and  description  of 
the  species  brought  by  M.  Leonardo  Fea  from  Burmah,  C.  Brunner  de 
Wattemvyl,  6  pis. 

25.  ANNALEN  DES  K.  K.  NATURHISTORISCHEN  HOFMUSEUMS,  viii,  2, 
Vienna,  1893. — New  species  of  the  genus  Gorytes  Latr.  (Hymenoptera), 
A.  Handlirsch. — 3  and  4.     On  Ampule  x  Jur.  (s.  1.)  and  the  closely-allied 
Hymt-nopterous  genera,  F.  F.  Kohl,  3  pis. 

26.  BULLETIN  DE  LA  SOCIETE  D'HISTOIRE  NATURELLE  DE  TOULOUSE, 
xxvii,  January-March,  1893. — On  an  acarine  (Psorergates  simplex  Tyr- 
rell) of  the  mouse,  G.  Neumann. 

27.  ATTI  DELLA  R.  ACCADEMIA  DELLE  SCIENZE  DI  TORINO,  XXviii,  93,. 

1892-93.— On  contractions  of  the  striated  muscles  and  the  movements  of 
Boinl>y.\-  tnori,  Dr.  M.  L.  Patrizi,  figs. — ua.  Observations  on  the  move- 
ments and  respiratory  muscles  of  the  thorax  of  Coleoptera,  L.  Camerano. 


152  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

28.  MEMORIE  DELLA  R.  ACCADEMIA  DELLE  SCIENZE  DI  TORINO  (2), 
xliii,  1893.— Diptera  of  Mexico — part  i.  Stratiomyidae-Syrphida?;  part  ii. 
Syrphidae-Conopidse-Pipunculidae,  Dr.  E.  Giglio-Tos,  2  pis.     Researches 
on  the  absolute  force  of  the  muscles  of  insects — flexor  muscles  of  the 
mandibles  of  Coleoptera,  L.  Camerano. 

29.  SCIENCE.    New  York,  Feb.  23,  1894. — Chilopoda  migrating  in  broad 
daylight,  F.  C.  Kenyon.     Rope  of  maggots,  F.  M.  Webster. 

30.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.     London,  March  15,  1894. — The 
life-history  of  a  Lepidopterous  insect,  comprising  some  account  of  its 
morphology  and  physiology,  J.  W.  Tutt.     Glimpses  at  American  ento- 
mology, Ed. 

31.  JOURNAL  DE  L'ANATOMIE  ET  DE  LA  PHYSIOLOGIE,  xxx,  i.     Paris, 
January-February,  1894. — Note  on  a  large  marine  species  of  Bdella  orig- 
inally from  Iceland,  Dr.  E.  Trouessart,  i  fig. 

32.  FOREST  LEAVES,  iv,  8.    Philadelphia,  April,  1894. — The  gypsy  moth 
in  Massachusetts. 

33.  ZOE,  iv,  4.     San  Francisco,  March,  1894. — Notes  on  Lepidopterous 
larvae,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.     Chariessa  lemberti,  J.  J.  Rivers. 

34.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893,  pp.  467-551  ;  1894. — The  North  American  Larridae,  W.  J. 
Fox. 

35.  BULLETIN  OF  THE  U.  S.  GEOLOGICAL  SURVEY.     No.  101. — Insect 
fauna  of  the  Rhode  Island  coal  field,  S.  H.  Scudder,  Washington,  1893, 
2  pis. 

36.  NINTH  REPORT  on  the  Injurious  and  other  Insects  of  the  State  of 
New  York  for  the  year  1892.     By  J.  A.  Lintner,  Ph.D.,  State  entomolo- 
gist (46th  report  N.  Y.  State  Museum,  pp.  291-495),  Albany,  1893. 

37.  REVUE  BIOLOGIQUE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE  (6),  6.     Lille,  March, 
1894. — On  some  Arthropods  found  in  formicaries,  R.  Moniez,  figs. 

38.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  YORK   ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  ii,    i, 
March,  1894. — A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Bombyces  of  America  north 
of  Mexico,  B.  Neumoegen  and  H.  G.  Dyar.    Notes  on  Lepidoptera  found 
on  Vancouver  Island,  W.  H.  Danby.     The  larva  and  pupa  of  Eucaterva 
variaria  Grt.,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.    The  seventeen-year  Cicada  on  Staten 
Island,  W.  T.  Davis.     The  Phalangida  of  New  York,  N.  Banks.     List  of 
the  Coleoptera  of  Northeastern  America,  with  special  reference  to  the 
fauna  of  New  York  City  and  vicinity,  C.  W.  Leng  and  W.  Beutenmiiller. 

39.  WEST  VIRGINIA  AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION.     Bulletin 
No.  36.     Morgantown,  W.  Va.,  February,   1894. — Black  holes  in  wood, 
A.  D.  Hopkins. — No.  35.     Defects  in  wood  caused  by  insects,  id.,  figs. 

40.  LE  NATURALISTE  CANADIEN.     Chicoutimi,  Quebec,  March,  1894. 
— L'abbe"  Provancher,  biographical  notice  (portrait),  Y.  A.  Huard. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  153 

INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  *  denotes  new 
North  American  forms. 


THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Webster  6,  13,  Kunze  12,  Stiles  14,  Gregson  17,  Greening  17,  Robertson 
20,  Tutt  30,  Lintner  36,  Hopkins  39,  Huard  40. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Cockerell  i,  Philipp  i,  Michael  7,  Banks  9*,  38,  Marx  14  (two),  Cam- 
bridge 19*,  Neumann  26,  Truessart  31  (Bdella  sanguined*  N.  J.  ?),  Scud- 
der 35*,  Moniez  37  (Lce/aps  similis*  D.  C.). 

MYRIAPODA. 
Kenyon  29,  Moniez  37. 

THYSANURA. 
Macgillivray  22,  Cockerell  22,  Moniez  37  (Entoinobrya  dissiimlis*  D.  C.). 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Blatchley  6  (two),  Morse  9,  de  Saussure  and  Zehnter  19  (two)  (Blattidce*, 
Mantidae*),  B.  von  Wattenwyl  24,  Scudder  35*. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Fletcher  4,  Banks  22,  Scudder  35*. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Highfield  3,  Scudder  8,  Townsend  14,  Riley  14,  Cockerell  21*  (two), 
Van  Duzee  22*,  Davis  38. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Hubbard  14  (B.  californica*  Calif.),  Schwarz  14  (three)  (Crypturgns 
a/utaceus*  Fla.,  Md.  Anchoniusfloridanus*,  Loganius  jicus*  Fla.),  Riley 
14,  Champion  19  (Cassididar*),  Gorham  19  (Coccinellidoe*),  Harrington 
22,  Snyder  22,  Pic  23,  Camerano  27,  28,  Rivers  33*,  Leng  and  Beuten- 
miiller  38,  Hopkins  39  (Carthylns  columbianus*  \Y.  Va.). 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Carrington  2,  Hancock  3,  Fritze  5,  Holland  9  (two),  Soule  9,  French  1 1 
{Pseudaglossa  forbesii*,  Pallachira  hartii*  111.),  22,  Benton  14,  Peytou- 
reau  16,  Tutt  17,  30,  Felt  18,  22  (two),  Godman  and  Salvin  19  (Hesper- 
idce*),  Edwards  22,  Dyar  22  (two),  Ehrmann  22,  Grote  22  (two),  Lembert 
22,  Patrizi  27,  Anon.  32,  Townsend  33,  38,  Neumoegen  and  Dyar  38,  Danby 
38. 


154  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [May, 

DIPTERA. 

Coquillett  22*,  Banks  22,  Townsend  22,  Williston  22,  Giglio-Tos  28*, 
Webster  29. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

v.  Rath  5,  Webster  6,  Ashmead  9  (two),  14  (four)  (Centrodora  clisio- 
canipce*  Fla.,  Spalangiinae*,  Taxoneura*,  Pachylommatoideae*),  Dalla 
Torre  and  Friese  10,  Howard  14,  Benton  14,  Patton  14  (Pepsis*  Calif.),. 
Bordas  16  (two),  Baker  22,  Handlirsch  25*,  Kohl  25*,  Fox  34*,  Cameron. 
19  (My sine*,  Mutilla*}. 


Th.e  Entornplogica.1  Section. 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


MARCH  22,   1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  Geo.  H.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  E.  T.  Cresson,  G.  B.  Cresson,  Calvert,  Ridings,  Laurent,  Skinner. 
Johnson  and  Liebeck.  Associate:  Fox.  Dr.  Skinner  explained  a  method 
of  dissolving  grease  from  specimens.  Instead  of  wedging  a  piece  of  cork 
in  the  bottom  of  a  jar  or  glass,  the  insect  is  pinned  on  a  piece  of  sheet 
cork  and  the  cork  then  floated  with  the  insect  downward  in  the  gasoline 
or  other  liquid  used.  Dr.  Horn  described  a  similar  method.  Mr.  Calvert 
said  that  benzine  dissolved  the  powdery  substance  found  on  dragonflies, 
and  that  alcohol  did  not,  so  that  he  preferred  the  latter  for  some  speci- 
mens. Dr.  Horn  exhibited  a  photographic  negative  of  a  curious  beetle 
from  Lower  California,  which  he  had  recognized  as  probably  new.  He 
afterwards  found  that  it  had  been  described  by  Bates  as  a  Longicorn,  but 
belongs  to  the  Rhipiceridae,  and  is  known  as  Vesperoctenus flohri  Bates. 
Mr.  Fox  called  attention  to  a  bee  of  the  genus  Oxtza  from  Lower  Cali- 
fornia. He  stated  that  the  genus  Oxcsa  had  been  heretofore  restricted 
to  South  America,  and'  that  the  species  exhibited,  which  was  new,  was 
most  closely  related  to  an  undescribed  form  from  Brazil.  But  three  spe- 
cies of  the  genus  had  been  described,  and  none  had  been  described  since 
1865.  HENRY  SKINNER,  Recorder. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  155 

Synonymical  Notes  on  some  North  American  Tettigonids. 

By  E.   P.  VAN  DUZEE,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Among  the  numerous  species  of  Tettigonia  described  by  Mr.. 
Walker  in  his  "  List  of  the  Homopterous  Insects  in  the  British 
Museum"  appear  many  North  American  forms  from  the  United 
States  and  Canada.  Most  of  these  are  but  redescriptions  of  spe- 
cies already  characterized  by  earlier  authors  or  by  Mr.  Walker 
himself  in  preceding  pages  of  the  same  volume. 

Recently,  in  working  over  the  material  in  my  collection,  I  have 
been  able  to  settle,  to  my  satisfaction,  the  synonymy  of  a  few  of 
his  doubtful  species,  which  I  will  give  here  with  -some  corrections 
from  other  authors  that  may  be  of  interest  to  American  students 
of  these  insects.  Most  of  these  species  have  already  been  located 
by  Signoret,  Stal  and  others,  but  some  of  their  corrections  were 
erroneous  and  must  be  changed.  The  following  notes  will  help 
to  show  the  utter  worthlessness  of  Walker's  descriptive  work. 
Probably  no  man  ever  described  so  many  species  of  insects  in  all 
orders,  and  certainly  no  one  ever  did  such  careless  and  unreliable 
work. 

The  following  are  the  species  of  Tettigonia  accredited  by  Walker 
to  North  America  with  their  synonymy.  The  pages  refer  to  pt. 
iii  of  his  "  List."  The  numbers  prefixed  are  the  serial  numbers 
of  the  species  in  his  work: 

82.    T.  rubriguttata  p.  763. 

Signoret  places  this  as  a  synonym  of  T.  sanguinolenta  Fabr. , 
which  Stal  refers  to  genus  Diedrocephala  Spin. 

84.    T.  teliformis  p.  764. 

This  is  Diedrocephala  coccinea  Forst. 
92.  T.  prasina  p.  768. 

Is  our  common  Diedrocephala  novteboracensis  Fitch. 
95.    T.  herbida  p.  769. 

This  is  Helochara  communis  Fitch.  Walker,  in  1852,  placed 
this  as  a  synonym  of  H.  communis,  but  Signoret  the  next  year 
separated  it  as  distinct,  and  placed  Walker's  next  species,  similis, 
as  identical  with  Fitch's  communis,  thus  reversing  these  forms. 
Then,  in  1858,  Walker,  evidently  not  recognizing  his  own  spe- 
cies, adopted  Signoret1  s  arrangement,  which  seems  to  have  been, 
followed  by  all  later  students.  T.  similis  is,  however,  a  very 
distinct  species  inhabiting  the  West  Indies.  Helochara  communis, 


156  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

of  which  T.  herbida  Walk,  is  a  synonym,  has  a  wide  distribution 
in  the  United  States  and  Canada,  extending  south  to  Florida  and 
Mississippi,  west  at  least  to  the  Rocky  Mountains  and  north  to 
British  Columbia  and  Quebec. 

In  1887,  Mr.  C.  W.  Woodworth  described  a  species  of  Tetti- 
gonia  from  Illinois  as  T.  similis.  If  his  species  proves  distinct 
from  T.  hieroglyphica  Say,  which  I  doubt,  its  name  will  have  to 
be  changed. 

97.  T.  tenella  p.  770. 

This  is  Tettigonia  bifida  Say. 

98.  T.  innotata  p.  770. 

Signoret  identifies  this  with  Diedrocephala  mollipes  Say. 

99.  T.  angulifera  p.  771. 

This  is  a  good  species,  and  not  a  variety  of  D.  mollipes,  as 
suggested  by  Signoret.  I  have  examined  specimens  from  New 
York  and  Kansas.  It  belongs  to  genus  Diedrocephala  Spin. 

100.  T.  antica  p.  771. 

Signoret  places  this  as  a  synonym  of  T.  angulifera.  It  may 
represent  the  male  of  Diedrocephala  mollipes  Say. 

101.  T.  minor  p.  772. 

102.  T.  producta  p.  772. 

The  latter  name  I  have  employed  to  designate  the  smaller  me- 
lanic  form  or  race  of  Diedrocephala  mollipes  Say.  Its  characters 
are  probably  of  less  than  specific  value;  possibly  it  should  not  be 
considered  a  distinct  variety  even.  T.  minor  seems  to  be  an 
unusually  dark  form  of  this  variety. 

103.  T.  acuta  p.  773. 

This  is  a  synonym  of  Diedrocephala  mollipes  Say. 

104.  T.  i-guttata  p.  773. 

A  good  species  from  Florida.  It  pertains  to  genus  Diedro- 
cephala Spin. 

105.  T.  4-plagiata  p.  774. 

Signoret  describes  this  as  a  good  species. 

107.  T.  striata  p.  775. 

Evidently  this  is  intended  for  Oncometopia  costalis  Fabr. 

108.  7.  lugens  p.  775,  and 

109.  T.  pyrrhotelus  p.  775. 

Signoret  places  these  as  synonyms  of  Oncometopia  costalis 
Fabr. ,  in  which  he  is  followed  by  Walker  in  his  Supplement. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  157 

no.    T.  nigrifascia  p.  776. 

This  and  the  two  following  are  placed  by  Signoret  as  synonyms 
of  T.  tripunctata  Fitch,  but  they  certainly  represent  a  distinct 
species  which  should  be  known  as  T.  nigrifascia  Walk.  This  is 
a  Mexican  form,  while  T.  tripunctata  Fitch  inhabits  most  of  the 
eastern  United  States. 

in.    T.  pallida  p.  776  and 

112.  T.  albida  p.  777. 

Are  synonyms  of  T.  nigrifascia  Walk. 

113.  T.  robusta  p.  777. 

This  is  T.  histrio  Fabr.  according  to  Dr.  Stal  (Hemip.  Fabr. 
ii,  p.  76).  It  has  been  recognized  by  Mr.  Uhler  from  the  West 
Indies  (see  ENT.  NEWS,  iii,  p.  60). 

115.    T.  uniguttata  p.  778. 

This  is  recognized  by  Signoret  as  a  distinct  species,  and  placed 
near  nigrifascia  Walk. 

67.    T.  badia  p.  756. 

This  species  I  have  been  unable  to  locate  satisfactorily.  Can 
it  be  a  Gypona,  perhaps  scarlatina  Fitch  ? 


-o- 


A  NEW  WAX-SCALE  FOUND  IN  JAMAICA. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex. 

Ceroplastes  albolineatus  n.  sp. — Scale  6  mm.  long,  pinkish  white,  plates 
indistinct,  two  conspicuous  ascending  white  lines  of  secretion  on  each  side. 
Wax  extremely  thick,  its  being  as  great  as  the  breadth  of  the  enclosed 
insect. 

Insect  free  from  wax,  3  mm.  long,  depressed,  showing  three  rather 
sharp  processes  on  each  side,  and  a  dorsal  hump.  The  "tail"  is  quite 
rudimentary. 

Derm  with  round  gland-spots,  only  moderately  numerous.  Antennae 
not  very  well  seen,  being  broken  ;  but  second  joint  broader  than  and  not 
so  long  as  third,  fourth  somewhat  longer  than  third,  first  and  second 
shaped  somewhat  alike,  but  first  of  course  larger  than  second. 

Legs  very  small,  pale  brown.  Femur  a  little  longer  than,  and  more 
than  twice  as  broad  as  tibia.  Tarsus  about  half  as  long  as  tibia;  tarsal 
knobbed  hairs  distinct,  with  large  knobs.  Claw  short;  digitules  of  claw 
very  large  and  stout,  extending  beyond  claw,  with  large  knobs. 

Food-plant;  not  identified.  With  the  twigs  on  which  the  scales 
occurred  were  sent  a  few  fragments  of  the  leaves,  which  were 
green  above  and  pinkish  purple  below,  in  striking  contrast.  The 


158  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

fragments  of  twigs  boiled  with  the  scales  in  caustic  soda  gave  a 
very  fine  madder  color. 

Locality;  Kingston,  Jamaica  ;  received  from  Prof.  C.  H.  T. 
Townsend,  curator  of  the  Jamaica  Museum. 

The  food-plant  seems  to  be  some  ornamental  shrub,  and  as  I 
did  not  meet  with  the  scale  in  Jamaica,  I  infer  that  it  is  probably 
a  recent  introduction  from  some  other  tropical  locality.  The 
indistinctness  of  the  plates,  and  the  great  thickness  of  the  wax, 
is  in  great  contrast  to  C.  cirripediformis,  and  reminds  one  of 
C.  ceriferus.  From  this  latter  it  is  distinguished  not  only  by  its 
appearance,  but  by  the  rudimentary  condition  of  the  "tail." 
The  long  fourth  joint  of  the  antenna  in  C.  albolineatus  is  also 
peculiar  as  compared  with  other  species,  but  it  requires  to  be 
confirmed  in  specimens  with  better  antennae.  The  present  spe- 
cies resembles  C.  psidii  in  its  larger  digitules,  but  it  has  a  shorter 
•claw;  it  is  distinguished  from  psidii  at  once  by  the  absence  of 
the  external  markings  of  that  species.  From  C.  floridexsis  it 
differs  entirely  in  appearance,  and  is  also  much  larger;  from  C. 
depressus  it  is  distinguished  by  external  features  at  a  glance.  It 
cannot  be  C.  jamaicensis,  which,  though  very  imperfectly  de- 
scribed by  White,  has  distinct  plates  after  the  manner  of  C.  cir- 
ripediformis. From  the  remaining  described  species  of  Cero- 
plastes  it  is  distinguished  by  characters  which  it  is  hardly  worth 
while  to  enumerate. 

A  specimen  has  been  sent  for  coll.  Amer.  Ent.  Society. 


-o- 


ON  SOME  PSELAPHID/E 

By  E.  BRENDEL.  M.D.,  Cedar  Rapids,  Iowa. 

There  is  before  me  a  Pselaphid  from  the  Dry  Tortugas,  which, 
according  to  A.  Raffray's  classification,  is  a  Bryaxis  of  a  very 
elongate  depressed  form,  resembling  in  outlines  the  European 
Trichonyx ;  but  by  comparing  the  figures  and  the  synoptical 
characters  given  by  Raffray,  it  seems  to  claim  a  place  near  the 
Australian  genus  Briara  Reitter.  I  give  a  description  of  it : 

BRIAR  AXIS  Brendel. 

Tarsi  with  one  claw,  trochanters  obliquely  inserted  into  the 
femora,  posterior  coxae  not  conical,  not  prominent,  with  their 
mutual  distance  equaling  twice  the  thickness  of  the  femur;  infe- 


\K\VS.    Vol.    V. 


I'i.  V. 


See  page  158. 


PSELAPHID/E  i.Brendel). 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  159 

rior  surface  of  the  head  convex,  with  a  faint  medial  carina;  pro- 
sternum  convex,  not  carinate;  mesosternum  short,  narrow  between 
the  globiHar  coxae;  metasternum  very  large,  longitudinally  stil- 
cate,  densely  punctate;  the  second  ventral  as  long  as  the 'two 
adjoining  segments. 

Briaraxis  depressa  n.  sp. — Depressed,  dark  ferruginous,  pubescence 
fine,  sericeous,  punctate  throughout.  Length  1.15  mm. 

Head  behind  the  eyes  one-half  wider  than  the  front,  vertex  flat,  with 
four  small  nude  fovese,  two  near  the  frontal  margin,  connected  by  a  faint 
transverse  line,  and  two  larger  ones  in  a  line  through  the  middle  of  the 
•eyes;  occiput  triangularly  impressed.  Antennae  as  long  as  the  head  and 
prothorax,  joints  i,  2  and  3  subequal,  decreasing,  4  smaller,  5  larger,  equal 
to  3;  joints  6  and  7  equal  to  4,  all  longer  than  wide,  obconical;  8  quad- 
rate; 9  little  longer,  transverse,  as  wide  as  2;  10  one-fourth  wider,  as  long 
as  2;  the  last  ovoid,  not  acuminate,  one-half  longer  than  wide.  Sides  of 
the  prothorax  rounded  (not  edged);  disc  broadly  convex,  widest  through 
the  anterior  third,  where  the  outlines  are  evenly  arcuate,  thence  almost 
straight  to  the  neck  and  the  base;  the  lateral  pubescent  foveae  situated  in 
a  shallow  ample  depression,  the  medial  one  nearer  the  base,  small,  pro- 
longed forward  as  a  shallow,  ill-defined  medial  depression.  Elytra  de- 
pressed, widest  near  the  posterior  angles  and  one-third  wider  than  the 
shoulder  width,  and  but  little  wider  than  the  length  of  the  suture;  base 
trifoveate,  the  outer  fovea  large,  with  a  discal  line  on  third  of  the  elytral 
length.  Abdomen  without  basal  carinae,  border  rather  narrow,  the  seg- 
ments subequal  in  length. 

Dry  Tortugas. 

Bryaxis  i Reichenbachia i  arthritica  n.  sp. — Impunctate,  brownish  red, 
pubescence  short,  inconspicuous.  Length  1.4  mm. 

Head  flat,  the  disc  from  the  front  to  the  base  one-third  longer  than  the 
basal  width,  very  slightly  narrower  on  the  front ;  eyes  prominent,  foveaa 
equidistant,  the  frontal  foveae  situated  in  a  transverse  impression,  the  lat- 
eral ones  not  more  than  their  own  diameter  from  the  eye.  Prothorax 
convex,  so  that  the  lateral  foveae  appear  from  above  as  ellipses.  Elytra 
si  miewhat  alutaceous,  with  three  basal  foveae.  Abdominal  basal  carinae 
divergent,  one-half  the  length  of  the  segment,  and  one-third  as  distant  as 
the  total  width.  Ventrals  without  sexual  marks. 

-Antennae  compressed  from  side  to  side,  very  irregular,  not  one 
joint  like  the  other  (PI.  v,  fig.  7).  Intermediate  trochanters  armed  with 
a  blunt  thorn. 

San  Obispo,  Cal.  (Carl  Fuchs). 

Ctenisis  dispar  Sharp. 

In  a  recent  paper  in  the  "Transactions"  of  the  American  En- 
tomological Society  (xx,  p.  282)  I  mentioned  the  occurrence  of 
this  species  in  Arizona,  found  by  A.  Bolter. 


160  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 

Mr.  Casey  presumes  it  to  be  different  from  Ct.  dispar.  His 
description,  except  the  color,  tallies  exactly  with  Sharp's  descrip- 
tion and  the  figure  in  the  "  Biologia  Centrali- Americana,"  and 
with  my  Mexican  specimens,  which  have  come  to  me  from  the 
hands  of  A.  Raffray.  Bolter's  specimen  is  a  female,  and  my 
male  specimen  differ  slightly  in  the  length  of  the  eighth  antennal 
joint,  which  Casey  pounces  upon  to  honor  friend  Raffray  with  a 
doubtful  n.  sp.  from  a  unique. 

Another  presumption  of  Casey  is  that  Bryaxis  perforata  Aube 
will  be  restored,  and  presumes  again  B.  perforata  Brend.  should 
be  named  B.  terebrata  Casey.  Casey,  I  think,  has  not  seen  a 
specimen  of  B.  perforata  Brend.,  but  describes  from  the  same 
locality  the  old  perforata  again  as  B.  intricata  Casey.  There  are 
several  other  presumptions  upon  which  Casey  founded  n.  g.  and 
n.  sp.  to  which  I  have  at  present  no  time  to  refer. 

I  give  on  Plate  V  figures  of  the  above  described  species  and 
of  some  South  American  forms,  which  may  interest  somebody. 


EXPLANATION   OF   PLATE   V. 


Fig.  i.  Metopioxis  gladiator  Reitter.    Brazil. 

"  2.  Rhexius  braziliensis  Schauf.     Brazil. 

"  3.  Rhinocepsis  gracilis  Schauf.     Amazons. 

"  4.  Jubus  tetratomus  Reitter.     Venezuela. 

"  5.   Goniacerus  simonis  Raffray.     Venezuela. 

"m  6.  Briaraxis  depressa  Brendel.     Dry  Tortugas. 

"  7.  Antenna  of  Bryaxis  arthritica  Brendel;  a,  upper  view;  b,  side  view. 


OBITUARY. 

EDWARD  NORTON  died  at  his  home  in  Farmington,  Conn.,  on  April  8, 
1894,  of  pneumonia,  aged  70  years.  He  was  an  authority  in  Hymenop- 
tera.  A  more  extended  notice  will  be  given  in  the  near  future. 

In  Karnter,  on  January  nth  of  this  year,  EMANUEL  LIEGEL.  He  was 
born  April  5,  1859,  an<^  interested  in  Coleoptera  and  Hymenoptera,  on 
which  subjects  he  published  several  articles,  and  at  the  time  of  his  death 
had  just  completed  the  manuscript  of  a  Fauna  Carinthiaca. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  April  was  mailed  March  30,  1894. 


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ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

VOL.  v.  JUNE,   1894.  No.  6. 


CONTENTS: 


Edward  Norton,  biographical  sketch  of  161 

Baker — Michigan  Araneae. 163 

Snyder — Collecting  in  Utah 164 

Davidson — Parasites  of  wild  bees 170 

Cockerell — Habits  of  some  Asilidae 173 


Notes  and  News 185. 

Entomological  Literature 187 

Entomological  Section 193 

Brendel— Corrections  in  Pselaphidse 194 

Williston — Am.  gen.  of  Sapromyzinas...  196 


White— Collecting  in  Prospect  Park......  174       Slosson— Hyparpax  var.  tyria 198- 

Boerner — An  early  Spring  trip 175       Dyar— A  new  form  of  Pagara 198 


Rowley — Sphinges  of  Missouri 176 

Banks — Neuropteroid  insects  of  Kansas  178 

Editorial 181 

Economic  Entomology 182 


Klaares — Variety  of  Euphoria 198 

Cockerell— New  Hymenoptera. „...  199 

Fox — Fossorial  Hymenoptera 201 

Cockerell— New  Coccidae 203 


EDWARD  NORTON. 

Mr.  EDWARD  NORTON  died  April  8,  1894,  at  his  home  in 
Farmington,  Conn.,  aged  70  years,  of  pneumonia.  He  was 
born  in  Albany,  N.  Y. ,  in  1823,  his  father  being  John  Treadwell 
Norton,  of  honored  memory.  After  graduating  from  Yale,  in 
1844,  he  traveled  in  Europe,  and  spent  several  Winters  in  the 
South  to  ward  off  threatened  disease  of  the  lungs.  Agriculture 
became  to  him  a  fine  art,  to  which  he  devoted  a  singularly  intel- 
ligent and  well-trained  mind.  He  became  interested  in  fine 
grades  of  cattle,  and  was  widely  known  for  his  enterprise  and 
skill  in  this  department  of  farming  industry.  For  many  years, 
and  until  the  time  of  his  death,  he  was  secretary  of  the  American 
Guernsey  Cattle  Club,  and  in  this  capacity  was  well  known  in 
different  parts  of  the  country,  and  was  an  acknowledged  authority 
regarding  this  valuable  kind  of  imported  stock. 

Mr.  NORTON  was  a  highly  intelligent  man;  his  mind  was  broad 
and  well  balanced,  and  he  loved  the  study  of  natural  history.  A 
friend,  in  a  letter,  says:  "  Mr.  Norton  was  a  public-spirited  man, 
cordially  interested  in  everything  that  promised  to  be  of  advan- 
tage to  the  community  in  which  he  lived;  he  \vas  a  man  of  sterling 


1 62  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

integrity,  just  and  true  in  all  his  business  relations,  ever  ready  to 
do  all  in  his  power  to  promote  the  welfare  and  happiness  of  his 
fellows,  not  only  in  larger  matters,  but  pre-eminently  in  little 
things — the  unobstrusive  things  that  make  up  so  much  of  life;  he 
was  friendly,  social  and  genial;  though  engaged  in  a  large  busi- 
ness he  always  found  leisure  for  his  friends;  he  was  a  Christian 
gentleman, -sincere,  openhearted  as  the  sunshine,  and  those  who 
knew  him  intimately  and  for  years  in  the  home  and  in  business, 
will  bear  witness  to  his  unvarying  purity,  uprightness  and  kind- 


ness.' 


Mr.  NORTON'S  favorite  branch  of  natural  science  was  Ento- 
mology, and  his  specialty  Phytophagous  Hymenoptera,  although 
he  was  well  versed  in  all  the  families  of  the  order.  Of  late  years 
his  business  pursuits  prevented  him  from  engaging  actively  in  the 
study,  but  the  work  done  was  well  done,  and  has  proved  of  great 
value  and  assistance  to  the  student,  notably  his>  admirable  and 
exhaustive  monograph  of  the  Saw-flies  of  North  America  pub- 
lished in  1867-69,  which  alone  has  earned  for  him  an  honored 
name  among  entomologists  and  made  him  an  authority  in  that 
family  of  Hymenoptera. 

Mr.  NORTON  has  named  and  described  upwards  of  250  species 
of  Hymenoptera,  new  to  science,  in  his  several  publications, 
among  which  are  the  following: 

On  the  Hymenoptera  of  the  genus  Allantus  in  the  United  States,  Bost. 
Jour.  Nat.  Hist,  vii,  236-260  (1860). 

Catalogue  of  several  genera  of  the  Tenthrediniclas  in  the  United  States, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  viii,  150-161  (1861). 

Notice  of  the  genus  Selandria ;  Descriptions  of  several  of  Harris' 
named  Tenthredinidae,  Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  viii,  219-224  (1861). 

Catalogue  of  American  species  of  Tenthredo  as  arranged  by  Hartig, 
Proc.  Bost.  Soc.  Nat.  Hist,  ix,  116-122  (1862). 

On  the  synonyms  of  Cinibe.r  americana,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil,  i,  201 
(1862). 

Notice  of  several  new  species  of  Tenthredinidae,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil, 
i,  143  (1862). 

A  description  of  several  new  Hymenoptera,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phil,  i, 
198-200  (1862). 

Catalogue  of  our  species  of  Ophion,  Anouialon  and  Cainpoplex,  Proc. 
Ent.  Soc.  Phil,  i,  357-368  (1863). 

Notes  on  Tenthredinidae,  with  descriptions  of  new  species,  Proc.  Ent. 
Soc.  Phil,  iii,  5-16  (1864). 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  163 

Catalogue  of  the  described  Tenthredinidae  and  Uroceridae  of  North 
America,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  i,  31,  193;  ii,  211,  321  (1867-69). 

Notes  on  Mexican  Ants,  Am.  Ent.  ii,  57-72;  descriptions  of  same, 
Comtn.  Proc.  Essex  Inst.  vi,  i-io,  figs.  (1868). 

Notes  on  North  American  Tenthredinidae,  with  descriptions  of  new 
species,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  iv,  77-86  (1872). 

Report  upon  the  collection  of  Formicidce  made  in  portions  of  Nevada, 
Utah,  Colorado,  New  Mexico  and  Arizona,  during  the  years  1872-74, 
Rep.  Wheeler  Expl.  v,  Zool.  729-736  (1875). 

On  the  Chrysides  of  North  America,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  vii,  233-242 
(1879)- 

At  the  time  of  his  death  Mr.  NORTON  was  a  corresponding 
member  of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  and  also  a 
member  of  several  other  scientific  bodies  at  home  and  abroad. 

NOTE. — The  portrait  of  Mr.  NORTON,  published  in  this  number  of  the 
NEWS,  is  from  an  amateur  photograph  (the  only  one  obtainable)  taken 
shortly  before  his  death,  and  kindly  sent  to  us  by  his  brother,  Col.  Charles 
L.  Norton,  of  New  York  City. 


-o- 


MICHIGAN  ARANE/E. 

By  C.  F.  BAKER,  Fort  Collins,  Col. 

A  large  part  of  the  species  recorded  in  the  following  list  were 
collected  by  myself  at  Agricultural  College,  Michigan.  All  avail- 
able records  from  other  sources  are  also  added,  as  follows  :  (i) 
specimens  collected  at  the  above  locality  by  Mr.  V.  H.  Lowe; 
(2)  records  sent  me  by  Mr.  Nathan  Banks;  (3)  one  record  in 
Marx's  Cat.  Araneae. 

The  species,  with  one  exception  (that  mentioned  by  Marx), 
were  determined  by  Mr.  Banks,  who  also  revised  the  list,  and 
added  the  synonymical  notes. 

Earn.  DRASSIDyE. 
Prosthesima  ecclesiastica  Hentz. 

Earn.  DICTYNID^E. 

Dictyna  volucripes  Keys.  Dictyna  volnpis  Keys. 

Amaiirobins  bcnnctti  Blaekvv.  (sylvestrts  Em.) 

Earn.  CLUBIONID/E. 
Clubiona  americana  Bks.  (oniata  Em.)        Clubiona  obesa  Hentz  [Marx.  ] 

Earn.  AGALENID/E. 
Agalena  ntzvia  Bosc.  [Banks.]  Cicurina  aimata  Keys. 


164  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

Fam.  THERIDID.E. 

Theridium  tepidariorum  Koch.  Theridium  spiralis  Em.  [Banks.] 

Steatoda  borealis  Hentz.  Lathrodectus  mactans  Fab. 

Stemonyphantes  bucculentus  Clerk.      Linyphia  marginata  Koch. 
Lophocarenum  florens  Cambr. 

Fam.  EPEIRID^E. 

Agriope  riparia  Em.  Epeira  displicata  Hentz. 

Epeira  gibberosa  Hentz.  Epeira  patagiata  Clerck. 

Epeira  insularis  Hentz  [Lowe].          Epeira  strix  Hentz  [Lowe]. 

Fam.  TETRAGNATHID^E. 

Tetragnatha  extensa  Linn.  Tetragnatha  laboriosa  Hentz. 

Eucta  straminea  Em.  [Banks]. 

Fam.  THOMISID^E. 

Afisumena  vatia  Clerk  [Lowe].  Misumena  georgina  Keys  [Loew]. 

Xysticus  gtilosus  Keys.  Coriachne  versicolor  Keys. 

Runcinia  aleatoria  Hentz.  Ebo  latithorax  Keys  [Banks]. 

Tibellus  oblongus  Walck.  Philodromus  alaskensis  Keys  (?). 


Fam.  L 
Ocyale  undata  Hentz.  Dolomedes  sexpntictatus  Hentz. 

Fam.  ATTID,E. 
Phidippus  tripunctatus  Hentz.  Dendryphantes  octavus  Hentz. 

Ergane  borealis  Blackw.  (Hasarius  hoyi  Peck.) 
Astia  vittata  Hentz.  Epiblemum  scenicum  Clerk. 

Icius  mitratus  Hentz  [Lowe].  PhilfEiis  milifarsis  Hentz  [Lowe]. 

Habrocestum  decorum  Blackw.  (sp/endeus  Peck.)  [Lowe]. 

Summary  :  genera,  33;  species,  41. 


-o- 


COLLECTING  IN  UTAH— Part  II. 

By  ARTHUR  J.  SNYDER. 

All  a-board  !  Yes,  so  our  seats  seemed  and  certainly  the  accom- 
modations were  not  the  best  in  the  world.  But  who  cares  for 
uncomfortable  seats  and  jolting  cars  when  the  trip  is  uphill  from 
an  elevation  of  4260  feet  to  one  of  7000  feet  in  a  distance  of  thirty- 
two  miles,  and  all  the  journey  through  indescribably  beautiful 

scenery  ? 

Much  of  the  road  from  Salt  Lake  City  to  Park  City,  Utah,  is 
beside  a  beautiful  dashing  mountain  stream.  On  that  June  even- 
ing we  passed  many  of  the  disciples  of  Isaac  Walton,  and  not 
seldom  glimpses  of  the  speckled  beauties  testified  as  to  the  suc- 
cess of  the  anglers. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  165 

Up,  Up,  Up  !  Pulled  on  our  way  for  a  time,  then  our  com- 
plaining- engine  becoming  weary,  changed  positions  and  pushed. 
Finally,  side-tracked,  we  were  given  an  opportunity  to  rest  and 
take  a  longer  look  at  the  mountains  while  awaiting  a  down  train. 

From  the  overhanging  bank  was  a  bush  of  the  snowberry  just 
in  the  height  of  its  beauty  and  covered  with  beautiful  pink  blos- 
soms, while  on  the  other  side  an  open  space  was  thickly  dotted 
with  the  purple  blossoms  of  Pentstemon. 

Bird-life  was  not  abundant  in  this  parfof  Utah,  but  a  dove 
flying  across  an  open  valley,  seemed  to  carry  my  thoughts  as  it 
passed  to  home  and  scenes  more  familiar.  A  dozen  species 
would  easily  cover  all  the  birds  I  noted  in  the  vicinity  of  Park 
City.  The  fat  grouud  squirrels  {Spermophilus  arivatiis)  startled 
by  the  train  would  hasten  to  a  safe  distance  and  watch  our  pas- 
sage with  interest,  while  a  tiny  chipmunk  would  occasionally  be 
seen  hastening,  as  for  life,  to  the  shelter  of  some  rock,  but  nearly 
always  stopping  to  look  back  and  utter  its  sharp  chirp  of  protest 
against  pursuit. 

At  7  o'clock  P.M.  we  were  in  Park  City,  a  town  with  one  street 
on  a  level  and  all  the  rest  either  up  or  downhill,  mostly  up,  sur- 
rounded by  mountains  on  all  sides  but  one,  and  there  a  narrow 
opening  to  the  east.  Great  snow  banks  still  lingered  on  the 
mountains  and  Winter's  icy  breath  was  plainly  felt  after  sunset. 
The  next  day,  June  24th,  dawned  bright  and  clear.  After  a  glorious 
night's  rest  in  the  mountain  atmosphere  one  was  fully  ready  to 
note  the  beauties  of  the  insect  world  and  realize  what  a  pleasant 
thing  it  is  to  live. 

"Going  a  fishing,  Mister?"  was  the  first  question.  "You 
won't  catch  many  trout  there,"  was  the  next  salutation  as  I  was 
following  the  course  of  an  irrigation  stream  and  making  numerous 
sweeps  with  my  net  for  the  butterflies  on  blossoms  near  the  bank. 
:'  Catching  grasshoppers  for  bait"?  was  the  third,  and  so  on,  but 
I  couldn't  stop  to  explain  and  satisfy  the  curiosity  of  all,  and  it's 
my  impression  that  many  of  the  people  remember  me  and  always 
will  as  an  easterner  who  "wasn't  quite  right."  The  young 
westerner  is  not  less  quick  to  see  a  bargain  or  to  make  money, 
however,  than  the  youth  of  older  States,  and  not  infrequent  were 
the  calls  made  at  my  boarding  house  by  boys  with  fruit  cans  full 
of  live  butterflies  which  they  wished  to  sell  to  the  collector. 
"Say,  mister,  here's  a  fine  one"!  some  young  naturalist  would 


l66  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

say,  as  a  rare  species  with  probably  two-thirds  or  one-half  of  its 
wings  remaining  was  handed  to  me.  All  collectors  know  the 
story  and,  I  am  sure,  feel,  as  I  did,  with  what  good  intents  these 
offers  were  made. 

During  my  stay  at  Park  City  four  localities  were  found  to  be 
especially  abundant  in  butterflies.  The  first  was  a  slightly  ele- 
vated level  pasture  which  was  irrigated  we'ekly  and  abounded  in 
Ccenonymphas,  Lyc&nas,  Argynnids,  Melittzas  and  one  species 
of  Satyrus.  Here  also  I  found  a  few  Chrysophanus,  Pamphilas, 
Limenitis,  Pyrgus,  tessellata  and  a  few  Noduids.  A  large  patch 
of  Mertensia  grew  at  one  side  of  this  field,  and  here  were  taken 
Melamorphia  ononis  and  Argynnis  epithore  var.  kreimhild. 
Numerous  other  flowers  were  abundant  along  the  edges  of  this 
field,  such  as  Aconitum  columbianum,  Aquilegia  ccerulea,  Po- 
tentila  gracilis,  Achillea  millefoli^lm,  Echinospermum  floribun- 
dum,  Mentha  canadensis  and  cnicus.  The  last  species  named 
proved  more  attractive  than  anything  discovered  for  Argynnis 
leto  and  Pamphila  manitoba.  Along  the  edges  of  the  water,  in 
lower  land,  were  clumps  of  willow,  the  resort  of  Limenitis 
weidemeyeiii.  In  the  water  were  Verona  americana,  a  blue-grass 
flower,  and  Mimulus  luteus. 

The  second  locality  extended  from  this  first  along  the  edges 
and  to  the  tops  of  some  high  mountains  to  the  southeast,  where 
Parnassus  smintheus  and  Chionobas  chryxus  were  abundant. 
Near  the  base  of  one  of  these  mountains  was  a  delightful  spring 
where  many  insects  congregated.  RfelitcEagabbi,  several  Lyc<znas, 
Pamphila  agricola,  Limenitis  weidemeyerii  and  a  Pholisora 
(possibly  new). 

A  trail  leading  to  the  top  of  one  of  these  high  mountains  was 
the  highway  of  several  species  of  butterflies,  but  especially  of  Pa- 
pilio  daunus.  These  great  beauties  were  continually  passing  up  and 
down  the  mountain.  Taking  a  position  beside  the  trail  one  day 
several  were  taken,  but  nearly  all  were  broken  either  by  the  stroke 
of  the  net  or  before  the  strong  wings  could  be  silenced  in  the  cya- 
nide jar.  Twice  I  succeeded  in  seeing  the  daunus  oviposit  on  the 
leaves  of  Prunus  virginiana.  On  the  first  occasion  one  fertile  egg- 
was  secured  and  the  second  time  three.  In  no  case  did  I  find  more 
than  two  eggs  on  the  same  leaf.  Later  in  the  season  two  larvae,  sup- 
posed to  be  daunus,  were  found  on  a  poplar  tree  near  my  window. 
These  are  worthy  a  more  extended  description,  and  I  hope  to 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  167 

write  up  their  life-history  later.  They  fed  heartily  and  were 
beauties  from  the  first.  Their  appearance  was  so  neat  and  trim 
and  the  coloration  and  shape  such  that  even  a  hater  of  '  worms" 
could  but  admire  these.  When  ready  to  start  home  neither  had 
pupated,  but  the  trip  was  made  in  a  jelly  glass  and  both  retained 
their  appetites  on  reaching  Illinois.  The  first  pupated  August 
28th,  and  the  second  September  8th.  The  first  chrysalis  is  i^$ 
in.  long,  in  every  way  resembling  P.  asterias,  color  gray,  with 
dark  band  along  each  side.  I  regret  that  I  cannot  give  the  time 
from  egg  to  pupa,  but  both  were  found  in  the  larvae  state,  the 
first  on  July  25th.  Female  daunus  confined  with  poplar  and 
chokecherry  leaves  failed  to  oviposit  even  after  repeated  trials. 
Along  the  trail  previously  mentioned  Anthocharis  ausonides  and 
Stella  were  quite  frequently  seen,  but  were  always  wary. 

On  an  open  table-land  covered  with  dwarf  poplars  and  a  wild 
gooseberry;  Grapta  zephynis  and  Nemeophilapetrosa,  were  found, 
but  only  three  of  the  former  and  one  of  the  latter.  Clisiocampa 
californica  was  an  abundant  species  and  very  destructive  to  the 
native  vegetation.  On  June  29th,  I  picked  at  least  a  pint  of  the 
cocoons  from  the  chokecherry  bushes  in  about  ten  minutes.  On 
the  tops  of  the  mountains  were  found  P.  smintheus  and  C. 
chryxus  in  abundance,  a  few  Papilio  zolicaon,  Pieris  occidentalis, 
Melitcea  nubigera,  Nisoniades  lucillus,  and  a  Papilio  resembling 
ajax  in  general  appearance,  but  larger. 

The  plants  on  and  near  the  tops  of  the  mountains  were  of  two 
species,  Leduin  debile  and  wrightii.  These  moss-like  plants, 
growing  on  the  rocky  hill-sides,  where  nothing  else  could  obtain 
a  foothold  in  the  barren  soil,  were  often  eaten  close  to  the  ground 
by  the  larvae  of  Parnassius  smintheus.  Frequent  and  continued 
search  and  digging  revealed  a  very  few  larvae  and  three  empty 
pupae  cases.  This  led  me  to  think  that  I  searched  in  the  wrong 
season.  A  female  smintheus  confined  with  a  transplanted  plant 
of  Ledum  oviposited  two  eggs  which  proved  to  be  not  fertile. 

On  June  3Oth,  a  trip  was  made  six  miles  to  the  south  and  three 
notes  concerning  it  seem  worthy  of  mention.  Near  the  bare  top 
of  a  high  mountain,  probably  9000  feet  elevation,  a  perfect  swarm 
of  Melicleptria  villosa  was  discovered.  On  the  level  rocky  top 
C.  chryxus  was  abundant,  and  could  be  easily  taken  by  working 
against  the  wind.  About  noon  while  sitting  down  to  put  some 
of  my  captures  in  papers,  hundreds  of  Cocdnella  passed  me 


168  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

going  with  the  wind.  It  was  a  new  experience,  and  never  before 
or  since  have  I  seen  this  insect  so  numerous.  On  two  occasions 
while  ascending  the  mountains  from  another  view,  large  numbers 
of  Cantharis  nuttallii  were  seen  moving  with  the  wind  and  taking 
short  flights  from  plant  to  plant. 

Returning  from  the  trip  mentioned  large  patches  of  Mertensia 
were  found,  and  by  watching  these  flowers  eight  Hemaris  bruceii 
were  taken.  Several  were  seen  on  other  days,  but  always  about 
the  Mertensia. 

The  third  locality  was  north  from  Park  City,  and  was  a  valley 
between  two  mountains  with  a  branch  running  east.  Here,  and 
on  the  level  top  of  one  of  the  side  mountains,  were  found  Argyn- 
nis  eg  Ids,  cornis  and  meadii ;  Lyctsnas  heteronea.  acmon  and 
stzpiolus ;  Theda  crysalus,  calif ornica  var.  and  behrii,  Satyrus 
charon,  Chrysophanus  rubidus  and  Pseudohazis  eglanterina  var. 
nuttallii,  (I  call  this  species  nuttallii  on  good  authority,  but  have 
had  three  different  names  for  the  variety)  The  typical  eglan- 
terina was  seen  through  July  and  early  August,  and  four  speci- 
mens were  taken.  This  form  of  eglanterina  appeared  later  and 
was  abundant  up  to  the  time  of  leaving,  August  igth.  A  tew  of 
another  variety  (a  white  form)  were  caught,  but  through  a  mis- 
take every  specimen  was  sent  to  other  parties  and  I  have  not  had 
a  name  for  it. 

The  fourth  location  was  the  valley  southwest  of  the  city  which 
contained  several  large  meadows  partly  under  water  with  a  stream 
running  through  and  numerous  clumps  of  willows.  Here  Argyn- 
nis  eurynome  (two  forms)  A.  leto,  myrina ;  Lyccenas  of  several 
species,  two  Pamphilas,  Colias  hagenii,  Vanessa  milbertii  and  a 
few  others  were  found. 

A  few  Coleoptera  were  taken,  but  at  present  cannot  give  names 
of  them.  The  beautiful  Odonata  were  common,  and  a  few  species 
were  taken,  one  of  which  proves  to  be  a  new  species.  Mr.  Cal- 
vert  had  a  description  of  the  male  in  manuscript,  but  had  not 
seen  the  female.  It  was  my  intention  to  give  at  the  close  a  list 
of  species  taken,  but  I  feel  that  already  I  have  used  too  much  of 
the  valuable  space  in  the  NEWS,  and  yet  have  not  been  able  to 
tell  half.  I  can  only  wish  that  my  entomological  friends  might 
all  have  as  enjoyable  an  excursion  and  try  collecting  in  the  West. 


THIS  number  contains  fourty-four  pages. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  169 

THE  BOLD  ROBBER  FLY  AND  THE  MANTIS. 

By  W.  A.  HARSHBARGER,  Topeka,  Kans. 

The  article  in  the  April  number  of  NEWS  on  "The  Bold  Rob- 
ber Fly"  recalls  a  battle  that  I  witnessed  last  September  between 
one  of  the  larger  species  of  Asilus  and  a  female  Mantis  (Stag- 
momantis  Carolina).  The  fight  occurred  on  a  small  tree  in  my 
yard  near  which  I  happened  to  be  standing.  The  fly  darted  into 
the  tree  and  instantly  set  up  a  great  buzzing  that  attracted  my 
attention.  The  Mantis  caught  the  fly  around  -the  thorax  with 
one  of  her  fore  legs  or  graspers,  and  a  regular  sparring  match 
ensued,  in  which  the  fly  seemed  to  use  its  feet  to  push  the  Mantis 
off.  The  long  body  and  legs  of  the  Mantis  gave  it  great  advan- 
tage in  avoiding  the  proboscis  of  the  fly,  but  when  it  attempted 
to  eat  any  part  of  the  fly  the  latter  would  prod  it,  so  that  it  had 
to  give  up.  Finally,  the  other  grasper  was  thrown  about  the  fly 
in  such  a  way  as  to  pinion  one  wing.  The  Mantis  then  slipped 
one  grasper  down  to  the  neck  of  the  fly,  and  while  in  this  posi- 
tion ate  off  its  proboscis.  She  next  turned  her  attention  to  the 
legs,  which  were  removed  one  by  one.  At  this  point  I  interfered, 
captured  the  Mantis,  and  meant  to  put  the  fly  out  of  misery,  but 
it  flew  away  from  me  minus  a  proboscis  and  four  legs.  The 
Mantis  was  placed  under  a  glass  and  fed  thirteen  house  flies  in 
succession.  This  occurred  at  noon.  At  night  a  male  Mantis 
was  placed  under  the  same  glass  and  in  the  morning  his  wings 
and  legs  alone  remained.  After  this  slight  repast  the  Mantis 
was  allowed  to  fast  a  day  and  a  half,  when  a  large  female  Acridium 
americanum  was  placed  under  the  glass.  At  once  a  battle  began. 
The  grasshopper  was  so  strong  and  heavy  that  the  fight  seemed 
uneven.  It  succeeded  in  kicking  and  scraping  the  Mantis  loose 
from  every  hold  that  it  got.  Finally,  the  Mantis  seized  one  of 
the  hopping  legs  and  began  to  eat  it  off  about  the  middle  of  the 
femur.  The  grasshopper  beat  itself  and  the  Mantis  violently 
against  the  glass,  but  the  latter  hung  on  until  it  gnawed  the  leg 
off,  when  it  loosed  it  hold,  fell  onto  its  back  and  expired. 
Whether  the  violent  exertions  of  the  grasshopper  killed  it  or  I 
starved  it  to  death,  I  cannot  sav. 


To  prove  that  the  clothes  he  sells  are  all  wool,  a  Ridge  Avenue  dealer 
shows  customers  the  moths  in  the  garments. 


170  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

ON  THE  PARASITES  OF  WILD  BEES  IN  CALIFORNIA. 

By  A.   DAVIDSON,   M.  D.,   Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

In  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  May,  1893,  I  recorded  the  para- 
sites I  had  found  affecting  the  Carpenter  bee,  Xylocopa  orpifex, 
and  in  the  further  investigation  of  parasitic  life  among  the  Hy- 
menoptera  I  have  bred  some  insects  the  record  of  which  may  be 
of  some  interest  : 

Photopsis  unicolor  Cress.  Four  specimens  of  this  species  were 
bred  from  cells  of  the  following  bees: 

No.  i,  from  cell  of  Anthidium  emarginatzim;  found  in  Septem- 
ber, 1892;  adult  issued  July  20,  1893. 

No.  2,  from  a  cell  of  Anthophora  sp.?  dug  from  a  soft  rock  in 
September,  1892;  hatched  July  2Oth,  1893. 

No.  3,  from  cell  of  the  same  species;  hatched  in  August,  1893. 

No.  4,  from  cell  of  Anthidium  emarginatum  ?  occupying  a  hole 
in  the  ground  ;  found  in  October,  1892;  hatched  Nov.  5,  1893. 

In  one  instance  no  cocoon  seems  to  have  been  formed;  those 
of  the  others  closely  resembled  cocoons  of  the  Anthophora  they 
infested.  The  larvae  of  the  bees  had  been  entirely  consumed. 

Argyramceba  cedipus,  Fabr.  From  the  cell  of  a  small  bee 
found  six  inches  deep  in  adobe  soil  this  bee-fly  appeared  on  July 
29.  The  parasite  had  evidently  attacked  the  larva  after  the  latter 
had  spun  its  cocoon;  and  while  in  the  pupa  stage  had,  after  the 
manner  of  its  tribe,  wriggled  itself  through  the  cocoon  and  then 
transformed. 

Leucopsis  sp.?  Three  of  these  Chalcids  were  hatched  from  the 
lower  cells  of  a  series  of  about  a  dozen  of  a  species  of  Anthidium 
in  August.  The  bee  cells  occupied  about  nine  inches  of  the  hol- 
low stem  of  an  Audibertia  polystachya  and  when  found  in  the 
previous  month  contained  only  the  three  parasites,  the  bees  and 
some  other  parasites  having  already  escaped.  The  parasites 
formed  no  cocoon  and  the  remains  of  the  nearly  full  grown  bee- 
larvae  were  easily  recognised  among  the  debris. 

One  of  the  most  common  Bumble  bees  of  this  section  is  the 
handsome  yellow-coated  Bombus  fervidus  Fabr.  Whether  its 
describer  named  this  insect  from  the  warmth  of  color  in  its  coat, 
or  for  reasons  associated  with  a  more  intimate  acquaintance  with 
its  habits  I  cannot  say,  but  at  all  events  the  name  suggests  the 
character  of  the  receptions  the  innocent  seeker  after  truth  is  likely 
to  experience.  These  insects  are  .especially  numerous  along  the 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  17 1 

sea-coasts,  their  nest  of  withered  grass  and  weeds  being  easily  dis- 
covered in  the  rush-like  vegetation  that  clothes  the  sandy  wastes. 

I  examined  a  few  of  their  nests  and  was  somewhat  surprised  by 
the  excessive  number  of  some  of  the  parasites  found  therein. 
The  most  abundant  species  was  a  Tachina-fly,  Brachycoma  david- 
soni  n.  sp.  Coquillett  (see  the  appended  description),  of  which 
there  were  literally  hundreds.  The  larvae,  about  half  an  inch 
long  when  full  grown,  is  very  active  and  voracious.  The  eggs  are 
originally  deposited  on  the  larvae  of  the  bee,  which  the  Tachinid 
larvae,  after  hatching  soon  consume,  and,  wandering  around, 
attack  other  larvae  or  penetrate  the  pupa-cells  and  devour  their 
contents.  I  placed  some  of  the  Brachycoma  larvae  in  a  glazed 
pasteboard  box  about  half  a  line  in  thickness,  and  the  next  day 
found  that  a  number  of  them  had  penetrated  the  sides  and  made 
their  exit;  so  the  ordinary  bee-cocoon  is  not  likely  to  seriously 
impede  their  progress.  In  a  few  instances  at  least  the  eggs  seem 
to  be  deposited  within  the  pupa-case,  as  I  have  found  as  many  as 
twelve  of  the  parasites  in  one  cell  and  with  no  evidence  of  a  point 
of  entrance;  nor  did  it  seem  possible  that  such  tiny  larvae,  appar- 
ently but  a  few  day's  old,  could  penetrate  the  tough  cocoon. 
Before  pupating  the  larvae  eats  its  way  through  the  cocoon  and, 
hiding  among  the  debris  near  the  ground  soon  transform.  Of 
these  parasites  but  few  were  observed  before  the  first  of  Septem- 
ber, when  the  approach  of  Winter  probably  lessened  the  activity 
of  the  bees.  During  the  latter  part  of  this  month  and  through- 
out the  remainder  of  the  season  some  of  the  nests  fairly  swarmed 
with  them.  The  majority  of  the  pupae  hatched  out  in  17  or  1 8 
days  after  transforming;  those  remaining  are,  now  March,  begin- 
ning to  produce  the  perfect  flies. 

Ephestia  kuehniella  Zeller.  The  Mediterranean  flour  moth 
larvae  are  found  along  with  those  of  the  firachycoma,  and  in  the 
majority  of  instances  are  quite  as  abundant.  I  have  not  observed 
them  attack  the  larvae  of  the  bee  and  presume  that  they  live  on 
the  bee-food,  since  late  in  the  Autumn,  when  the  bees  have  for- 
saken their  nests,  they  are  more  numerous  than  at  any  other  time. 
Of  those  found  at  this  season  some  hatch  out  in  the  Autumn,  but 
the  greater  number  remain  in  the  larva  state  until  the  following 
Spring. 

What  the  larvae  of  the  flour  moth  feeds  on  in  other  countries, 
or  whether  their  presence  in  the  nests  of  the  bumble  bee  is  here 


172  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

unusual  I  have  no  means  of  knowing,  but  if  it  proves  on  investi- 
gation that  their  normal  habitat  in  this  State  is  the  nest  of  the 
wild  bee  it  would  certainly  tend  to  support  the  belief  that  they 
are  indigenous.  Two  years  ago  one  of  the  mills  of  this  city  was 
reported  to  be  infested  by  this  moth,  but  as  my  investigations  do 
not  extend  beyond  that  date  I  am  unable  to  state  whether  or  not 
they  existed  prior  to  that  time. 

Mesostenus  thoracicus  Cresson.  Two  specimens  of  this  species 
were  bred  from  larvae  found  in  the  nest  of  Bombus  fervidus. 

Sarcomacronycha  tripoxylonis  Towns.  Six  of  these  Tachinids 
were  bred  from  the  cells  of  Sphe.x  elegans,  having  probably  fed 
on  the  tree  crickets,  CEecantJnis  niveus,  with  which  the  cells  were 
stored. 

Brachycoma  davidsoni  n.  sp.  Coquillett.— Proboscis  horny  and  rather 
slender,  labellas  small,  facial  ridges  bristly  on  less  than  their  lower  fourth, 
third  antennal  joint  one  and  two-thirds  times  as  long  as  the  second. 

cJ1. — Head  yellowish  white,  occiput  grayish  black,  frontal  vitta  deep 
brown,  at  middle  equal  to  one-third  width  of  front,  no  orbital  bristles, 
frontal  bristles  in  a  single  row,  extending  to  base  of  second  antennal  joint, 
sides  of  face  bare,  except  for  a  row  of  bristles  that  extend  to  the  cheeks  ; 
palpi  black,  only  slightly  thickened  at  the  tips ;  antennae  black,  three- 
fourths  as  long  as  the  face,  arista  thickened  on  its  basal  two-fifths,  the 
penultimate  joint  broader  than  long;  eyes  naked,  not  extending  as  low  as 
the  vibrissae;  cheeks  one-half  as  wide  as  height  of  eyes.  Thorax,  scutel- 
lum  and  abdomen  black,  apex  of  the  fourth  segment  broadly  and  the  geni- 
talia,  yellowish;  thorax  opaque,  gray  pollinose,  marked  with  three  median 
and  two  broad  lateral  black  vittae.  Scutellum  gray  pollinose,  bearing  a 
dorsal  and  three  marginal  pairs  of  macrochaetae.  Abdomen  opaque,  gray 
pollinose,  but  changing  to  blackish  in  different  lights,  first  segment  bear- 
ing two  lateral  macrochaetae  each  side,  second  segment  with  two  some- 
times scarcely  perceptible  dorso-marginal  and  four  lateral  macrochaetae, 
third  segment  with  a  marginal  row  of  twelve,  the  fourth  with  a  similiar 
row  of  fourteen  macrochaetae.  Legs  black,  tibiae  bearing  scattered  bristles, 
claws  and  pulvilli  very  elongate.  Wings  hyaline,  posterior  cross-vein 
sinuate,  at  last  fourth  of  distance  between  small  cross-vein  and  the  bend, 
the  latter  rectangular,  beyond  it  the  fourth  vein  is  very  convex  inwardly; 
third  vein  bristly  halfway  to  small  cross-vein.  Calypterae  pure  white,  knob 
of  halteres  yellowish. 

9 . — Ground  color  of  head  blackish,  frontal  vitta  only  one-fourth  width 
of  front,  three  or  four  orbital  bristles  each  side,  sides  of  face  bearing 
short  bristles  outside  of  the  regular  row  of  strong  bristles,  palpi  greatly 
dilated  at  the  apex,  claws  and  pulvilli  rather  short,  otherwise  as  in  the  <j\ 
Los  Angeles  County,  California.  Eight  males  and  eleven 
females,  bred  by  Dr.  A.  Davidson  from  larvae  found  feeding  upon 
those  of  Bombus  fervidus. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  173 

ON  THE  HABITS  OF  SOME  ASILID/E. 
By  T.  D.   A.   COCKERELL. 

The  article  in  the  April  NEWS,  on  the  "Bold  Robber  Fly," 
induces  me  to  send  you  the  following-  notes  on  Asilidae  which 
were  prepared  for  one  of  our  N.  Mex.  Station  Bulletins,  but 
crowded  out  in  publication.  All  the  observations  recorded  were 
made  between  Las  Cruces  and  the  Agricultural  College,  in  the 
Mesilla  Valley,  New  Mexico,  altitude  3800  feet. 

I  am  indebted  to  Messrs.  Coquillett  and  Johnson  for  the  iden- 
tification of  the  flies,  and  to  Mr.  Fox  for  reporting  on  the  Hy- 
menoptera  mentioned. 

Erax  dubius  Will. 
Erax  cinerascens  Bell. 

These  two  flies  belong  to  the  family  Asilidae,  the  species  of 
which  are  recognized  by  their  long  tapering  bodies  and  usually 
large  size.  Flies  of  this  family  prey  on  other  insects,  and  are 
often  to  be  accounted  useful,  but  unfortunately  they  also  prey  on 
one  another.  Both  the  above  species  were  taken  from  the  clutches 
of  other  Asilids:  Erax  dubius  from  a  large  kind  known  as  Proc- 
lacanthus  philadelphicus,  the  other  from  a  kind  not  identified. 
This  was  on  July  28th. 

Mallophora  fautrix  O.-S. 

A  fly  over  half  an  inch  in  length,  with  brown  wings,  face  with 
a  yellow  beard,  scutellum  and  abdomen  above  yellow,  thorax  and 
legs  black.  On  July  28th  one  was  taken,  which,  like  the  last 
two  species,  had  been  caught  and  killed  by  a  large  Asilid.  On 
August  5th,  however,  I  found  one  which  had  itself  caught  a  wasp 
{Odynerus  sp.  near  propinqwis}. 

Thus  it  appears  that  a  fly,  which  is  able  to  capture  and  kill 
wasps,  is  nevertheless  itself  liable  to  be  killed  by  another  fly. 
This  quite  reverses  one's  natural  idea  that  a  wasp,  with  its  sting 
and  hard  body,  would  be  superior  to  any  fly. 

On  July  2Sth  another  JMallophora  (which  Mr.  Johnson  says  is 
a  new  species,  unless  described  from  Mexico)  was  caught  with  a 
honey  bee  in  its  clutches. 

Proctacanthus  philadelphicus  Macq. 

A  large  Asilid  fly  over  an  inch  and  a  quarter  long.  As  related 
above,  one  was  found  preying  on  Erax.  On  July  28th  I  also 


174  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

took  one  which  had  caught  a  butterfly,  Synchlce  lacinia  var. 
crocale.  The  butterfly  is  the  parent  of  those  spiny  caterpillars 
which  so  abound  on  sunflowers  about  Las  Cruces. 

Proctacanthus  milbertii  Macq. 

A  large  fly  like  the  last.  On  August  I4th  one  was  found  which 
had  captured  a  wasp  {Bembex  sp.).  Dr.  Riley  has  recorded 
this  species  as  an  enemy  of  the  honey  bee. 

Promachus  princeps  Will. 

Another  Asilid  fly  which  Mr.  Johnson  says  was  only  known 
hitherto  from  the  State  of  Washington.  One  was  found  at  Las 
Cruces  on  July  8th,  it  had  captured  a  wasp  (  Odynerus  annnlatus). 


-o- 


COLLECTING  IN  PROSPECT  PARK,  BROOKLYN,  L.  I. 

By  H.  G.  WHITE. 

Living  close  to  this  beautiful  park  I  have  been  there  almost 
every  day  for  the  past  two  years  in  search  of  specimens  of  Le- 
pidoptera  for  my  collection.  I  have  searched  almost  every  nook 
and  corner,  and  have  been  well  rewarded  for  my  trouble.  Al- 
though being  situated  within  a  large  city,  there  are  more  things 
to  be  taken  there  than  many  collectors  may  think,  and  from  my 
own  observations  few  collectors  seem  to  care  to  visit  it,  for  within 
the  two  years  I  have  only  seen  three  others  besides  myself.  It 
may  interest  some  of  the  NEWS  readers  to  know  what  is  to  be 
found  within  its  grounds.  Upon  February  28th  of  this  year  I 
found  some  Vanessa  antiopa  flying  in  the  woods  where  they  had 
been  hibernating  this  Winter.  March  3d  I  took  some  Pieris 
rapte;  April  i2th,  two  Grapta  comma;  May  ist  took  the  first 
Colias  philodice;  May  6th,  one  Papilio  turmis,  which  is  early  for  ' 
this  locality;  May  yth  one  Eudamus  tityrus.  The  Zeuzcra  py- 
rina  or  &sculi  is  doing  its  awful  work  within  the  park,  and  all  over 
our  cities  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn.  Every  tree  within  the 
park  is  attacked  with  it,  except  the  resinous  ones.  It  seems  to 
me  a  great  pity  that  our  government  does  not  take  hold»of  this 
matter,  for  it  is  a  most  serious  one  indeed.  Then  again,  there  is 
a  field  for  an  entomologist  in  Prospect  Park,  as  in  Central  Park, 
New  York;  some  of  the  most  beautiful  trees  within  its  limits  are 
ruined  completely.  Last  season  I  managed  to  take  good  speci- 
mens of  the  following: 


1 894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


175 


Vanessa  antiopa 
milberti 
atalanta 
huntera 
cardui 

Grapta  comma 
progne 
j -album 
I.imenitis  Ursula 

disippus 
"        arthemis 
Junonia  ccenia 
Argynnis  idalia 
cybele 
myrina 
bellona 

Danais  archippus. 
Melitaea  phaeton 
harrisii 

Thecla  halesus 
favonius 
edwardsii 
"       smilacis 
niphon  . 
Lycaena  pseudargiolus 

comyntas 
Papilio  turnus 

philenor 
asterias 
troilus 
cresphontes 
Callidryas  eubule 
Colias  eurytheme 


Colias  philodice 
Pieris  rapce 
"      protodice 
"      oleracea 
Eudamus  tityrus 
cellus 
proteus 
Pamphila  zabulon 

leonardus 
peckius 

Hemaris  thysbe 
Thyreus  abbotii 
Amphion  nessus 
Deilephila  lineata 

gallii 

Chaerocampa  tersa 
Philampelus  pandorus 
achemon 
Protoparce  celeus 
Carolina 
rustica 
cingulata 
Sphinx  gordius 
"      chersis 
"      luscitiosa 
Smerinthus  geminatus 
Paonias  excaecatus 
myops 
astylus 

Cressonia  juglandis 
Sesia  acerni 

"     albicornis 
Utetheisa  bella 


Arctia  nais 

virgo 

Pyrrharctia  isabella 
Spilosoma  virginica 
Attacus  cecropia 

promethea 
angulifera 
Telea  polyphemus 
Samia  cynthia 
Actias  luna 
Hyperchiria  io 
Citheronia  regalis 
Eacles  imperialis 
Dryocampa  rubicunda 
Clisiocampa  americana 

'"          disstria 
Cossus  robinise 

querciperda 
Zeuzera  pyrina  or 

aesculi 

Ennomos  subsignaria 
Agrotis  baja 

bicarnea 
c-nigrum 
lubricans 
Plusia  asrea 
"      formosa 
simplex 

Catocala  insolabilis 
residua 
nebulosa 
ilia 
cerogama 


-o- 


AN  EARLY  SPRING  TRIP. 

By  CHAS.   R.   BOERNER,   Philadelphia,  Pa. 

On  March  i8th,  I  made  a  collecting  trip  to  Clementon,  Cam- 
den  County  N.  J.,  it  being  the  first  warm  day  of  the  year.  Insects 
were  scarce  as  yet,  but  I  managed  to  make  the  following  captures. 
It  was  my  intention  to  collect  water  beetles,  but  the  water  was 
too  cold,  as  only  eight  specimens  were  seen  in  about  an  hour's 
time.  Cicindela  purpurea,  vulgaris  and  re.panda  were  plentiful, 
but  of  pn.rpurea  I  only  caught  two  specimens.  Tachys  xanthopus 
and  T.  Jiavicauda  were  common,  the  former  running  along  the 


176  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [June, 

banks  of  the  lake,  and  the  latter  was  found  under  the  pine-bark. 
Agonoderus  pallipes  and  Bradycellus  rupestris  were  found  flying 
in  abundance.      I  was  in  hopes  of  securing  more  water  beetles, 
but  had  to  be  satisfied  with  six  specimens  of  Cnemidotus  edentulus, 
two  specimens  of   Ccelambus  dissimilus,  also. a  specimen  of   C. 
nubilis  ?  two  specimens  of  Hydroporus  obscurus,  five  specimens 
of  Gyrinus  analis,  a  specimen  of  G.  borealis,  Dineutes  assimilis 
and  Helophorus  lacustris,  two  specimens  each.     During  my  day's 
wanderings,  I  came  across  the  dead  body  of  a  dog,  which  proved 
a  harvest.     I  judge  (by  its  odor)  it  had  been  lying  there  about 
three  weeks.     Of  Silpha  inequalcE  and  S.  noveboracensis  there 
were   two   specimens  each  ;   Creophilus  villosus  two  specimens. 
Aleochara  lata  was  very  common,  in  fact  they  seemed  to  own  the 
carcass.      Oxyielus  sculptus,  four  specimens  ;  a  species  of  Lathro- 
bium,  also  a  species  of  Staphylind  undetermined.      Omosita  colon, 
Nitidula  ziczac,   N.  rufipes,  and  Aphodius  inquinalus,  were  all 
common.     I  found  on  the  body  two  specimens  of  Onthophagns 
tuberculifrons .     This  species  was  really  abundant,  but  at  a  hasty 
glance  I  took  it  for  O.  pennsyhanicus.     On  showing  it  to  Mr. 
Wenzel  he  determined  it  as  tubercidifrons.     He  was  surprised  at 
its  being  found  in  this  locality.      In  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith's  list  of 
"Insects  found  in  New  Jersey,"  Dr.  Hamilton  reports  that  he 
found    it  on  Brigantine    Beach.       In  the  droppings  of  a    horse 
Aphodius    inquinaius   was    found   plentifully,    while    Geotrnpes 
egeriei  was  found  in  one  specimen.     Under  the  pine-bark  I  found 
specimens  of  Elater  xanthomus.     This  is  recorded  in  the  New 
Jersey  list  as  one  of  the  rarest    Elaters  found  in  this    county. 
Rhagium  lineata  was  very  common  ;  one  peculiarity  about  the 
specimens  found  was  that  they  were  completely  covered  with  a 
parasite.      Cossonus:  concinnus  was  also  common,  but  most  of  the 
specimens  were  dead,  and  fell  apart  on  handling.     A  specimen 
of  Coxelus  guttulatus  and  a  species  of  Li/argus  were  also  found 
in  the  stump  of  an  old  tree.   ' 

o •• 

NOTES  ON  THE  SPHINGES  QF  MISSOURI. 
By  R.  R.  ROWLEY,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Daremma  undulosa. 

On  the  30th  of  August,  1886,  eight  larvae  of  this  species  were 
collected  by  Mr.  Ralph  Sweet  and  the  author  from  ash  bushes 
near  Curry  ville,  Mo.  These  were  all  well  grown  when  found  and 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  177 

were  from  three  to  three  and  a  half  inches  in  length  and  most  of 
them  of  a  light  whitish  or  yellowish  green  above  and  darker 
green  below.  Head  dark  green,  with  a  lateral  pink  or  flesh-col- 
ored stripe,  obcordate,  but  slightly  bilobed  at  the  apex  or  top. 
Feet  and  caudal  horn  in  the  majority  of  the  specimens  pink  or 
flesh  color.  In  others  the  horn  is  green  in  front  with  a  flesh- 
colored  lateral  stripe.  Spiracles  vermilion,  with  a  white  or  yel- 
low central  slit.  The  whole  body,  except  the  caudal  shield  and 
side  plates,  smooth  (to  the  eye).  Caudal  horn  with  a  yellowish 
green  tip  and  covered  with  pink  and  green  granules.  The  seven 
lateral,  oblique  bands  yellow,  with  a  dark  green  shade  line  above, 
the  first  six  crossing  one  whole  segment  and  a  half  of  the  next. 
The  seventh  band  is  the  broadest  and  brightest  and  extends  to 
the  base  of  the  caudal  horn.  Caudal  shield  and  plates  with  black 
granules. 

One  larva  was  a  beautiful  brown  in  color,  the  shade  on  the 
upperside  of  the  bands  becoming  a  deep  reddish  brown  with 
greenish  yellow  patches  below  the  bands.  Caudal  horn  and  feet 
bright  pink;  an  indistinct  green  shade  on  the  upperside  of  the 
horn  which  is  long,  strong  and  but  little  curved  in  all  of  the 
specimens. 

The  larva  of  imdulosa  changes  to  a  watery  purple  or  red  before 
burrowing  to  pupate.  Pupa  from  i^4  to  i^  inches  long,  dark 
brown  (almost  black;.  Tongue  case  not  apparent.  The  pupa 
is  shaped  much  like  that  of  Ceratomia  amyntor. 

From  the  eight  pupae  obtained  from  the  larvae  of  1886  but 
three  imagoes  emerged  in  1887. 

On  the  25th  of  August,  1887,  we  collected  twenty  larvae  on 
ash.  They  were  fed  in  muslin  bags  on  ash  and  lilac  to  maturity. 
The  half  grown  larvae  were  a  beautiful  bright  yellowish  green 
above,  dark  green  or  bluish  green  from  the  spiracles  down,  ex- 
cept the  underside  of  the  third  and  fourth  segments,  which  were 
yellowish  green  and  similarly  colored  above. 

One  larva,  \y?  inches  long,  was  bluish  green,  with  first,  second 
and  seventh  bands  whitish;  the  others  green.  Stripes  on  the 
head  yellow.  Spiracles  vermilion,  with  a  yellow  dot  above  and 
below. 

One  full  grown  larva  was  of  a  light  reddish  brown  ('almost 
wine  color);  eight  or  nine  were  pale  bluish  green;  the  rest  light 
yellowish  green.  Head  reddish  or  wine  color,  with  a  paler  lateral 

6* 


IjS  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

stripe;  underside  of  the  body  bluish  green  in  the  yellow  green 
larvae.  Caudal  horn  pink,  with  a  yellowish  end  terminated  by  a 
black  tip.  The  seven  sphingial  bands  bright  yellow  and  rather 
broad  on  the  yellow-green  larvae,  whitish  on  the  blue-green 
"  worms."  Spiracles  brick-red  with  a  surrounding  ring  of  pale 
red.  The  bands  are  shaded  above  by  dark  green  and  also  by  an 
oblong,  triangular  pink  patch  on  the  yellow-green  specimens; 
eight  creases  to  each  body  ring.  Some  of  the  larvae  began  to 
burrow  on  the  day  of  capture,  and  pupated  in  five  or  six  days. 
The  burrow  is  several  inches  in  depth. 

Hemaris  diffinis. 

I  have  collected  the  larvae  of  this  species  on  feverwort  in  June, 
and  later  in  the  Summer  on  buckberry  and  snowberry.  The 
mature  "worm"  is  nearly  two  inches  long;  side  of  body  light 
yellowish  green  with  yellow  granules;  top  of  the  body  bluish 
green  with  white  granules;  underside  of  the  body  dirty  brown. 
Top  of  second  segment  set  with  strong  tooth-like  yellow  gran- 
ules surrounding  the  head  not  unlike  a  yellow  collar.  Head 
blue-green;  feet  banded  with  black  and  dirty  white.  Spiracles 
black,  set  in  an  oval  bluish  spot  with  a  white  dot  above  and  below 
(the  spiracle).  Caudal  horn  slender,  almost  straight,  black  and 
heavily  granular,  yellow  at  the  side  of  the  base.  Young  larva 
whitish,  with  black  horn  and  a  very  distinct  yellow  "collar." 
Larva  does  not  burrow,  but  spins  a  thin  cocoon  inside  of  leaves. 
Pupa  almost  black. 

o 

ON  A  COLLECTION  OF  NEUROPTEROID  INSECTS 
FROM  KANSAS. 

By  NATHAN  BANKS. 

Mr.  W.  A.  Snow,  of  the  University  of  Kansas,  has  kindly  sent 
me  for  determination  the  collection  of  these  insects  in  that  in- 
stitution. Although  the  collection  is  small,  yet  it  adds  materially 
to  our  knowledge  of  the  distribution  of  these  interesting  insects, 
as  hardly  any  species  were  previously  known  from  the  State. 

PERLIDJE. 

Pteronarcys  nobi/is   Hag.,   i   tf.—  Tennessee  specimen.     The  basal 

This  differs  somewhat  from  Ha"  border  of  the  antenna-  is  narrow 

gen's  description  of  his  New  York  and  without  a  process  above.  The 

specimen,  but  resembles  more  his  angles  of  the  prothorax  sharp,  the 


1 894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


179 


sides  slightly  concave;  the  knees 
are  black;  the  venter  orange  in 
the  middle;  veins  of  wings  some- 
what clouded,  especially  near 
base;  the  ninth  ventral  segment 
black,  except  tip,  which  is  yel- 
lowish, deeply  notched  ;  the  ap- 
pendages of  the  last  dorsal  seg- 
ment are  brown  and  their  superior 
margins  slightly  concave.  Length 
27  mm. 

Acroneuria  sp.,  i  9- — Estes  Park, 
Col.  Probably  a  form  of  the 
common  abnormis. 


Pseudoperla  occipitalis  Pict.,  i  9- 
Perla  lurida  Hag.,  2  $,  i  $.—  The 

appendages    of    the    last   dorsal 

segment  of  the  $  are  slender, 

narrowed   at  the   tip  and   sharp 

pointed. 

Perla  zanthenes  Newm.,  i  $,  i  $. 
-The  (^  appendages  are  much 

broader  and  more  blunt  than  in 

lurida. 
Perla  ephyre  Newm.,  i  9,  i  c?  ? — 

The  (^  may  be  another  species. 
Capnia  sp.,  i  specimen. 


EPHEMERIDJE. 


Poly  in  itarcys  albus  Say  ? — One  sub- 
imago,  probably  this  species. 

Hexagenia  bilineata  Say,  3  spec. 

Hexagenia  venusta  Eat.,  2  spec. 

Pentagenia  ^-punctata  Walsh,  i 
subimago. 

Leptophlebia  sp.,  2  specimens. 


Siphlnnts  sp.,  2  specimens. 
Siphlurus  aridus  Walk.  ? — A  sub- 
imago,  perhaps  this  species. 
Heptagenia  pule  he  Ha  Walsh,  2  sp. 
Heptagenia  sp.,  i  specimen. 
Ccenisdiuiinuta  Walk.,  3  specimens 


ODONATA. 


Calopteryx  maculata  Beauv.,  i  9- 

Hetczrina  americana  Fab.,  i  (J1. 

Hetfsrina  basalis  Hag.,  i  (J. 

Lestes  forcipata  Ramb.,  i  9- 

Argia  apicalis  Say,  2  9  >  I  c?- 

Ischnura  verticalis  Say,  4  spec. 

Enallagma  civile  Hag.,  i  cT-~~ 
Manitou  Park,  Col. 

Enallagma  prcevara  Hag.,  i  $. 

Enallagma  signata  Hag.,  i  $. 

Enallagma  sp.,  i  9- — Thorax  vil- 
lous,  moderately  large,  prothorax 
with  a  pale  spot  each  side,  post- 
ocular  spots  confluent,  abdomen 
as  in  E.  siguata,  but  a  small  me. 
dian  black  spot  on  segment  10, 
it  is  also  a  little  shorter  than  in 
that  species,  pterostigma  very 
short,  almost  white,'  as  are  also 
the  costal  veins. 

Herpetogomphus  dcsignatus  Selys, 

id1- 


Cphiogomphus  sever  us  Hag.,  i  9- 

— Manitou  Park,  Col. 
Gomphns  externalis  Selys,  i  tf. 
Gomphus  ainnicola  Walsh,  i  $. 
Anax  junius  Drury,  i  9  • 
Macromia  ttsniolata  Ramb.,  i  $. 
Epitheca  obsoleta  Say,  i  9  • 
Pant  a  la  hymcncea  Say,  i  cf ,  2  9  . 
Perithemis domitia  Drury,  i  ^,  2  9 . 
Libellula  triinacnlata  DeGeer,  i  9  • 
Libellula  basalis  Say,  i  $. 
Mesotheviis  siniplicicollis  Say,  3  ^. 
Mesothemis longipennis'Rurm.,  i  9- 
Dip/ax  riibiciinda  Say,  :   9  • 
Diplax costifera  Hag.,  i  9- 
Diplax decisa  Hag.,  i  9- — Agrees 

with  Hagen's  description,  except 

that  the  wings  are  flavescent  to 

the  nodus. 

corrupta  Hag.,  i  $,  i  9. 


180                                        ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

NEUROPTERA. 

Raphidia  oblita  Hag.,  2  specimens.  Bittacus  stigmaterus  Say,  2  spec. 

Colorado.  Brachynemurus  abdominalis  Say, 

Hemerobius  sp. ,  i  specimen.  i  specimen. 

Polystcechotes  punctatus  Say,  i  sp.  Brachynemurus  sp.,   2  specimens. 

Chrysopanigricornis  Burm.,  i  sp.  Colorado. 

Chrysopa  florabunda  Fitch,  i  spec.  Ulula  hyalina  Latr.,  i  specimen. 
Bittacus  strigosus  Hag.,  2  spec. 

TRICHOPTERA. 

Set'odes  urowarii  Kol.,  i  specimen.  white;  anterior  wings  black,  with 

Setodes  albida  Walk.,  2  specimens.  many  small  white    spots,    most 

Setodes  incerta  Walk.  ?,  i  specimen  numerous    near    tip;     posterior 

—Has  the  palpi  shorter  and  more  wings  fusco-hyaline,  cilia  black. 

hairy  than  other  specimens  which  Spurs  1.2.2.     Length   98.5111111. 

I  have  seen  and  may  be  different.  One  $  and  one  rf,  Douglas  Co., 

Leptocerus  dilutus  Hag.,  3  spec.  Kans.,  August,  electric  light.  A 

Mystacides  punctata  nov.  sp.—  larger  specimen  has  a  greenish 

Black,   with  white  spots.     Palpi  abdomen,  the  tarsi  spotted  with 

black   with    black    hair,    second  black,  part  of  the  basal  joint  of 

joint  short,    third  much   longer,  antennae  and  the  face  white;  it 

fourth   a   little  shorter  than  the  may   be   different,    but  is  badly 

third,  fifth  long  and  flexible,  ta-  rubbed. 

pering.      Antennas  black,    basal  Hy dropsy che  scalaris  Hag.,  2  spec. 

third  annulate  with  snow  white,  Hydropsy  che  sp. ,  2  specimens. 

basal  joint  black,   with  a  white  Hydropsyche  phalerata  Hag.,  8  sp. 

line  on  inner  side;  thorax  and  ab-  -There    may  be  two  or    more 

domen  black;  legs  fuscous,  tarsi  species  in  this. 

All  the  specimens  are  from  Douglas  County,  Kansas,  unless 
otherwise  marked. 


Mrs.  SLOSSON  has  sent  me  a  very  interesting  species  as  a  result  of  her 
stay  in  Florida  this  Winter.  Thecla  acis  was  described  by  Drury  in  1773. 
The  species  has  remained  exceedingly  rare  in  collections  in  this  country, 
and  is  wanting  in  a  number  of  the  largest.  The  locality  given  by  Drury 
is  New  York,  which  is  evidently  an  error.  Acis  is  a  West  Indian  species, 
and  its  geographical  range  is  probably  not  accurately  known.  Mrs.  Slos- 
son  says  in  regard  to  it:  "I  had  grown  tired  of  collecting  Theclas  and 
finding  them  all  pceas,  and  was  surprised  to  find  these  two  strangers  (acis) 
in  the  net.  They  were  fluttering  with  the  others  about  blossoms  and 
leaves  in  the  hot  sunshine  on  a  path  through  the  low  scrub  quite  near  the 
ocean  beach  at  Lake  Worth."  There  is  a  good  description  of  the  species 
in  French's  "  Butterflies  of  the  Eastern  United  States. — HENRY  SKINNER. 


1894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADTANCE. 

Sij^  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E  T  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  JUNE,   1894. 

FIELD  MEETING. 

ON  the  4th  of  July,  1890,  a  field  meeting  of  the  entomological  societies 
of  New  York,  Brooklyn,  Newark  and  Philadelphia,  was  held  at  James- 
burg,  N.  J.  A  similar  meeting  was  held  on  the  same  date  of  the  follow- 
ing year.  These  two  meetings  were  so  profitable  and  enjoyable  that  a 
number  of  our  entomological  friends  desire  to  have  a  similar  meeting  this 
year  on  the  "  fourth."  Jamesburg  is  probably  the  most  suitable  place  to 
meet,  as  it  a  good  place  to  collect  and  about  equidistant  between  the  cities 
mentioned.  It  is  earnestly  hoped  that  all  the  entomologists  of  the  four 
cities  will  attend,  and  also  any  from  other  places  interested  in  the  subject. 
It  is  exceedingly  pleasant  to  meet  our  entomological  friends  and  corre- 
spondents, some  of  whom  we  have  never  seen.  Greetings  and  expe- 
riences are  exchanged  and  many  topics  of  interest  discussed  at  luncheon 
time  with  mother  earth  for  a  seat  and  the  blue  canopy  above,  partly  in- 
tercepted by  the  delicate  springtime  leaves.  The  idea  is  to  devote  the 
morning  to  collecting  if  so  desired,  and  then  to  have  a  general  meet  at 
luncheon  and  devote  the  afternoon  to  social  pleasures.  Jamesburg  is  on 
the  Amboy  division  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad,  and  may  be  reached 
from  New  York  via.  Monmouth  Junction,  7. 20  a.m.;  Newark,  7.503.111.; 
Philadelphia,  Broad  Street  Station,  6. 50  a.m.;  Camden,  7.00  a.m.  Later 
trains  leave  New  York  via.  Rahway  and  Philadelphia  on  the  Long  Branch 
division,  but  it  is  urged  that  the  early  train  be  taken,  as  this  will  bring  the 
party  into  Jamesburg  at  the  same  time.  Nothing  has  been  absolutely  de- 
cided upon  yet,  but  it  is  sincerely  hoped  that  the  meeting  may  be  con- 
summated. If  the  different  societies  agree  to  have  the  excursion,  all 
parties  interested  could  get  any  necessary  information  from  the  different 
secretaries.  Why  not  make  it  a  big  success  ? 


l82  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B,  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

The  United  States  Entomologist. — We  have  received,  with  extreme  regret, 
a  notice  of  the  resignation  of  Dr.  C.  V.  Riley  of  his  position  as  United 
States  Entomologist  to  take  effect  June  i,  1894.  After  that  date  Dr. 
Riley's  address  will  be  at  the  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Washington,  D.  C. 

Of  Dr.  Riley's  service  in  the  cause  of  Economic  Entomology  we  need 
say  nothing.  His  published  works  speak  for  him  better  than  anything 
else.  In  his  resignation  the  Department  will  sustain  a  loss,  the  extent  of 
which  it  is  impossible  to  state  at  present.  As  Dr.  Riley  is  fortunately  still 
among  the  living  we  cannot  say  as  much  of  praise  as  we  might  under 
other  circumstances;  but  we  are  not  sure  that  the  Department's  loss  will 
not  be  Dr.  Riley's  gain.  The  demands  upon  the  official  time  of  the  head 
of  the  Department  of  Entomology  are  so  great  and  are  so  constantly 
increasing  that  it  becomes  difficult  to  obtain  opportunity  for  other  than 
mere  routine  work.  The  cares  and  worries  of  official  position,  the  ques- 
tion of  appropriations,  of  expenditures  and  red  tape  generally,  is  not 
favorable  to  the  production  of  the  clearest  and  best  scientific  thought,  and 
in  resigning  from  the  Department  to  retire  among  the  quieter  shades  of 
the  National  Museum,  Dr.  Riley  has  perhaps  adopted  a  course  which  will 
be  beneficial  to  his  health,  while  enabling  him  at  the  same  time  to  arrange 
and  systematize  some  of  the  immense  masses  of  notes  and  material  which 
he  has  accumulated  during  the  many  years  of  his  active  career.  While, 
therefore,  we  regret  Dr.  Riley's  resignation  as  Entomologist,  deeming  no 
one  within  our  knowledge  quite  so  fit  for  the  position  as  he,  we  are  not 
without  hope  that  his  successor  will  be  a  man  who  is  not  unacquainted 
with  Dr.  Riley's  methods  of  work,  and  who  will  be  able  to  profit  by  his 
experience,  and  perhaps  also  by  his  advice  in  the  future.  It  is  desirable 
that  the  man  to  fill  this  position  should  be  one  who  has  the  general  respect 
of  the  entomologists  ot  the  United  States,  perhaps  I  should  say  the  world. 
More  than  in  any  other  lines  the  United  States  Entomologist  is  looked 
upon  as  representing  Entomology  in  the  United  States.  During  Dr. 
Riley's  administration  his  Department  has  become  to  be  considered  as 
the  American  center,'  and  to  this  application  is  made  by  entomologists 
from  all  portions  of  the  world.  Indeed,  I  may  say  that  a  most  liberal 
use  of  the  Department  and  of  the  United  States  Entomologist  is  made 
by  the  entomologists  of  this  country,  and  particularly  those  holding  offi- 
cial positions  at  the  Experiment  Stations.  In  filling  this  position  merit 
only  should  be  looked  to  and  politics  should  not  receive  consideration 
for  an  instant. 

The  San  Jose  Scale. — Under  date  of  April  4,  1894,  the  United  States 
Department  of  Agriculture,  Division  of  Entomology,  issued  circular  No. 
3,  second  series,  with  information  concerning  the  character  and  spread  of 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  183 

the  above  insect,  detailing  the  places  where  it  has  been  found  in  the  east 
and  describing  its  introduction  into  this  country,  and  its  history  in  a  suc- 
cinct manner.  Illustrations  showing  the  insect  in  all  its  stages  and  exam- 
ples of  infested  fruit  and  twigs  are  also  given,  and  suggestions  as  to  the 
remedies  which  should  be  used.  In  the  body  of  the  circular  the  sugges- 
tion is  made  that  some  of  the  eastern  nurseries,  and  New  Jersey  was  es- 
pecially hinted  at,  were  responsible  for  the  distribution  of  the  scale  in  the 
Atlantic  States.  This  attracted  my  attention  of  course,  and  an  investiga- 
tion was  made,  which  resulted  in  the  discovery  that  the  charge  was  true, 
and  that  the  scale  had  been  present  in  Ne\v  Jersey  for  a  period  of  six  or 
seven  years  at  least,  and  had  been  distributed  from  at  least  one  point  for 
three  or  four  years  in  succession.  According  to  the  account  given  in  the 
Bulletin  above  cited  the  scale  was  first  brought  to  California  from  Chile 
about  1870,  but  did  not  become  noticeable  until  1873.  In  1886  or  1887,  a 
New  Jersey  grower  ordered  from  California,  San  Jos£  district,  a  consider- 
able quantity  of  Japanese  plums  which  were  sent  him  in  due  course,  from 
which  the  scale  spread  to  other  stock  in  his  nursery,  and  through  this  stock 
into  neighboring  orchards.  I  saw  the  scale  on  a  few  young  trees  in  the 
fall  of  1893,  but  did  not  recognize  its  character,  paying  very  little  attention 
to  it  since  no  special  complaint  was  made  of  its  abundance,  and  because 
I  had  not  that  special  knowledge  in  the  group  which  enabled  me  to  rec- 
ognize the  insect  at  a  glance.  A  region  of  from  six  to  ten  miles  along  the 
Delaware  and  extending  into  New  Jersey  for  perhaps  five  miles  back  is 
quite  generally  infested,  although  varying  of  course  in  degree  in  the  or- 
chards, according  to  the  age  of  the  trees  and  the  date  of  infection.  How 
much  further  the  insect  has  spread  within  the  State  I  have  not  yet  been 
able  to  ascertain,  but  am  conducting  investigations  with  the  view  of  dis- 
covering the  facts.  Fortunately  the  character  of  the  community  in  the 
infested  district  is  such  that  the  gentlemen  engaged  in  fruit  culture  are 
able  to  appreciate  the  gravity  of  the  situation,  and  wherever  it  has  been 
shown  that  the  scale  has  an  existence  the  most  active  measures  have  been 
taken  to  stamp  it  out.  In  the  nursery  from  which  it  started  thousands  of 
dollars'  worth  of  stock  has  been  destroyed,  because  it  was  more  or  less 
infested  by  this  insect.  Many  large  trees  have  been  taken  out  and  burnt, 
others  have  been  cut  back  liberally,  and  yet  others  are  marked  for  radical 
treatment  at  the  proper  time.  The  strictest  supervision  is  now  exercised 
over  stock  that  is  sent  out,  and  none  that  is  suspicious  will  be  distributed 
hereafter.  I  think  I  may  say  positively  that  from  the  original  source  of 
infection  no  further  distribution  of  the  scale  will  be  made,  and  I  also  feel 
hopeful  that  wherever  the  scale  has  been  shown  to  be  present,  measures 
will  be  taken  such  as  will  enable  it  to  be  completely  destroyed.  The  in- 
vestigations that  have  been  made  thus  far  are  not  sufficient  to  authorize 
any  conclusions  concerning  the  preferences  of  the  scale,  but  some  quite 
marked  indications  exist.  For  instance,  among  the  plums,  the  Japanese 
varieties  are  favorites,  while  the  American  and  European  varieties  seem 
to  be  less  attacked,  although  by  no  means  exempt.  Among  pears,  the 


184  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

Bartlett,  Lawrence  and  Idaho,  are  prime  favorites,  while  the  Keiffer  seems 
to  be  entirely  exempt,  the  Leconte  very  nearly  so,  and  other  stocks  vary- 
ing in  susceptibility.  As  a  rule,  French  stocks  are  infested.  The  most 
interesting  thing  noticed  seems  to  be  the  absolute  immunity  of  the  Keiffer, 
for  even  where  a  single  tree  planted  in  a  trial  row  has  its  branches  crossed 
and  interlocked  with  other  varieties  on  each  side  it  will  be  free,  though 
the  neighboring  trees  on  each  side  may  be  infested,  and  I  have  seen  isolated 
trees  of  other  varieties  standing  in  Keiffer  orchard  infested,  while  the 
Keiffers  themselves  did  not  show  the  least  trace  of  the  scale.  Yet  it  may 
be  premature  to  assert  that  under  all  circumstances  the  Keiffer  is  exempt. 
The  introduction  of  this  scale  into  the  east  is  another  lesson  in  care,  and 
it  gives  another  illustration  of  the  way  in  which  injurious  insects  are  dis- 
tributed. Too  great  care  cannot  be  exercised  in  the  examination  of  stock 
received  by  nurseries  from  other  districts,  and  on  the  other  hand  every 
farmer,  or  every  fruit  grower,  before  he  sets  out  a  tree  should  examine  it 
with  extreme  minuteness  in  order  to  make  certain  that  it  does  not  intro- 
duce some  pest  theretofore  unknown  on  his  land.  One  of  the  objects  of 
this  note  is  also  to  attract  the  attention  of  entomologists  and  agriculturists 
to  the  importance  of  seeking  it  in  orchards  throughout  the  east,  and  es- 
pecially orchards  that  have  been  newly  set  within  the  last  half  a  dozen 
years.  The  nursery  from  which  this  insect  was  distributed  is  one  having 
a  very  large  trade,  and  stock  that  is  likely  to  be  infested  has  been  sent  in 
every  direction  throughout  the  east.  It  is  known  that  at  least  one  orchard 
in  Pennsylvania  is  infested,  and  probably  more  will  be  found;  but  it  be- 
hooves the  officers  of  horticultural  societies  and  agricultural  bodies  to 
look  into  this  matter  now  when  there  is  yet  a  possibility  of  limiting  or 
checking  the  spread  of  the  insect,  whereas  in  a  very  few  years  it  may  be 
so  much  beyond  our  control  that  nothing  can  be  done. 

An  Exportation  of  Beneficial  Insects.— Heretofore  the  discussion  has 
been  mostly  of  the  possibility  of  importing  insects  that  are,  or  that  are 
supposed  to  be,  beneficial  to  agriculturists  by  breeding  upon  injurious 
species.  Dr.  Riley  has  informed  us  that  an  experiment  has  just  been 
made  by  which  one  of  our  insects,  Chilocorus  bivulnerns,  has  been  ex- 
ported to  the  West  Indies  with  the  idea  of  destroying  certain  scales  oc- 
curring in  those  islands.  The  facts  as  given  by  Dr.  Riley  are,  that  for 
three  or  four  years  the  extensive  lime  plantations  of  the  Montserrat  Co., 
Birmingham,  England,  located  on  the  Island  Montserrat,  have  been  suf- 
fering from  the  attacks  of  various  scale-insects,  and  particularly  ilfytilaspis 
citricola  and  Chionaspis  citri.  Spraying  and  fumigating  were  tried  at  the 
suggestion  of  Dr.  Riley  on  a  limited  portion  of  the  estate;  but  the  injury 
continued  and  became  so  serious  that  finally  he  determined  to  ask  leave 
of  absence  from  official  duties  and  personally  investigate,  the  Montserrat 
Co.  paying  expenses.  Dr.  Riley  was  accompanied  on  this  trip  by  Mr.  H. 
G.  Hubbard,  whose  thorough  work  on  the  insects  infesting  oranges  in 
Florida  peculiarly  fitted  him  for  this  investigation.  The  start  was  made 
February  xyth,  and  two  months  were  spent  at  Montserrat,  Dominica  and 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  185 

Martinique,  the  three  islands  on  which  limes  are  most  extensively  grown, 
and  in  which  they  seem  to  come  to  the  greatest  perfection.  Dr.  Riley 
says  that  the  trip  was  full  of  interest,  and  will,  he  fully  believes,  ultimately 
result  in  benefit  to  the  Company.  Among  the  natural  enemies  found  at 
work  among  the  scale  insects,  some  of  which  were  identical  with  those 
found  in  the  United  States,  there  was  no  trace  of  the  Twice-stabbed  Lady- 
bird, Chilocorus  bivulnerns,  which  is,  after  all,  most  effective  in  keeping 
the  scales  in  check  in  Florida.  Anticipating  its  absence,  Dr.  Riley  had 
arranged  for  shipments  from  home,  some  of  which  had  already  arrived  in 
good  condition  before  he  left  Washington,  and  after  latest  advices  from 
Mr.  Hubbard,  were  reveling  in  Montserrat  scales.  Dr.  Riley  thinks  there 
is  every  hope,  therefore,  that  we  may  have  in  this  instance  another  striking 
example  of  the  value  of  the  importation  of  beneficial  insects  under  pecu- 
liarly favorable  conditions. 


Notes  and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy"  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


THERE  will  be  no  NEWS  for  July  or  August. 

PICTURES  for  the  album  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  have 
been  received  from  \V.  Hampton  Patton,  Dr.  F.  E.  Blaisdell,  G.  B.  King. 

I  HAVE  a  large  number  of  the  cocoons  of  Pronuba  yuccasella  contain- 
ing living  pupae,  and  shall  be  glad  to  send  some,  on  application,  to  anyone 
who  is  interested  in  trying  to  secure  fruit  from  Yucca  Ji/anien/osa  growing 
in  gardens  which  are  north  of  the  range  of  the  insect,  and  hence  do  not 
normally  produce  fruit. — C.  V.  RILEY. 

TRANSACTIONS  of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  vol.  xxi,  No. 
2,  now  in  press,  will  contain  the  following  papers:  Revision  of  the  genera 
and  species  of  Desmori  of  North  America,  by  Wm.  G.  Dietz,  M.D.  A 
preliminary  revision  of  the  Lepidopterous  family  Notodontidae,  by  B. 
Neumoegen  and  H.  G.  Dyar.  Some  new  American  Acarina,  by  Nathan 
Banks. 


1 86  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

IT  will  be  of  interest  to  the  entomologists  of  the  United  States  to  learn 
that  the  University  of  Kansas  has  recently  acquired  by  purchase  the  en- 
tire collection  of  North  American  Diptera,  including  the  types  made  by 
Prof.  Townsend.  The  collection  will  make  an  especially  valuable  addi- 
tion to  the  already  very  large  collection  of  American  Diptera,  by  far  the 
largest  in  existence,  now  at  the  University  of  Kansas.  The  University 
collection  now  includes  between  twenty-five  and  thirty  thousand  speci- 
mens, and  between  four  and  five  thousand  species.  The  resources  of  the 
University,  under  the  able  administration  of  Chancellor  Snow,  and  aided 
by  his  son,  Mr.  W.  A.  Snow,  will  enable  this  collection  to  be  soon  put  in 
order,  permitting  for  the  first  time  the  easy  and  ready  determination  of 
collections.  An  expedition  to  the  southwest,  especially  for  the  collection 
of  Diptera,  is  contemplated  the  present  season,  which,  it  is  hoped,  will 
add  from  five  to  ten  thousand  specimens  to  the  collections. 

S.  W.  WILLISTON. 

AN  OPEN  LETTER  FROM  DR.  RILEY. — To  friends  and  correspondents  : 
Inasmuch  as  a  press  despatch,  inspired  by  other  motives  than  love  of 
truth,  has  given  wide  circulation  to  a  false  statement  in  regard  to  my  re- 
cent resignation  as  Entomologist  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture, 
and  inasmuch  as  I  am  receiving  more-letters  of  regret  and  inquiry  than 
can  well  be  responded  to  in  writing,  this  printed  form  is  employed  to  save 
time  in  answering  letters  and  to  correct  any  misconception  of  the  facts. 

As  shown  by  the  text  of  the  letter  addressed  by  me  to  the  Secretary 
of  Agriculture  in  resigning  office,  the  action  was  prompted  by  a  due  re- 
gard for  the  wishes  of  my  family,  for  my  health,  and  for  my  peace  of 
mind;  and,  as  intimate  friends  well  knew,  it  had  been  contemplated  for 
some  time.  It  was  taken  without  suggestion  from,  or  consultation  with, 
the  Secretary  of  Agriculture  or  anyone  else,  and,  since  resignation  of 
government  office  is  so  often  looked  upon  as  practical  dismissal,  I  took 
particular  pains  to  state  these  facts. 

To  those  who  may  feel  regret  at  this  course,  or  who  have  already  ex- 
pressed it,  let  me  say  that  I  was  never  much  in  love  with  Department 
life,  as,  under  the  most  favorable  circumstances,  there  are  many  unpleas- 
ant features  connected  with  it  to  one  ambitious  to  achieve  results  and 
impatient  of  political  methods,  unnecessary  red  tape  or  needless  restric- 
tions. 

Many  years  of  activity  in  the  position  which  I  am  about  to  leave  have 
resulted  in  impaired  health,  and  I  have  simply  taken  a  step  which  ought 
to  have  been  taken  long  ago.  To  those  who  feel  interested  in  my  future 
let  me  say  that  for  a  while  I  shall  make  no  definite  plans,  but  that  I  can 
never  lose  interest  in  the  subject  of  entomology.  Relieved  of  the  ad- 
ministrative detail  and  drudgery  connected  with  the  office,  I  hope,  in  con- 
nection with  the  honorary  curatorship  of  the  Department  of  Insects  in  the 
U.  S.  National  Museum,  to  be  able  to  do  some  long  contemplated  work 
of  a  purely  scientific  character.  My  address  in  future  will,  therefore,  be, 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  187 

care  U.  S.  National  Museum,  Washington,  D.  C.,  to  which  all  publications 
now  addressed  to  me  at  the  Department  of  Agriculture  should  be  for- 
warded. C.  Y.  RILEY. 

Identification  of  Insects  (Jmagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


N.  B. — It  is  to  the  generosity  01  Mr.  Liebeck,  who  has  devoted  much 
of  his  time  to  the  matter,  that  the  NEWS  has  been  able  to  identify  Coleop- 
tera  for  its  subscribers.  As  Mr.  Liebeck  now  desires  a  well-earned  vaca- 
tion, subscribers  are  requested  not  to  send  any  more  Coleoptera  for  iden- 
tification until  after  September  i,  1894,  as  such  specimens  cannot  receive 
attention  until  that  time. — EDS. 


Entomological   Liter ature. 


1.  ANNULS  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES,  vii,  Nos.  6-12, 
March,  1894. — Coleopterological  notices — v,  T.  L.  Casey,  i  pi. 

2.  THE  BOTANICAL  GAZETTE,  xix,  4.     Madison,  Wis.,  April,  1894.— 
Artificial  cultures  of  an  entomogenous  fungus,  G.  F.  Atkinson,  3  pis. 

3.  BULLETIN  OF  THE  AMERICAN  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY,  vi. 
New  York,  April,  1894. — Studies  of  some  species  of  North  American  Ae- 
geriidce,  W.  Beutenmiiller. 

4.  OVERSIGT  OVER  DET  KONGELIGE  DANSKE  VlDENSKABERNES  SELS- 

KABS   FORHANDLINGER,    1893,   2.      Copenhagen.— Larvae  of  the  genus 
Acilius,  F.  Meinert,  i  pi. 

5.  NATURE.     London,  April  5,  1894. — Centipedes  and  their  young,  F. 
W.  Urich. — April  12.     Bees  and  dead  carcases,  W.  F.  Kirby. — May  3. 
Centipedes  and  their  young,  Dr.  R.  v.  Lendenfeld. 

6.  TRANSACTIONS  OF    THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON, 
1893. — A  revision  of  the  genus  Yp/if/ihna,  with  especial  reference  'to  the 
characters  afforded  by  the  male  genitalia,  H.  J.  Ehves  and  J.  Edwards. 
The  effects  of  temperature  in  the  pupal  stage  on  the  coloring  of  Picris 
napi,  Vanessa  atalanla,  Chrysophanns  plilosas  and  Ephyra  piinctaria,  F. 
Merrifield,  i  pi.     On  _the  phylogenetic  significance  of  the  variations  pro- 
duced by  differences  of  temperature  in  Vanessa  atalanta;  an  appendix  to 


188  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

the  preceding  paper,  Dr.  F.  A.  Dixey.  Descriptions  of  new  genera  and 
species  of  Neotropical  Rhynchota,  W.  L.  Distant.  On  some  neglected 
points  in  the  structure  of  the  pupae  of  Heterocerous  Lepidoptera,  and 
their  probable  value  in  classification;  with  some  associated  observations 
on  larval  prolegs,  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman.  Two  new  species  of  Pulvinaria 
from  Jamaica,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell,  figs.  On  stridulation  in  ants,  Dr.  D. 
Sharp.  Dicranota,  a  carnivorous  Tipulid  larva,  Prof.  L.  C.  Miall,  4  pis. 
On  a  Lepidopterous  pupa  (Micropteryx  purpurella)  with  functionally 
active  mandibles,  Dr.  T.  A.  Chapman.  Description  of  a  new  genus  and 
species  of  Papilionidae  from  Mexico,  O.  Salvin.  Formicidae  of  St.  Vin- 
cent, collected  by  Mr.  H.  H.  Smith,  Dr.  A.  Forel.  The  cost  of  insect 
collections,  Dr.  D.  Sharp.  On  the  sexes  of  larvae  emerging  from  the  suc- 
cessively laid  eggs  of  Smerinthns  populi,  E.  B.  Poulton.  A  revision  of 
the  genus  Oeneis,  H.  J.  Elwes  and  J.  Edwards. 

7.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1893,  part  iii. — Heredity  in  the  social  colonies  of  the  Hymen- 
optera,  E.  D.  Cope. 

8.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.     London,  April,  1894. 
— A  new  species  of  A/eurodes,  ].  W.  Douglas,  figs.    Note  on  Thermobia 
furnorum  Rovelli,  Dr.  D.  Sharp.      Thermobia  furnornin  Rovelli  and 
Lepismodes  inqnilina  Newman,  R.  McLachlan.     The  entomology  of  a 
London  bakehouse,  F.  Milton.    Why  are  large  Perlidae  resident  in  Scotch 
but  not  in  Swiss  lakes  ?,  A.  E.  Eaton.     Notes  on  the  earlier  stages  of  the 
Nepticulae,  J.  H.  Wood. — May,  1894.    Abundance  of  Pyrameis  cardui  L. 
in  the  Ziban,  Algeria,   Rev.  A.  E.  Eaton.     Patent  postal  box  without 
packing,  H.  G.  Knaggs.     British  Hemiptera,  additions  and  corrections, 
J.  Edwards.     Supplement  to  annotated  list  of  British  Tachiniidae,  R.  H. 
Meade.      Tinea  pallescentella  in  a  wasp's  nest,  C.  G.  Barrett. 

9.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  April,  1894. — The  new  entomology 

(cont.),  W.  E.  Sharp.    A  catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Ireland  (cont.), 

W.  F.  de  V.  Kane. — May,  1894.   John  Jenner  Weir  (with  portrait),  Ed.    A 

dark  chamber  for  larvae,  H.  G.  Knaggs,  figs.   The  genus  Philometra  Grote, 

J.  B.  Smith.     Remarks  on  certain  genera  of  Coccidae,  W.  M.  Maskell. 

10.  THE  GEOLOGICAL  MAGAZINE.     London,  April,  1894. — Further  re- 
marks on  the  tertiary  (Eocene)  insects  from  the  Isle  of  Wight,  and  on 
others  from  the  Lias  and  Coal-measures,  Rev.  P.  B.  Brodie. 

11.  THE  POPULAR  SCIENCE  MONTHLY.     New  York,  May,  1894.— The 
guests  of  the  mayflower,  Prof.  C.  M.  Weed,  figs. 

12.  TERMESZETRAJZI  FUZETEK,   1893,  Nos.  3-4.      Budapest,  Jan.  31, 
1894. — New  or  little-known  Myriapods  in  the  zoological  collection  of  the 
Hungarian  National  Museum,  Dr.  E.  v.  Daday,  3  pi. 

13.  ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEiGER.     Leipzig,  April  2,   1894. — Contribution 
to  the  knowledge  of  the  abdomen  of  male  Elateridae,  C.  Verhoeff,  figs. 
On  Hydrachnidas,  R.  Piersig  (cont.). — April  9,  1894,     Predatory  Pseudo- 
scorpions,  W.  Hess.     On  the  significance  of  the  endosternite  of  Arach- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  189 

nids — ii,  W.  Schimkewitsch.  Anatomy  of  the  salivary  glands  of  the  Hy- 
menoptera  of  the  family  Ichneumonidse,  M.  Bordas. 

14.  THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.     London, 
April,  1894. — The  Elateridae  of  Japan,  G.  Lewis.     Corylophidae  and  Tri- 
chopterygidae  found  in  the  West  Indian  Islands,  Rev.  A.  Matthews.     De- 
scriptions of  some  new  species  of  Heterocera  from  Central  America,  H. 
Druce.     Contributions  to  the  knowledge  of  the  antennary  sense  organs 
of  insects,  C.  M.  Child  (transl.  Zool.  Anz.  Feb.  5,  1894). 

15.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  VICTORIA  INSTITUTE  OF  TRINIDAD.     Parti. 
Port-of-Spain,  March,  '94. — Notes  on  the  study  of  butterflies,  B.  Rake,  M.D. 

16.  BULLETINO    DELLA    SOCIETA    ENTOMOLOGICA    ITALIANA,    XXVJ,     I. 

Florence,  March  25,  1894. — First  materials  for  a  limnological  fauna  of  the 
Lago  di  Garda,  A.  Garbini.  Materials  for  a  catalogue  of  Italian  Mallo- 
phaga  and  Pediculina,  A.  Berlese.  Revision  of  the  European  species  of 
the  Mosquito  family  (cont.),  E.  Ficalbi. 

17.  THE  JOURNAL  OF  COMPARATIVE  MEDICINE  AND  VETERINARY  AR- 
CHIVES.    New  York,  March,  1894. — On  the  emasculating  botfly,  figs. 

18.  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  xxi, 
i.     Philadelphia,  January-March,  1894. — Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of 
Alaska  with  the  synonymy  and  distribution,  J.  Hamilton,  M.D.    Descrip- 
tions of  new  genera  and  species  of  Noctuidse,  J.  B.  Smith,  Sc.D.,  6  pis. 
Notes  and  descriptions  of  North  American  Bombylidae,  D.  W.  Coquillett. 

19.  SOCIETAS   ENTOMOLOGICA.      Zurich-Hottingen,   March  i,   1894.— 
On  the  marks  of  copulation  among  insects,  Dr.  K.  Escherich. — April  15. 
Some  new  termites  from  Ceylon,  with  remarks  on  their  guests,  E.  \Yas- 
man,  S.  J. 

20.  ANNALES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  ENTOMOLOGIQUE  DE  BELGIQUE,  xxxviii, 
3.     Brussels,   1894. — Study  on  the  geographical  distribution  of  the  Bu- 
prestidse,  C.  Kerremans. — xxxvii,  13,  1893.     President's  address  [solitary 
and  communal  life  among  insects],  M.  Tosquinet. 

21.  MISSISSIPPI  AGRICULTURAL  AND  MECHANICAL  COLLEGE  EXPERI- 
MENT STATION.      Bulletin  No.   28. — The  horn-fly,  H.  E.  Weed.     Agr. 
Coll.,  Miss.,  January,  1894;  figs. 

22.  THE   ENTOMOLOGIST'S   RECORD   AND   JOURNAL  OF  VARIATION. 
London,  April  15,  1894. — The  life-history  of  a  Lepidopterous  insect,  com- 
prising some  account  of  its  morphology  and  physiology,  J.  \V.  Tutt. 
Dealers  and  stealers,  H.  R.  Brown.     John  Jenner  Weir — obituary,  }.  \V. 
Tutt,  with  portrait. 

23.  ATTI  DELLA  SOCIETA  TOSCANA  DI  SCIENZE  NATURALI.     Memorie, 
xiii.     Pisa,  1894. — Contributions  to  the  study  of  the  digestive  tube  of  Ar- 
thropoda:  histological  and  physiological  researches  on  the  digestive  tube 
of  Orthoptera,  G.  Visart,  figs. 

24.  LE  NATURALISTE.     Paris,  April  15,  1894. — The  rearing  of  Hymen- 
optera,  Dr.  F.  Regnault. 


1 90  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [June, 

25.  COMPTES  RENDUS.  L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.     Paris,  April  9, 
1894. — On  antennal  nerves  and  chordotonal  organs  in  ants,  C.  Janet.    On 
revivification  of  Tardigrada,  D.  Lance. — April  16.    On  the  venomous  ap- 
paratus of  Hymenoptera,  M.  Bordas.   The  rejection  of  blood  as  a  means 
of  defense  in  some  Coleoptera,  L.  Cuenot. — April  25.     Diptera  parasitic 
on  Acridians — the  Bombylidse;  larval  hypnody  and  metamorphosis  with 
active  and  resting  stages,  J.  K.  d'Herculais. 

26.  PSYCHE.    Cambridge,  Mass.,  May,  1894. — The  habits  of  the  aculeate 
Hymenoptera — iv,  W.  H.  Ashmead.     Further  notes  on  Coleoptera  found 
with  ants,  H.  F.  Wickham.     Two  cave  beetles  not  before  recorded,  H. 
Garman,  figs.    New  and  undescribed  genera  and  species  of  West  African 
Noctuidae — iv,  \V.  J.  Holland,  i  pi.     Preparatory  stages  of  Pseudohazis 
shast<znsis  Behrens,  H.  G.  Dyar. 

27.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  PHILOSOPHICAL  SOCIETY,  xxxii. 
Philadelphia,  April  4,  1894.  —Tertiary  Tipulidae,  with  special  reference  to 
those  of  Florissant,  Col.,  S.  H.  Scudder,  9  pis. 

28.  FAUNA,  1894,  i.     Luxembourg. — Honey  dew  and  its  origin,  Dr.  E. 
J.  Klein. 

29.  SCIENCE.     New  York,  March  23,  1894. — The  sembling  of  a  large 
native  moth,  Telea  polyphemus,  H.  Garman. 

30.  THE  AMERICAN   JOURNAL  OF  SCIENCE,  No.   281.     New  Haven, 
Conn.,  May,  1894. — Observations  on  the  derivation  and  homologies  of 
some  Articulates,  J.  D.  Dana. 

31.  THE  CORRELATION  OF  STRUCTURE  and  host  relation  among  the 
Encyrtinse,  L.  O.  Howard.     Wilder  Quarter  Century  Book,  pp.  177-185. 
Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  1893. 

32.  JOHNS  HOPKINS  UNIVERSITY  CIRCULARS,  xiii,  No.  ui.    Baltimore, 
April,   1894. — Origin  of  the  "  Nasutus"  (soldier)  of  Eutermes,   H.   M. 
Knower,  figs. 

33.  THE  GARDENERS'  CHRONICLE.     London,  April  28,  1894. — Death 
to  the  green-fly,  M.  C.  C. 

34.  LEPIDOPTERA  INDICA.    By  F.  Moore.    Pt.  xvii  (vol.  ii,  pp.  113-136, 
pis.  123-130).     London,  L.  Reeve  &  Co.,  1894. 

35.  ZEITSCHRIFT  FUR  WissENSCHAFTLicHEZooLociE,  Ivii,  3.    Leipsic, 
April  17,  1894. — Contributions  to  the  knowledge  of  the  developmental 
history  of  the  scorpion,  A.  Brauer. 

36.  POPULAR  SCIENCE  NEWS.      Boston,  May,  1894. — Insect  parasites 
of  animals — i,  J.  B.  Smith,  figs. 

37.  THE  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  Ont.,  May,  1894. — But- 
terflies common  to  Norway  and  Arctic  America,  F.  M.  Webster.      Try- 
peta  solidaginis  Fitch  and  its  parasites,  Rev.  T.  VV.  Fyles.     Some  notes 
on  the  collecting  season- of  1893,  J.  A.  Moffat.     Notes  on  some  scale  in- 
sects of  the  subfamily  Diaspinae,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.    A  reply  to  Mr.  \Y. 
H.  Edwards,  H.  J.  Elwes.     New  North  American  Homoptera — viii,  E. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 

P.  Van  Duzee.  Zethus  aztecus  in  Florida,  W.  H.  Patten.  Note  on  Acro- 
nycta  cristifera  Walk.,  A.  R.  Grote.  Folded  wings  in  Fcenus,  W.  H. 
Patten. 

38.  THE  LONDON,  EDINBURGH  AND  DUBLIN  PHILOSOPHICAL  MAGA- 
ZINE AND  JOURNAL  OF  SCIENCE  (5),  228.     London,  May,  1894. — Note  on 
the  elasticity  of  spider  lines,  J.  H.  Gray. 

39.  THE  BRITISH  NATURALIST.     London,  April  15,  1894. — The  effects 
of  cold  upon  insect  pests,  F.  V.  Theobald. 

40.  KNOWLEDGE.     London,  May  i,  1894.     Insect  secretions — i,  E.  A. 
Butler. 

41.  FIFTH  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  MISSOURI  BOTANICAL  GARDEN. 
St.  Louis,  1894. — The  emergence  of  Pronuba  from  the  Yucca  capsules,  J. 
C.  Whitten. 

42.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  (2),  iv, 
pp.  92-121.     San  Francisco,  April  19,  1894. — Second  report  on  some  Hy- 
menoptera  from  Lower  California,  Mexico,  W.  J.  Fox. 

43.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  i,  4,  De- 
cember, 1893.     [Not  previously  received.] — Spring  collecting  in  northern 
Florida,  Mrs.  A.  T.  Slosson.     A  strange  form  of  Catocala,  G.  A.  Ehr- 
mann.    A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Bombyces  of  America  north  of 
Mexico  (cont. ),  B.  Neumoegen  and  H.  Dyar.    Four  new  genera  and  spe- 
cies of  West  African  Sesiidas,  W.  J.  Holland,  figs.    List  of  the  Coleoptera 
of  Northeastern  America,  with  special  reference  to  the  fauna  of  New  York 
City  and  vicinity  (cont.),  C.  W.  Leng  and  W.  Beutenmiiller. 

44.  INSECT  LIFE,  vi,  4.     Washington,  D.  C.,  May,  1894.— A  new  and 
destructive  peach  tree  scale  (Diaspis  lanatus  Morg.  and  Ckll.),  Eds.,  figs. 
The  currant  stem-girdler  (Phyllcecus  \_Janus\  flaviventris  Fitch),  C.  L. 
Marlatt,  figs.    Habits  of  Stibadium  spuiiiosiuu  Gr.,  M.  E.  Murtfeldt.    The 
insect  guests  of  the  Florida  land  tortoise,  H.  G.  Hubbard,  figs.     The 
control  of  Phylloxera  by  submersion,  Eds.,  figs.    Acorn  insects,  primary 
and  secondary,  M.  E.  Murtfeldt.     Preliminary  report  on  suppressing  the 
San  Jose"  scale  in  Virginia,  D.  W.  Coquillett. 

45.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  BOSTON  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY, 
xxvi,  pp.  220-240,  April   18,   1894. — Spharagemon:  a  study  of  the  New 
England  species,  A.  P.  Morse. 

46.  NEBRASKA  STATE  HORTICULTURAL  REPORT  for  1894,  pp.  154-223. 
[Lincoln,  Neb.] — Insect  enemies  of  the  apple  tree  and  its  fruit,  L.  Bruner, 
figs. 

47.  CATALOGUS  HYMENOPTERORUM  hucusque  descriptorum  systemati- 
cus  et  synonymicus.     Auctore  Dr.  C.  G.  de  Dalla  Torre.     Vol.  11:  (  y- 
nipicloe.    Lipsiae,  Sumptibus  Guilelmi  Engeimann,  MDCCCXCIII,  140  pp. 

48.  SPECIES  DES  HYMENOPTERES  D'EUROPE  ET  D'ALGERIE  fonde"  par 
Edmond  Andre"  et  continue  sous  la  direction  scientifique  de  Ernest  Andre". 
45e  Fascicule  [pp.  241-336,  vol.  v — Braconidae].     Paris,  M.   Duboscard, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

Jan.  i,  1894.     466  Fascicule  [pp.  273-336,  pis.  vii,  ix,  xii-xvii,  vol.  vi— 
Chrysididse;  pis.  iii-viii,  vol.  v],  April  i,  1894. 

49.  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx,  6,  Berlin,  March,  1894.— 
Review  of  H.  J.  Kolbe's  "  Einfuhrung  in  die  Kenntniss^  der  Insekten,  C. 
Verhoeff.  On  the  comparative  morphology  of  the  abdominal  appendages 
of  Coleoptera,  id. — 7.  April,  1894.  On  primary  and  secondary  sexual 
characters  of  insects,  an  answer  to  Dr.  K.  Escherich,  id. — 8.  April,  1894. 
Descriptions  of  new  Lamellicorns,  Buprestidae  and  Cerambycidae  from 
Central  and  South  America,  A.  F.  Nonfried. 


INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  *  denotes  new 
American  forms. 


THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Atkinson  2,  Sharp  6,  Milton  8,  Knaggs  8,  9,  Sharp  9,  Brodie  10,  Weed 
n,  Child  14,  Garbini  16,  Brown  22,  Tutt,  22,  Lance  25,  Dana  30,  Smith 
36,  Theobald  39,  Butler  40,  Mrs.  Slosson  43,  Hubbard  44,  Bruner  46,  Tos- 
quinet  20,  Verhoeff  49  (two)  Escherich  19. 

MYRIAPODA. 
Urich  5,  v.  Daday  12,  v.  Lendenfeld  5. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Piersig  13,  Hess  13,  Schimkewitsch  13,  Brauer  35,  Gray  38,  Banks  in 
Hubbard  44  (Chelanops  affinis*  Fla.),  Marx  in  Hubbard  44  (Ornithodorus 
americanus*  Amblyomma  tuberculatum*  Fla.). 

THYSANURA. 

Sharp  8,  McLachlan  8. 

ORTHOPTERA. 
Visart  23,  Scudder  in  Hubbard  44  (Ceuthophilus  latibuli*  Fla.),  Morse 

45*. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Eaton  8,  Berlese  16,  Knower  32,  Wasmann  19. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Distant  6,  Cockerel!  6*,  37,  Douglas  8,  Edwards  S,  Maskell  9,  Berlese 
6,  Klein  28,  Van  Duzee  37,  Rileyand  Howard  44  (two),  Coquillett  44. 

4 

COLEOPTERA. 

Casey  i  (Staphylinidse*,  Pselaphidae*,  Scaphidiidae*,  Histeridae*,  Par- 
nidse*,  Alaus*,  Pactopus*,  Cerambycidse*),  Meinert  4,  Verhoeff  13,  49, 
Lewis  14,  Matthews  14*,  Hamilton  18,  Kerremans  20,  Garman  26  (Calo- 
dera  cavicola*  Ky.),  Wickham  26,  Cuenot  25,  Leng  and  Beutenmiiller  43, 
Hubbard  44*,  Murtfeldt  44,  Nonfried  49*. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  193 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Beutenmiiller  3*,  Elwes  and  Edwards  6  (two)  (Oenis  ( Chionobas]  beanii*, 
Alberta),  Merrifield  6,  Dixey  6,  Chapman  6  (two),  Salvin  6  (Jlaronia 
brevicornis*,  Mex.),  Poulton  6,  Wood  8,  Eaton  S,  Barrett  S,  Kane  9, 
Druee  14*,  Rake  15,  Smith  9,  18*,  36,  Tutt  22,  Holland  26,  43,  Dyar  26, 
Garman  29,  Moore  34,  Webster  37,  Moffat  37,  Elwes  37,  Grote  37,  Whitten 
41,  Ehrmann  43  (C,  denussa*  Pa.),  Neumoegen  and  Dyar  43,  Murtfeldt 
44  (two). 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Sharp  6,  Cope  7,  Kirby  5,  Bordas  13,  25,  Regnault  24,  Janet  25,  Ash- 
mead  26,  Howard  31,  Patten  37  (two),  Fox  42*,  Marlatt  44,  Dalla  Torre 
47,  Andre  48,  Forel  6*. 

DIPTERA. 

Miall  6,  Meade  8,  Ficalbi  16,  Anon.  17,  Coquillett  18*,  Weed  21,  Scud- 
der  27*,  C.  33,  Fyles  37,  d'Herculais  25. 


Ttie  Errtornological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


APRIL  26,    1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  G.  H.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  E.  T.  Cresson,  G.  B.  Cresson,  Seiss,  Ridings,  Johnson,  Calvert, 
Liebeck,  Welles  and  Skinner.  Associates:  Fox,  Boerner.  Mr.  Reineck 
visitor.  Eight  specimens  of  Aegialites  fuchsii  were  presented  by  Mr. 
Charles  Fuchs,  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.  Dr.  Horn  presented  six  specimens 
of  Platypsylla  castoris.  Mr.  Calvert  read  a  letter  from  Baron  Edmond 
de  Selys-Longchamps,  thanking  the  American  Entomological  Society  for 
electing  him  a  correspondent.  Mr.  Calvert  stated  that  in  his  Catalogue 
of  the  Dragonflies  of  Philadelphia  the  first  appearance  of  Anax  jnniiis 
was  given  as  May  ist.  He  had  observed  a  specimen  this  year  at  West- 
ville,  N.  J.,  on  April  2ist.  Four  years  ago  he  had  described  a  species 
from  Florida  under  the  name  Lepthemis gravida,  which  was  one  of  Dr. 
Hagen's  manuscript  names.  According  to  the  latest  generic  develop- 
ments he  found  that  gravida  did  not  belong  to  Lept/ieinis,  but  to  the 
genus  Cannae ria  described  by  Kirby.  This  genus  contains  two  other 
species,  furcata  and  batesii.  These  species  can  all  be  separated  by  good 
anatomical  characters.  The  speaker  also  stated  that  he  had  examined 
two  hundred  specimens  of  a  species  of  Orl/ieinis,  and  in  only  one  wing 
of  one  specimen  did  lie  find  variation  in  the  neuration  which  would  be 
indicative  of  generic  character.  Dr.  Horn  stated  that  in  1868 

6** 


IQ4  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

was  found  in  the  museum  at  Amsterdam,  and  in  1874  he  had  also  investi- 
gated it.  Up  to  the  present  time  nothing  has  been  done  toward  distin- 
guishing the  sexes.  The  speaker  pointed  out  the  sexual  peculiarities 
(see  ENT.  NEWS  v,  141).  Remarks  were  also  made  about  Cassida  nebu- 
losa  Linn,  (see  ENT.  NEWS  v,  146).  Mr.  William  Reineck  was  duly  elected 
an  Associate  of  the  Section.  HENRY  SKINNER,  Recorder. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


CORRECTIONS  IN  PSELAPHID/E. 

By  E.   BRENDEL,  M.  D. 

The  occasion  for  this  communication  is  a  lot  of  Mexican  and 
South  American  Pselaphidse  donated  to  me  by  my  kind  friend 
and  distinguished  entomologist.  Achille  Raffray.  An  accompa- 
nying letter,  dated  Tientsin,  China,  March  16,  1894,  contains 
some  interesting  remarks,  which  I  shall  quote  in  his  own  lan- 
guage, as  follows: 

1.  Un  Euplectus  de  Californie,  qui  je  ne  puis  determiner.     Le  con- 
naissez  vous  ? 

For  a  description  of  this  n.  sp.  see  below. 

2.  Une  Bryaxis  hcsmatica  var.  perforate,  Aube,  de  1' Europe  meridio- 
nale.     Je  possede  le  meme  insecte,  exactement  le  meme,  sous  le  nomme 
de  B.  obscura  Dejean,  c'est  une  type  authentique,  de  la  collection  Reiche 
il  vient  de  I'Amerique  boreale,  sans  localite  precis. 

I  suppose  there  must  have  occurred  a  misplacement  of  a  label 
with  the  obscura  Dej.  The  specimens  before  me  are  true  hatmatica; 
one  from  Gall,  merid.  the  var.  perforata  (figs.  1-2);  the  other  var. 
bidentata  (fig.  3)  from  Germany;  var.  bidentata  resembles  some- 
what B.  illinoiensis. 

3.  Cylindractus.    J'ai  etudie  a  nouveaux  ce  genre.     II  est  decidement 
identique  aux  Ty chits  et  1'espece  est  voisine  de  votre  ludoviciamis ;  mais 
c'  est  une  espece  distincte. 

4.  Psclaptrichus  est  une  sousgenre  de  Bythinus  auquel  il  est  attachee 
par  des  especes  du  Japon. 

5.  Je  crois,  que  Bryaxis  albionica  est  tres  different  de  "  prop'uiqna"  Lee. 
Mes  exemplaires  viennent  aussi  de  Californie.    J'  envoie  vous  le  type  de 
Motschulsky. 

Here  I  call  to  my  recollection,  that  LeConte's  propinqua  was 
as  "  thorace  impunctata,   polita"  and  (the    £    being  unknown) 


i894-] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


195 


comprising  all  species  of  that  description;  but  after  the  recogni- 
tion of  the  male  one  of  them  was  the  true  propinqua  and  rny  B. 
polita  was  a  nondescript  (teste  Ulke).  The  description  of  pro - 
pinqua  in  "  Short  Studies,  iSSr"  is  very  similar  to  that  of  albi- 
onica,  and  considering  the  varieties  of  the  antennae  and  color, 
and  the  geographical  distribution  of  propinqua,  Ulke,  as  well  as 
I,  supposed  the  two  species  identical. 

Bryaxis  albionica  Motsch.  <$.— Piceous  black.  Antennae,  palpi  and  legs 
dark  reddish  brown.  Elytra  bright  red,  base  and  suture  dark  brown, 
impunctate  or  very  unevenly  punctate.  Length  1.40  mm. 

Head  .punctured  at  the  sides,  with  the  foveae  small,  mutually  four  times 
farther  distant  than  either  from  the  eye,  vertex  little  shorter  than  quad- 


rate, front  suddenly  declive,  the  frontal  fovea  wanting  or  hidden  by  pu- 
bescence on  the  declive  part,  which  bears  two  small  teeth  ;  ternpora 
rounded,  as  long  as  the  eye.  Antenna  as  in  figure  4,  where  the  right 
antenna  is  turned.  Prothorax  convex,  though  the  foveae  almost  fully  seen 
from  above.  Abdomen:  first  dorsal  three  times  wider  than  long,  carinae 
very  short,  far  apart.  Posterior  tibite  curved,  flattened,  not  dilated,  in- 
termediate tibiae  with  a  strong  spur  at  the  end. 

The  specimen  before  me  is  one  of  Motschulsky's  types,  the  9  , 
from  Los  Angeles,  has  the  front  not  declive  and  the  fovea  nor- 
mal. Identical  -wifafundata  Casey. 


196  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [June, 

EuplectllS  raffrayi  n.  sp.  (fig.  5)  c?.— - Brown,  impunctate,  pubescence 
coarse,  sparse,  form  resembling  E.  linearis.  Length  2.0  mm. 

Head  with  the  occiput  convex,  finely  carinate,  tempora  arcuate,  con- 
vergent, longer  than  the  eye;  frontal  margin  depressed,  fovea  three  times 
farther  apart  than  from  the  eye,  grooves  straight,  convergent.  Antennae 
unusually  long,  longer  than  the  head  and  prothorax,  loosely  jointed.  Pro- 
thorax  wider  than  the  head,  as  wide  as  long,  lateral  edge  minutely  serru- 
late; disc  with  a  medial,  fusiform  groove  extended  to  the  angulated  trans- 
verse groove  connecting  the  lateral  foveae;  the  base  with  five  ample,  semi- 
circular impressions.  Elytra  as  long  as  wide,  shoulder  width  almost  as 
wide  as  the  prothorax;  disc  with  a  few  traces  of  coarse  impressions,  the 
base  tripunctate  and  trilineate,  the  sutural  line  slightly  arcuate  beyond  the 
middle;  second  line  one-quarter  length,  the  third  one-eighth.  Abdominal 
dorsals  subequal,  but  rather  slightly  increasing  in  length,  without  any 
basal  impressions  or  carinae;  ventrals  2,  3,  4,  with  a  shallow  medial  im- 
pression, 3d  in  the  apical  third  with  a  transverse  carina  across  the  impres- 
sion; 5th,  the  posterior  margin,  depressed;  6th,  the  base  depressed;  the 
yth,  or,  according  to  Casey's  etymological  experiment,  analoge  to  "  ver- 
texal"  the  podexal  segment  is  lozenge-shaped,  not  carinate  and  almost 
surrounded  by  the  6th. 

California.     This  is  the  largest  species  known. 

Among  the  Mexican  species  there  are  four  Eupsenius  which 
may  possibly  occur  inside  of  our  limits.  They  are: 

E.  politus  Reitter,  St.  Thomas,  12  mm.  long,  unicolorous  yellowish  red, 
occiput  sulcate,  front  arcuately  porrected,  bearing  two  punctures  (fig.  6). 

E.  mexicanus  Raffray,  1.3  mm.  long,  dark  red,  elytra  brighter,  front  per- 
pendicularly declive,  above  with  a  shallow  transverse  impression  (fig.  7). 

E.  nitidus  Raffray,  Mexico,  1.4  mm.  long,  front  obliquely  declive,  before 
the  antennal  line  with  a  wide  shallow  impression  and  faint  foveal  sulcus 
(fig.  8). 

E.  (jibbicollis  Raffray,  Mexico,  1.55  mm.  Dark  red,  elytra  brighter, 
vertex  quadrate,  trapezeous,  front  declive,  depressed  between  the  antennas. 
Pronotum  swollen  along  the  median  line  (fig.  9). 

Ctenisis  aequiiioctialis,  Amazon.    Fig.  10,  antenna. 

iCtenisis  dispar,  Mexico.     Fig.  u,  antenna. 

o 

THE  AMERICAN  GENERA  OF  SAPROMYZIN/E. 

By  S.  W.  WILLISTON. 

In  the  examination  recently  of  a  considerable  material  in  this 
family,  I  have  discovered  all  of  the  known  American  genera,  all 
of  which,  save  perhaps  Griphoneura,  occur  in  North  America. 
As  I  shall  not  have  the  opportunity  for  some  time  of  preparing 
the  results  of  my  studies  for  publication,  I  herewith  offer  the  fol- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  197 

lowing  synopsis  of  the  genera,  in  the  hopes  that  it  may  be  of 
service  to  others. 

Sapromyzinae. — Small  species,  seldom  more  than  seven  millimeters  in 
length.  Head  as  broad  or  a  little  broader  than  the  thorax;  front  with  one 
or  two  bristles  on  each  side  in  front  of  those  at  the  vertex.  Antennae 
usually  short  and  porrect;  sometimes  the  third  joint  elongated.  Face 
without  vibrissae.  Abdomen  short-ovate.  Legs  never  elongate;  auxiliary 
vein  of  the  \vings  present;  cross-veins  never  approximated;  basal  cells 
small,  but  complete. 

i. — All  the  tibiae  with  a  preapical  bristle  ;   ovipositor  flattened,  horny; 
bristles  of  the  front  never  reaching  below  the  middle  ....     2. 
All  the  tibiae,  or  at  least  the  front  and  middle  pairs,  with  a  preapical 
bristle;   bristles  of  the  front  descending  below  the  middle;   ovi- 
positor not  horny 3. 

2. — Metallic  black  species,  front  narrow Louchaea. 

Yellow,  or  yellowish  species;  front  broad Palloptera. 

3. — Arista  thickened  and  with  short,  dense  plumosity    .     .     Pachycerina. 

Arista  slender,  base,  pubescent  or  plumose 4. 

4. — Face  very  broad,  in  profile  strongly  convex  below    .     .     Physogenua. 

Face  receding,  flattened,  or  gently  arched 5. 

5. — First  posterior  cell  much  narrowed  in  the  margin     .     .     Griphonenra. 
First  posterior  cell  not  or  but  slightly  narrowed  in  the  margin  .     .     6. 
6. — Shining  black  species;  third  joint  of  antennae  more  or  less  elongate. 

Lauxania. 

More  or  less  yellow  species,  at  least  the  thorax  not  shining  black; 
third  joint  of  the  antennae  not  more  than  three  times  as  long  as 
wide Sapromyza. 

Sapromyza  longipennis,  S.  lupulina,  S.  vulgaris  and  ^.  coin- 
pedita,  occur  on  the  Pacific  coast,  at  least  all  but  the  first,  which 
I  have  seen  from  Kansas.  .SI  vulgaris  I  have  also  taken  from 
the  West  Indies.  It  is  identical  with  6".  ocellaris  Towns. ,  and, 
notwithstanding  the  abdominal  bands,  is  doubtfully  distinct  from 
.5".  cincta  from  Texas  and  Porto  Rico  (Roeder).  5".  macula  Loew 
seems  to  be  the  same  as  ,5".  odopuncta  from  the  West  Indies  and 
South  America.  ,S\  plagosa  Giglio-Tos.  from  Mexico,  is  the 
same  as  6".  geminata  Wied.,  which  I  have  from  Brazil.  Pallop- 
tera J2icunda  Loew,  from  Sitkha,  occurs  also  in  Washington  and 
California.  Sapromyza  urina  Giglio-Tos,  from  Mexico,  seems 
identical  with  Physogenua  ferruginea  Schiner,  which  I  have  from 
Brazil.  In  any  event,  it  is  a  Physogenua  and  not  a  Sapromyza. 
Pachycerina  verticalis  Loew  apparently  extends  over  the  greater 
part  of  the  United  States.  I  have  seen  it  from  Florida,  Connec- 
ticut and  Kansas. 


I9§  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [June, 

Hyparpax,  var.  tyria,  n.  var. 
By  ANNIE  TRUMBULL  SLOSSON. 

Differing  markedly  from  typical  form  of  H.  aurostriata  Graef 
by  having  wings  so  thickly  sprinkled  or  dusted  with  dark  red 
that  the  background  is  nearly  concealed.  The  whole  tint  of 
primaries  thus  becomes  a  deep  wine  color  or  Indian  red.  The 
secondaries,  instead  of  being  white  "with  traces  of  pink  scales 
along  outer  margin,"  have  a  broad  red  border,  which  leaves  little 
more  than  the  base  white.  The  thorax  is  very  dark  smoky  brown 
with  faint  purplish  tinge.  In  one  striking  form,  almost  deserving 
a  varietal  name  of  its  own,  the  red  dots  on  primaries  coalesce 
and  form  a  solid,  heavy  median  band,  making  the  whole  area 
between  the  two  characteristic  transverse  lines  an  even,  uniform 
red. 

Described  from  nine  males  and  two  females  taken  at  various 
times  in  Punta  Gorda,  Fla. 


-o 


A  NEW  FORM  OF  PAGARA. 

By  HARRISON  G.  DYAR. 

Pagara  eudora  n.  sp. — White,  pectinations  of  antennae  and  eyes  black. 
Head  white,  with  a  slight  yellowish  tint,  ocher-yellow  behind  in  a  trans- 
verse band  running  behind  the  eyes;  palpi  dusky  above.  Wings  white 
above  and  below,  not  thickly  scaled  centrally;  a  few  yellow  scales  at  base 
of  fore  wing.  Veins  7-9  of  fore  wing  stalked,  10  from  near  apex  of  cell; 
on  hind  wings  vein  8  arises  beyond  middle  of  cell,  5  rather  close  to  4. 
Abdomen  white,  but  somewhat  imperfect  in  the  specimen.  Exp.  24  mm. 

Hab. — Texas.     One  specimen  from  Mr.  J.  Doll. 
Differs  from  P.  simplex,  of  which  it  may  be  a  variety,  in  being 
white. 


-o- 


Description  of  a  variety  of  Euphoria  heretofore  undescribed. 

By  EDW.  A.  KLAGES,  Crafton,  Pa. 

Euphoria  inda  Linn.  ,n.  var.  mgripcnnis. — This  variety  is  readily  distin- 
guished by  the  elytra  and  scutellum  being  entirely  sooty,  while  in  the 
type  the  same  portion  is  luteous,  with  small  black  spots. 

Described  from   $  and  9   in  my  collection. 
Occurs  near  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  in  September,  on  lilac. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW  HYMENOPTERA. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Las  Cruces,  N.  Mexico. 

The  types  of  all  descriptions  published  under  the  above  head 
will  be  placed  in  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomological 
Society. 

These  descriptions  have  been  prepared  at  the  suggestion  of 
Mr.  Fox,  without  whose  kindly  aid  I  should  not  have  been  able 
to  attempt  them. 

MUTHiLIDJE. 

Sphaerophthalma  foxi  n.  sp.  Ckll.  <j\ — Head  black,  rounded,  subquad- 
rate  seen  from  above,  punctured;  cheeks  with  sparse,  short,  whitish  hairs; 
crown  with  rather  sparse,  fulvous  hairs,  becoming  reddish  on  occiput; 
eyes  prominent,  shining;  antennas  very  dark  brown.  Thorax  black, 
punctate,  sides  with  sparse  whitish  hairs,  dorsum  of  pro-  and  mesothorax 
with  short,  not  at  all  dense,  orange-red  pubescence;  metathorax  punctate- 
reticulate,  with  some  long  black  hairs;  first  segment  of  abdomen  sub- 
nodose,  more  or  less  constricted  at  apex,  punctate,  dark  brown,  rather 
sparingly  hirsute  with  dark  hairs.  Abdomen  ovate-subacuminate;  above 
and  below,  except  the  first  segment  and  the  blackish  terminal  one,  bright 
orange-red,  with  a  short,  not  very  thick  pubescence  of  the  same  color. 
Legs  dark  brown,  femora  punctate.  Wings  dark  brown,  the  first  two 
submarginal  cells,  and  a  region  below  them,  being  distinctly  paler.  Mar- 
ginal cell  pointed  at  its  proximal,  and  squarely  and  broadly  truncate  at  its 
distal  end  ;  second  submarginal  receiving  the  recurrent  nervure  much 
before  its  middle;  second  transverso-cubital  nervure  broken  just  before 
the  point  of  junction  with  the  cubital,  leaving  the  second  submarginal  cell 
open;  third  submarginal  cell  incomplete  by  the  failure  of  the  lower  two- 
thirds  of  the  third  transverso-cubital  nervure.  Length  7-9  mm. ;  of  fore 
wing  5-6  mm. 

Hab. — luarez,  State  of  Chihuahua,  Mexico,  close  to  the  river 
bank;  two  specimens  running  on  the  ground,  Aug.  26,  1893 
(Ckll.). 

Mr.  Fox  observes  that  this  resembles  somewhat  S.  fulvokirtat 
but  it  is  clearly  distinct  from  that,  and  judging  from  the  descrip- 
tions, I  fail  to  associate  it  very  closely  with  any  described  species. 

As  it  was  taken  near  the  south  bank  of  the  river  which  flows 
between  the  United  States  and  Mexico,  it  is  to  be  looked  for 
within  U.  S.  territory,  although  it  cannot  yet  be  added  to  our 
lists. 

Sphaerophthalma  townsendi  n.  sp.  Ckll.  <$. — Black,  with  bright  orange- 
red  pubescence.  Head 'rounded,  pitch-black,  shining,  strongly  punctate, 


200  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

face  and  cheeks  with  short,  thick,  black  hairs;  crown  with  somewhat  scat- 
tered red  hairs.  Eyes  round,  prominent.  Thorax  ovate,  slightly  broader 
than  head,  pitch-black,  strongly  punctured;  the  punctures  on  the  meta- 
thorax  are  so  extremely  large  and  close  together  that  this  portion  might 
justly  be  described  as  reticulate.  The  dorsum  of  the  pro-  and  meso- 
thorax  is  densely  clothed  with  very  brilliant  orange-red  hairs;  the  hairs 
on  the  metathorax  are  somewhat  longer,  not  so  dense  and  black;  first 
abdominal  segment  widened  gradually,  large,  not  at  all  nodose,  practically 
sessile  upon  the  second.  Abdomen  suboval,  not  very  much  longer  than 
thorax,  pitch-black,  closely  punctured;  first  and  second  segments  clothed 
with  black  hairs,  which  are  short  and  rather  sparse  on  the  second;  dorsum 
and  sides  of  the  remaining  segments  thickly  clothed  with  brilliant  orange- 
red  hairs.  Antennae  black,  the  tips  somewhat  pale.  Legs  black,  with 
short  black  hairs  like  those  on  underside  of  abdomen.  Wings  smoky- 
brown,  marginal  cell  subquadrate,  its  costo-proximal  angle  the  sharpest, 
the  costo-distal  nearly  a  right  angle;  second  submarginal  receiving  recur- 
rent nervure  before  its  middle;  a  hyaline  spot  just  below  apex  of  second 
submarginal,  Length  about  n  mm.;  of  front  wing  8  mm. 

Hab. — Zuni  River,  Arizona,  July  28th  (C.  H.  T.  Tovvnsencl), 
one  specimen. 

Notwithstanding  the  difference  in  the  shape  of  the  first  abdom- 
inal segment,  this  seems  to  be  closely  related  to  .5".  coc$ineohirta, 
from  which  it  may  be  readily  distinguished  by  the  shape  of  the 
abdomen,  and  by  the  greater  length  of  the  marginal  cell  in  coc- 
cineohirta  in  proportion  to  its  breadth.  The  hyaline  line  crossing 
the  second  submarginal  cell  in  coccineohirta  is  barely  indicated  in 
townsendi.  The  coccineohirta  used  for  comparison  is  a  pallid  va- 
riety found  at  Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.  I  have  not  seen  the  Califor- 
nian  type. 

Photopsis  territus  n.  sp.  Ckll.  <$. — Head  and  antennae  honey-color,  eyes 
large,  black,  shining,  head  round,  shining;  first  joint  of  flagellum  shorter 
than  second,  and  very  short  in  comparison  to  the  same  joint  in  P.  mellipes, 
which  resembles  the  present  species  in  its  pale  legs.  Thorax  elongate- 
ovate,  honey-color,  with  sparse,  pale  hairs,  finely  punctate;  metathorax 
swollen,  reticulate,  with  long  white  hairs.  Abdomen  elongate,  petiolate; 
petiole  joint  moderately  long,  fairly  stout,  not  much  swollen,  terminally 
subsessile,  strongly  punctured,  hirsute  with  white  hairs;  abdomen  rather 
narrow,  shining,  tapering,  honey-color,  with  the  terminal  third  more  or 
less  fuscous,  hirsute  with  sparse,  long,  white  hairs,  and  shorter  ones  fring- 
ing the  ends  of  the  segments.  Legs  pale  yellowish,  with  long  white 
hairs.  Wings  clear,  hyaline,  spotless,  slightly  iridescent,  venation  ex- 
tremely pale;  stigma  honey-yellow,  somewhat  more  than  half  included  in 
marginal  cell;  marginal  cell  lanceolate,  obliquely  truncate  at  tip;  first  sub- 
marginal  elongate,  narrower  than  marginal;  second  submarginal  irregu- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2OI 

larly  subquadrate,  receiving  the  recurrent  nervure  a  little  before  its  mid- 
dle; the  cubital  nervure  elbowed  at  the  point  of  junction,  and  also  where 
it  joins  the  first  transverso-cubital  nervure;  third  submarginal  entirely 
wanting.  Length  about  n  mm.;  of  front  wing  7  mm. 

Hab. — Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.,  August  (Ckll.). 

Mr.  Fox,  who  first  determined  this  species  as  new,  remarks 
that  it  is  near  attenuata  Blake,  but  larger,  first  segment  of  abdo- 
men longer,  second  submarginal  cell  differently  shaped. 

The  specific  name  occurred  to  me  because  the  species  is  so 
pale,  with  its  hairs  white  and  standing  on  end. 

In  comparing  the  species  of  Photopsis  from  Wet  Mountain 
Valley,  Colordo  (8000  feet),  with  those  from  Mesilla  Valley,  N. 
Mex.  (3800  feet),  it  is  remarkable  that  all  of  the  former  (alcanor, 
glabrella,  atratd)  have  black  heads  and  three  submarginal  cells, 
while  all  the  latter  (territus,  concolor,  danaus,  mellipes)  have 
brown  or  yellowish  heads  and  two  submarginal  cells. 


STUDIES  AMONG  THE  FOSSORIAL  HYMENOPTERA.-III. 

Synopsis  of  the  N.  Am.  species  of  the  genus  Mellinus  Fab. 

By  WILLIAM  J.  Fox. 

MELLINUS  Fab. 
Mellinus  Fab.,  Ent.  Syst.   emend,  ii,  p.  285,  1793;  Packard,  Proc.  Ent. 

Soc.  Phila.  vi,  p.  418,  1867;  Handlirsch,  Sitzb.  d.  k.  Akad.  d. 

YYissensch.  math.-naturvv.  classe,  xcvi,  p.  271. 

This  genus  is  easily  distinguished  by  the  petiolated  abdomen, 
the  recurrent  nervures  being  received  by  the  first  and  third  sub- 
marginal  cells  and  the  long,  lanceolate  marginal  cell.  The  body 
is  usually  smooth  and  often  gorgeously  ornamented.  The  larvae, 
it  is  said,  are  fed  on  Diptera,  the  imagoes  being  frequently  found 
in  the  vicinity  of  the  excrement  of  cattle,  where  they  prey  on  the 
various  flies  there  congregated.*  Our  species  seem  to  be  rare 
in  collections,  although  the  collection  of  the  American  Entomo- 
logical Society  contains  all  the  North  American  species  except 
M.  alpestris  from  Mexico. 

1.  First  segment  of  abdomen  red 2. 

First  segment  of  abdomen  colored  otherwise 3. 

2.  Abdomen,  except  first  segment,  black,  with  prominent,  yellow  mark- 

ings; first  segment  strongly  nodose  at  apex;  femora  more  or  less 
reddish rufinodus. 

*  See  Handlirsch's  paper  mentioned  in  the  above  synonymy  ;  also  Cresson,  Proc.  Ent. 
Soc.  Phila.  iv,  p.  475. 


202  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

Abdomen  entirely  red,  sometimes  in  the  $,  and  always  in  the  $ ,  with 
the  two  or  three  apical  segments  black;  first  abdominal  segment 
not  nodose  at  apex  ;  femora  black,  the  fore  and  medial  pair 
marked  with  yellow  (sometimes  the  clypeus  entirely,  anterior 
orbits  broadly  and  scape  in  front,  yellow;  =  personatus  n.  var.). 

abdominalis. 

3.  Abdomen  entirely  black,  without  yellow  markings;  no  yellow  on  or- 

bits; median  tooth  of  clypeus  longest;  first  abdominal  segment 
slender,  strongly  nodose  at  apex  and  somewhat  longer  than  the 

hind  femora pygmaeus. 

Abdomen  marked  more  or  less  with  yellow 4. 

4.  Clypeus,  except  fore  margin  in  the  $,  metathorax,  petiole  and  second 

abdominal  segment  without  yellow  markings;  third  abdominal 
segment  with  a  yellow  mark  on  each  side;  in  the  tf  the  scape  and 
first  two  joints  of  the  flagellum  beneath,  yellow  .  .  bimaculatns. 
Clypeus  entirely,  two  marks  on  basal  portion  of  metathorax,  basal 
half  of  first  abdominal  segment  and  maculations  on  the  second 
and  third  segments  of  abdomen,  yellow;  cf  unknown,  alpestris. 

1.  Mellinus  rufinodus  Cress. 

M.  rufinodus  Cresson,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.  iv,  p.  475,  9cf- 
Colorado,  Montana.     Some  specimens  are  much  stouter  than 
others,  the  petiole  appearing  shorter  and  broader  than  usual. 

2.  Mellinus  abdominalis  Cress. 

M.  abdominalis  Cress.,  Proc.  Ent.  Section,  Acad.  Nat.  Sci.  Phila. 

iSSi,  p.  xxxix,  9J1. 

Montana.  To  several  female  specimens  having  the  greater  part 
of  the  head  in  front  yellow  I  have  given  the  varietal  name  per- 
sonatus. The  males  of  this  species  are  peculiar  for  their  long, 
slender  abdomen. 

3.  Mellinus  bimaculatus  Harris. 

M.  bimaculatus  Say  MS. 

1\L  bimaculatns  Harris,  Cat.  Ins.  Mass.  (2d  ed.),  p.  68,  1835;  Pack- 
ard, Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Phila.  vi,  p.  419,  9- 

Maine,  New  Hampshire.  A  specimen  before  me  from  the  latter 
State  was  collected  at  Franconia  by  Mrs.  A.  T.  Slosson.  The 
$  differs  from  the  9  by  having  the  anterior  margin  of  the  cly- 
peus bordered  narrowly  with  yellow  ;  first  three  joints  of  the 
antennae  yellow  beneath  and  the  remaining  testaceous;  last  ven- 
tral plate  of  abdomen  broadly  and  triangularly  emarginate. 

I  have  not  seen  Harris'  description  of  this  insect  and  rely, 
therefore,  on  Packard's  synonymy.  In  the  first  edition  of  the 
Catalogue  of  the  Insects  of  Massachusetts  this  insect  is  simply 
listed  and  without  a  description. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  203 

4.  Mellinus  pygmaeus  Handl. 

M.  pygmesus  Handlirsch,  1.  c.  p.  289,  pi.  ii,  fig.  i,  9c 

Mexico.     Easily  distinguished  by  the  paucity  of  maculations. 

5.  Mellinus  alpestris  Cam. 

M.  alpestris  Cam.,  Biol.  Centr.-Am.  Hym.  ii,  p.  85,  pi.  v,  fig.  6,  $. 

Mexico.     Not  seen. 


-o- 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW  COCCID^E. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL. 

So  far  as  the  material  permits,  specimens  of  the  species  de- 
scribed under  the  above  head  will  be  sent  to  the  U.  S.  National 
Museum  and  coll.  American  Entomological  Society. 

i.  Lecanium  urichi  n.  sp.— Red-brown,  very  shiny,  nearly  circular,  mod- 
erately convex,  the  segments  marked  on  upper  surface  by  black  or  black- 
ish transverse  lines  interrupted  at  regular  intervals.  Posterior  incision 
nearly  i  mm.  long,  with  contiguous  sides.  The  two  anal  plates  together 
forming  a  practically  equilateral  diamond-shaped  quadrangle.  Length 
4%  mm.,  breadth  4^  mm.,  alt.  nearly  2^  mm. 

I  found  no  trace  of  legs  or  antennae  after  boiling  in  soda,  nor  could  I 
detect  them  by  examining  the  underside  of  an  untreated  specimen  with 
a  lens.  The  mouth-parts  were  distinct,  as  usual.  The  lateral  incisions 
are  very  deep  and  large,  bulbous,  with  the  margin  of  the  bulb  thickened 
and  appearing  dark  brown.  This  appearance  is  very  different  from  that 
in  any  other  Lecanium  I  have  seen.  Margin  with  extremely  small,  but 
moderately  stout  spines,  fairly  numerous.  Derm  not  tessellate,  but 
crowded  with  very  large  gland  pits,  which  by  transmitted  light  appear 
dark  brown  on  a  light  brown  ground. 

J^ab. — Trinidad,  West  Indies,  in  a  nest  of  the  ant  Cremasto- 
gaster  brevispinosa  Mayr.  var.  sent  by  Mr.  Urich,  September, 
1893. 

I  was  not  able  to  study  this  species  at  the  time  it  was  received, 
and  until  I  made  a  careful  examination  of  it  recently,  I  did  not 
realize  its  interesting  character.  It  is  the  first  Lecaniitm  known 
to  live  in  ants'  nests,  and  is,  besides,  a  very  peculiar  form,  per- 
haps subgenerically  distinct  from  the  rest  of  the  genus.  Its  shape 
and  appearance  somewhat  recalls  L.  begonia  Douglas,  but  it  is 
widely  different  from  that  in  important  characters.  It  is  also  ap- 
parently the  first  Coccid  found  in  the  nest  of  any  Cremastogastcr, 


204  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [June, 

the  species  of  that  genus  being,  according  to   my  experience, 
arboreal. 

2.  Eriococcus  COCCineus  n.  sp.  —Female  oval,  shiny,  plump,  naked,  dark 
crimson  (occasionally  dull  yellow),  with  short  white  hairs  round  the  mar- 
gin. Forms  an  oval,  rather  closely-felted  white  sac,  which  covers  it;  in 
this,  in  March,  the  pale  orange  eggs  are  laid.  Length  of  9 ,  with  sac,  3  mm. 

Antenna?  seven-jointed,  3  longest,  then  4,  then  2  and  i,  then  5,  6,  7  sub- 
equal,  but  of  these  three,  7  somewhat  longest.  Formula  34  (12)  7  (56). 
A  false  joint  slightly  indicated  in  middle  of  third.  Seventh  blunt,  rounded. 
Antennae  of  nearly  uniform  width  throughout,  but  slightly  tapering  dis- 
tally.  Legs  well  developed,  pale  brown.  Trochanter  with  a  hair;  tarsus 
longer  than  tibia;  sides  of  body  with  stout,  blunt  spines.  Mentum  ap- 
parently three-  (certainly  two-)  jointed.  Anal  ring  with  six  stout  hairs, 
which  extend  beyond  the  tubercles.  The  other  two,  if  present,  are  less 
developed;  anal  tubercles  elongated  and  very  distinct,  each  bearing  a 
couple  of  short  hairs  at  its  end. 

Hab. — Native  country  uncertain,  found  on  a  "  Rat-tail  Cactus" 
in  a  greenhouse  at  Lincoln,  Neb.  Sent  by  Prof.  L.  Bruner. 

This  is  the  first  Eriococcus  found  on  any  of  the  Cactaceae,  and 
it  will  not  be  difficult  to  distinguish  it  from  any  of  the  described 
species.  In  its  j-jointed  antennae,  and  tibia  shorter  than  tarsus, 
it  resembles  E.  raithbyi  Maskell,  found  in  New  Zealand  on  Fagus; 
but  it  differs  from  that  insect,  as  might  be  expected,  in  a  variety 
of  ways. 

The  crimson  form  is  typical;  the  dull  yellow  mutation  may  be 
termed  E.  coccineus,  form  lutescens.  E.  raithbyi,  similarly,  is 
sometimes  yellow,  sometimes  red.  In  Dactylopius,  some  species 
are  always  yellowish,  while  allied  but  distinct  species  are  always 
pink. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  May  was  mailed  April  30,  1894. 


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ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.    V. 


SEPTEMBER,   1894. 


No.  7. 


CONTENTS: 


Casey— Some  passing  comments 205 

Tutt — The  absence  of  relationship  be- 
tween Pyralidina  and  Pterophorina  208 

Cockerell — Coccidse  found  on  Ivy 210 

Ehrmann— Addition  to  a  local  list  of 

the  genus  Catocala,  etc 212 

Banks— Classification  of  Arthropods....  213 
Daggett— An  outbreak  of  grasshoppers  216 


Editorial 219. 

Economic  Entomology 220 

Notes  and  News 223 

Entomological  Literature 225 

Entomological  Section 233 

Cockerell — Descriptions    of    new    Hy- 

menoptera 234. 


SOME  PASSING  COMMENTS. 

By  TH.  L.  CASEY. 

The  recent  paper  on  Smicronyx  by  Dr.  Dietz  (Trans.  Am. 
Ent.  Soc.  xxi,  p.  113),  seems  to  be  a  painstaking  and  discrimi- 
native piece  of  work,  and  it  is  for  this  reason  more  especially 
that  I  regret  to  find  myself  still  unable  to  accept  his  conclusions 
regarding  genera  in  the  group  Smicronychi, — not  Desmorhines 
or  Desmori,  be  it  mentioned,  as  Smicronyx  is  a  much  older  name, 
long  since  adopted  for  the  group  in  question. 

I  fail,  for  example,  to  find  the  slightest  difference  in  a  generic 
sense  between  the  tibial  structure  of  constrictus  and  profusus,- 
that  is,  between  Desmoris  and  Smicronyx, — and  the  habital  pecu- 
liarities of  constrictus  are  plainly  reproduced  in  griscus  and  ob- 
tectus,  and,  gradually  less  distinctly,  in  other  species.  The  hind 
tibiae  are  of  the  same  general  structure  throughout,  but  in  certain 
species  the  spurs  become  relatively  smaller,  although  preserving 
the  same  form  and  inward  curvature;  in  these  cases  there  is  fre- 
quently a  small  inflexed  tuft  of  hairs  which  projects  downward 


206  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

from  the  inner  apical  angle  of  the  tibia,  obscuring  the  tip  of  the 
spur  and  giving  the  appearance  figured  under  low  power  in  the 
case  of  scapalis  by  Dr.  Dietz.  If  the  author  will  examine  a  series 
of  specimens  under  a  power  sufficient  to  reveal  the  true  structure 
— say  a  two-thirds  inch  objective,  he  cannot  fail  to  perceive  this. 
The  diversity  in  size  of  the  tibial  spurs  is  comparatively  slight, 
and  is  purely  specific;  the  posterior  spurs  are  often  noticeably 
smaller  than  the  others. 

The  eyes  are  more  or  less   narrowly  separated  beneath,  but 
variable  in  size,   and,  when  larger,  of  course  approximate  still 
more  closely;  the  mere  fact  of  mutually  touching  occasionally  is 
consequently  of  no  value  from  a  generic  point  of  view,  unless 
accompanied  by  strongly  marked  differences  in  facies.     This  we 
•do  not  find  in  the  case  of  Synertha,  nor  any  other  structural  pe- 
culiarity, and  I  think  it  will  be  evident  that  Synertha  cannot  stand 
for  even  a  well-marked  group,  since  the  eyes  approach  each  other 
:so  gradually  that  it  will  be  impossible  to  place  intermediate  species. 

There  is  only  one  other  character  given,  and  this  relates  to  the 
antennal  club;  unfortunately  this  is  also  without  value,  as  there 
.are  all  intergrades  between  the  slightly  larger  and  stouter  club 
of  some  more  robust  species,  and  the  smaller  and  slighter  club 
of  the  majority;  there  is  no  radical  difference  of  structure  in  any 
direction  however. 

In  all  of  these  cases  it  will  be  observed  that  where  difference 
of  facies  is  principally  relied  upon  for  generic  separation,  Dr. 
Dietz  has  assumed  a  single  organic  structural  character  of  very 
slight  weight  and  connected  by  numerous  intergradational  forms 
— non-existent  in  the  case  of  Desmoris — for  defining  the  genus, 
and  where  the  single  structural  character  is  more  evident,  as  in 
Synertha,  there  is  a  complete  absence  of  habital  peculiarity.  In 
fact,  Smicronyx  is  one  of  those  genera  like  Mycetochara,  of  the 
Cistelidae,  in  which  it  is  impossible  to  define  generic  subdivisions, 
although  some  structural  differences  exist;  at  the  same  time  there 
is  apparently  more  warrant  for  generic  disintegration  in  Myceto- 
chara than  in  Smicronyx. 

Dr.  Dietz  seems  to  differ  from  me  to  some  extent  in  the  iden- 
tification of  LeContean  species,  and  it  will  be  well  to  take  these 
up  in  order.  In  the  first  place  I  am  altogether  certain  that  my 
identification  of  corpiilentus,  ovipennis,  griseus,  obtectus,  pusio, 
tychioides,  fulvus,  sordidus,  cinereus  and  squamnlatus  is  correct, 


1894-]    v  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  207 

for  my  types  agree  in  every  particular  with  LeConte's  type  speci- 
mens and  descriptions,  and  were  taken  in  the  same,  or  virtually 
the  same  locality.  I  could  not  change  my  views  regarding  these 
species  therefore,  in  any  event.  In  regard  to  seriatus  we  disagree, 
and  it  must  be  admitted  that  my  seriatus  did  not  correspond 
completely  with  the  type  of  LeConte,  and  was  considered  by  me 
as  a  slight  variation;  it  has  apparently  been  described  under  the 
name  spretus  Dtz.  I  can  only  say  at  present  that  Dr.  Dietz  may 
have  described  the  original  seriatus  under  that  name,  but  the 
specimen  at  present  bearing  the  type  label  seems  to  differ  like- 
wise from  his  description  in  its  larger  size  and  other  characters. 
Regarding  vestitus  we  seem  to  agree,  but  neither  of  us  has  de- 
scribed the  original  vestitus;  we  have,  however,  described  the 
species  bearing  the  type  label  at  present.  There  seems  to  be 
evidence  in  several  other  directions  that  the  original  type  labels 
of  LeConte  have  been  accidentally  shifted  in  some  cases;  he 
could  surely  not  have  made  such  errors  of  description  as  in  the 
case  of  vestitus.  In  the  case  of  flavican s  my  description  corre- 
sponds with  the  specimen  at  present  bearing  the  type  label  in  the 
LeConte  cabinet,  but  not  in  every  particular  with  the  description. 
I  do  not  know  flavicans  Lee.  (Dietz).  We  seem  to  agree  re- 
garding discoideus  and  amcenus,  but  my  scapalis  is  the  form  de- 
scribed as  compar  by  Dietz.  I  do  not  think  that  it  differs  spe- 
cifically from  scapalis,  with  the  type  of  which  I  compared  it 
carefully.  My  constrictus  Say,  seems  to  include  a  number  of 
Dr.  Dietz' s  species;  this  batch  of  specimens  is  still  an  enigma  to 
me,  for,  with  decided  differences  in  the  beak  and  antennae,  all 
the  other  structural  characters  as  well  as  habitus  seem  to  be 
similar  throughout.  It  reminds  me  of  the  variations  in  Centrinus 
salebrosiis,  where  a  dozen  apparent  species  might  be  announced, 
and  in  fact  I  originally  described  some  seven  or  eight  in  the  small 
subgroup  containing  salebrosits,  but  afterwards  reduced  them  to 
the  four  which  will  probably  prove  stable. 

I  will  not  further  involve  the  subject  by  suggesting  synonymy, 
but  at  the  present  time  need  only  state  that  silaceus,  which  Dr. 
Dietz  regards  on  page  173  as  identical  with  imbricatus,  bears  no 
resemblance  whatever  to  that  species,  also  that  corniculalus  \vas 
not  described  by  Fabricius,  as  stated  on  page  164  and  twice  on 
177,  but  by  Fahraeus,  and  that  quadrifer,  on  page  148,  is  not  a 
'  n.  sp. ,"  but  had  been  previously  described. 


2o8  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

In  conclusion,  I  am  forced  to  believe  that  the  author  has  given 
too  much  weight  to  the  relative  lengths  of  the  basal  joints  of  the 
antennal  funicle,  which  seem  to  be  peculiarly  unstable  in  Smi- 
cronyx.  They  vary  sensibly  in  relative  proportion,  not  only 
sexually,  but  among  individuals  of  the  same  sex,  and  I  cannot 
perceive  that  the  sex  has  been  mentioned  at  all  in  a  systematic 
way  in  separating  species  by  these  variations. 

The  present  time  is  as  convenient  as  any  for  alluding  to  the 
recent  effort  of  Dr.  Brendel  (£NT.  NEWS,  v,  p.  195)  to  prove  the 
identity  of  Reichenbachia  fundata  with  albionica  Mots.,  on  the 
strength  of  a  specimen  said  by  his  friend  Raffray  to  be  one  of 
Motschulsky's  types.  It  would  give  me  pleasure  to  acknowledge 
this  synonym,  if  it  were  not  for  the  fact  that  Motschulsky  was 
careful  in  this  instance  to  give  a  detailed  drawing  of  the  male 
antenna  of  albionica,  and  this  corresponds  thoroughly  with  the 
species  so  abundant  in  the  more  northern  regions  of  the  Pacific 
coast  identified  as  albionica  by  LeConte.  Fundata  must  there- 
fore remain  fundata  still. 

Euplectus  raffrayi  Bndl.  (1.  c.),  is  either  the  male  of  Oropodes 
orbiceps  Csy.,  or  else  is  an  extremely  closely  allied  species  of  the 
same  genus.  It  is  not  a  Eiiplectus. 

Ctenisis  dispar  was  described  by  Dr.  Sharp  from  the  tropical 
regions  of  southern  Mexico,  near  Vera  Cruz,  and  C.  raffrayi 
Csy.,  from  the  arid  parts  of  Arizona,  is  beyond  doubt  a  distinct 
species  not  particularly  closely  allied. 


-o- 


The  Absence  of  Relationship  Between  Pyralidina  and 

Pterophorina. 

ByJ.  W.  TUTT,  F.  E.  S.,  Westcombe  Hill,  London,  S.  E. 

In  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  p.  104,  Professor  Fernald  writes: 
"Other  authors  consider  the  last-named  group  (Pterophorina) 
as  a  family  under  the  Pyralidina,  but  it  seems  more  natural  to 
consider  them  a  distinct  family  and  place  them  immediately  after 
the  Pyralidae,  to  which  they  seem  most  nearly  allied." 

Based  on  the  superficial  characters  of  the  imago  alone,  the  two 
alternatives  suggested  above  were  those  which  authors,  who  dealt 
with  the  imagines  and  knew  but  little  or  nothing  of  the  early 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2OQ 

stages,  used  to  adopt,  but  the  study  of  their  biological  relations 
as  exhibited  by  their  eggs,  larvae  and  pupae  show  that  both  of 
these  positions  (except  so  far  as  they  relate  to  the  Alucitina)  are 
utterly  untenable. 

The  "  plume"  moths  must  be  divided  into  two  distinct  families, 
—the  Pterophorina  and  the  Alucitina. 

The  Alucitina*  belong  to  the  Pyraloid  section  of  the  Obtectae, 
the  larva  of  which  have  a  complete  circle  of  hooks  to  ventral 
prolegs,  and  the  pupa  of  which  is  "  smooth  and  rounded,  later- 
ally solid,  inner  dissepiments  flimsy.  The  free  segments  in  both 
sexes  are  the  fifth  and  sixth  abdominal.  Never  emerges  from 
the  cocoon  or  progresses  in  any  way  and  dehisces  by  irregular 
fracture." 

The  Pterophorina  belong  to  the  Incomplete,  and  have  no  af- 
finities with  Alucitina.  Both  groups  have  under  the  same  or 
similar  necessities  developed  "plume"  wings,  and  this  is  the 
only  connection.  The  pupa  is  attached  by  a  cremaster;  "less 
solid  and  rounded,  appendages  often  partially  free.  Free  seg- 
ments may  extend  upwards  to  the  3d  abdominal.  The  yth  ab- 
dominal segment  is  always  free  in  the  male,  fixed  in  the  female. 
Dehiscence  accompanied  by  freeing  of  segments  and  appendages 
previously  fixed." 

The  type  of  Alucitina  may  be  taken  as  Alucita  hexadactyla, 
that  of  Pterophorina  as  Pterophorus  monodactyla. 

The  greatest  nuisance  at  the  present  time  is  the  impossibility 
of  bringing  our  would-be  teachers  in  the  Old  and  New  World 
into  line,  so  that  intelligent  scholars  in  both  areas  may  proceed 
on  the  same  advanced  lines.  Professor  Fernald's  lessons  are,  I 
know,  called  "  Elementary,"  but  they  need  not,  therefore,  pro- 
pound exploded  notions,  nor  bring  forward  as  up-to-date  science, 
what  recent  experiment  and  observation  have  pioved  untenable. 
We  should  scarcely  offer  as  an  elementary  lesson  in  Geology  the 
Biblical  account  of  the  Flood,  and  the  supposed  connection  be- 
tween Pterophorina  and  the  Pyralidina  is  almost  as  obsolete. 

I  would  suggest  that  American  entomologists,  who  are  inter- 
ested in  the  broader  biological  studies  as  exhibited  in  the  structure 
of  the  eggs,  larvae  and  pupae,  and  who  think  that  biological  study 

*  Called  -by  Prof.  Fernald  Orneodinse,  probably  a  name  of  Mr.  Meyrick's,  whose  clas- 
sification of  the  Pyralidina  has  not  yet  been  accepted  in  Britain  by  any  lepidopterists  of 
repute. 


210  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

based  on  all  the  stages  of  an  insect  is  necessary  to  determine  its 
relationship,  and  who  do  not  think  the  good  old  museum  methods 
of  neuration,  palpi  and  hairy  eyes  (good  as  they  may  be  as  minor 
individual  factors,  helping  to  form  a  collective  opinion)  are  suffi- 
cient for  the  present  ever-advancing  era,  should  read  Dr.  Chap- 
man's essay  "  On  some  neglected  points  in  the  structure  of  the 
pupae  of  Heterocerous  Lepidoptera,  and  their  probable  value  in 
classification;  with  some  associated  observations  on  larval  pro- 
legs"  (Trans.  Ent.  Soc.  Lond.,  1893,  pp.  97-119);  The  Presi- 
dent's address  to  the  British  Association  considered  in  its  relation 
to  Entomology"  (Ent.  Record,  iv,  pp.  262-265;  "The  evolution 
of  the  Lepidopterous  pupa"  (Ent.  Record,  vol.  v,  pp.  24-28)  etc. 

In  the  "Canadian  Entomologist"  for  March,  Mr.  W.  H.  Ed- 
wards writes:  "  There  never  will  be  a  final  authoritative  revision 
of  any  genus  of  butterflies  till  the  preparatory  stages  in  every 
species  of  it  are  known."  This  is  undoubtedly  true,  in  spite  of 
the  wails  to  the  contrary.  Those  who  consider  themselves  enti- 
tled to  speak  as  authorities  because  they  study  the  dried  bodies 
of  insects  are  legion  and  many  would  not  naturally  grant  Mr. 
Edwards'  assumption.  Others,  however,  would.  I  would  ask— 
If  this  be  true  for  the  revision  of  a  genus,  how  much  more  neces- 
sarily is  it  so  when  families  have  to  be  classified  ? 

I  trust  this  may  commend  itself  to  the  attrition  of  some  at 
least  of  our  American  lepidopterists,  and  I  beg  to  thank  in  ad- 
vance our  editor  for  allowing  me  to  promulgate  these  views  and 
to  set  forth  the  above  facts. 

o 

THE  COCCID/E  FOUND  ON  IVY    HEDERA 

By  T.   D.   A.   COCKERELL,  New  Mexico  Ag.  Exp.  Station. 

Having  had  occasion  to  study  some  Coccidae  found  on  ivy,  I 
have  brought  together  the  following  notes  on  the  species  infesting 
that  plant: 

(i.)  Phenacoccus  hederce  (Sign.). — On  ivy  at  Montpellier, 
France. 

(2.)  Lecaniwn  maculatum  Signoret. — On  ivy  at  Montpellier, 
France. 

(3.)  Lecanium  hesperidum  (L.). — Comstock  in  America,  and 
Maskell  in  New  Zealand,  mention  this  as  found  on  ivy.  Mr.  J. 
Fletcher  sent  me  specimens  on  Hedera  helix,  which  came  from 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  211 

British  Columbia.  Douglas  records  what  was  thought  to  be  L. 
lauri  (Boisduval)  on  Hedera;  but  as  Mr.  Maskell  has  pointed 
out,  it  appears  to  be  impossible  to  recognize  Jauri  as  a  species 
distinct  from  hesperidum.  If  lauri  were  to  be  held  distinct,  per- 
haps the  specimens  from  Mr.  Fletcher  might  be  referred  to  it; 
but  my  own  experience  of  these  forms,  though  not  very  exten- 
sive, quite  bears  out  Mr.  Maskell' s  contention  that  the  two  names 
indicate  but  one  species. 

(4.)  Aspidiotus  hederce  (Vallot)  Signoret. — Found  on  ivy  and 
other  evergreen  plants  in  Europe.  In  America  it  is  not  recog- 
nized, but  A.  nerii  (Bouche)  is  recorded  as  found  on  ivy  in 
Florida  and  New  York.  On  leaves  of  Hedera  helix  from  British 
Columbia,  sent  by  Mr.  Fletcher,  were  scales  which  I  noted  as 
Aspidiotus  nerii  variety.  Having  now  received  some  ivy  leaves 
from  Mountain  View,  California  (E.  M.  Ehrhorn),  much  infested 
by  the  same  scale  on  the  upper  side,  I  have  been  led  to  look 
more  closely  into  the  matter.  The  scales  are  pale  brown,  with 
sublateral  pale  yellowish  very  inconspicuous  exuviae;  in  structure, 
the  insect  is  like  A.  nerii;  there  are  three  pairs  of  lobes,  and  the 
usual  groups  of  ventral  glands.  Certainly,  to  the  best  of  my 
judgment,  the  insect  is  a  variety  of  nerii.  But  is  hederce  the 
same  ?  The  European  species  is  supposed  to  have  central  exuviae, 
and  no  groups  of  ventral  glands,  otherwise  it  seems  to  agree 
sufficiently. 

My  impression  decidedly  is,  that  our  nerii  var.  on  ivy  is  true 
hederce,  notwithstanding  apparent  discrepancies;  but  if  so,  the 
two  are  hardly  distinct  species.  Should  this  surmise  prove  cor- 
rect when  European  hederce  has  been  compared  with  true  nerii, 
a  curious  result  appears  to  follow, — namely,  that  A.  hederce  stands 
as  the  species,  and  nerii  (typical  form  on  oleander)  falls  as  a  va- 
riety of  it.  A.  nerii  dates  from  1833;  according  to  Comstock, 
the  date  of  hederce  is  1829.  I  gather  from  Signoret's  work,  how- 
ever, that  Vallot  published  two  papers,  the  first  in  1830,  the  second 
in  1839.  I  must  leave  it  to  those  who  have  access  to  the  papers 
of  this  author  to  ascertain  the  true  date. 

(5.)  Asterolecanium  hederce  (Licht.) — Found  in  France,  and 
described  as  a  Planchonia.  P.  valloti  Licht.  is  the  same.  Dr. 
J.  V.  Carus  has  kindly  copied  for  me  the  original  description,  to 
which  I  had  not  access.  Last  year  Targioni-Tozzetti  described 
Asterolecanium  massalongianum,  a  supposed  new  species  found 


212  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

on  Hederea  helix  in  Italy,  associated  with  Aspidiotus  hedercz. 
Without  having  compared  specimens,  it  is  perhaps  rash  to  give 
an  opinion,  but  I  have  little  doubt  that  P.  hederce  Licht.  and  A. 
massalongianum  Targ.  are  identical,  the  former  of  course  having 
priority.  The  description  by  Lichtenstein  is  short,  and  there  is 
no  figure;  whereas,  that  of  Targioni-Tozzetti  is  detailed  and  well 
illustrated. 

Thus  the  ivy  Coccidae,  nominally  eight,  may  be  reduced  to  five 
by  the  suppression  of  L.  lauri,  A.  nerii  and  Ast.  massalongianum. 


-o- 


Addition  to  a  Local  List  of  the  Genus  Catocala,  and  a  note  on 

Papilio  cresphontes. 

By  GEO.  A.  EHRMANN,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

I  find  in  looking  over  my  "  Local  List  of  the  Genus  Catocala," 
which  was  published  in  the  ENT.  NEWS,  vol.  iii,  pp.  168-69, 
that  I  am  now  able  to  make  considerable  increase  in  it,  especially 
with  the  material  that  I  have  accumulated  during  the  collecting 
season  of  1893,  and  some  few  that  I  received  from  some  of  our 
local  collectors.  I  have  not  listed  any  that  were  not  captured  in 
or  about  Pittsburgh.  The  additions  are  as  follows: 

Catocala  elonympha  Hbn.  Catocala  denussa  Ehr. 

inicronyiiipha  Gn.  inubcns\.  hinda  French. 
cerogama\.  bunberi  Grt.  v.  flavidalis  Grt. 

ilia  v.  uxor  Gn.  amatrix  v.  minis  Walk. 

parta  v.  perplcxa  Strk.  viduata  Gn. 

re/icta  Walk.  agrippina  Strk. 

habilis  v.  basalts  Grt.  lucetta  H.  Edw. 

With  these  additions  I  have  increased  my  previous  list  to 
thirty-nine  species  "including  a  new  species  to  the  fauna  of 
Boreal  America,"  and  twelve  catalogue  varieties. 

Papilio  cresphontes  Cram. — This  species  though  very  common 
south  of  here  has  been  taken  quite  frequently  north,  east  and 
west  of  our  locality,  but  never  to  my  knowledge  been  seen  in 
our  vicinity  until  the  Summer  of  1893,  when  it  appeared  among 
us  as  some  spirit  from  the  fairy  lands,  and  no  doubt  it  has  come 
to  stay,  as  I  have  taken  five  males  and  two  females  irom  the  I5th 
to  the  29th  of  August. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  213 

ON  A  CLASSIFICATION  OF  ARTHROPODS. 

By  NATHAN  BANKS. 

Prof.  J.  S.  Kingsley  has  recently  given  a  classification  of  Ar- 
thropods (Tuft's  College  Studies,  No.  i;  and  Am.  Nat.  1894,  pp. 
188-220).  Though  entomologists  do  not  often  care  for  such 
things,  still  the  opinions  of  the  "  general  biologist"  may  some- 
times merit  attention.  Prof.  Kingley's  classification  is  based  on 
embryological  data  where  it  is  obtainable.  He  divides  the  Ar- 
thropods into  three  great  groups:  Branchiata,  Insecta  and  Dip- 
lopoda,  leaving  unplaced  the  Pantopoda,  Pauropoda,  Tardigrada, 
Malacopoda  and  Linguatulina. 

For  many  years  it  has  been  plain  that  the  Arachnida  were  more 
closely  related  to  the  Crustacea  than  to  Insecta.  This  fact  has 
been  the  death  of  the  old  group  Tracheata.  But,  I  think  that 
with  the  disappearance  of  the  name  Tracheata  should  also  go  that 
of  Branchiata;  for  the  latter  is  certainly  more  uncharacteristic  of 
the  forms  placed  under  it  than  is  the  former.  The  Branchiata 
are  divided  into  the  Crustacea  (including  Trilobites  and  the  true 
Crustacea)  and  Acerata  (including  Limalus  and  Arachnida).  In- 
secta are  separated  into  two  groups  (classes):  Chilopoda  and 
Hexapoda.  Beyond  this  the  classification  is  but  little  developed, 
except  in  the  Crustacea,  where  he  follows  Grobben.  The  most 
interesting  part  of  the  paper  is  the  attempt  to  homologize  the 
appendages  of  the  various  groups.  The  results  are,  that  the  first 
appendage  (antennae)  of  Hexapods,  he  finds  is  not  represented 
elsewhere  in  the  Arthropoda.  That  the  second  appendage  of 
Hexapods  (probably  labrum,  as  it  is  cephalad  of  the  mandibles) 
is  not  represented  in  either  the  Arachnida  or  Limulus,  but  is  ho- 
mologous with  the  antennules  of  Crustacea.  After  this  the  ap- 
pendages follow  in  regular  order.  One  is  not  surprised  that  after 
such  conclusions  Prof.  Kingsley  is  almost  ready  to  doubt  the 
unity  of  the  Arthropoda.  One  reads  (p.  20,  Tuft's  College 
Studies,  No.  i)  that  the  Arthropoda  have  "typically,  a  pair  of 
appendages  to  each  somite."  But  there  is  not  a  word  of  ex- 
planation why  two  pairs  of  cephalic  appendages  have  disappeared 
in  both  Arachnids  and  Limulus,  and  one  in  the  Crustacea.  Ap- 
pendages near  the  mouth  appear  to  be  generally  desirable  and 
useful  in  Arthropods. 

The  purpose  of  the  evolutionist  I  take  to  be  the  search  for 


214  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

unity.  It  is  for  this  that  I  believe  in  the  unity  of  the  Arthropoda, 
the  more  so,  since  the  appendages  of  the  head  and  thorax  can  be 
homologized  without  the  loss  of  a  single  member.  The  Arthro- 
poda may  be  readily  divided  into  two  great  groups  by  the  ex- 
tension of  Pocock's  division  of  the  Tracheata;  into  Opisthogo- 
goneta,  with  the  openings  of  the  generative  organs  near  the  end 
of  the  body;  and  the  Progoneta,  with  the  openings  near  the  end 
of  the  thorax.  The  former  includes  Peripatus,  Chilopoda  and 
Hexapoda.  The  latter  includes  Crustacea,  Trilobites,  Limulus, 
Arachnida  and  Diplopoda.  Indeed,  it  is  the  last  group  (Dip- 
lopoda)  that  furnishes  a  key  to  the  origin  of  the  Progoneate 
structure.  At  birth  they  are  properly  Opisthogoneates,  but  by 
the  insertion  of  a  series  of  segments  between  the  penultimate 
and  the  last  segments,  the  generative  openings  are  left  near  the 
middle  of  the  body.  Because  of  this  and  of  the  primitive  nature 
of  the  mouth-parts  the  Diplopoda  may  properly  be  considered  as 
the  ancestors  of  all  the  other  Progoneata. 

The  phylogeny  of  the  Opisthogoneata  is  in  a  direct  line. 
Peripatus,  as  stated  by  Prof.  Kingsley  is  the  most  vermiform  of 
all  Arthropoda.  From  it  has  come  the  Chilopoda,  and  from  the 
latter  the  true  Hexapoda.  The  progress  of  evolution  is  marked 
by  cephalization  and  compactness.  In  the  Chilopoda  there  is 
not,  as  Prof.  Kingsley  asserts  (1.  c.  p.  38),  a  stigmata  to  each 
segment;  this  is  true  only  of  the  lower  groups;  in  the  higher 
groups  as  the  alternate  segments  shorten  the  alternate  stigmata 
disappear. 

The  primitive  number  of  cephalic  appendages  is  three;  the 
number  presented  by  the  most  primitive  Arthropod,  Peripatus. 
This  is  the  number  in  the  Chilopoda,  and  in  Hexapoda,  as  I  have 
previously  shown  (Am.  Nat.  1893,  p.  400),  the  first  two  pairs  of 
Chilopod  legs  have  advanced  to  form  the  compound  maxilke  and 
labium.  So  that  the  head  of  insects  bears  at  least  five  pairs  of 
appendages  besides  the  labrum,  three  behind  the  mandibles. 

The  Diplopoda  have  come  from  the  same  stem  as  the  Chilo- 
poda and  possess  the  three  cephalic  appendages,  and  in  their 
young  stages  but  three  pairs  of  legs;  six  pairs  of  appendages  in 
all;  and  this  is  the  number  possessed  by  Litnulas  and  Arachnida. 
Leading  arachnologists  hold  that  the  mandibles  of  Arachnids  are 
homologous  with  the  antennae  of  other  Arthropods  (see  Simon, 
Hist.  Nat.  d.  Aralg.  1893).  Particularly  significant  is  the  posi- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  215 

tion  of  these  appendages  is  the  Archeidae.  Two  pairs  of  appen- 
dages in  Arachnidu  function  as  mouth-parts  and  four  as  legs;  yet 
in  some  forms,  as  Solpugida,  Thelyphonida  and  Phrynida,  the 
first  pair  of  legs  serves  the  purpose  of  antennae,  and  are  structu- 
rally different  from  the  other  pairs. 

Within  the  Arachnida  Prof.  Kingsley  recognizes  the  following 
orders  in  the  order  mentioned  :  Scorpionida,  Thelyphonida, 
Araneida,  Solpugida,  Pseudoscorpii,  Phalangida,  Acarina.  I 
don't  suppose  that  this  is  a  lineal  arrangement,  but  rather  from 
the  Scorpionida  to  the  Araneida,  and  from  the  Solpugida  to  the 
Acarina.  The  Phrynida  should  rank  as  a  separate  order,  for  they 
are  fully  distinct  from  the  Thelyphonida  as  from  the  Araneida. 
Two  lines  of  development  can  be  traced  in  the  Arachnida,  the 
sternal  and  the  asternal.  The  latter  is  the  earliest  and  embraces 
the  Scorpionida,  Pseudoscorpionida,  Solpugida,  Acarina  and 
Thelyphonida;  the  former  the  Phrynida,  Phalangida  and  Aran- 
eida. The  primitive  Acarina  (Eupodidae)  are  asternal;  and, 
besides  the  absence  of  cephalic  segmentation,  there  are  no  im- 
portant characters  to  separate  certain  Eupodid  genera  (Erynetes, 
Rhagidia)  from  the  Solpugida.  The  Phalangida  plainly  came 
from  the  Pseudoscorpionida  through  such  forms  as  Siro.  The 
Araneida  of  course  came  from  the  Phrynida.  The  relation  of 
the  Scorpionida  to  the  ancient  Eurypterids  is  pointed  out  by 
Prof.  Kingsley,  and  clearly  indicates  the  origin  of  the  Arachnida 
irom  that  group.  The  Eurypterids  and  Trilobites  have  had  a 
common  stem  leading  back  to  the  Diplopods,  and  the  Trilobites 
bear  about  the  same  relation  to  the  Crustacea  that  the  Eurypterids 
do  to  Arachnida. 

The  appendages  of  the  Crustacea  I  would  homologize  as  fol- 
lows: Three  pairs  of  appendages  has  the  typical  Arthropod  head, 
no  more.  The  Isopods  have  a  pair  of  mandibles  and  two  pairs 
of  antennary  appendages;  directly  behind  the  mandibles  is  the 
lower  lip,  this  indicating  the  end  of  the  head.  The  other  mouth- 
parts  are  cephalized  thoracic  legs.  Where  are  the  maxillae  of 
Diplopoda  ?  By  the  process  of  cephalization  the  thoracic  seg- 
ments and  their  appendages  have  crowded  the  maxillae  to  one 
side  and  in  front,  and  they  appear  as  the  second  pair  of  antennae; 
the  antennules  of  Crustacea  being  the  true  antenna*;  and  instead 
of  believing  that  in  several  groups  of  Arthropoda  one  or  two 
pairs  of  cephalic  appendages  have  disappeared  and  left  not  even 


216 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[September, 


a  trace  in  the  embryo,  I  would  claim  that  the  typical  three  pairs 
found  in  Peripattts  are  always  present. 

In  the  various  groups  treated  they  appear  under  the  following 
names: 


CHILOPODA. 

HEXAPODA. 

DlPLOPODA. 

ARACHNIDA. 

CRUSTACEA. 

Antennae 

Antennae 

Antennae 

Chelicerse 

Antennules 

Mandibles 

Mandibles 

Mandibles 

Palpi 

Mandibles 

Maxillae 

Maxillae  (in  part) 

Maxillae 

Leg  I 

Antennae 

Leg  I 

Labium 

Leg  I 

Leg  II 

Maxillae  I 

Poison-claw 

Maxillte  (in  part) 

Leg  II 

Leg  III 

Maxillae  II 

Leg  III 

Leg  I 

Leg  III 

Leg  IV 

Maxilliped  I 

As  to  the  other  groups.  The  Pauropoda  should  be  placed  by 
the  side  of  Diplopoda.  The  differences  between  them  would 
hardly  be  of  ordinal  value  in  Hexapoda.  The  Pantopoda  do  not 
differ  essentially  from  Arachnida  and  properly  belong  among  the 
mites.  Tartigrades  are  needlessly  separated  from  the  Acarina. 
The  Linguatulina  may,  as  some  suggest,  not  belong  to  the  Ar- 
thropoda. 

The  ascension  of  any  group  of  animals  to  a  new  element  is 
productive  of  great  variation,  many  disappear.  Three  times 
this  has  occurred  in  the  history  of  Arthropoda;  once  when  an 
Arthropod  obtained  wings,  and  the  various  Neuropteroid  groups 
most  numerous  in  ancient  times  bear  witness;  again  when  a  Dip- 
lopodous  form  took  to  the  water,  and  of  the  many  Trilobites  and 
Eurypteroid  forms  only  Limulus  remains;  and  again  when  a  form 
similar  to  Eurypterus  came  on  land  and  left  the  isolated  groups 
of  the  lower  Arachnida. 


-o- 


AN  OUTBREAK  OF  GRASSHOPPERS. 

By  F.  S.  DAGGETT,  Duluth,  Minn. 

In  the  October,  1893,  number  of  the  NEWS  I  reported  an  out- 
break of  grasshoppers  at  Duluth,  Minn.,  and  their  effect  indi- 
rectly upon  Lepidoptera.  This  year  is  a  repetition  of  the  scourge, 
intensified  by  drought,  and  this  month  (July)  forest  fires  have- 
added  a  blue  veil  of  smoke  hiding  the  landscape  from  view. 
Taking  it  all  around  it  has  been  the  most  unsuccessful  year,  from 
a  collecting  standpoint,  I  ever  experienced.  This  condition  of 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  217 

affairs,  so  far,  has  not  been  charged  to  tariff  tinkering,  probably 
because  there  is  not  another  collector  of  insects  among  the  75  to 
100,000  people  at  the  head  of  the  lakes,  and  therefore  no  opinion 
has  been  expressed. 

This  afternoon  (July  26th)  I  walked  24  blocks  through  the 
sparsely  settled  outskirts  where  I  have  heretofore  found  my  best 
butterflies,  and  saw  during  that  walk  only  three  specimens,  one 
V.  antiopa  and  two  Pieris  rap<z,  and  they  acted  unnatural  and 
nervous,  as  if  lost  from  their  natural  haunts!  One  of  the  rapes 
hovered  over  a  large  clump  of  thistles  in  a  gully  coming  down 
from  the  hills,  but  the  grasshoppers  had  gnawed  deep  into  the 
leaves  between  the  thorns  and  from  one  to  four  sat  braced  among 
the  spines  of  the  flower,  mowing  off  the  tops  of  the  blossoms  as 
'far  down  as  they  could  reach,  so  Pieris  rapce  passed  on  to  another 
stalk  as  it,  no  doubt,  had  been  doing  all  day  with  hunger  still 
unsatisfied. 

V.  antiopa  bred  again  on  the  poplars,  but  in  less  quantities  than 
last  year,  and  of  a  dozen  cocoons  I  found  under  the  porch  of  an 
old  building  over  half  were  partially  gnawed  away  by  grasshop- 
pers. Last  year,  the  first  year  of  the  grasshoppers,  Lepidoptera 
appeared  in  usual  numbers,  but  seemed  to  live  but  a  few  days, 
wandering  off  into  the  woods  and  out-of-way  places  in  search  of 
food;  this  year  no  adults  to  speak  of  have  appeared.  One  can 
walk  many  blocks  without  seeing  a  single  specimen  of  the  most 
common  kinds.  From  this  and  the  condition  of  antiopa  cocoons, 
I  infer  that  chrysalids  of  all  kinds  have  suffered  from  the  visitation. 

Numerous  irregular  holes,  the  size  of  a  dime,  in  the  muslin 
curtains  in  the  kitchen,  brought  down  upon  the  heads  of  my  chil- 
dren the  ire  of  our  Swede  domestic,  but  they  soon  exonerated 
themselves  by  catching  a  number  of  grasshoppers  in  the  act  of 
carving  new  ones;  fine  lace  curtains  in  parlor  suffer  as  well;  in 
fact,  eternal  vigilance  is  the  price  of  curtains  no\v-a-days.  Ladies 
and  children  bring  them  into  the  house  in  folds  of  their  dresses, 
and  they  eventually  work  towards  the  light  eating  anything  about 
the  windows  containing  starch. 

One  of  our  neighbors,  who  delights  in  decking  her  trim  little 
body  in  the  most  dainty  of  dresses,  found  a  cool,  comfortable 
spot  for  her  chair  on  the  lawn,  earlier  in  the  season,  and  enjoyed 
an  hour  or  two  in  fancy  work;  later  her  friends  suppressed  a 
smile  when  she  related  a  harrowing  tale  about  three  great  holes 


2i8  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [September, 

the  "blood-thirsty  wretches"  ate  in  the  back  of  her  new  dress. 
It  wasn't  blood  they  were  after,  but  starch;  but  that  was  no  con- 
solation to  the  owner  of  the  dress.  They  are  nevertheless  canni- 
bals of  the  deepest  dye,  as  every  foot  of  sidewalk  will  attest. 
They  are  being  constantly  crushed  under  foot  of  passers  by  and 
around  each  luckless  one  a  cluster  of  live  ones  gather,  heads  in 
center  and  tails  radiating  like  the  points  of  a  star,  each  busy 
eating  his  fill  of  the  remains. 

Surrounded  as  we  are,  except  on  the  lake  side,  by  a  great  pine 
region,  this  outbreak  is  interesting  and  well  worthy  of  a  more  ex- 
tended study,  especially  its  effect  upon  insects  usually  found  upon 
flowers  and  the  lower  growths  of  vegetation. 


NEWSPAPER  ENTOMOLOGY. — Queer  stories  are  found  in  the  newspapers 
from  time  to  time,  and  none  more  strange  than  those  on  entomological 
subjects.  Often  people  are  made  responsible  for  statements  they  never 
made,  and  yet  more  often  the  facts  actually  stated  are  beyond  recognition 
when  they  are  published.  Thus  it  has  happened  that  I  have  become, 
somehow,  authority  for  the  statement  that  all  the  dying  back  of  twigs  and 
branches  of  fruit  trees  was  caused  by  the  "  Locusts,"  whereas  my  only 
statements  on  the  subject  have  always  been  that  the  slits  made  by  the 
Cicada  in  ovipositing  would  cause  a  dying  back  of  small  twigs  and 
branches  to  the  point  of  injury.  I  was  far  from  attributing  all  dying  back 
to  the  same  cause.  As  a  matter  of  fact  fruit  trees  have  suffered  severely 
from  several  causes,  among  which  the  Cicada  injury  has  been  hardly  con- 
spicuous, except  in  a  few  localities.  The  "blight,"  that  peculiar  disease 
which  is  so  baffling  to  Mycologists,  has  been  frightfully  abundant,  and  is 
responsible  for  most  of  the  injury.  The  apple  tree  borer,  Amphicerus 
bicaudatus,  has  done  injury  in  many  localities,  while  in  others  the  longi- 
corn,  Eupogonius  tomentosus,  is  responsible. 

In  the  Philadelphia  papers  for  July  25th,  Dr.  J.  Cheston  Morris  is  credited 
with  a  paper  read  before  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences  in  which  the 
trouble  is  all  charged  to  "  a  newly  discovered  pest,  the  Scolitus  pyri. "  It 
would  .be  unfair  to  judge  the  doctor's  paper  by  the  newsppper  abstract; 
but  a  more  misleading  account  could  scarcely  be  given  of  the  actual  con- 
dition of  affairs.  While  I  cannot  of  course  assert  that  Xy/eborus  pyri  is 
not  responsible  for  some  of  the  injury  in  New  Jersey  as  well  as  in  Penn- 
sylvania, yet  it  is  certain  that  it  is  only  a  very  small  percentage  that  can 
be  so  infested;  only  three  or  four  trees  having  come  under  my  notice  out 
of  thousands  of  cases  examined  by  me.  The  description  of  the  larva  as 
a  grub  with  a  black  hard  head,  three  pairs  of  black  feet  and  "  seven  or 
eight  projections  of  false  feet"  is  peculiarly  excellent.  The  worst  feature 
of  the  case  is  that  the  article  is  making  the  rounds  of  the  rural  and  agri- 
cultural press,  and  will  be  credited  by  hundreds  of  farmers  who  will  add 
to  it  their  already  large  stock  of  misinformation. — J.  B.  S. 


1 894.]  219 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 

Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  $1.2O 

j£t@~  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  SEPTEMBER,   1894. 

TO  OUR  FRIENDS. 

Now  that  the  Summer  is  over,  and  that  this  is  usually  the  time  for  every 
one  to  start  work  again,  a  few  ideas  that  the  season  calls  forth  may  not 
be  amiss.  How  many  of  us  have  properly  captured  our  specimens  ?  and 
how  many  have  ruined  them  ?  How  many  have  put  the  exact  locality 
and  date  on  paper?  and  how  many  have  not?  How  many  have  made 
observations  on  their  work  for  publication  in  the  NEWS  ?  We  hope  all 
have.  As  stated,  most  people  begin  serious  work  after  the  Summer  heat, 
about  September  ist,  but  we  would  caution  our  entomological  friends 
against  ceasing  to  collect  at  this  time,  as  some  of  the  best  collecting  and 
some  of  the  rarest  captures  are  to  be  made  during  September  and  part 
of  October.  We  hope  you  all  have  had  a  pleasant  Summer  and  many 
enjoyable  days  with  the  net  in  field  and  woods,  and  that  renewed  health 
and  strength  and  enjoyment  of  the  beauties  of  nature  may  be  the  outcome 
of  your  hobby.  Those  in  charge  of  the  NEWS  have  had  a  little  recreation 
and  a  chance  to  do  some  entomological  work  for  themselves  and  are  now 
prepared  to  begin  their  labors  again  in  your  behalf.  We  hope  you  will 
aid  us  all  you  can.  Our  work  is  a  labor  of  love,  and  we  trust  it  is  appre- 
ciated. The  NEWS  needs  additional  subscribers  to  enable  us  to  make  it 
all  we  desire,  and  if  each  present  subscriber  would  get  some  entomo- 
logical friend  to  send  in  his  or  her  subscription  it  would  be  showing  a 
I  Tactical  interest  which  would  materially  help  us. 


TRANSACTIONS  of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  vol.  xxi,  No. 
3,  now  in  press,  will  contain  the  following  papers:  New  species  of  Noc- 
UmUe  from  tropical  America,  by  W.  Schaus.  Catalogue  of  the  described 
Jassoidea  of  North  America,  by  Edw.  P.  Van  Duzee.  Descriptions  of 
new  Parasitic  Hymenoptera,  I,  by  Wm.  H.  Ashmead. 


220  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof,  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  DM  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

Alternating  Generations.    A  Biological  Study  of  Oak  Galls  and  Gall  Flies. 

By  Hermann  Adler,  M.D.,  Schleswig.  Translated  and  edited  by  Chas. 
R.  Straton,  F.  R.  C.  S.,  F.  E.  S.,  Oxford,  at  the  Clarendon  Press.  New 
York,  Macmillan  &Co.,  pp.  xi,  et  198,  3  pi.,  col. 

Under  the  above  title  we  have  an  extremely  interesting  and  valuable 
work,  to  which  both  author  and  translator  have  contributed  a  series  of 
careful  observations  that  much  enlarges  our  knowledge  of  the  subject 
under  consideration. 

The  subject  of  parthenogenesis  among  insects  is  a  most  attractive  one, 
and  offers  great  fields  for  original  work;  none  of  them  wider  than  among 
the  Cynipidse,  where  it  appears  in  a  variety  of  forms,  alternating  with 
normal  sexual  reproduction  in  many  instances;  but  frequently  established 
as  a  constant  feature  in  the  life  cycle  of  the  species.  In  a  rather  lengthy 
introduction  the  translator  discusses  the  general  subject  and  sketches 
historically  the  investigations  made,  the  conclusions  reached,  and  the 
theories  upon  which  the  phenomena  have  been  explained.  .  He  describes 
the  formation  of  the  reproductive  cells  in  both  sexes,  the  modifications 
that  they  undergo,  and  cites  cases  of  spermatogenesis  to  prove  that  po- 
tentially the  male  cells  may  be  reproductive,  while  the  possibility  of  con- 
tinued agamic  reproduction  is  theoretically  demonstrated. 

The  author  first  cites  the  observations  therefore  made  on  the  alternation 
of  generations  among  oak  gall-flies,  explains  the  methods  by  which  his 
own  observations  were  made,  and  then  gives  in  detail  the  records  of  a 
long  series  of  experimental  breedings,  proving  conclusively  that  the  spe- 
cies of  certain  genera  are  merely  agamous  forms  of  those  of  other  genera, 
and,  finally,  that  in  certain  other  forms  males  never  appear,  the  agamous 
females  ovipositing  freely  and  the  eggs  proving  fertile  in  all  cases.  An 
interesting  chapter  is  devoted  to  the  formation  of  the  galls,  proving  that 
the  adult  does  nothing  to  influence  it.  "  Hitherto  it  has  constantly  been 
stated  that  the  prick  of  the  gall-fly  and  the  simultaneous  introduction  of 
a  glandular  secretion  excited  a  specific  cell  growth  which  led  to  the  for- 
mation of  the  gall.  This,  I  hold,  only  begins  when  the  larva  emerges  from 
the  egg."  "  The  moment  the  larva  has  broken  through  the  egg  covering, 
and  has  for  the  first  time  wounded  the  surrounding  cells  with  its  delicate 
mandibles,  a  rapid  cell-growth  begins."  Observations  made  substantiate 
this  conclusion;  but  it  is  limited  in  its  application  to  Cynipid  oak-galls 
because  numerous  exceptions  exist  in  other  groups.  A  detailed  descrip- 
tion of  the  ovipositor  is  given,  the  method  of  its  use  is  observed  and  the 
function  of  the  peculiar  egg  stalk  in  this  family  is  made  clear. 

Finally,  a  chapter  is  devoted  to  an  explanation  of  the  reasons  for  this 
alternation  of  generations  and  how  it  was  originated  ;  the  conclusion 


1 894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  221 

being  that:  "  In  any  case  I  consider  it  certain  that  parthenogenesis  is  the 
primitive  mode,  and  that  sexual  reproduction  is  subordinate  to  it." 

The  book  is  one  that  should  be  in  the  hands  of  every  biological  student 
for  its  scientific  interest. 

Bisulphide  of  Carbon  as  au  Insecticide  of  very  limited  range  has  been 
known  for  many  years,  but  for  ordinary  field  crops  it  has  not  been  in  gen- 
eral use.  In  the  1893  meeting  of  the  Association  of  Economic  Entomolo- 
gists, Prof.  Garman  mentioned  that  he  had  used  it  in  the  garden,  covering 
melon  vines  with  a  tub  and  allowing  a  quantity  of  the  bisulphide  to  evap- 
orate, destroying  thereby  the  Aphids  infesting  the  vines.  This  interested 
me  greatly,  because  the  melon  louse,  Aphis  cumiiris  Forbes,  is  at  times 
a  most  destructive  pest  in  parts  of  New  York  and  New  Jersey,  and  one 
of  the  most  difficult  to  deal  with,  owing  to  the  fact  that  the  leaves  are 
close  to  the  ground  and  that  they  curl  as  soon  as  seriously  effected,  making 
it  simply  impossible  to  reach  them  all,' even  with  an  underspray  nozzle. 
A  lot  of  pot-grown  plants  becoming  badly  infected  with  Aphids,  in  the 
botanical  laboratory,  I  made  a  series  of  experiments  which  were  not  re- 
corded, but  which  determined  that  the  liquid  evaporated  slowly;  that  it 
killed  plant  lice  very  readily,  and  that  it  killed  plants  with  equal  facility 
if  used  in  any  large  quant'ty.  Fbe  appearance  of  the  lice  on  canteloupe 
and  citron  melons  in  New  Jersey  this  season  gave  me  an  opportunity  of 
making  experiments,  and  Mr.  Howard  G.  Taylor,  of  Riverton,  N.  J., 
kindly  permitted  me  to  kill  as  many  hills  as  might  be  necessary  to  carry 
them  on.  I  procured  a  dozen  wooden  bowls,  thirteen  inches  in  diameter 
and  six  inches  deep,  inside  measurement,  and  a  series  of  small,  graduated 
tumblers,  in  which  "one  teaspoonful"  and  "one  dram"  corresponded. 
To  get  at  the  rate  of  evaporation  I  poured  one  dram  into  a  graduate  and 
left  it  exposed,  but  placed  it  in  a  shaded  spot.  It  required  fifteen  minutes 
to  disappear  completely.  Eleven  badly  infected  hills  were  then  covered 
by  bowls,  the  vines  being  crowded  under  when  necessary,  and  one  dram 
in  a  graduate  was  placed  under  each.  At  the  end  of  twenty  minutes  I 
lifted  one  bowl,  found  that  less  than  half  the  material  had  evaporated, 
that  all  the  Coccinellidae  were  dead,  the  small  lice  dying  and  the  Dia- 
brotica,  ants  and  large  viviparous  Aphids,  were  yet  all  alive.  Ten  min- 
utes later  there  was  little  change.  At  the  end  of  three-fourths  of  an 
hour,  though  scarcely  more  than  half  the  liquid  was  gone,  all  save  a  few 
of  the  mature,  wingless,  viviparous  females  were  dead.  In  one  hour 
there  was  yet  liquid  in  all  the  graduates,  but  all  the  Aphids  were  dead, 
or  appeared  so.  To  test  the  matter  all  the  hills  treated  were  marked  to 
be  examined  later.  Another  series  of  infested  hills  were  selected,  but 
the  experiment  was  varied  by  using  two  drams  of  bisulphide  in  some 
cases,  using  a  shallow  saucer  in  others,  pouring  the  liquid  on  the  ground 
in  two  cases  and  covering  other  hills  with  large  square  boxes,  some  of 
them  anything  but  tight.  All  coverings  were  left  on  for  one  hour,  undis- 
turbed. Examined  first  a  square  box  covering  a  shallow  saucer  with  twt> 
drams  of  bisulphide;  found  this  all  evaporated  and  every  aphid  killed. 

7* 


222  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [September, 

The  bowls  covering  the  saucers  in  which  one  dram  was  used  showed  like 
results.      Two  square  boxes  which  were  not  tight,  covering  graduates 
with  two  drams  of  liquid  had  all  insects  unaffected  and  the  material 
scarcely  half  gone.      The  two  bowls  under  which  the  bisulphide  was 
poured  on  the  ground  were  then  lifted  and  all  the  aphids  were  found  dead. 
All  the  other  hills  covered  by  bowls  showed  all  the  lice  dead  and  not  all 
the  bisulphide  evaporated.     The  hills  first  treated  were  again  examined 
and  there  was  no  sign  of  recovered  life  anywhere  visible.     Bowls,  gradu- 
ates, and  bisulphide  were  left  with  Mr.  Taylor,  and  all  the  treated  hills 
were  marked  for  later  examination  and  to  note  the  effects  of  the  chemical. 
The  experiments  were  made  in  the  middle  of  a  very  hot  day,  the  ther- 
mometer 93°  in  the  shade,  little  or  no  wind  blowing,  and  the  sand  so  hot 
that  it  burnt  through  shoe  soles  and  could  scarcely  be  handled  more  than 
a  few  moments  at  a  time.     Many  of  the  vines  showed  the  edges  of  the 
leaves,  when  the  covers  were  removed,  yellowed  and  set  with  numerous 
drops  of  a  clear  liquid.     I  feared  permanent  injury,  but  instructed  Mr. 
Taylor,  if  he  found  that  the  plants  died,  to  continue  his  work  before  the 
sun  was  high  or  after  it  was  quite  low.     He  wrote  me  under  date  of  July 
1 9th:  "  The  hills  you  treated  when  here  last  started  to  grow  nicely,  except 
the  two  hills  where  the  Carbon  was  poured  on  the  ground;  that  killed 
them.     The  treated  hills  showed  no  lice  at  last  examination." 

I  am  quite  satisfied  from  the  experiments  above  recorded,  and  from 
others  that  were  not  recorded,  but  were  simply  made  to  settle  practical 
questions,  that,  in  melon  fields  at  least,  bisulphide  of  Carbon  can  be  used 
satisfactorily  and  effectively.  It  has  the  enormous  advantage  of  reaching 
everything  on  all  parts  of  the  plant;  not  a  specimen  escaping.  With  a 
stock  of  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  light  covering  boxes  about  eighteen 
inches  in  diameter,  as  many  shallow  dishes  and  a  bottle  of  bisulphide  the 
infested  hills  in  a  field  can  be  treated  in  a  comparatively  short  time. 

Contagious  Disease  of  the  Chinch  Bug. — Under  this  title  Prof.  Snow  has 
given  us  a  pamphlet  of  247  pages,  principally  occupied  by  reports  from 
experimenters  in  various  counties  of  the  State  of  Kansas.  The  report  is 
one  of  very  great  interest  from  a  variety  of  standpoints,  and  there  is  no 
doubt  that  we  are  getting  a  little  nearer  to  an  understanding  of  the  factors 
in  the  problem  of  destroying  this  serious  pest  by  means  of  the  disease 
attacking  it;  and  yet  the  teaching  of  this  report  is  that  there  is  nothing  at 
all  certain  about  the  matter,  because,  although  1852  experiments  are  re- 
corded as  successful  against  1053  unsuccessful,  and  665  doubtful,  those 
successful  experiments  are  not  in  all  cases  to  be  accepted  without  ques- 
tion; while  on  the  other  hand  a  very  fair  explanation  is  given  for  the  lack 
of  success  in  one  class  of  cases.  It  appears  from  the  report  that  meteor- 
ological conditions  are  very  important  in  either  facilitating  or  checking 
the  spread  of  the  disease,  and  that  with  the  best  kind  of  infection  for  use, 
an  absence  of  moisture  will  prevent  the  spread  of  the  disease.  This 
limits  the  usefulness  of  this  disease  enormously;  success  depending  upon 
that  most  fickle  of  all  things,  the  weather.  In  many  of  the  more  eastern 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  223 

localities  the  remedy  would  be  of  no  use  at  all;  but  perhaps  in  Kansas, 
and  in  some  of  the  adjoining  States  better  success  may  be  anticipated. 
One  very  important  point  is  made  clear  in  the  present  report,  and  that  is, 
that  the  fatal  disease  is  the  white  fungus  or  Sporotrichum  globulifernm. 
It  will  be  extremely  valuable  to  learn  from  other  States  where  these  ex- 
periments have  been  tried  what  the  success  has  been.    In  this  connection 
it  is  interesting  to  note  Dr.  Forbes'  words  in  Bulletin  No.  33  of  the  Illinois 
Experiment  Station  concerning  the  use  of  contagious  diseases.    He  says: 
"  the  results  of  this  method  are,  however,  not  sufficiently  certain  to  war- 
rant an  entire  dependence  upon  it,  and  it  should  be  made  one  feature 
only  o^a  general  and  concerted  campaign."     The  experiment  in  Illinois 
will  be  watched  with  a  very  great  deal  of  interest,  and  will  be  of  great 
use  as  determining  the  applicability  of  this  method  in  the  Mississippi 
Valley  under  circumstances  widely  differing  from  the  state  of  affairs  in 
Kansas.    In  Iowa  Prof.  Osborn  has  made  experiments  during  the  present 
year,  the  outcome  being  decidedly  unfavorable  because  of  dry  weather. 

A  New  Insecticide.— Under  this  caption  Dr.  C.  H.  Fernald  calls  atten- 
tion to  arsenate  of  lead  in  Bulletin  No.  24  of  the  Hatch  Experiment 
Station  of  the  Massachusetts  Agricultural  College,  and  he  gives  in  detail 
experiments  made  on  the  killing  power  of  this  substance  on  the  tent 
caterpillar  and  the  larva  of  the  potato  beetle.  He  finds  it  sufficiently 
effective  at  the  rate  of  one  pound  in  one  hundred  and  fifty  gallons  of 
water,  while  no  injury  to  foliage  appeared  where  it  was  used  at  the  rate 
of  one  pound  in  four  gallons  of  water,  an  advantage  which  no  other  ar- 
senical mixture  can  boast  of.  The  materials,  acetate  of  lead  and  arseuate 
of  soda  are  cheap,  and  the  insecticide  is  prepared  by  putting  eleven  ounces 
of  the  former  and  four  ounces  of  the  latter  into  a  hogshead  containing 
150  gallons  of  water.  It  will  be  seen  at  once  that,  if  the  new  material 
will  do  what  is  claimed  for  it,  it  possesses  many  advantages  over  Paris 
green  and  London  purple.  It  is  certainly  well  worth  a  thorough  trial. 


Notes  and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 

OF  THE  GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfei 
ence,  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy"  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


THE  WHISTLING  TREE. — A  species  of  Acacia  which  grows  very  abun- 
dantly in  Nubia  and  the  Soudan  is  also  called  the  "whistling  tree"  by  the 


224  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [September. 

natives.  Its  shoots  are  frequently,  by  the  agency  of  the  larvse  of  insects, 
distorted  in  shape  and  swollen  into  a  globular  bladder  from  one  to  two 
inches  in  diameter.  After  the  insect  has  emerged  from  a  circular  hole  in 
the  side  of  this  swelling,  the  opening,  played  upon  by  the  wind,  becomes 
a  musical  instrument  nearly  equal  in  sound  to  a  sweet-toned  flute. - 
Scientific  American  Supplement. 

NORTHWARD  RANGE  OF  SOUTHERN  SPECIES. — In  the  neighborhood  of 
the  Dismal  Swamp,  upon  Pontederia  blossoms,  I  have  taken  Xylocopa 
micans  and  Bombiis  scutellaris.  Can  others  give  a  more  northerly  dis- 
tribution for  these  species  ?  They  appear  characteristic  of  the  southern 
subregion  eastward.  Parnopes  chrysoprasinus  Sm.,  described  from  N. 
Carolina,  occurs  in  Connecticut.  P.  edzvardsii  Cress,  differs  only  in  its 
unnotched  scutellar  process;  from  California.  Tachytes  aurulentus  Fab. 
occurs  in  Connecticut.  Priononyx  thomcs  Fab.  I  have  taken  in  Connec- 
ticut. Elis  4-maculata  and  Monedula  Carolina  occur  on  the  coast  of  New 
Jersey  near  New  York.  Odynerus  bravo  Sauss.,  described  from  the  coast 
of  Mexico,  I  have  taken  at  1500  feet  altitude  in  the  White  Mountains  of 
New  Hampshire.  Bembex  pallidipicta  Sm.,  described  from  Mexico,, 
although  properly  a  Pacific  coast  insect,  occurs  at  Centre,  N.  Y. — \V.  H. 
PATTON,  Hartford,  Conn. 

NOTES  ON  OUR  CASSIDID/E. — During  the  progress  of  that  portion  of 
the  "  Biologia"  it  was  a  pleasure  to  send  for  study  many  of  our  species  to 
Mr.  Champion.  This  has  resulted  in  the  discovery  of  some  synonymy, 
which,  with  other  comments,  are  here  given: 

Cassida  pallidula  Boh. — This  name  replaces  texana  Cr. 

C.  callosa  Boh. — Is  very  closely  related  to  rugosa  Boh.,  but  the  claws 
are  less  dilated  at  base.  The  latter  is  darker  in  general  color  and  the 
pellucid  space  at  sides  of  elytra  very  small. 

Coptocycla  signified  Hbst. — This  name  will  replace  guttata,  which  be- 
longs to  an  East  Indian  species. 

C.  Bonvouloiri  Boh.-*-This  little  species  has  been  taken  in  the  Penins. 
Cal. 

C.  bicolor. — This  name  is  three  years  older  than  aurichalcea  Fab. 

C.  emarginata  Boh. — This  name  will  replace  arizonce  Cr. 

The  following  species  have  been  recently  examined  from  the  Penins. 
Cal.:  Mesomphalia  exclamationis  Linn.,  Physonota  a/utacea  Boh.  var. 
cyrtodes  Boh. — GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D. 

THE  FIELD  MEETING  AT  JAMESBURG. — On  July  4th  last,  the  Entomo- 
logical Societies  of  New  York,  Newark,  Brooklyn  and  Philadelphia,  nu-t 
at  Jamesburg,  N.  }.,  for  the  purpose  of  collecting,  meeting  socially,  and 
to  have  a  general  outing  and  good  time.  The  party  was  met  at  the  station 
at  Jamesburg  by  conveyances,  and  after  a  short  ride  through  the  woods 
and  between  the  cranberry  bogs,  arrived  at  the  grove,  which  was  made 
the  headquarters.  This  is  quite  a  pretty  woods  skirted  on  either  side  by 
the  bogs;  and  there  are  good  collecting  places  in  every  direction.  Nets 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  225 

were  unfurled  and  apparatus  gotten  out,  and  after  general  greetings  and 
handshakes  the  different  individuals  scattered  in  every  direction  in  search 
of  insects.  At  half  past  twelve  all  had  assembled  for  luncheon  and  a 
general  social  meeting  was  held.  After  luncheon  pictures  were  taken  by 
Dr.  Skinner  of  the  whole  party,  and  also  the  representatives  of  the  dif- 
ferent cities  participating.  Prof.  Smith  was  industriously  in  search  of 
snap  kodak  shots,  and  says  he  secured  some  very  funny  and  interesting 
pictures.  The  afternoon  was  spent  as  each  individual  wished  to  spend  it. 

The  collecting  was  fairly  good,  and  as  usual  Lepidoptera  and  Coleop- 
tera  were  the  orders  receiving  most  attention.  Among  the  butterflies  of 
interest  were  Satyrus  var.  maritinia,  Thecla  titiis,  Neonympha  cant/ins, 
Pamphila  massasoit,  P.  pontiac,  Argynnis  idalia,  etc.  A  few  good  things 
were  taken  among  the  Coleoptera.  After  a  very  pleasant  day  the  party 
returned  to  the  station  to  take  their  respective  trains  for  home.  Among 
those  who  attended  were  the  following:  From  New  York,  Brooklyn, 
Newark  and  the  upper  part  of  Jersey — Prof.  John  B.  Smith,  Jacob  Doll, 
George  Stortz,  Edwin  Bischoff,  C.  P.  Machesney,  Wm.  Beutenmiiller, 
Chas.  Derleth,  Jr.,  Herman  A.  Loos,  August  Miller,  Frank  Rabe,  Lewis 
T.  Muench,  Francis  Fillion,  Raymond  Ditmars,  Pierce  Morange,  Dr. 
Ottolengui.  From  Philadelphia  and  vicinity:  Dr.  S.  M.  Castle,  Edward 
Wenzel,  A.  Trescher,  C.  Boerner,  T.  Schmitz,  Henry  Wenzel,  H.  Wenzel, 
Jr.,  C.  Liebeck,  Win.  J.  Fox,  Chas.  W.  Johnson,  Philip  Nell,  Frank  M. 
Jones,  Dr.  H.  Skinner,  Albert  Hoyer,  Frank  Hoyer,  Philip  Laurent. 

The  members  of  the  Feldman  Collecting  Social,  of  Philadelphia,  wore 
appropriate  club  buttons.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  many  more  of  these 
meetings  will  be  held,  and  that  in  the  future  they  may  be  even  more 
largely  attended. 

Identification  of  Insects  (Images)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Kxotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  XKWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 

HAMPSON'S  MOTHS  OF  INDIA. 

BY    HARRISON    G.    DVAR. 

This  work  deserves  more  than  the  brief  notice  given  to  it  a  year  ago  in 
the  NEWS  (vol.  iv,  p.  130). 

Though  dealing  with  the  fauna  of  an  antipodean  country,  the  work  is 
nuch  interest  to  American  entomologists.    This  is  due  to  the  valuable 


226  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

key  to  the  families  of  the  moths  as  well  as  to  the  fact  that  many  of  the 
genera  treated  of  are  found  with  us  also.  The  whole  work  appears  to  be 
as  much  condensed  as  possible,  and  the  author  gives  us  his  ideas  of  the 
relationships  of  the  several  families  in  a  single  page,  expressed  in  the  form 
of  a  "genetic  tree."  According  to  this  tree  the  first  division  of  the 
moths  is  made  into  two  groups  which  correspond  exactly  to  Prof.  J.  H. 
Comstock's  "Jugatae"  and  "Frenatas,"  though  Mr.  Hampson  does  not 
apply  any  terms  to  them.  Next  comes  a  branch  which  gives  rise  to  a 
group  of  six  families,  the  Pyralidae,  Pterophonidse,  Aluctidae,  Thyrididas, 
Drepanulidae  and  Callidulidae.  Following  up  the  main  stem  of  the  tree 
we  reach  the  Tineidre,  which  give  off  two  branches,  one  giving  rise  to  the 
Sesiidae,  and  the  other  to  a  group  of  families  including  the  Zygaenidae- 
(=  Anthroceridae),  Cossidae,  Psychidae  and  several  others.  The  only  in- 
congruous element  in  this  group  is  the  Syntomidas  (=  Euchromiidas), 
which  should  rather  be  regarded  as  a  high  development  of  the  Arctian 
type.  Next  on  the  main  stem  come  the  Tortricidae,  followed  by  the  No- 
lin£e.  This  is  unexpected,  as,  with  us,  Nola  seems  to  be  one  of  the  more 
specialized  forms  of  the  Arctian  type,  and  not  a  generalized  one.  At  this 
point  one  branch  gives  rise  to  the  families  allied  to  the  Arctiidae,  and 
another  to  a  group  of  three  families,  the  Eudromidae,  Lasiocampidae  and 
Limacodidse.  I  am  at  a  loss  to  imagine  a  reason  for  this  association. 
The  main  stem  further  gives  rise  to  the  Noctuidae  and  their  close  allies, 
and  the  Notodontidae  and  Eupterotidge,  previously  to  which  a  branch  gives 
rise  to  the  Sphingidae.  Above  the  Eupterotidae  the  apex  of  the  tree  and 
the  highest  degree  of  specialization  is  reached  with  the  Saturnina;  but 
the  Bombycidae  give  rise  to  the  Geometridae,  Epiplemidte,  Uraniidae  and 
Epicopiidae.  I  am  not  sufficiently  familiar  with  the  last  three  families  to 
express  an  opinion  on  them;  but  I  think  that  this  position  for  the  Geo- 
metridae can  hardly  be  defended. 

The  book  appeared  subsequently  to  Kirby's  Catalogue  of  Lep.  Het., 
vol.  i,  but  not  enough  so  as  to  include  any  references  to  it.  The  nomen- 
clature differs  somewhat  from  Kirby's,  owing  principally  to  the  fact  that 
the  author  discards  entirely  Hiibner's  Tentamen  names,  and  adopts  the 
generic  terms  of  the  "  Verzeichniss' '  only  when  they  have  been  subsequently 
described  by  other  authors.  Still  he  somewhat  inconsistently  credits 
them  to  Hubner  and  uses  the  dates  of  the  "  Verzeichniss"  to  get  priority 
for  them. 

In  determining  the  types  of  the  older  generic  names  Hampson  differs 
from  Kirby  in  six  important  instances.  As  Kirby's  book  appeared  first 
his  determinations  must  prevail,  unless  ill-founded,  and  Hampson's  nani'-- 
should  be  changed,  as  follows: 

1.  Page    46,  for  genus  Tagora  read  Sphingognatha  Feld. 

2.  "       49,       "  Ganisa  read   Tagora  Walk. 

3.  "     212,       "  Syntomis  read  Zygeena  Fab.  and  changed  Syn- 

tomidae  to  Zygaenidae  (=  Euchromiidae). 

4.  Page  230,  for  genus  Zygccna   read   .  Inthrocera  Scop,   and  changed 

"  Zygaenidse"  to  Anthroceridae. 


IS94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  22J 

5.  Page  333,  for  genus  Drepana  read  Piatypteryx. 

6.  "  347,  "  Cilix  read  Drepana  Schr. 

7.  "  425,  "  Odonestis  read  Philudoria  Kirby. 

8.  "  436,  "  Orgyia  read  Notolophus  Germ. 

9.  "  447,  "  Dasychira  read  Orgyia  Ochs. 
10.  "  487,  "  Leucoma  read  Arctornis  Germ. 

A  few  other  minor  corrections  are: 
Page  259.     According  to  Kirby  Heterusia  is  preoccupied.      The  name 

should  be  Eterusia. 

Page  283.     Chelura  is  preoccupied;  read  Achelnra  Kirby. 
"     298.     The  subgenus  Heylartsia  nov.  appears  to  be  the  same  as 
Platceceticus  Pack.,  Guide  Study  Ins.  p.  291  (1869);  Ent.  Amer., 
iii,  p.  51  (1887). 

Page  303.     Diabasis  is  preoccupied;  read  Stichobasis  Kirby. 
"     351.     As  the  American  species  of  Dryopteris  belong  to  Oreta,  ihe 
name  O.  niarginata  is  preoccupied.     The  species  may  be  called 
O.  moorei. 

Page  351.  It  appears  to  me  that  the  genus  Camptockilus  would  seem 
more  appropriately  placed  among  the  Thyrididae,  where  it  would 
come  close  to  Hypolamprus. 

Page  390.     Parasa   viridis   Hamps.  ;    the  name   is  preoccupied   by   an 
American  species.    The  Indian  form  maybe  called  P.  /lampsonii. 
Page  496.     Peridrome  is  preoccupied;  read  Anagnia. 

The  points  in  which  Kirby's  work  must  be  changed  in  consequence  of 
this  excellent  scientific  revision  of  the  moths  of  India  need  not  detain  us. 
This  is  well,  as  they  are  almost  too  numerous  to  mention. 

The  second  volume,  published  in  1894,  includes  the  Arctiidae  and  Noc- 
tuidte.     Of  the  former,  four  subfamilies  are  recognized:  Arctiinte,  Litho- 
siinse,  Nycteolinae  and  Notinae. 
Page  32,  for  genus  Moorea  nov.  read  Sebastia  Kirby,  Cat.  i,  383  (1893). 


1.  NOVA   ACTA  ACADEMIC  C/ES.  LEOP. -CAROL.   NAT.    CURIOS,    lix. 
Halle,  1893. — Systema  Geometrarum  zonae  temperatioris  septeutrionahs, 
pars  vi,  C.  F.  v.  Gumppenberg. 

2.  MEMOIRES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  ZOOLOGIQUE  DE  FRANCE,  vi.     Paris, 
1893. — Zoological  and  anatomical  study  of  Tyroglyphus  mains  and  its 
hypopial  nymph,  J.  Lignieres,  figs.     Zoological  and  anatomical  study  of 
Hemisarcoptcs  coccisngns,  id.,  figs.     Second  report  on  the  nomenclature 
of  organic  beings;  report  presented  to  the  second  International  Congress 
of  Zoology  at  Moscow,  August,  1892,  R.  Hlanchard.     Contribution  to  the 
natural  history  of  the  Hanneton  (Melolonlha  -ctilgaris\  habits  and  repro- 
duction, X.  Raspail.     Graphitose  and  septicemia  in  insects,  I.  Krasibsht- 
shik.     Zoological  nomenclature,  C.  Girard. — BULLETIN  of  the  same  for 
1893.     Description  of  a  Mexican  Lecanium,T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.     On  a 
new  Diaspid  from  Mexico,  id.,  figs.   On  locomotory  movements  in  insects, 
A.  L.  Herrera,  R.  Dubois.     Studies  on  ants.  C.  Janet. 


228  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [September, 

3.  COMPTES  RENDU.   L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.      Paris,   April  30, 
1894. — On  the  glandular  system  of  ants,  C.  Janet. — May  15.     The  Dip- 
terous parasites  of  Acridians:  the  viviparous  Muscidae  with  sarcophagous 
larvae;  apteny  and  parasitic  castration,  J.  K.  d'Herculais. — May  28.     On 
parthenogenesis  in  plumicolous  Sarcoptidae,  Dr.  E.  Trouessart. 

4.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.     London,  May  15,  1894. — The  life- 
history  of  a  Lepidopterous  insect,  comprising  some  account  of  its  mor- 
phology and  physiology  (cont.),  J.  W.  Tutt.     Coremia  ferrugaria  Ha\v. 
and  C.  unidentaria  Haw.,  L.  B.  Prout.    Among  the  ancients,  J.  W.  Tutt. 
On  the  larva  of  Arctia  caia,  with  special  reference  to  its  correlated  varia- 
tions in  plumage,   moulting  and  hybernation  (cont.),  T.  A.  Chapman, 
M.D.,  i  pi. 

5.  NATURE.      London,    May   10,    1894. — Some  Oriental  beliefs  about 
bees  and  wasps,  Kumagusu  Minakata. 

6.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON,  1893,  pt. 
iv,  April  2,  1893. — On  the  Orthoptera  of  the  island  of  Granada,  West 
Indies,  C.  B.  v.  Wattenwyl,  i  pi.    On  the  spiders  of  the  family  Attidae  of 
the  island  of  St.  Vincent,  G.  W.  and  E.  G.  Peckham,  2  pis.     A  list  of 
the  Hemiptera-Heteroptera  collected  in  the  island  of  St.  Vincent  by  Mr. 
Herbert  H.  Smith;  with  descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species,  P.   R. 
Uhler. 

7.  LE  NATURALISTE.    Paris,  May  15,  1894. — Habits  and  metamorphoses 
of  Stapy linns  murinus  L.,  Capt.  Xambeu.     New  observation  on  the  feed- 
ing of  the  Lucanidae  of  France,  and  note  on  an  antennal  deformation  in 
Ctenoscelis  major  L.  Planet,  fig. — June  i.     The  insects  of  the  primary 
times,    C.    Brongniart.      Metamorphoses   of    Caryoborus  tamarind},    C. 
Decaux,  figs. 

8.  DET     KONGELIGE     NORSKE    VlDENSKABERS    SELSKABS    SKRIFTER, 

1891.     Trondheim,  1893. — Diptera  brachycera  [additions  to  the    Norwe 
gian  fauna],  V.  Storm. 

9.  ANALES  DE  LA  SOCIEDAD  CIENTIFICA  ARGENTINA.    Buenos  Aires, 
June,  1893. — The  genus  Sapromyza  in  America  (cone.),  F.  L.  Arribalzaga. 

10.  ANNALES  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES,  viii,  4,  May, 
1894. — A  classification  of  Lepidopterous  larvae,  H.  G.  Dyar. 

11.  ZEITSCHRIFT  FUR  WISSENSCHAFTLICHE  ZOOLOGIE,  Ivii,  4.    Leipsic, 
May  8,  1894. — Anatomical  studies  on  the  male  genital  system  of  the  Co- 
leoptera,  K.  Escherich,  figs.,  i  pi. 

12.  LE  NATURALISTS  CANADIEN.     Chicoutimi,  Quebec,  May,  1894.— 
The  mails  and  natural  history,  ed.     Popular  entomology,  G.  Beaulicu. 

\ 

13.  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  OF  ST.  Loris,  vi, 
14,  April  26,  1894. — Flowers  and  insects — Rosacea;  and  Composite,  C. 
Robertson. 

14.  POPULAR  SCIENCE  NE\VS.    New  York,  June,  1894. — Insect  parasites 
of  animals— ii,  J.  B.  Smith. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  22Q 

15.  THE  GARDNERS'  CHRONICLE.     London,  May  26,  1894. — The  rasp- 
berry moth  \_Lan:pronia  ruble/ fa'},  anon. 

16.  BIOLOGISCHES   CENTRALBLATT.      Leipsic,    May   15,    1894. — Some 
considerations  on  the  formation  of  the  germ  layers,  yolk  cells  and  em- 
bryonal membranes  of  Arthropods,  J.  Wagner. 

17.  THE  BRITISH  NATURALIST.    London,  May  15,  1894. — Some  curious 
aquatic  larvae  [Corethra plumicornis],  G.  Swainson. 

18.  THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.     Philadelphia,  June,  1894.— Unusual 
flights  of  the  grouse  locust  (Tettigidea  lateralis  Say)  in  northeastern 
Illinois,  J.  L.  Hancock,  i  pi. 

19.  INTERNATIONALE  MONATSSCHRIFT  FUR  ANATOMIE  UNO  PHYSIOL- 
OGIE,  xi,  5.     Paris,  Leipsic,  London,  1894. — To  the  knowledge  of  sper- 
matozoa of  Arthropods,  K.  Ballowitz,  2  pis.     Remarks  on  the  work  of 
Dr.  phil.  Karl  Ballowitz  on  the  spermatozoa  of  Arthropods  with  further 
spermatological  contributions  concerning  the  Tunicates,  Mollusca,  Worms, 
Echinoderms  and  Ccelenterates,  E.  Ballowitz,  2  pis. 

20.  ZOOLOGISCHE  JAHRBUCHER,  vii,  3.     Jena,  May  n,  1894. — On  the 
relations  of  the  isotropous  to  the  anisotropous  layers  in  striped  muscles, 
H.  M.  Bernard,  i  pi. 

21.  ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEIGER.     Leipsic,  May  28,  1894. — To  the  know- 
ledge of  the  internal  structure  of  Pauropus  Huxleyi  Lubb.,  P.  Schmidt, 
i  fig. — June  ii.     On  J.  Krassilstschik's  communications  on  "die  verg- 
leichende  Anatomic  und  Systematik  der  Phytophthires,"  with  especial 
reference  to  th^  Phylloxeridae,.  Dr.  L.  Dreyfuss. 

22.  KNOWLEDGE.     London,  June  i,  1894. — Insect  secretions — ii,  E.  A. 
Butler,  figs. 

23.  SCIENCE-GOSSIP.     London,  June,  1894. — Larvae-nymphs  of  British 
dragonflies,  W.  H.  Nunney,  figs.    A  study  of  wasps'  nests,  J.  T.  Carring- 
ton,  figs. 

24.  BULLETIN  No.  24.    Hatch  Experiment  Station  of  the  Massachusetts 
Agricultural  College.     Amherst,  Mass.,  April,   1894.— Insecticides;  The 
horn  fly,  C.  H.  Fernald. — No.   25.     Fungicides  and  insecticides,  S.  T. 
Maynard. 

25.  THIRD  ANNUAL  RKPORT  of  the  Director  for  the  year  1893,  Ex- 
perimental Station,  The  University  of  Kansas.      Topeka,   May,   1894.— 
Contagious  diseases  of  the  chinch  bug,  F.  H.  Snow,  director,  247  pp., 
r  pi.     Detailed  results  of  experiments  of  infecting  the  bugs  with  the 
fungus  Sporotrichiiui. 

26.  THE  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  Ont.,  June,  1894.— The 
Coleoptera  of  Canada — i.     The  Cicindelidce  of  Ontario  and  Quebec,  H. 
F.  Wickham,  tigs.     The  butterflies  of  Laggan,    N.  W.   T. ;   account  (if 
certain  species  inhabiting  the  Rocky  Mountains  in  latitude  51°  25'  (cont.), 
T.  E.  Bean.     A  method  of  securing  moths'  eg.^s,  J.    I!.   Lembert.     New 
Cynipidce,  C.  P.  Gillette.     Washington  Phalangicla,  with  description  ol  a 


230  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

new  southern  Liobunuin,  N.  Banks.  Florida  Aphoruridae,  Dr.  E.  Lonn- 
berg.  Notes  on  the  neuration  and  relationships  of  Pieridi  and  Antho- 
charidi,  J.  VV.  Tutt,  rigs.  New  species  of  Nothochrysa,  A.  D.  Macgillivray. 
Remarks  on  Zethus  slossonce,  W.  J.  Fox.  On  Ochyriaferrugata  Cl.,  L. 

B.  Front.     Notes,  etc. — July,   1894.     A  preliminary  review  of  the  North 
American  Decticidae,  S.    H.  Scudder.     Botys  urticaloides  n.  s.,  T.   \V. 
Fyles.     Descriptions  of  the  larvae  of  certain  Tenthredinidse,  H.  G.  Dyar. 
Further  notes   on  ,'scale  insects    (Coccidae),    T.    D.    A.    Cockerell.     On 
Chwnobas  alberta  Elwes,  W.  H.  Edwards.     Canadian  Hymenoptera— 
No.  4.     W.    Hague  Harrington.     The    Coleoptera   of  Canada,   ii.    The 
Scarabasidae  of  Ontario  and  Quebec,  H.  F.  Wickham.     Occurrence  of 
Triplogon  occidentalis  in  Manitoba,  E.  T.  Heat. 

27.  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx,  9.  10.     Berlin,  May,  1894.— 
Descriptions  of  new  Lamellicornia,  Buprestidae  and  Cerambycidae  from 
Central  and  South  America  (cont.),  A.  F.  Nonfried.     On  the  collecting 
of  fresh  water  sponges,  with  remarks  on  the  insect  larvae  dwelling  in  them, 
Dr.  W.  Weltner,  figs.     Some  words  on  Herr  Girschner's  article  in  "  En- 
tomologische  Nachrichten,"  1894,  p.  61,  entitled  "  Beitrage  zur  Biologie 
von  Hilara,"  Prof.  J.  Mik.     On  the  abdomen  of  the  Cleridae,  Dr.  C. 
Verhoeff. 

28.  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON, 
1894,  pt.  ii,  June,  1894. — On  the  phylogeny  of  the  Pierinae,  as  illustrated 
by  their  wing-markings  and  geographical  distribution,  F.  A.  Dixey,  3  pis. 
Some  notes  on  the  microlepidoptera  whose  larvae  are  external  feeders, 
and  chiefly  on  the  early  stages  of  Erioccphala  calthella  (Zygaenidae,  Li- 
macodidae,  Eriocephalidae),  T.  A.  Chapman,   2  pis.     Description  of  the 
larva  and  pupa  of  Papilio  homerus  Fab.,  C.  B.  Taylor.    Some  new  species 
of  Membracidas,  Rev.  Canon  Fowler. 

29.  COMPTES  RENDU.  SOCIETE  DE  BIOLOGIE.     Paris,  May  26,  1894.— 
On  parthenogenesis  of  plumicolous  Sarcoptidae,  Dr.  E.  Trouessart.— 
June  2.     An  acarine  parasite  of  carnations,  L.  Mangin. 

30.  THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.     London, 
June,  1894. — Observations  on  the  derivation  and  homologies  of  some 
Articulates,  J.  D.  Dana  (from  Am.  Jour.  Sci.  May,  1894).     Lateral  eyes 
in  the  Galeodidae,  H.  M.  Bernard,  figs.     Description  of  a  new  Longicorn 
beetle  of  the  genus  Diaxenes  which  had  been  found  injuring  some  im- 
ported orchids,  C.  J.  Gahan,  fig. — July,   1894.     Two  new  Coccidae  from 
the  arid  region  of  North  America,  by  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.     On  a  small 
collection  of  Odonata  from  Queensland,  with  descriptions  of  five  nt-u 
species,  W.  F.  Kirby.     Distribution  of  Coccidae,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell. 

31.  INDIAN  MUSEUM  NOTES,  iii,  3.    Calcutta,  1894. — A  new  Coccid  from 
Ceylon,  G.  B.  Buckton,  fig.     A  new  enemy  of  the  custard-apple,  E.   L. 
Ragonot,  transl.  by  F.  Moore,  fig.    Notes  on  Indian  Aphidae  [on  Bamboo], 
G.  B.  Buckton.     Miscellaneous  notes  from  the  entomological  section,  E. 

C.  Coates,  figs. 


1 894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  231 

32.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.    London,  June,  1894. — The  new  entomology, 
W.  F.  deV.  Kane. — July,  1894.    The  hunting  spider  of  the  vine,  T.  D.  A. 
Cockerell.     Catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Ireland,  W.  F.  de  Vismes 
Kane.     Notes  on  the  synonymy  of  Noctuid  moths,  A.  G.  Butler. 

33.  ANALES  DEL  INSTITUTE  FISICO-GEOGRAFICO  y  DEL  MUSEO  NA- 
CIONAL  DE  COSTA  RICA;  tome  iv,  1891.     San  Jose  de  Costa  Rica,  1893.— 
Arachnological  fauna  of  Costa — Epeiridse,  A.  Getaz. 

34.  BIOLOGIA   CENTRALI-AMERICANA.      Part  cxvi.       London,    April, 
1894. — Arachnida-Araneidea,  pi.  14,  O.  P.  Cambridge.     Orthoptera,  pp. 
161-192,  H.  de  Saussure  and  L.  Zehnter.    Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera,  vol. 
ii,  pis.  Ixxix,  Ixxx,  F.  D.  Godman  and  O.  Salvin.     Hymenoptera,  vol.  ii, 
PP-  305-312,  pi.  13,  P.  Cameron. 

35.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  CINCINNATI  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.— 
Biological  notes  on  the  reared  parasitic  Hymenoptera  of  Ohio  and  In- 
diana, with  descriptions  of  thirteen  new  species  by  W.  H.  Ashmead,  F. 
M.  Webster. 

36.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.     London,  July,  1894. 
—Notes  on  the  earlier  stages  of  Nepticulae,  with  a  view  to  their  better 
recognition  at  this  period  of  their  life,  John  H.  Wood.     Notes  on  Ther- 
inobia  domestica  and  its  occurrence  in  the  United  States,  A.  S.  Packard. 
Supplement  to  annotated  list  of  British  Tachinidae,  R.  H.  Meade. 

37.  FIFTH  ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE  MISSOURI  BOTANICAL  GARDENS. 
-The  emergence  of  Pronuba  from  the  Yucca  capsules,  J.  C.  Whitten. 

38.  ZOOLOGISCHE  JAHRBUCHER,  vol.  vii,  No.  5. — General  biology  of 
butterflies,  Dr.  Adelbert  Seitz.     The  fauna  of  Lin-Kin,  island  Okinawa, 
Dr.  Adolph  Fritz. 

39.  The  butterflies  of  North  America  with  colored  drawings  and  de- 
scriptions, W.   H.   Edwards.      Third  series,  part  15.      Contains:    Arg. 
astarte,  Arg.  alberta,  egg  and  larva,   Chionobas  subhyalina,  norna,    C. 
semidea  and  transformationis. 

40.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  NEW  YORK  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  vol.  ii, 
No.  2. — On  the  Lycosidae  of  Colorado,  Nathan  Banks.     Synopsis  of  the 
Dipterous  genus  Symphoromyia,  D.  W .  Coquillett.    Description  of  a  new 
tree  cricket,   Oecanthus  pini,  Wm.  Betitenmiiller.     Preliminary  revision 
of  the  Bombyces  of  America  north  of  Mexico,  B.  Neumoegen  and  H.  G. 
Dyar.     New  West  African  butterflies  G.  A.  Ehrmann.     Some  new  Santo 
Domingo  Tachinida:,  C.  H.  T.  Townstml.    Note  on  Cicindela  scutcllaris 
var.  lecontci,  }.  Alston  Moffat.     Notes  on  some  parasites  of  Vespa,  Rev. 

|.  L.  Zabriskie.  Note  on  Psep/ieiuis  lecontci,  C.  W.  Leng.  Preliminary 
hand-book  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Northeastern  America,  C.  W.  Leng  and 
Wm.  Beutenmiiller.  Note  on  the  periodical  Cicada,  Wm.  T.  Davis. 

41.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON  for  1894, 
part  i. — On  a  collection  of  butterflies  made  in  Manica,  tropical  Southeast 
Africa  by  Mr.  F.  C.  Selous  in  the  year  1892,  Roland  Trimen. 


232  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [September, 

42.  THE  KANSAS  UNIVERSITY  QUARTERLY,  vol.  iii,  No.  i. — The  genus 
Dolichomia,  with  description  of  a  new  species,  S.  W.  Williston.     Toxo- 
nomic  value  of  the  scales  of  the  Lepidoptera,  V.  L.  Kellogg. 

43.  The  Orthoptera  of  Kentucky  by  H.  Garman,  from  sixth  annual 
report  Kentucky  Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 

44.  The  periodical  Cicada,   or  the   "Seventeen-year  Locust,"   J.   A. 
Lintner. 

45.  ANNALES  SOCIETE  ENTOMOLOGIQUE  DE  BELGIQUE,  vol.  xxxviii, 
No.  6. — Revision  of  the  catalogue  of  the  Longicorns  of  Belgium,  Aug. 
Lameere.     Descriptions  of  Algerian  Coleoptera,  L.  Fairmaire.     Coleop- 
tera  of  intertropical  Africa,  L.  Fairmaire. 

46.  Species  Hymenopteres  des  D' Europe  and  D'Alg^rie,  Edmond  and 
Ernest  Andre",  July,  1894;  pt.  47. 

47.  ANNALEN  DES  K.  K.  NATURHISTORISCHEN  HOFMUSEUMS,  vol.  viii, 
Nos.  3  and  4. — On  Ampulex,  Jurine  (S.  L. )  and  closely  allied  Hymenop- 
terous  genera,  Franz  Fredr.  Kohl.     The  Lepidoptera  fauna  of  the  Cana- 
ries, Dr.  H.  Rebel  and  A.  Rogenhofer. 

48.  ANNALES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  LINNEENE  DE  LYON,  vol.  xxxviii,  1891. 
—Nests  and  metamorphoses  of  insects,  Captain  Xambeu. 

49.  PERIODICAL  OF  THE  HUNGARIAN  NATIONAL  MUSEUM.     Budapest, 
pts.  i,  2,  1894. — New  species  of  Pepsis,  Alexandro  Mocsary. 

50.  BULL.  DE  LA  SOCIETE  DES  SCIENCES  NATURELLES  DE  L'OUEST  DE 
LA  FRANCE,  vol.  iv,  1894. — The  digestive  tube  of  the  Orthoptera,  1'abbe 
J.  Dominique. 


INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  *  denotes  new 
North  American  forms. 


LEPIDOPTERA. 

Gumppenberg  i,  Dyar  10,  Anon.  15,  Bean  26,  Lembert  26,  Tutt  26, 
Prout  26,  Dixey  28,  Chapman  28,  Taylor  28,  Ragonot  and  Moore  31, 
Fyles  26*,  Edwards  26,  Heath  26,  Whitten  37,  Kane  38,  Butler  38,  Tutt 
39,  Seitz  40,  Edwards  41,  Neumoegen  and  Dyar  42,  Ehrmann  42*,  Trimen 
43*,  Kellogg  44,  Wood  36,  Rebel  and  Rogenhofer  49*. 


GENERAL  SUBJECT 


LrtlNh-KAL,  bUUJh-Ui. 

Blanchard  2,  Herrera  2,  Dubois  2,  Krasilshtshik  2,  Girard  2,  Huard  12, 
Beaulieu  12,  Robertson  13,  Smith  14,  Wagner  16,  K.  Ballowitz  19,  E. 
Ballowitz  19,  Bernard  20,  Fernald  24,  Snow  25,  Weltner  27,  Brongniart  7, 
Dana  30,  Coates  31,  Kane  32,  Frit/  40,  Xambeu  48. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  232^ 

INDEX  TO  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  LITERATURE, 

ENT.  NEWS,  vol.  v,  pp.  227-232,  to  replace  the  Index  on  pp.  232-233. 
(The  Index  to  Entomological  Literature  published  in  the  NEWS  for  Sep- 
tember contains  so  many  errors  that  it  becomes  necessary  to  publish  this 
corrected  copy  which  may  be  inserted  in  its  proper  place. — P.  P.  C.) 


THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Blanchard  2,  Herrera  2,  Dubois  2,  Krasilshtshik  2,  Girard  2,  Brongniart 
7,  Huard  12,  Beaulieu  12,  Robertson  13,  Smith  14,  Wagner  16,  K.  Ballo- 
witz  19,  E.  Ballowitz  19,  Bernard  20,  Butler  22,  Maynard  24,  Snow  25, 
Weltner  27,  Dana  30,  Coates  31,  Kane  32,  Fritz  38,  Xambeu  48. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Lignieres  2  (two),  Trouessart  3,  29,  Peckham  6*,  Banks  26,  40,  Mangin 
29,  Bernard  30,  Getaz  33*,  Cockerell  32,  Cambridge  34*. 

SYMPHYLA. 
Schmidt  21. 

THYSANURA. 
Lonnberg  26,  Packard  36. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Nunney  23,  Macgillivray  26,  Kirby  30. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

d'Herculais  3,  v.  Wattenwyl  6*,  Hancock  18.  Scudder  26*,  deSaussure 
and  Zehnter  34*,  Beutenmiiller  40*,  Garman  43*,  Dominique  50. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Raspail  2,  Xambeu  7, 'Planet  7,  Decaux  7,  Escherich  n,  Wickham  26 
(two),  Nonfried  27*,  Verhoeff  27,  Gahan  30,  Moffat  40,  Leng  40,  Leng 
and  Beutenmuller  40,  Lameere  45,  Fairmaire  45. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Cockerell  2  (two,  L.  schini*,  Mytilaspis  philococcus*},  26*,  30  (two), 
Uhler  6*,  Dreyfuss  21,  Snow  25,  Fowler  28*,  Buckton  31  (two),  Davis  40, 

Lintner  44. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Gumppenberg-  i,  Tutt  4,  26,  Prout  4,  26,  Chapman  4,  28,  Dyar  10, 
Anon  15,  Bean  26,  Lembert  26,  Fyles  26*,  Edwards  26,  39,  Heath  26, 
Dixey  28,  Taylor  28,  Ragonot  and  Moore  31,  Kane  32,  Butler  32,  God- 
man  and  Salvin  34,  Wood  36,  Whitten  37,  Seitz  38,  Neumoegen  and  Dyar 
40,  Ehrmann  40,  Tnmen  41,  Kellogg  42,  Rebel  and  Rogenhofer  47. 

DIPTERA. 

d'Herculais  3,  Storm  8,  Arribalzaga  9,  Swainson  17,  Fernald  24,  Mik 
27,  Meade  36,  Coquillett  40*,  Townsend  40*,  Williston  42*. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Janet  2,  3,  Minakata  5,  Carrin-ton  23,  Gillette  26,  Fox  26,  Harrington 
29*,  Cameron  34*,  Webster  35,  Ashmead  35*,  Zabriskie  40*,  Andre  46, 
Kloh  47*,Mocsary  49*. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  233 

ARACHNIDA. 

Lignieres  i  (two),  Peckham  6*,  Banks  26,  Trouessart  3,  29,  Mangin  29, 
Bernard  30,  Getaz  33*,  Cockerell  38,  Banks  42*. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Raspail  2,  Xambeu  7,  Planet  7,  Escherich  n,  Wickham  26,  Nonfried 
27*,  Decaux  7,  Gahan  30,  Wickham  26,  Moffat  42,  Leng  42,  Leng  and 
Beutenmuller  42,  Lameere  45,  Fairmaire  45* 

HEMIPTERA. 

Cockerell  2  (t'wo,  L.  schini*,  Mytilaspis  philococcus*},  Uhler  6*,  Snow 
25,  Fowler  28*,  Buckton  31  (two),  Dreyfuss  21,  Cockerell  26*,  30,  Davis 
42,  Lintner  44. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Janet  2,  3,  Minakata  5,  Gillette  26,  Fox  26,  Dyar  26,  Harrington  26*,. 
Webster  35*,  Zabriskie  40*,  Andre"  46,  Kohl  47*,  Mocsary  49*. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

v.  Wattenwyl  6*,  d'Herculais  3,  Hancock  18,  Scudder26*,  Beutenmuller 
40*,  Garman  43*,  Dominique  50. 

DIPTERA. 

Storm  8,  Arribalzaga  9,  d'Herculais  3,  Swainson  17,  Fernald  24,  Meade 
36,  Coquillett  40*,  Townsend  40*,  Williston  42*. 

SYMPHYLA. 
Schmidt  21. 

THYSANURA. 
Lonnberg  26,  Packard  36. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Macgillivray  26,  Kirby  30*. 


Tne  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


MAY  24,   1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  G.  H.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  Calvert,  Welles, -Ridings,  Skinner,  Laurent,  Liebeck.  Asso- 
ciates: Fox,  Reinecke  and  Dr.  Castle.  Mr.  Calvert  spoke  of  the  Neurop- 
tera  collected  by  the  expedition  sent  by  the  California  Acad.  of  Sciences 
to  the  peninsula  of  Lower  California.  Sixteen  hundred  specimens  were 


234  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

captured  and  put  into  strong  alcohol,  which  had  the  effect  of  preserving 
the  colors  of  the  specimens  remarkably  well.  The  collection  was  of  in- 
terest in  extending  a  knowledge  of  geographical  distribution.  It  was 
rich  in  species  of  Aeschna,  whereas  on  the  East  coast  there  are  but  three 
species.  The  speaker  pointed  out  the  methods  of  separating  the  Cali- 
fornia species.  The  species  luteipennis  and  calif ornicus  are  types  of 
groups,  and  are  separated  by  the  anatomy  of  the  appendages,  the  former 
having  an  excision  and  the  latter  a  carina.  Other  species  are  cornigera, 
constricta,  multicolor  and  ventricolis.  The  comparative  anatomy  of  the 
appendages  in  these  species  was  also  pointed  out.  The  females  could  not 
be  separated,  except  in  one  case,  and  that  was  by  the  size  of  the  specimen. 

Dr.  H.  SKINNER,  Recorder. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW  HYMENOPTERA. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Entomologist  N.  M.  Ag.  Ex.  Station. 

Melissodes  tristis  Ckll.,  n.  sp.  <$. — Black  with  pale  ochreous  pubes- 
cence. Length  about  10  mm.  Face  strongly  and  closely  punctured,  the 
between  the  eyes  and  the  ocelli  the  punctures  become  much  smaller 
and  less  crowded.  Clypeus  strongly  punctured,  black;  mandibles  dark 
reddish,  except  their  black  shining  bases.  Head  clothed  with  long  pu- 
bescence, pale  ochreous,  except  that  below  the  eyes,  which  is  white. 
Antennae  rufous  on  one  side  and  blackish  on  the  other,  the  basal  and  two 
terminal  joints  fuscous.  First  joint  of  flagellum  conspicuously  longer 
than  second,  and  longer  than  the  first  joint  of  M.  agilis.  Thorax  strongly 
punctured,  thickly  clothed  with  pale  ochreous  pubescence,  which  becomes 
white  on  the  sides  and  beneath.  Abdomen  rather  dull,  rather  finely  and 
sparsely  punctured,  pubescence  as  in  agilis,  but  paler.  Last  segment 
reddish,  with  a  purplish  lustre,  its  apex  broadly  truncate.  The  tooth  at 
the  side  of  the  penultimate  segment  is  not  so  large  as  in  agilis.  Femora 
and  tibiae  black,  tarsi  reddish;  tibiae  and  tarsi  with  long  pale  pubescence. 
Inner  tooth  of  claw  on  middle  foot  decidedly  shorter  in  proportion  to 
outer  than  is  the  case  in  agilis.  Wings  hyaline  with  rather  pale  brown 
nervures.  Third  submarginal  cell  with  its  radial  side  conspicuously 
shorter  than  that  portion  of  the  third  transverso-cubital  nervure  from  the 
radial  nervure  to  the  bend;  whereas  in  agilis  these  are  about  equal.  This 
character  in  tristis  seemed  certainly  of  specific  value,  but  on  examining 
the  second  example  of  the  new  species  the  third  submarginal  was  found 
to  be  as  in  agilis. 

Hab. — Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.,  Aug.  21,  1893.    Two  specimens. 
The  M.  agilis  used  for  comparison  is  one  I  caught  at  luarez, 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  235 

Mex.,  on  August  26th.  It  was  identified  by  Mr.  Fox,  and  is,  I 
believe,  an  addition  to  the  Mexican  fauna.  Mr.  Fox,  who  has 
access  to  the  types  of  Cresson,  assures  me  that  M.  tristis  is  un- 
described.  He  remarks  that  it  resembles  the  £  of  M.  menuacha, 
'agilis  and  confusa,  but  differs  in  not  having"  a  yellow  clypeus. 

Calliopsis  subalpinus  Ckll.  n.  sp.  <$. — Black,  with  the  antennae  and 
front  legs  parti}-  rufous.  Length  about  8  5  mm.  Head  broad,  some- 
what broader  than  thorax,  shining  black,  finely  and  rather  sparsely  punc- 
tured, rather  thinly  clothed  with  long  grayish  white  hairs,  which  are 
denser  on  the  face.  Clypeus  pale  primrose-yellow,  except  a  black  patch, 
broader  than  long  and  broadly  notched  below,  on  its  upper  median  bor- 
der, and  a  small  black  spot  on  each  side  of  this  patch.  The  space  be- 
tween the  clypeus  and  the  antennce,  and  a  band  along  the  front  lower 
margin  of  each  eye,  are  also  pale  yellow.  Mandibles  pale  yellow,  with 
the  tips  rufous;  antennas  with  the  flagellum  more  or  less  yellowish  rufous, 
the  last  two  segments  being  wholly  so;  scape  black.  Length  of  antennae 
2 '3  mm.  Thorax  oval,  shining  pitch-black,  sparsely  punctured,  with  hairs 
like  those  on  the  head.  Abdomen  black,  shiny,  finely  and  rather  closely 
punctured;  the  last  three  segments  conspicuously  hirsute  at  sides  with 
pale  brownish  hairs;  the  last  five  segments  dorsally  with  a  fine  appressed 
pubescence  of  the  same  color,  while  on  the  first  two  segments  the  hairs 
are  sparse  and  more  inconspicuous.  The  general  appearance  produced 
I  >y  the  hairs  of  the  abdomen  at  a  glance  is  as  if  it  were  dusty.  Length 
of  abdomen  nearly  5  mm.  Legs  black,  hairy  like  the  thorax;  tarsi  of 
front  and  middle  legs,  and  anterior  part  of  tibiae  of  front  legs  orange- 
rufous.  Wings  hyaline,  brilliantly  iridescent,  green  and  pink  in  certain 
lights,  venation  fuscous;  apex  of  primaries  conspicuously  fuscous,  the 
HHCOUS  portion  being  sharply  defined,  and  about  as  large  as  the  second 
submarginal  cell.  Marginal  cell  very  elongate,  narrowly  truncate  at  apex; 
first  submarginal  over  twice  as  long  as  broad,  second  submarginal  sub- 
quadrate,  narrowed  above. 

Hab. — Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.,  1893.     One  specimen. 

Mr.  Fox  assures  me  that  this  species  is  hitherto  undescribed. 
In  Caster  County,  Colorado,  I  took  Calliopsis  in  the  high-alpine 
zone,  but  not  in  the  mid-alpine  (Tr.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  310). 
The  present  species,  from  3800  feet  in  southern  New  Mexico,  is 
quite  different  from  the  high-alpine  one  I  found  in  Colorado. 

Nomada  penniger  Ckll.  n.  sp. — Black  with  reddish  legs  and  abdomen; 
length  about  6  mm.  Head  about  as  broad  as  thorax,  broader  than 
long,  eyes  large.  Head  pitch-black,  shiny,  finely  punctured;  face  cov- 
ered with  appressed  grayish  silvery  hairs,  which  aiv  pinnately  barbed; 
antennae  very  dark  bro\vn;  mandibles  reddish;  clypeus  reddish.  Scape 
of  antennce  witli  conspicuous  appressed  pale  hairs;  funicle  without  hairs, 


236  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [September, 

but  very  finely  pubescent  towards  the  end.  Ring-joint  hairy.  First  joint 
of  flagellum  fully  one-third  longer  than  second.  Thorax  circular  seen 
from  above,  obliquely  oval  seen  from  the  side.  Dorsum  of  mesothorax 
and  scutellum  shining  black,  deeply  punctured;  tegulas  rufous;  prothorax, 
sides  of  thorax,  postscutellar  and  metathorax,  except  a  shining  central  or 
dorsal  portion,  thickly  clothed  with  appressed  silvery  hairs,  resembling 
those  on  face.  Mesothorax,  scutellum  and  metathorax  with  a  slight  me- 
dian furrow.  Abdomen  broadly  ovate-lanceolate,  about  as  long  as  head 
and  thorax;  shiny,  smooth  on  dorsum,  except  the  descending  portion  of 
the  first  segment,  and  the  lateral  and  inferior  margins  of  the  remaining 
ones,  which  are  silvery,  with  minute  appressed  hairs.  There  is  also  a 
microscopic  and  nearly  imperceptible  pubescence  on  the  dorsum  of  all 
the  segments.  Basal  portion  of  first  segment,  distal  half  of  third,  and 
the  whole  of  the  dorsum  of  fourth,  fifth  and  sixth  segments  black;  ab- 
domen otherwise  dark  rufous.  Legs  rufous,  pubescent,  tibiae  and  first 
joint  of  the  tarsus  presenting  a  black  cloud  on  their  outer  surface;  tibia; 
and  first  joint  of  tarsus  silvery,  with  appressed  hairs;  tibial  spurs  black. 
Wings  extending  to  end  of  abdomen;  hyaline,  primaries  with  the  external 
margin  broadly  pale  fuscous,  the  color  forming  a  darker  cloud  near  the 
apex.  Discal  portion  of  marginal  cell  also  with  a  fuscous  cloud.  Third 
submarginal  cell  conspicuously  narrowed  above.  Marginal  cell  narrowly 
truncate  at  apex.  Veins  dark  brown. 

Hab. — Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.,  July  29,  1893.     One  specimen. 

Mr.  Fox  states  that  the  species  is  undescribed;  this  I  could  not 
have  ascertained  for  myself,  not  having  access  to  many  of  the 
published  descriptions. 


OBITUARY. 

£. 

LUCIEN  FRANCOIS   LIIHIERRY,   the  celebrated   Hemipterist,  died  in 

Lille  on  the  4th  of  April,  1894,  aged  64  years. 

We  have  lately  learned  of  the  death  of  Mr.  OLIVER  J.  STALEY,  of  Mar- 
shall, Saline  County,  Missouri.  Mr.  STALEY  was  doing  good  work  in  his 
locality,  and  we  heard  of  his  death  with  sorrow  and  regret. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  June  was  mailed  May  31,  1894. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  VIII. 


-« 


j  Kt 


Ja.. 


COLEOPTERA— \Vickbam,  see  page  260. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.    V. 


OCTOBER,   1894. 


No.  8. 


CONTENTS: 


Arnold— A  flight  of  Locusts 237 

Smith — Classification  of  the  Lepid 240 

Calvert— Data  on    the  distribution   of 

dragonflies 242 

Nason— Mounting  Hymen,  and  Diptera  245 

New  localities  for  Hymen 246 

Editorial 248 

Economic  Entomology 249 


Notes  and  News 253 

Entomological  Literature 255 

Entomological  Section 260 

Wickham— Descriptions  of  the  larvae  of 
Tritoma,  Carpophilus  and  Cyllodes  260 

Cockerell — Desc.  of  new  Coccidas 263 

Kunze — Larva  and  pupa  of  S.  luscitiosa  265 


A  FLIGHT  OF  LOCUSTS. 

By  SIR  EDWIN  ARNOLD  in  the  Daily  Telegram,  London. 

We  were  sitting  on  a  hill  upon  the  southern  side  of  the  great 
plain  of  Esdraelon,  in  the  Holy  Land,  with  our  backs  turned  to 
the  west  wind,  which  was  softly  blowing  from  the  Mediterranean. 
The  horses  were  picketed  close  by,  grazing  the  sweet  mountain 
grass.  The  Arabs  of  our  caravans  were  cooking  a  "  pillaw"  a 
little  distance  off.  Around  us  were  laid  out  the  wherewithals  of 
a  light  lunch,  among  which  was  an  open  marmalade  jar.  I  was 
thinking  of  Ahab;  and  wondering  how  he  could  put  up  so  long 
with  Elijah,  especially  when  on  this  very  spot  the  prophet  said 
to  the  king,  "  As  the  Lord  liveth,  in  this  place  where  dogs  licked 
the  blood  of  Naboth  shall  dogs  lick  thy  blood — even  thine" 
when  suddenly,  right  into  the  marmalade,  there  dropped  what  I 
took  for  a  large  grasshopper.  It  was  yellow  and  green,  with 
long  jumping  legs  and  a  big  head,  and  while  I  was  taking  it  out 
of  the  jar  two  others  fell  into  a  plate  of  soup  and  half  a  dozen 
more  of  the  same  kind  upon  a  dish  of  salad.  At  the  same  time 
my  horse  stamped  violently,  and  I  saw  more  of  these  grasshop- 


238  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

pers  pelting  his  hocks  and  haunch.  Turning  round  to  find  whence 
this  insect  shower  came,  I  witnessed  what  was  to  me  an  extra- 
ordinary spectacle,  though  common  enough  of  course  in  the 
East.  A  large  cloud,  denser  in  its  lower  than  in  its  upper  part, 
filled  an  eighth  part  of  the  western  hemicycle.  The  remoter 
portion  of  it  was  as  thick,  as  brown  and  brumous,  as  a  London 
fog.  The  nearer  side  opened  suddenly  up  into  millions,  and 
billions,  and  trillions,  and  sextillions  of  the  same  green  and  yel- 
low insects,  pelting  in  a  close  winged  crowd  quite  as  thickly  as 
flakes  of  snow  upon  all  the  hillsides  near  and  far.  You  could  not 
stand  a  moment  against  the  aggressive  and  offensive  rain  of  these 
buzzing  creatures.  The  horses  even  swung  themselves  round 
and  stood  with  lowered  crests,  taking  the  storm  upon  their  backs 
and  flanks.  You  had  to  turn  up  the  collar  of  your  coat  to  keep 
them  out  of  your  neck,  and  button  the  front  not  to  have  your 
pockets  filled  with  the  repulsive  swarm,  which  in  two  minutes  had 
so  peppered  the  whole  scene  round  about  that  its  color  and  char- 
acter were  entirely  altered.  Every  little  creature  of  the  inter- 
minable flight  on  alighting  veered  himself  round  head  to  wind 
on  the  earth,  just  as  if  he  had  dropped  anchor  and  swung  to  the 
breeze;  and  it  was  curious  to  notice  that  the  general  tint  on  the 
ground  of  their  countless  bodies  was  brown  if  you  looked  to  wind- 
ward, and  green  if  you  gazed  to  leeward.  But  very  quickly  the 
only  green  to  be  seen  round  about  was  the  hue  afforded  by  this 
sudden  invasion.  Even  while  we  prepared  to  yield  up  the  spot 
to  them  and  pack  our  lunch  baskets  for  departure  they  had  cleared 
off  grass  and  leaves  and  every  verdant  thing  around:  and  where 
they  rose  again  from  the  soil,  or  from  any  clump  of  trees  in  a 
hungry  throng,  the  place  they  quitted  had  already  assumed  a 
barren  and  wintry  aspect.  The  Syrian  peasants  passing  along 
the  roads  were  beating  their  breasts  and  cursing  the  ill-fortune 
of  this  plague.  Some  of  them,  none  the  less,  gathered  up  a 
clothful  of  the  noxious  things;  for  the  locust  is  distinctly  edible. 
Half  in  wrath  and  revenge  and  half  for  a  novelty  in  diet,  the 
Arabs  to  this  day  eat  a  few  of  them,  roasting  them  in  wire  nets 
or  in  earthern  vessels  over  a  slow  fire  till  the  wings  and  legs  drop 
off,  and  the  locust  becomes  crisp,  in  which  state  it  tastes,  as  I  am 
able  to  say  from  personal  experiment,  something  like  an  unsalted 
prawn.  But  it  seemed  as  if,  had  all  Syria  and  the  globe  itself 
taken  to  living  on  locusts,  they  would  hardly  have  made  a  sensi- 


Zp94-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  239 

bje  mark  upon  the  extraordinary  number  that  drifted  that  clay 
oyer  our  heads.  St.  John  the  Baptist  is  said  to  have  supported 
existence  upon  that  sort  of  "  locust"  which  grows  on  the  carob 
tree,  a  kind  of  sweet  bean;  but  this  is  very  probably  a  mistake 
oj"  the  commentators,  who  did  not  wish  history  to  feed  so  distin- 
o-fiished  a  character  upon  a  diet  so  disgusting.  Probably  he,  too, 
at:e  dried  grasshoppers,  for  there  is  no  doubt  whatever  that  East- 
ei-ners  have  already  retaliated  upon  these  devourers  of  their  crops 
bf  in  turn  devouring  them.  No  better  proof  is  wanted  of  this 
t^an  the  constant  practice  of  the  Arabs  to-day,  and  that  verse  in 
Leviticus  which  runs,  "  Thou  mayest  eat  the  locust  after  his  kind, 
tj-ie  bald  locust  after  his  kind,  the  beetle  after  his  kind,  and  the 
o-rasshopper  after  his  kind." 

The  flying  plague  passed  away  almost  as  quickly  as  it  had 
C(3me,  disappearing  over  Jezreel  and  the  Jordan  in  the  same  long, 
l^w  brown  cloud.  But  the  earth  remained  for  a  long  time  strewn 
with  them,  almost  as  closely  as  if  none  had  taken  wing.  Every 
Depression  in  the  ground,  every  horse-hoof  mark,  was  filled  with 
(jpzens  or  scores  of  them,  spitting  a  green  juice  and  always  head 
tc)  wind;  and  what  we  observed  was  nothing — be  it  remembered— 
C(Dmpared  to  the  flights  witnessed  in  southern  Africa  and  else- 
where.  Borrow,  in  his  travels,  speaks  of  the  ground  being  cov- 
e,"ed  by  them  over  an  area  of  2000  square  miles.  Travelers  tell 
of  wide  rivers,  the  water  of  which  becomes  invisible  on  account 
of  the  dead  bodies  of  these  insects  floating  on  the  surface.  The 
Albert  Nyanza  is  called  by  the  natives  the  "  Muta  Nzigi,"  or 
<•  lake  of  the  white  locusts,"  from  the  enormous  masses  of  these 
cfeatures  which  drown  in  its  waves  and  are  washed  up  on  its 
spores  in  pestiferous  heaps.  That  is  the  worst  of  the  locust.  In 
Inhabited  countries  it  is  almost  more  dreadful  dead  than  alive— 
poisoning  the  cattle  and  spreading  disease.  It  must  be,  however, 
ap  excellent  manure  in  desolate  regions,  and  no  doubt,  in  some 
wonderful  way  of  nature,  manages  to  expiate  its  ravages  by  its 
agricultural  usefulness.  In  Cyprus  the  English  government  has 
waged  a  long  and  costly  war  with  this  Gryllus  migratorius,  but 
\{  anybody  had  sat  with  us  at  lunch  that  clay  upon  the  hill  in 
psdraelon,  it  seems  to  me  he  would  have  backed  the  locusts 
against  the  strongest  and  richest  government  that  ever  went  to 
vvrar  with  its  winged  host. 


240  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

CLASSIFICATION  OF  THE  LEPIDOPTERA. 

By  J.  B.  SMITH,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

In  the  September,  1894,  number  of  the  ENT.  NEWS,  Mr.  Tutt 
makes  some  suggestions  on  Classification,  particularly  in  refer- 
ence to  the  Pterophoridae  and  Alucitidae.  Concerning  these 
families,  or  whatever  else  their  rank  may  be,  I  will  venture  no 
opinion;  but  on  the  general  subject  of  which  Mr.  Tutt  speaks  I 
believe  I  am  entitled  to  an  opinion,  and  this,  while  I  do  not  dis- 
agree with  Mr.  Tutt,  is  not  quite  entirely  in  accord  with  his  sug- 
gestions. For  instance,  I  do  not  believe  for  a  moment  that 
' '  There  never  will  be  a  final  authoritative  revision  of  any  genus 
of  butterflies  until  the  preparatory  stages  in  every  species  of  it 
is  known,"  and  in  the  same  way  I  do  not  believe  that  it  is  neces- 
sary to  know  all  the  early  stages  before  making  a  final  classifica- 
tion of  Lepidoptera,  based  upon  characters  of  the  adult  only. 
I  would  not  for  a  moment  suggest  the  idea  that  the  early  stages 
are  not  of  importance.  On  the  contrary  I  believe  that  they  are 
of  the  highest  possible  importance,  and  I  believe  that  no  classifi- 
cation which  associates  forms  which  show  any  real  divergence  in 
the  structure  of  any  of  the  early  stages  can  be  final.  But  this 
proves  only  the  imperfection  of  the  classification,  and  not  that  a 
perfect  classification  is  not  possible.  I  wish  to  say  again,  as  I 
have  said  so  frequently,  that  I  do  not  believe  that  the  present 
basis  for  our  classification  is  a  correct  one.  Many  of  the  char- 
acters in  use  are  valuable  and  absolute  so  far  as  they  go,  but  we 
must  remember  that  the  entire  external  skeleton  of  the  Lepid- 
optera has  received  practically  no  consideration  in  classification. 
We  must  remember  that  this  very  external  skeleton  affords  char- 
acters of  the  very  highest  importance  in  the  Coleoptera  and  Hy- 
menoptera  as  well  as  in  other  orders,  and  we  must  remember  that 
in  those  orders  the  classification  as  based  upon  the  structure  of 
the  adults  carries  throughout  the  entire  life-history,  and  in  so  far 
as  it  does,  the  classification  may  be  considered  final.  In  other 
words,  I  believe  that  there  can  be  no  essential  variation  in  the 
structure  or  history  of  any  of  the  early  stages,  which  does  not 
also  leave  its  mark  upon  the  imago,  or  final  stage,  and  that  when 
we  really  know  the  Lepidoptera  as  we  know  some  of  the  other 
orders,  notably  the  Coleoptera,  our  classification  based  upon  the 
images  will  be  found  to  agree  perfectly  with  any  reasonable  clas- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  241 

sification  based  upon  the  early  stages.  The  preparatory  stages 
in  the  Lepidoptera  are  merely  steps  to  a  final  end,  the  imago. 
It  is  the  imago  that  represents  the  species,  and  that  in  itself  is 
the  product  of  all  the  circumstances  that  have  surrounded  the 
species  in  all  its  stages  beginning  with  the  egg.  It  is  perfectly 
logical  to  consider  that  in  the  imago  itself  we  have  the  perfect 
species,  and  that  the  early  stages  are  really  only  preparatory, 
and  this  is  especially  true  if  we  accept  Dr.  Gill's  suggestion  that 
the  larval  stages  in  the  Lepidoptera  are  simply  interpolated. 
Larval  characters  may  help  us,  and  undoubtedly  will  help  us  by 
giving  suggestions  as  to  erroneous  associations,  but  whenever 
this  occurs  we  will  find  on  a  careful  study  of  the  adults  that  we 
have  overlooked  some  characteristic,  or  failed  to  appreciate  the 
importance  of  some  point  which  will  eventually  enable  us  to  make 
proper  associates.  I  think  it  may  be  taken  for  granted  that  no 
two  real  species  of  animals,  including  the  insects  under  that  very 
general  term,  are  ever  entirely  alike,  and  the  whole  matter  is 
simply  a  question  of  our  ability  to  ascertain  the  points  of  differ- 
entiation. Larval  characters  are  just  as  apt  to  be  mistaken  or 
misinterpreted  as  those  of  the  imago,  and  this  holds  true,  as  well, 
of  characters  drawn  from  the  pupa,  or  from  any  other  stage  pre- 
ceding the  imago.  There  are  at  the  present  day,  I  believe,  very 
few  naturalists  that  have  not  had  some  field  experience;  that  have 
not  observed  insects  in  the  field  as  well  as  in  the  cabinet;  and  that 
are  not  familiar,  at  least  in  a  general  way,  with  the  characters  of 
the  larvae,  and  I  do  not  believe  that  there  are  many  who  do  not 
realize  that  family  differences,  and  to  a  less  extent  specific  differ- 
ences, are  marked  throughout  the  entire  life  of  the  insect.  Vet, 
to  repeat  again  what  has  been  already  said,  the  culmination  is 
always  in  the  sexually  mature  insect,  and  it  is  in  this  (using  the 
singular  term  to  include  the  two  sexes)  that  we  must  look  for  the 
sum  of  all  the  characters,  which  will  enable  us  to  place  the  creature 
where  it  belongs  in  a  natural  classification. 


Miss  OLDUN  (listening  to  the  insects  hum) — "  I  should  so  love  to  be  a 

locust."     He  (inadvertently) — "You  couldn't  very  well  be  one  of  the 

nteen-year  variety." — . 


242  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

DATA  ON  THE  DISTRIBUTION  OF  DRAGONFLIES 
(ODONATA)-I. 

By  PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Philadelphia. 

During  the  past  seven  years  I  have  received  dragonflies  from 
various  localities  and  entomologists.  Since  these  collections  in 
many  instances  add  to  our  knowledge  of  the  distribution  of  spe- 
cies beyond  that  hitherto  published,  I  have  determined  to  print 
lists  of  these  collections,  except  in  those  cases  in  which  I  know  the 
collectors  intend  doing  so  under  their  own  names.  An  asterisk 
(*)  denotes  that  the  species,  before  whose  name  it  is  placed,  has 
not  hitherto  been  recorded  from  that  State,  although  in  some 
such  instances  I  have  already  cited  the  locality  in  my  Catalogue 
of  Philadelphia  Odonata  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  pp.  227-266, 

1893)- 

MAINE. 

Lists  of  Odonata  from  different  localities  have  been  published 
in  the  NEWS  by  Miss  Wadsworth  (vol.  i,  pp.  36,  55;  vol  ii,  p. 
n;  vol.  iii,  p.  8;  vol.  v,  p.  732),  Prof.  Harvey  (vol.  ii,  pp.  50, 
73;  vol.  iii,  pp.  91,  116)  and  Mr.  Bullock  (vol.  ii,  p.  93). 

In  1891,  Mr.  Bullock  also  gathered  a  few  specimens  at  Mt. 
Desert  Island,  as  follows: 

Calopteryx  maculata  Beauv.    July  i3th. 
^.-Irgia  violacea  Hagen.    July  i3th. 

Enallagma  hageni  Walsh.    Juty  i3th,  very  numerous. 

Goinphus  exilis  Selys.     July  i3th. 

Leucorhinia  frigida  Hagen.  One  male,  July  10;  "eyes  chestnut- 
brown  above,  greenish  in  centre,  greenish  yellow  below;  appar- 
ently just  emerged." 

A  collection  made  by  Mr.  J.  P.  Moore,  at  York  Harbor  in 
1890,  comprised  the  following  species: 

Lestes  unguiculata  Hagen.     August  12,  15. 
** Nehaleiutia  Irene  Hag.     August  15. 
-  Enallagnia  civile  Hag.    July  30,  Aug.  15. 

Ischnura  verticalis  Say.     July  ag-Aug.  14. 

Diplax  rubicundula  Say.     Aug.  12,  15. 

D.  obtrusa  Hag.     Aug.  15. 

D.  vicina  Hag.     Aug.  12. 

D.  costifera  Uhler.     Aug.  i  (one  teneral  tf). 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  243 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Mrs.  Slosson  has  made  collections  in  the  White  Mountains, 
and  we  may  expect  a  list  of  these  from  her  pen.  As  a  contribu- 
tion to  such  a  future  summary,  the  following  observations  may  be 
recorded. 

At  ponds  near  the  White  Mountain  House  (near  Fabyan's)  I 
took,  in  1889,— 

*  Lestes  disjuncta  Selys.     Aug.  22. 

*  Enallagma  ebrium  Hag.     Aug.  23. 
-'Ischnura  verticalis  Say.     Aug.  22. 
'-Aeschna  constricta  Say.     Aug.  22 

clepsydra  Say.     Aug.  22.     Two  males  (see  the  NEWS,  vol. 

v,  p.  u). 

Somatochlora  efangata  Scud.     Aug.  21,  one  female  ovipositing. 
Diplax  rubicundula  Say.     Aug.  22. 

"      obtrusa  Hag.     Aug.  22. 

"      vicina  Hag.     Aug.  22. 

In  1890  I  obtained: 

*  Lestes  uncata  Kirby.     North  Conway,  July  31. 

*  Enallagma  aspersum  Hag.    Echo  Lake  (near  N.  Conway),  July  31. 
-  Aeschna  constricta  Say.    Hermit  Lake  (on  Mt.  Washington),  Aug.  2. 

clepsydra  Say.     Hermit  Lake,  Aug.  2  (eremita  Scud.). 
Cordulia  shurtleffi  Scud.     Hermit  Lake,  Aug.  2,  two  cf . 
Somatochlora  albicincta  Burm.    Hermit  Lake,  Aug.  2,  one  $  one  $ . 
elongata  Scud.     Hermit  Lake,  Aug.  2,  one  $. 
tenebrosa  Say.    Moat  Mountain  (near  North  Conway), 
Aug.  i,  one  (j\ 

Diplax  nibirundula  Say.    Hermit  Lake,  Aug.  2,  and  North  Conway, 
July  31. 

VERMONT. 

Very  few  species  have  been  recorded  from  this  State.  Mrs. 
Slosson  sent  me  the  following  four  species  from  Newport,  on 
Lake  Memphremagog,  taken  in  the  latter  part  of  June,  1893: 

*  Calopteryx  maculata  Beauv.       *  Ischnura  verticalis  Say. 

czquabilis  Say.  *  Gomphtzschnafurcillata  Say. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Mr.  E.  F.  Hitchings  has  published  a  list  of  forty  species,  taken 
at  Lake  Quinsigamond,  Worcester,  in  the  NEWS,  vol.  iii,  p.  39. 
Mr.  A.  L.  Babcock  has  been  collecting  at  Sherborn,  Middlesex 
County,  and  will  perhaps  furnish  a  complete  list. 


244  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [October, 

During-  the  past  Summer  (1894)  I  noted  the  following  species 
at  Wood's  Holl,  but  the  observations  have  not  the  slightest  pre- 
tension to  being  exhaustive: 

*  Enallagma  durum  Hag.     July  9,  19. 

civile  Hag.    July  5,  9,  19  (ovipositing),  Aug.  8. 
aspersum  Hag.    July  9. 
Ischnura  verticalis  Say.    July  5-Aug.  8. 
'Anax  junius  Dru.     Aug.  8. 

auripennis  Burm.     July  19  (ovipositing),  Aug.  8. 
semifasciata  Burm.     July  9. 
piilchella  Dru.    July  9,  19,  Aug.  8. 
Plathemis  trimaculata  Dru.     July  9,  19,  Aug.  8. 
,  "Micrathyria  berenice  Dru.    July  5,  9,  19  (ovipositing,  $  clasping  9  )> 

Aug.  8  (do.). 

Celithemis  elisa  Hag.    July  19  (ovipositing,  $  clasping  9)- 
Diplax  rubicundula  Say.     July  9,  29,  Aug.  8. 
/Mesothemis  simplicicollis  Say.    July  19. 

The  Elizabeth  Islands  are  a  small  chain  stretching  in  a  south- 
westerly direction  from  the  mainland  at  Wood's  Holl.  The 
chief  members  of  the  group,  from  the  mainland  southwestwards, 
are  Nonemeset,  Uncatena,  Naushon,  Pasque,  Nashawena  and 
Cuttyhunk.  On  August  10,  1894,  I  took  the  following  species 
at  fresh  water  ponds  on  Nonemeset: 
Enallagma  civile  Hag.  ^/E.  donbledayi  Selys.  E.  aspersum  Hag. 

And  on  July  17,  1894,  at  fresh  water  ponds  on  Cuttyhunk,  I 
found: 

Lestes  unguiculaia  Hag.  Trained  sp.  (Carolina  L.  ?) 

"     forcipata  Ramb.  *^Libellula  auripennis  Burm. 
*  Enallagma  durum  Hag.  piilchella  Dru. 

civile  Hag.  Diplax  rubicundula  Say. 

^Jschnura  verticalis  Say.  Mesothemis  simplicicollis  Say. 
Anax  junius  Dru. 

Of  these  records,  the  most  interesting  is  undoubtedly  that  of 
Enallagma  doubledayifaom  Nonemeset,  as  this  species  has  hitherto 
been  .known  from  Florida  only.  The  six  males  which  I  secured 
agree  completely  with  Floridan  specimens. 

It  was  not  my  good  fortune  to  find  Anax  longipes  Hag.  which 
Dr.  Hagen  took  at  Wood's  Holl  Aug.  26  and  27,  1875  (see 
"  Ent.  Mo.  Mag."  xx,  p.  169,  1884),  although  I  was  on  the 
lookout  for  it. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  245 

HINTS  IN  REGARD  TO  MOUNTING  HYMENOPTERA 

AND  DIPTERA. 

By  W.  A.  NASON,  Algonquin,  111. 

Dr.  Henri  DeSaussure,  in  his  "  Synopsis  of  Solitary  Wasps," 
published  by  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  on  page  xix,  makes 
some  interesting  suggestions  in  regard  to  the  preparations  of 
these  insects  for  study.  To  observe  to  best  advantage  the  char- 
acters most  useful  in  classification,  they  should,  as  he  says,  have 
their  wings  drooped  forward,  leaving  thus  the  meso-  and  meta- 
thorax  exposed,  and  in  addition  have  the  abdomen  bent  well 
downward. 

The  usefulness  of  some  such  system  of  preparation  of  most 
Hymenoptera  and  Diptera  has  been  impressed  very  strongly  on 
my  attention  recently.  Groups  differ  much  in  the  class  of  char- 
acters most  needed  for  study  of  the  dorsal  surface  of  the  insects 
above  mentioned,  but  in  nearly  all  the  meso-  and  metathorax  and 
dorsal  segments  of  abdomen,  offer  more  or  less  characters  of 
importance.  Many  of  the  species  of  Diptera  and  Hymenoptera 
fold  their  wings  over  the  abdomen  closely  when  killed.  This 
obscures  the  characters  that  should  be  most  clearly  exposed, 
when  assignment  to  families  and  genera  is  attempted.  It  also 
makes  the  study  of  the  venation,  so  important  in  these  groups 
troublesome,  and  often  necessitates  the  softening  process,  and 
possible  mutilation  of  the  specimen  necessary. 

All  this  trouble  the  writer  has  found  by  experience  to  be  easily 
avoided  by  a  few  slight  manoeuvres  during  the  process  of  pinning. 
It  is  my  custom  to  pin  with  the  insect  held  between  forefinger 
and  thumb  of  left  hand,  and  while  the  insect  is  still  within  the 
grasp  of  the  fingers,  after  the  pin  has  transfixed  the  thorax,  I 
push  up  the  wings  to  an  angle  of  45°,  more  or  less,  thus  exposing 
the  scutellum  aad  dorsal  surface  of  abdomen.  It  also  leaves  the 
wings  in  good  position,  for  examination  with  the  lens,  to  deter- 
mine their  venation. 

Where  the  above-mentioned  plan  fails  to  quickly  accomplish 
the  desired  position  of  wings  I  adopt  another  manoeuvre.  While 
the  bee,  fly,  or  other  insect  is  still  in  process  of  mounting,  I  hold 
the  insect  an  inch  or  two  from  my  mouth,  with  the  transfixing 
pin  at  an  angle  of  about  45°,  with  the  vent  of  the  insect  toward 
my  mouth,  and  then  blow  the  insect  with  greater  or  less  force  in 


246  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

accord  with  its  strength  or  delicacy.  This  operation  very  seldom 
fails  of  placing  both  fore  and  hind  wings  of  Hymenoptera  in  a 
desirable  position  for  study  of  venation,  and  never  fails  with 
Diptera. 

The  two  simple  manoeuvres  mentioned  above  have  in  my  hands 
seldom  failed  to  yield  most  satisfactory  results,  and  their  practical 
utility  cannot  be  overestimated,  for  they  consume  no  appreciable 
time,  nor  do  any  injury  to  the  most  delicate  insects,  only  except- 
ing the  loss  of  legs  of  Tipulidae.  But  these  manipulations  of 
course  require  a  certain  amount  of  practice  and  judgment  in  the 
operator,  to  avoid  using  too  harsh  force  with  the  fingers  or 
breath. 

The  importance  of  this  preparatory  treatment  of  many  Diptera 
and  Hymenoptera,  and  especially  of  the  Tenthredinidae  cannot 
but  be  evident  to  all  entomologists  who  examine  the  material  of 
numerous  collectors,  or  who  make  wide  exchanges.  And  this 
fact  must  be  the  excuse  for  my  offering  these  suggestions  to  col- 
lectors, especially  as  I  have  never  seen  the  ideas  forcibly  ex- 
pressed, except  by  Dr.  H.  D.  Saussure  as  mentioned,  or  else  in 
some  scheme  for  an  elaborate  "setting"  of  these  insects,  which 
latter  plan  I  think  objectionable  for  many  reasons.  There  is 
room  also  for  suggestion  in  regard  to  drooping  more  or  less  the 
legs  of  these  insects,  and  other  little  manipulations  which  enhance 
the  value  for  study  of  specimens,  of  which  I  will  not  speak  at 
present.  But  I  hope  these  suggestions  may  be  heeded  by  col- 
lectors, for  many  would  find  that  such  a  course  would  enhance 
the  desirability  of  their  specimens,  and  would  also  greatly  im- 
prove the  tout  ensemble  of  their  collections. 

o 

NEW  LOCALITIES  FOR  HYMENOPTERA. 

By  W.  A.  NASON,  Algonquin,  111. 

I  have  to  record  the  capture  at  Algonquin,  111.,  during  the  past 
season  of  Podium  nifipes,  Sphex  {Harpactopus}  abdominalis, 
Nortonia  symmorpha. 

P.  rufipes  was  taken  on  a  board  fence  bordering  some  wood 
land.  Its  flat  body  was  noticeable  as  it  crouched  closely  clown 
to  the  edge  of  the  board  on  which  it  was  resting. 

S.  abdominalis  was  taken  on  JMehlotus  alba,  which  has  become 
an  abundant  and  troublesome  weed  in  this  section. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  247 

N.  symmorpha  was  taken  with  other  solitary  wasps  while  using 
the  beating  net. 

As  the  first  two  mentioned  are  southern  species,  the  capture 
of  them  in  this  locality,  fifty  miles  northwest  of  Chicago,  is 
thought  worthy  of  record.  The  Nortonia  is  always  rare,  and  its 
capture,  therefore,  noticeable.  I  have  taken  a  large  number  of 
species,  recorded  in  Cresson's  catalogue  as  from  Texas,  in  this 
locality,  and  think  the  fact  of  some  value  in  its  relation  to  the 
geographical  distribution  of  the  North  American  Hymenoptera. 

The  white  sweet  clover,  Melilotiis  alba,  has  become  very  trou- 
blesome since  its  introduction  in  this  section,  crowding  the  high- 
ways and  overpowering  the  Solidagos,  Asters,  and  other  prairie 
weeds.  But  the  Hymenoptera  take  kindly  to  it,  and  I  have 
found  it,  in  Summer  and  Autumn,  a  splendid  collecting  ground. 
On  it  I  have  taken  many  of  the  larger  Scolidae,  Larridae,  Pom- 
pilidae,  Sphecidae,  Vespidae,  Crabronidae,  Philanthidae,  Andrenidae 
and  Apidae  very  abundantly,  as  well  as  numbers  of  specimens  of 
all  families.  It  is  also  an  excellent  collecting  ground  for  Tach- 
inidae,  Syrphidae,  Stratiomyidae  and  other  families  of  Diptera. 
I  never  visit  a  patch  of  the  plant  in  August,  September  or  Oc- 
tober, without  finding  a  large  variety  of  desirable  species.* 


A  BOUQUET  OF  LOCAL  ODOR  FOR  THE  BREAKFAST  TABLE. — The  col- 
lection of  beetles  in  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  so-useful  in  clas- 
sifying and  determining  the  identity  of  pests  destructive  to  agriculture, 
numbers  several  specimens  of  the  Hercules,  the  largest  of  American 
beetles.  This  variety  has  grown  so  scarce  that  a  collector  in  this  city  paid 
a  good  price  for  one  to  a  youth  who  found  it  on  an  up-town  sidewalk  a 
few  days  ago.  It  was  perfectly  preserved,  and,  including  the  immense 
horn,  measured  four  inches  in  length.  A  fact  not  generally  known  about 
this  variety  is,  that  by  noting  that  the  larvae  possessed  an  odor  resembling 
that  of  Russian  leather,  and  that  they  fed  on  decayed  ash  timber,  a 
Middletown  (N.  Y. )  tanner  succeeded  in  producing  a  leather  claimed  to 
be  fully  equal  to  the  Russian  and  now  largely  used  in  the  binding  of  books. 
—  \ewspape y  Ii>it<j»iology. 

LOCUSTS  and  dragonflies,  the  latter  commonly  called  "devil's  darning 
needles,"  have  had  a  battle  in  the  air  at  Perth  Amboy,  N.  J.,  and  such  ot 
the  locusts  as  survived  have  only  felt  sew-sew  ever  since. — Newspaper. 

*  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Wm.  J.  Fox  for  the  determination  of  the  species  mentioned. 


248  [October, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  $1.2O 

g^ir  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  OCTOBER,   1894. 

THE  ASSOCIATION  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGISTS. 

THE  recent  meeting  in  Brooklyn  of  this  body  calls  up  a  number  of 
thoughts  in  relation  to  the  progress  of  entomology.  We  may  start  with 
the  times  when  a  man  is  said  to  have  been  burnt  at  the  stake  for  witch- 
craft who  had  the  faculty  of  converting  caterpillars  into  butterflies.  The 
next  period  may  be  considered  to  have  been  the  time  when  it  was  con- 
sidered an  act  of  insanity  to  collect  insects  ,  as  was  related  of  Lady  Glan- 
ville,  some  of  whose  relatives  tried  to  set  her  will  aside  on  such  grounds. 
The  time  has  only  recently  passed  when  the  collector  of  insects  was 
dubbed  bug-hunter  as  a  term  of  derision,  and  looked  upon  as  a  harmless 
kind  of  lunatic.  The  time  has  not  yet  come  wherein  the  entomologist 
has  found  his  true  place  in  the  respect  of  the  community  at  large,  but  he 
is  fully  recognized  by  the  vast  majority  of  intelligent  people,  and  his  place 
among  naturalists  fully  established.  The  meeting  above  mentioned  proves 
the  value  of  entomology  from  an  economic  standpoint  and  also  shows 
Governmental  and  State  recognition  of  the  importance  of  this  study  from 
a  pecuniary  standpoint,  and  we  are  satisfied  that  this  idea  is  one  that  must 
grow,  as  anything  that  appeals  to  man's  pocket-book  must  be  finally  es 
tablished  on  a  firm  basis.  All  this  means  that  entomology,  as  a  study,  is 
receiving  its  just  appreciation,  and  that  economic  entomology  has  a  great 
future,  and  will  undoubtedly  be  more  and  more  recognized  as  a  pursuit 
of  great  value  to  mankind.  We  did  not  have  the  pleasure  of  hearing  the 
Presidential  address  at  the  meeting,  but  economic  entomology,  historically 
considered,  is  a  subject  of  much  interest,  and  the  address  could  not  have 
failed  to  have  been  one  well  worth  hearing. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  249 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 


Meeting  of  the  Association  of  Economic  Entomologists.— The  Sixth  Annual 
Meeting  of  this  Association  was  held  at  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  14  and 
15,  1894,  and  was  an  extremely  profitable  one  to  those  who  attended. 
The  attendance  was  comparatively  small,  however,  and  only  five  States 
were  represented.  Even  the  local  collectors  were  in  small  numbers,  and 
altogether  the  attendance  did  not  exceed  twenty-five. 

Mr.  L.  O.  Howard  presided,  and  opened  the  meeting  by  reading  his 
Presidential  address  on  "The  Rise  and  Present  Status  of  Official  Economic 
Entomology."  The  paper  was  historical  in  character  and  traced  the  rise 
of  Official  Entomology  from  Mosaic  times,  finding  also  several  scriptural 
descriptions  of  insect  injury.  Special  attention  was  given  to  the  develop- 
ment of  the  economic  side  of  the  science  in  our  own  country,  and  the 
peculiar  conditions  favoring  this  development  were  recorded.  In  some 
of  the  older  European  countries  information  concerning  insects  is  so  wide- 
spread and  so  general  that  no  special  officer  is  needed.  However,  in  almost 
all  parts  of  the  world  special  investigations  are  now  making  and  every- 
where governments  are  appreciating  the  importance  of  such  work.  Up  to 
the  present  time  America  is  in  advance  in  economic  entomology,  but  it  will 
require  hard  work,  in  the  opinion  of  the  reader,  to  maintain  that  position 
in  the  future. 

The  first  paper  of  the  session  was  read  by  John  B.  Smith,  on  "Some 
Experiments  with  Carbon  bisulphide  as  an  Insecticide."  Mr.  Smith  re- 
counted a  series  of  experiments  made  to  destroy  melon  lice,  covering  the 
hills  with  bowls  and  evaporating  one  dram  of  the  bisulphide  in  a  graduate 
or  shallow  dish.  In  all  cases  all  living  insects  on  the  hills  treated  were 
destroyed,  without  injury,  except  where  the  material  was  poured  on  the 
ground  close  to  the  plant.  He  thinks  this  method  of  protecting  melon 
fields  practical,  because  the  lice  do  not  appear  all  over  the  fields  at  one 
time,  but  infest  isolated  hills  or  little  groups  of  hills  and  spreads  from 
these  points.  Destroying  these  centres  of  infection  early  in  the  season 
would  mean  practical  exemption  later  on. 

Mr.  Southwick  spoke  of  using  bisulphide  emulsified  with  "polyzol"  as 
a  wash  for  trees  to  kill  plant-lice.  Mr.  Saunders  suggested  the  use  of 
"protection  cloth"  to  cover  the  hills  to  be  treated  or  of  paper  plant- 
covers,  sold  by  seedsmen.  Mr.  Galloway  explained  an  observed  effect 
of  the  bisulphide  in  causing  water  globules  to  appear  on  the  leaves  as  due 
to  the  rapid  lowering  of  temperature  caused  by  the  bisulphide. 

A  paper  on  "Spraying  without  a  Pump"  was  presented  from  Mr.  J.  M. 
Aldrich,  and  suggested  that  where  water  pressure  is  available  a  nozzle 
could  be  used  into  which  a  small  jet  of  the  insecticide  could  be  led  to  be 
carried  out  and  mixed  in  the  spray  caused  by  the  water  pressure. 


250  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

"Notes  on  Insecticides"  were  presented  by  Mr.  C.  L.  Marlatt.  He  spoke 
of  a  large  number  of  experiments  with  various  insecticides  noting  their  effect. 
From  his  experience  it  seems  that  the  kerosene  emulsion  may  be  used  at 
a  much  greater  strength  than  usually  recommended.  Mechanical  mixtures 
of  kerosene  and  water  he  had  not  found  reliable,  the  two  liquids  not  mixing 
continuously  in  the  same  proportions,  making  it  impossible  to  apply  them 
at  a  definite  ratio.  Arsenate  of  lead  he  considers  meritorious,  and  the 
most  promising  of  new  insecticides. 

Mr.  B.  T.  Galloway  followed  on  "Some  new  Insecticides  and  their  combi- 
nation with  Fungicides."  This  paper  dealt  largely  with  mixtures  of  kero- 
sene and  emulsions,  which,  it  is  found,  are  easily  made  with  lime.  The 
ordinary  emulsion  with  soap  may  be  diluted  with  the  Bordeaux  mixture 
instead  of  with  water.  A  variety  of  resin  washes  were  described  and 
combinations  with  kerosene  were  shown.  It  appears  that  our  battery  of 
insecticides  is  far  from  being  exhausted,  and  that  we  have  yet  an  enormous 
field  for  experimentation.  No  single  mixture  or  wash  was  specifically 
recommended,  but  the  subject  was  presented  suggestively  rather  than 
otherwise.  Considerable  discussion  ensued  and  many  questions  were 
asked  concerning  the  effects  of  the  mixtures  on  plants  and  insects. 

A  paper  from  Mr.  F.  M.  Webster  was  on  "  Spraying  with  Arsenites  vs. 
Bees,"  in  which  he  relates  the  results  of  some  experiments  which  seem  to 
prove  that  bees  and  their  brood  may  be  killed  by  feeding  in  sprayed 
blossoms.  This  is  the  first  piece  of  real  evidence  in  the  case,  but  is  yet 
far  from  conclusive.  The  paper,  when  published,  will  be  worthy  of  close 
analysis. 

Mr.  E.  B.  South  wick  gave  a  description  of  the  "  Economic  Entomo- 
logical work  in  the  parks  of  New  York  City."  He  gave  in  some  detail 
the  chief  troubles  of  the  entomologists  and  described  the  means  used  to 
lesson  or  destroy  the  insects.  A  feature  of  the  work  is  the  very  large  part 
played  by  manual  labor — i.  e.,  the  collecting  and  destroying  as  against 
spraying  or  the  use  of  poisons.  Another  interesting  item  was  the  use  of 
a  forcible  jet  of  clear  water  to  break  up  colonies  of  plant-lice  before  using 
insecticides.  This  was  favorably  commented  on  by  Mr.  Howard. 

Later  on  Mr.  South  wick  also  presented  a  note  on  "  The  Wood  Leopard 
Moth  in  the  parks  of  New  York  City."  This  is  Zeuzera pyrina,  and  it  is 
the  most  difficult  of  all  pests  to  deal  with.  It  is  beyond  reach  of  poisons 
and  only  cutting  and  burning  infested  wood,  or  searching  for  and  destroy- 
ing larvae  in  valuable  trees  seems  to  be  effective.  This  seems  to  have 
lessened  the  ^numbers  somewhat.  Electric  lights  to  attract  the  moths  are 
a  desideratum  and  may  be  obtained  in  the  future.  The  larva  seems  to 
be  migratory  to  some  extent  and  often,  in  confinement,  leaves  one  twig 
or  branch  for  another. 

Mr.  Smith  remarked  that  this  latter  character  was  shared  by  other  Cossid 
larvae,  one  of  those  boring  in  oak  having  been  observed  by  him. 

Mr.  A.  D.  Hopkins  gave  "  Notes  on  some  discoveries  and  observations 
of  the  year  in  West  Virginia."  A  very  large  number  of  insects  were  men 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  251 

tioned  and  interesting  observations  noted.  Corthylus  coluinbianus 
working  in  Poplar,  so  far  from  being  injurious,  may  be  considered  rather 
an  advantage,  since  it?  gives  rise  to  discolorations  which  add  materially  to 
the  appearance  of  the  wood.  Some  extremely  striking  and  handsome 
examples  were  exhibited.  Woodpeckers  working  in  the  bark  of  certain 
trees,  reaching  the  Cambium  layer  but  not  injuring  the  wood,  causes  a 
deformation  in  the  grain  which  is  known  as  "curly,"  or  "bird's-eye,"  and 
is  sought  for  and  valued.  It  has  been  found,  that  in  West  Virginia,  scab 
in  potatoes  is  often  due  to  a  small  Sciarid,  the  male  of  which  is  wingless, 
and  which  sometimes  destroys  the  entire  tuber.  No  pretence  is  made  that 
.  this  is  the  source  of  all  scab.  Agrilus  bilineatits  attacks  chestnut,  and 
occasionally  causes  serious  injury.  Phymatodes  variabilis  attacks  and 
seriously  injures  tan  bank.  A  species  of  Aphidius  was  mentioned  which, 
in  the  green-house,  effectually  rid  the  lettuce  plants  of  plant-lice,  and  it 
was  recommended  to  protect  the  creatures  wherever  they  occurred.  An 
attack  of  melon  lice  was  noted  where  the  Coccinellidae  were  in  great  force 
attacking  them. 

.Mr.  Smith  did  not  believe  in  the  usefulness  of  parasites,  as  a  general 
rule,  and  contended  that  they  usually  appear  in  force  only  after  the  damage 
is  done.  In  the  green-house,  however,  the  circumstances  may  be  suffi- 
ciently changed  to  make  them  more  effective.  He  has  seen  hordes  of 
Coccinellidae  and  their  larvae  devouring  melon  lice  in  an  infested  field  ; 
but  they  were  at  work  on  the  rear  guard,  and  the  plants  were  killed  before 
the  beetles  mastered  the  lice.  Phymatodes  variabilis  in  New  Jersey  was 
one  of  the  "bark-slippers"  as  the  woodmen  term  them.  They  work 
under  bark  of  cord-wood  cut  and  piled,  and  in  such  numbers  that  after  a 
year  or  two  the  entire  bark  is  loosened  and  slips  off  readily. 

A  paper  from  Mr.  F.  H.  Snow  was  read,  on  "  Work  in  Economic  Ento- 
mology at  the  University  of  Kansas  for  the  season  of  1894."  It  was  largely 
a  record  of  a  very  interesting  experiment  in  clearing  a  corn-field  of  Chinch- 
bugs,  in  which  the  details  of  the  applications  are  fully  given  and  the  daily 
difference  in  appearance  was  noted.  The  experiment  proved  completely 
successful,  and  is  the  most  fully  recorded  of  any  hitherto  made  on  this 
subject. 

.Mr.  L.  O.  Howard  spoke  on  "Eastern  occurrence  of  the  San  Jose  Scale," 
giving  a  record  of  the  facts  as  they  were  brought  to  the  attention  of  the 
U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  and  the  measures  taken  to  exterminate 
the  pest.  It  has  appeared  in  Florida  over  a  large  extent  of  territory  and 
probably  introduced  direct;  in  Virginia,  North  Carolina,  Maryland,  Penn- 
sylvania, Indiana  and  New  Jersey  in  most  instances  introduced  from  New 
Jersey  nurseries.  In  all  cases  active  measures  are  under  way  and  resin 
washes,  kerosene  emulsion  and  even  whale  oil  soap  have  been  found  suc- 
cessful when  thoroughly  applied. 

Mr.  John  B.  Smith  followed  on  "the  San  Jose  Scale  in  New  Jersey," 
giving  a  history  of  its  introduction  into  the  State  and  the  spread  and  dis- 
tribution within  it.  A  considerable  number  of  infested  orchards  have  been 


252  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

found  south  of  the  red  shale,  and  in  all  cases  active  measures  are  being 
taken  to  stamp  out  the  pest.  He  has  no  doubt  that  these  measures  will 
be  successful.  He  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  California  pears  in  the 
city  markets  were  infested  by  the  Scale  and  exhibited  six  pears  just  pur- 
chased which  contained  male  and  female  Scales  in  all  stages  of  growth 
and  some  of  them  had  living  larvae  crawling  over  them.  This,  he  claims, 
constitutes  a  distinct  source  of  danger. 

Mr.  G.  C.  Davis  presented  "A  few  notes  on  Mealy  Bugs  and  allies." 
The  life-history  of  some  of  our  well  known  forms  was  detailed  at  some 
length,  and  a  new  species  was  characterized,  the  points  of  difference  be- 
tween all  our  forms  being  pointed  out  and  some  of  them  illustrated. 

A  second  paper,  read  by  Mr.  Davis,  was  on  "  Clover  Insects,"  among 
which  he  recorded  the  appearance  of  the  Clover-leaf  beetle,  Phytonomous 
punctatus  in  Michigan,  and  also  the  appearance  of  the  fungous  disease 
which  swept  them  off  before  the  larvae  reached  maturity. 

Mr.  Marlatt  described  an  occurence  of  "  The  Pear-tree  Psylla  in  Mary- 
land." The  insect  was  introduced  on  nursery  stock  from  New  York  and 
multiplied  rapidly,  at  the  present  time  infesting  a  large  part  of  one  of  the 
largest  pear  orchards  of  Maryland.  The  history  of  the  species  was  detailed 
so  fas  as  observed,  and  its  egg-laying  habits  described,  as  was  the  inj un- 
caused. The  appearance  of  Chrysopa  in  the  egg  and  larva  state  was  ob- 
served, the  latter  preying  upon  the  Psyllids.  Kerosene  emulison  proved 
a  successful  remedy  even  against  larvae  covered  by  honey  dew  ;  but  the 
application,  it  is  reccommended  should  be  made  soon  after  the  plants  leaf 
out.  Winter  washes  are  also  advised. 

Mr.  Smith  presented  some  "Notes  of  the  Year  "  from  New  Jersey. 
The  pear  midge  is  steadily  spreading  in  the  State,  and  a  new  pest,  the 
l.irva  of  an  Agri/us,  has  made  its  appearance  in  Essex  Co.,  and  is  killing- 
many  trees.  Cut-worms  have  been  extremely  abundant  in  some  localities 
and  have  been  successfully  fought  by  placing  at  the  base  of  the  plants 
poisoned  bran,  which  was  devoured  by  the  larvae  in  preference  to  the 
growing  crop.  The  distribution  of  an  injury  caused  by  the  Periodical  Cicida 
was  described  and  a  map  of  the  country  covered  was  exhibited.  Melon 
lice  were  abundant  and  injurious,  the  absence  of  a  cold  storm  late  in  June 
or  early  in  July  giving  them  the  opportunity  to  develop.  Sweet  potato 
growers  are  using  chickens  very  largely  to  keep  their  vines  clear  of  Cas- 
sidae.  The  onion  maggot  again  made  its  appearance  in  Cumberland 
County  and  was  again  checked  by  using  Kainit  and  Nitrate  of  Soda.  The 
potato-stalk  borer,  Trichobaris  frinofatus,  appeared  in  great  numbers  in 
certain  localities,  ninety  per  cent,  of  the  vines  being  infested  in  some  fields. 

A  paper  from  Mr.  F.  H.  Chittenden,  entitled  "  Late  Notes  on  the  Straw- 
berry Weevil"  was  presented  and  contained  a  number  of  new  observations 
and  the  results  of  a  number  of  insecticide  experiments.  The  insects  were 
altogether  less  abundant  than  in  1893  and  Paris  green  proved  unexpect- 
edly effective  in  preventing  injury. 

A  number  of  other  papers  were  read  by  title  only  and  referred  to  a  com- 
mittee to  consider  their  place  in  the  printed  minutes. 


1894-]  .    ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  253 

• 

Notes  and  Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF  THE  GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfei- 
ence,  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy1'  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


PICTURES  for  the  album  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  have 
been  received  from  D.  S.  Kellicott,  J.  B.  Lembert  and  W.  R.  Reinicke. 

WAS  IT  A  LIGHTNING  BUG  ? — It  is  reported  from  the  Creek  neighbor- 
hood that  Miss  Maggie  Steel,  while  sewing  one  day  last  week,  undertook 
to  knock  a  small  bug  from  the  garment  on  which  she  was  sewing  when  it 
caught  on  the  end  of  her  finger  and  burrowed  into  it,  reaching  almost  the 
second  joint  before  she  succeeded  in  stopping  it,  which  she  did  by  press- 
ing the  needle  against  the  finger  and  pushing  the  little  insect  backward. 
It  made  its  way  under  the  skin  of  the  finger  just  as  a  mole  goes  under 
the  surface  of  the  ground,  and  she  describes  the  sensation  as  very  painful. 
No  one  knew  what  the  insect  was,  and  it  seems  to  have  been  the  first  of 
its  kind. — Lancaster  Ledger,  S.  C. 

THE  FORMATION  OF  NEW  GENERA  in  the  animal  kingdom  does  not  at 
all  require  long  periods.  It  can  rather  occur  quite  suddenly,  from  one 
generation  to  the  other,  as  in  an  instance  observed  and  communicated  by 
the  naturalist,  Moritz  Wagner. 

In  the  year  1870  a  Swiss  collector  brought  a  number  of  pup:e  of  the 
Texan  butterfly,  Satitrnia  Inna  (having  the  name  from  the  lunulate  spots 
on  the  four  wings)  to  Switzerland.  The  butterflies  which,  in  May,  1871, 
emerged  from  the  cocoons  which  had  remained  during  the  Winter  in 
Switzerland,  were  of  the  true  Texan  form.  Some  of  these  imagoes  de- 
posited several  hundred  of  fecundated  eggs. 

The  little  larvae  appeared  a  few  weeks  later,  and  were  already  at  their 
first  shedding  the  skin  of  a  much  yellower  color  than  those  in  Texas. 
They  were  fed  in  the  house  with  leaves  of  an  European  plant  belonging 
to  the  Texan  species,  and  ate  voraciously,  pupated  end  of  June,  and  the 
imagoes  emerged  in  the  first  half  of  August.  These  imagoes  were  vi-ry 
different  from  the  Texan  form,  not  alone  in  color,  but  also  in  form  and 
markings  so  much,  that  they  would  have  been  considered  as  an  entirely 
different  species  if  their  pedigree  had  not  been  known.  All  the  thirty- five 

8* 


254  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

• 

imagoes  differed  in  their  form  and  markings  from  the  original  forms.  A 
trial  to  raise  a  third  generation  was  without  success;  the  larvae  contracted 
a  disease  and  died.  Other  food  and  the  change  of  climate  had  certainly 
caused  those  distinct  new  forms. — AUGUST  MERKEL,  New  York. 

How  FAR  DO  THE  BEES  FLY  ? — Many  authors  have  attempted  to  answer 
this  question,  but  none  have  succeeded.  Theoretically,  the  solution  has 
been  attempted  by  counting  the  number  of  wing  beats  per  second,  and 
from  that  to  guess  the  distance  the  bees  fly  from  their  hives.  The  results 
have  differed  widely,  varying  from  two  to  twelve  English  miles.  Accord- 
ing to  Prof.  Marcy's  "graphic  method,"  the  bees  make  one  hundred  and 
ninety  wing  beats  per  second.  His  method  consists  in  fastening  a  bee  in 
such  a  way  that  its  wings  are  free  to  move,  one  of  them  touching  lightly  a 
rotating  cylinder  covered  with  a  smooth  and  lightly  blackened  paper.  Prof. 
Landois,  who  has  studied  the  sound  apparatus  of  many  animals,  thinks, 
from  the  pitch  of  the  sounds  made  by  the  vibrating  wings,  that  they  move 
to  and  fro  at  the  rate  of  four  hundred  vibrations  per  second — more  than 
double  Marcy's  results.  According  to  Prof.  Marcy's  figures,  one  hundred 
and  ninety  wing  beats  per  second  would  bring  the  bee  over  a  distance  of 
one  English  mile  per  minute.  If  Prof.  Landois  is  right,  the  distance 
would  be  two  miles.  According  to  these  estimates  it  would  not  be  far 
from  the  truth  to  say  that  bees  fly  about  thirty  English  miles  an  hour,  or 
that,  during  an  absence  of  twenty  minutes  from  the  hive,  they  fly  about 
ten  to  twelve  miles.  Most  observers,  however,  are  inclined  to  think  that 
the  bees  do  not  fly  more  than  eighteen  to  twenty  miles  an  hour,  because 
the  wing  beats  of  a  bee  in  freedom  and  under  the  observer's  instrument 
are  not  the  same.  Every  one  has  observed  the  comparatively  slow  flight 
of  the  bee,  when  returning  home,  loaded  with  honey  and  pollen.  Prac- 
tical examination  shows  that  experiments  of  this  kind  are  not  entirely 
reliable.  Better  results  are  obtained  by  observing  bees  in  districts  where 
bees  never  before  were  found,  or  by  introducing  yellow  bees  where  only 
gray  or  brown  ones  are  known,  or  vice  versa.  In  such  cases  it  has  been 
seen  that  the  bees  never  went  more  than  four  to  five  English  miles  away 
at  the  utmost.  The  usual  distance  was  two  miles.  One  instance  is  known 
where  a  bee  keeper  on  an  island  seven  miles  from  the  coast  of  Texas 
found  that  his  bees  went  to  the  mainland  for  honey  and  pollen.  A  prac- 
tical bee  keeper  does  not  expect  any  great  results  from  flower  fields  three 
miles  away.  They  should  be  no  more  than  two  miles  away  in  a  straight 
line.  — Folkebladet. 

THE  ASSOCIATION  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGISTS. — The  Sixth  Annual 
Meeting  of  the  Association  of  Economic  Entomologists  was  held  in  room 
12  of  the  Packer  Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  14  and  15,  1894.  The 
following  officers  and  members  were  present:  President,  L.  O.  Howard, 
Washington,  D.  C. ;  Vice-President,  J.  B.  Smith,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.; 
Acting  Secretary,  C.  L.  Marlatt,  Washington,  D.  C.  Messrs.  William  H. 
Ashmcad,  Washington,  D.  C.;  Geo.  F.  Atkinson,  Ithaca,  N.  Y.;  Nathan 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  255 

Banks,  Sea  Cliff,  N.  Y.;  D.  W.  Coquillett,  Washington,  D.  C.;  Geo.  C. 
Davis,  Agricultural  College,  Michigan;  A.  D.  Hopkins,  Morgantown,  W. 
Va.;  Geo.  H.  Hudson,  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.;  J.  A.  Lintner,  Albany,  N.  Y.; 
V.  H.  Lowe,  Jamaica,  N.  Y. ;  F.  W.  Raine,  Morgantown,  W.  Va. ;  William 
Saunders,  Ottawa,  Canada;  E.  B.  Southwick,  Central  Park,  New  York 
City;  F.  A.  Sirrine,  Jamaica,  N.  Y.  There  were  also  in  attendance  upon 
the  meetings  visitors  and  members  of  other  scientific  societies,  the  average 
attendance  being  twenty-five  persons. 

The  following  active  members  were  elected:  F.  C.  Test,  C.  E.  Cham- 
bliss  and  H.  G.  Hubbard,  all  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.;  Victor  H.  Lowe  and  F.  A.  Sirrine,  of  Jamaica,  N.  Y.;  and 
F.  W.  Raine,  of  Morgantown,  W.  Va. 

The  following  persons  were  elected  to  foreign  membership:  Walter  W. 
Froggatt,  Technological  Museum,  Sydney,  N.  S.  W.;  Charles  Whitehead, 
Barming  House,  Maidstone,  Kent,  England;  Geo.  H.  Carpenter,  Science 
and  Art  Museum,  Dublin,  Ireland;  Dr.  Geza  Horvath,  Ministry  of  Agri- 
culture, Buda  Pesth,  Austria  ;  Prof.  A.  Targioni-Tozzetti,  R.  Staz.  d. 
Entom.  Agric.,  Firenze,  Italy;  Prof.  A.  Giard,  14  Rue  Stanislas,  Paris, 
France;  M.  J.  Danysz,  Laboratoire  de  Parasitologie,  Bourse  de  Commerce, 
Paris,  France;  Dr.  J.  Ritzema  Bos,  Wageningen,  Netherlands;  Mr.  Sven 
Lampa,  Entomologist,  Dept.  Agric.,  Stockholm,  Sweden;  Dr.  N.  Cholod- 
kowsky,  Institute  Forestier,  St.  Petersburg,  Russia;  Dr.  K.  Lindemann, 
Landwirthschaftliche  Akademie,  Moscow,  Russia;  Prof.  A.  Portschinsky, 
Bur.  Entom.,  Ministere  de  PAgriculture,  St.  Petersburg,  Russia;  Mr.  E. 
C.  Reed,  Banos  de  los  Cauquenos,  Chile. 

The  following  officers  were  elected  for  the  ensuing  year:  President,  J. 
B.  Smith,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J.;  Vice-President,  C.  H.  Fernald,  Am- 
herst,  Mass.;  Secretary,  C.  L.  Marlett,  Department  of  Agriculture,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.— C.  L.  MARLATT,  Acting-  Secretary. 


Identification  of  Insects  dmagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions:  ist,  The  number  ol  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending ;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 


i.  VERHANDLUNGEN  DES  NATURFORSCHENDEN  YKREJNKS  IN  BRVNN 
vol.  xxxi.  Synoptic  table  of  the  Leucanido;  and  Coprophagous  Lamelli- 
corns  of  the  Palearctic  Region,  Edmund  Reitter;  pt.  5. 


256  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [October, 

2.  THE  AMERICAN  JOURNAL  OF  SCIENCE.     New  Haven,  Conn.,  Au- 
gust, 1894. — Development  of  the  lungs  of  spiders,  O.  L.  Simmons  (also 
published  in  Tuft's  College  Studies  No.  ii,  and  in  Ann.  Mag.  N.  H.  Sep- 
tember, 1894). — September,  1894.     Effect  of  glaciation  and  of  the  glacial 
period  on  the  present  fauna  of  North  America,  S.  H.  Scudder. 

3.  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST,  August,  1894. — Canadian  Hymenoptera, 
No.  5,  W.  Hague  Harrington.     An  omitted  Phycitid,  A.  R.  Grote.     De- 
scription of  a  new  species  of  Dorycephalus  (D.  platyrhynchus),  Herbert 
Osborn.     Some  Indiana  Acridid£e. — iii,  \V.  S.  Blatchley.     A  leaf-tissue 
gall  on  the  Mountain  Cottonwood,  C.  H.  Tyler  Townsend.     On  some 
North  American  species  of  Chionobas,  Dr.  Herman  Strecker.     Notes  on 
some  of  the  Noctuae  in  the  British  Museum  Collection,  J.  W.  Tutt.     Co- 
leoptera  of  Canada,  H.  F.  Wickham.     New  Cynipidae,  C.   P.  Gillette. 
Lif/iophane  oriimda,  T.  E.  Bean.     Is  Coenonympha  typhon  synonymous 
with  C.  inornatat  F.  I.  Buckell.     Glass  tubes  as  incubators,  J.   B.   Lem- 
bert.     Assembling  of  Attacus promethea,  J.  Alston  Moffat. — September, 
1894.     Some  Indiana  Acridida; — iii,  W.  S.  Blatchley.     Canadian  Hymen- 
optera, No.  6,  W.  H.  Harrington.     Coleoptera  taken  at  Lake  Worth, 
Florida,  J.  Hamilton,  M.D.     Life-history  of  Papilio  zolicaon,  A.  M.  Jor- 
dan.    The  Coleoptera  of  Canada,  H.  F.  Wickham,  figs. 

4.  ANALES  DEL  MUSEO  NACIONAL  DE  MONTEVIDEO  i,  pp.  13-27. — De- 
scriptions of  some  Hemiptera-Heteroptera,  new  or  little  known,  C.  Berg. 

5.  BRITISH  NATURALIST,  new  series,  No.  7.     London,  July  15,  1894.— 
Distinctions  of  insects,  C.  W.  Dale. — No.  8,  Aug.  15,  1894.    The  Hessian 
fly  in  South  Devon,  F.  V.  Theobald. 

6.  OTTAWA  NATURALIST. — Report  of  the  entomological  branch   1893, 
and  entomological  notes,  W.  H.  H. 

7.  BERICHT  DES  NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHEN  VEREINS  FUR  SCHWA- 
BEN  UND  NEUBURG,  No.  31. — The  Dragonflies  or  Odonata  occurring  in 
the  Province  of  Schwaben  and  Neuburg,  A.  Wiedemann. 

S.  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY,  vol.  xiv,  No.  80. 
London,  August,  1894. — Descriptions  of  new  species  of  Rhopalocera 
from  Mexico  and  Central  America,  F.  D.  Godman  and  O.  Salvin.  A  visit 
to  Damma  Island,  East  Indian  Archipelago,  James  Walker.  Notes  on  a 
small  collection  of  Odonata,  etc.,  from  Upper  Burma,  ....  W.  F.  Kirby. 
Descriptions  of  [some  new  Coleoptera  from  Costa  Rica,  C.  J.  Gahan. 
Notes  on  the  Thelyphonidae  contained  in  the  collection  of  the  British 
Museum,  R.  I.  Pocock.  New  species  of  Geometers  and  Pyrales  from 
the  Khasia  Hills,  C.  Swinhoe.  Vestigial  stigmata  in  the  Arachnida,  H. 
M.  Bernard. — No.  Si,  September,  1894.  New  species  of  Histeridaj,  G. 
Lewis.  Description  of  a  new  species  of  Dragonfly  (Dythemis  broadwayi) 
from  Trinidad,  W.  F.  Kirby. 

9.  POPULAR  SCIENCE  MONTHLY,  September,  1894. — Parasitic  and  pre- 
daceous  insects,  C.  V.  Riley. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  257 

10.    MlTTHEILUNGEN  DBS  NATURWISSENSCHAFTLICHEN  VEREINES  FUR 

STEIERMARK,  1893.     The  Diptera  of  Steiermark — ii,  P.  G.  Strobl. 

ir.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ACADEMY  OF  ARTS  AND  SCI- 
ENCES, vol.  xxx,  pp.  17-113. — The  North  American  Ceuthophili,  Samuel 
H.  Scudder.     Vol.  xxix.  Biographical  notice  of  Hermann  August  Hagen 
with  portrait),  S.  Henshaw. 

12.  MlTTHEILUNGEN  AUS  DEM  NATURHISTORISCHEN  MUSEUM  IN  HAM- 
BURG, Jhg.  xi. — Revision  of  the  scorpions,  ii.  Scorpionidae  and  Bothriu- 
ridae,  Dr.  Kraepelin. 

13.  VICTORIAN  NATURALIST,  xi,  3.— A  catalogue  of  Victorian  Heter- 
ocera,  O.  B.  Lower. 

14.  THE  JOURNAL  OF  THE  LINNEAN  SOCIETY,  xxiv.    London,  No.  155, 
Aug.  26,  1893. — Contributions  to  our  knowledge  of  the  Arthropod  fauna 
of  the  West  Indies— Part  I.  Scorpiones  and  Pedipalpi,  R.  I.  Pocock,  2  pis. 
(continued  in  Nos.  156,  Chilopoda,  and  157,  Diplopoda  and  Malacopoda, 
4  pis.)— No.  156,  Nov.  23,  1893.     Notes  on  the  Chernetidse,  with  special 
reference  to  the  vestigial  stigmata  and  to  a  new  form  of  trachea,  H.  M. 
Bernard,  2  pis.     No.  157,  July  10,  1894  (see  above). 

15.  ZEITSCHRIFTFUR\VISSENSCHAFTLICHE  ZOOLOGIE,  Iviii,  2.    Leipsic, 
Aug.  7,  1894. — On  spermatogenesis  in  the  silk  worm,  E.  Verson,  i  pi. 

16.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.     London,  Aug.  15,  1894. — Notes 
on  the  variation  of  Spilosoma  mendica,  with  some  thoughts  on  the  ances- 
tral type  of  the  genus,  J.  W.  Tutt. 

17.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.      London,  August, 
1894.  — On  mimicry  in  Diptera,  C.  J.  Wainwright.     Observations  on  Coc- 
cidc-e — No.  8,  R.  Newstead. — September,  1894.    Additions  and  corrections 
to  the  list  of  British  Aculeate  Hymenoptera,  E.  Saunders.    A  comparison 
of  moth-grease  solvents,   H.   G.   Knaggs.      Observations  on  the  New 
Zealand  glow-worm,  Bolitophila  liuninosa,  A.  Norris.     Observations  on 
Coccidse,  No.  9,  R.  Newstead. 

18.  ANALES  DKL  MUSEO  NACIOXAL  DE  MONTEVIDEO,  i,  pp.  13-27,  1894. 
—Descriptions  of  some  new  and  little-known  Hemiptera-Heteroptera, 
Dr.  C.  Berg. 


19.  BIOLOGIA  CENTRALI-AMERICANA.     Pt.  cxvii.     London,  July,  1894. 
— Arachnida-Araneidea,  pp.   137-144,  pi.  xv,  O.  P.  Cambridge.     Coleop- 
tera.  vol.  vi,  pt.  2,  pp.  i-x,  237-249,  pis.  x-xiii,  G.  C.  Champion;  vol.  vii, 
pp.  193-208,  H.  S.  Gorham.     Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera,  vol.  ii,  pp.  353- 
360,  F.  D.  Godman  and  O.   Salvin.      Rhynchota  Homoptera,  vol.  ii,  pp. 
1-24,  pi.  i,  \Y.  VY.  Fowler.    Orthoptera  pp.  193-200,  pi.  x,  H.  deSaussure 
ami  L.  Zehnter. 

20.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  August.  is<4. — Notes  on  the  syn- 
onymy of  Xortuid  moths  (cont.),  A.  G.  I'.uiK-r. — September,  1894.     Ab- 


258  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [October, 

normal  example  of  Zyg&na  trifolii,  R.  South,  fig.  Life-history  of  Vanessa 
c-album,  F.  W.  Frohawk.  A  catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  Ireland 
(cont),  W.  F.  de  V.  Kane.  Notes  on  the  synonymy  of  Noctuid  moths 
(cent.),  A.  G.  Butler.  On  the  Lepidopterous  genus  //^^r^rw  of  Grote,  id. 


21.  MISCELLANEA  ZOOLOGICA,  ii,  3.     Cette,  Herault,  France,  March  i, 
1894.  —  Descriptions  of  two  Anthiciis  from  North  America,  M.  Pic. 

22.  NOTC  IMENOTTEROLOGICHE.    Nota  ii.    Nuovi  generi  e  nueve  specie 
di  Imenotteri  Antofili,  G.  Gribodo.     Extr.  Bull.  Soc.  Ent.  Ital.  xxv-xxvi. 

1893-94. 

23.  LE  NATURALISTE.     Paris,  Aug.  15,  1894.  —  Note  on  some.nexv  or 
little-known  species  of  Asiatic  Parnassines,   L.   Austaut  (continued   in 
number  for  September  ist). 

24.  COMPTE    PvENDU.    L'ACADEMIE    DES    SCIENCES.        Paris,    Aug.     13, 

1894.  —  On  the  heart  of  some  Orthoptera,  A.  Kowalevski.  —  August  20.    On 
the  extraction  of  the  free  acids  from  beeswax,  T.  Marie. 

25.  THE  JOURNAL  OF  PHYSIOLOGY,  xvii,  i  and  2.     London,  Aug.  13, 
1894.  —  Changes  in  ganglion  cells  from  birth  to  senile  death.    Observations 
on  man  and  honey  bee,  C.  F.  Hodge,  i  pi. 

26.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  ZOOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LONDON,  1894,  pt.  ii, 
Aug.  r,  1894  —  On  the  Hemiptera-Homoptera  of  the  island  of  Grenada, 
West  Indies,  P.  R.'  Uhler.     On  new  species  of  Heterocera  from  tropical 
America,  W.  Schaus. 

27.  REVUE  SCIENTIFIQUE.     Paris,  Aug.  18,  1894.  —  An  invasion  of  Le- 
pidoptera, L.  Girod-Genet. 

28.  LE  NATURALISTE  CANADIEN.     Chicoutimi,  Quebec,  August,  1894. 
—Course  of  popular  entomolog3r,  G.  Beaulieu,  figs. 

29.  SCIENCE  GOSSIP.     London,  September,  1894.  —  Larvae-nymphs  of 
some  British  Dragonrlies  (cont.),  W.  H.  Nunney,  figs. 

30.  BIOLOGISCHES  CENTRALBLATT.     Leipsic,  Aug.  15,  1894,  —  On  the 
morphology  and  embryology  of  a  Tardigrade  (Macrobiotus  macron  \ 

R.  v.  Erlanger. 

31.  ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEiGER.     Leipsic,  Aug.  27,  1894.  —  On  the  ques- 
tion of  the  first  stages  of  spermatogenesis  in  insects,  Dr.  N.  Cholodkovsky. 

^2    PROCEEDINGS  AND  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  ROYAL  SOCIETY  OF 

\J 

CANADA  for  1893,  xi.     Ottawa,   1894.  —  Canadian  Uroceridse,  \V.  Hague 
Harrington. 

33.  REVUE  GENERALE  DES  SCIENCES.  Paris,  Aug.  30,  1894.  —  Parasitic- 
castration  and  its  biological  consequences  in  animals  and  plants,  C.  Julin, 
figs. 


1 8Q4-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  259 

34.  REVUE  DES  SCIENCES  NATURELLES  APPLIQUEES.     Paris,  Sept.  5. 
1894. — White  worms,  G.  Rogeron. 

35.  THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.    Philadelphia,  September,  1894.— On 
the  larvae  and  pupae  of  Hololepta  and  Pyrochroa,  H.  F.  Wickham,  i  pi. 

36.  ESTUDIOS  SOBRE  LAS  HORMIGAS  DE  COSTA  RICA  por  Carlos  Emery. 
Tipografia  Nacional.     San  Jose,  1894  (Ministerio  de  Fomento).     (Anales 
del  Museo  Nacional  1888-1889,  pp.  45-67,  2  Pls-) 

37.  THE  GARDENERS'  CHRONICLE.     London,  Sept.  8,  1894.— The  cur- 
rant bud-mite,  R.  Newstead. 

38.  PSYCHE.     Cambridge,  Mass.,  June-September,    1894.      Published 
May  31,  1894.     [Accidentally  omitted  from  the  September  NEWS.]— On 
the  pigeon  mite,  Hypodectesfilippi,  H.  B.  Ward.    Notes  on  some  Meloids, 
or  blister  beetles,  of  New  Mexico  and  Arizona,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.     A 
preliminary  list  of  the  Acrididce  of  New  England,  A.  P.  Morse.    New  and 
undescribed  genera  of  West  African  Noctuidte— v,  W.  J.  Holland,  3  pis. 
A  preliminary  list  of  the  butterflies  of  northeastern  Mississippi,  H.  E. 
Weed.      Notes  on  the  rearing  of  Plalysamia  cecropia,  K.  W.  Huston. 
Bibliographical  notes— vi  (Hemiptera-Heteroptera  of  Biol.  Cent.-Amer.), 
S.  Henshaw.     Notes  on  Bombycid  larvae,  H.  G.  Dyar. 

Readers  of  the  NEWS,  as  well  as  the  associate  editor,  are  indebted  to 
Dr.  Skinner  and  Mr.  W.  J.  Fox  for  digesting  the  entomological  literature 
arriving  during  my  absence  from  Philadelphia  in  July  and  August.— P.  P.  C. 


INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  :i  denotes  ne%v 
North  American  forms. 

THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Scudder  2,  Lembert  3,  Dale  5,  Walker  8,  Riley  9,  Henshaw  n,  Beau- 
lieu  28,  Cholodkovsky  31,  Julin  33. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Simmons  2,  Pocock  8*,  Bernard  8,  Kraepelin  12,  Pocock  14*,  Bernard 
14,  Cambridge  19*,  v.  Erlanger  30,  Newstead  37,  Ward  38. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Blatchley  3*  (two),  W.  H.  H.  6,  Scudder  11,  Saussure  and  Zehnter  19 
(Mantidie*),  Kowalevski  24,  Morse  38.  • 

NEUROPTERA. 

Wiedtmann  7,  Kirby  8  (two),  Nimiiry  29. 


260  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October, 

HEMIPTERA. 

Berg  4,  Newstead  17  (two),  Fowler  19  (Membracidae*),  Uhler  26*,  Hen- 
shaw  38. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Reitter  i,  Wickham  3  (two),  Gahan  8*,  Lewis  8*,  Champion  19  (Cas- 
sididee*),  Gorham  19  (Coccinellidae*),  Pic  21*,  Hamilton  3,  Rogeron  34, 
Wickham  35,  Townsend  38. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Grote  3,  Strecker  3,  Tutt  3,  Bean  3,  Buckell  3,  Moffat  3,  Godman  and 
Salvin  8*,  19,  Swinhoe  8,  Lower  13,  Verson  15,  Tutt  16,  Butler  20  (three), 
South  20,  Frohawk  20,  Kane  20,  Austaut  23,  Schaus  26*,  Girod-Genet  27, 
K^naggs  17,  Jordan  3,  Holland  38,  Weed  38,  Huston  38,  Dyar  38. 

DIPTERA. 
Townsend  3,  Strobl  10,  Wainwright  17,  Theobald  5,  Norris  17. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Harrington  3*  (two),  32,  Gillette  3*,  Gribodo  22*,  Hodge  25,  Marie  24, 
Saunders  17,  Emery  36. 


Tne  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


Descriptions  of  the  Larvae  of  Tritoma,  Carpophilus 

and  Cyllodes. 

By  H.  F.  WICKHAM,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Tritoma  Iwmeralis  Fabr.  fig.  i. — Color  of  larva  nearly  white,  head  yel- 
lowish, the  incisures  of  the  body  often  dark  from  the  introduction  of 
earthy  matter.  Form  moderately  elongate,  nearly  cylindrical,  but  taper- 
ing to  each  end.  Length  6-7  mm. 

Head  moderate  in  size,  transversely  subquadrate  in  outline,  bristly, 
frontal  margin  produced  between  the  mandibles  and  fringed  on  the  outer 
edge;  vertex  with  an  impressed  line  each  side  extending  from  near  the 
base  to  or  near  the  origin  of  the  antenna;.  Antemue  very  short,  the  first 
joint  extremely  thick  and1  heavy,  the  second  short  and  thick,  but  U-ss  so 
than  the  first,  third  more  slender  and  bearing  two  articulations  at  tip. 
Eyes  consist  of  six  ocelli,  situated  immediately  behind  tin-  antenna'. 
Mandibles  nearly  triangular,  tip  witli  two  teeth,  immediately  inside  of 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  26 1 

these  is  a  smaller  tooth,  while  from  this  point  to  the  base  the  edge  is 
thinner  and  rather  finely  serrate.  Maxillae  with  the  inner  piece  broad, 
truncate  at  tip,  inner  angle  acute;  along  the  free  end  is  a  number  of  pieces 
— about  five;  the  outer  piece  is  four-jointed,  the  three  basal  joints  heavy, 
but  rapidly  decreasing  in  thickness,  the  fourth  joint  more  slender  and 
longer.  Mentum  short  and  broad,  the  palpi  two-jointed,  very  thick,  sec- 
ond joint  longer  and  more  slender  than  the  first  and  armed  at  tip  with  a 
few  small  spines;  ligula  papilliform,  furnished  with  two  setae.  Prothorax 
transversely  subelliptical,  disc  rugose,  with  a  broad,  shallow,  transverse 
impression,  bristly,  posterior  margin  sinuate,  sides  rounded.  Meso-  and 
metathorax  shorter.  Abdomen  of  nine  subequal  segments,  each  with  a 
double  transverse  row  of  bristles  extending  around  the  entire  circumfer- 
ence. The  nmth  segment  bears  on  the  dorsal  surface,  between  these 
TOWS,  two  short,  erect,  slightly  recurved  processes;  there  is  also  a  tenth 
false  segment,  used  as  a  prop-leg  in  walking.  Spiracles  dorso-lateral,  in 
nine  pairs  of  which  the  first  is  situated  near  the  anterior  mesothoracic 
angles,  the  remainder  in  much  the  same  relation  to  segments  one  to  eight 
of  the  abdomen;  they  are  slightly  exserted  and  brownish  in  color.  Legs 
short,  rather  scantily  bristled,  the  coxae  conical,  trochanters  distinct  from 
and  shorter  than  the  femora,  which  are  thicker  near  the  tip,  tibiae  again 
shorter  and  tapering  to  apex,  claws  simple  and  only  moderately  curved. 

These  larvae  were  taken  at  Bayfield,  Wis. ,  about  the  middle 
of  July.  They  lived  in  a  fleshy  fungus  found  growing  on  dead 
wood,  and  went  under  ground  to  pupate,  remaining  in  this  con- 
dition eight  days.  The  pupa  is  5  mm.  in  length,  and  most  ex- 
tremely bristly  on  the  thorax,  wing-pads  and  abdomen,  the  tip 
of  the  last  bearing  a  stout  spine. 

Carpophilus  niger  Say,  fig.  2. — Color  of  larva,  in  life,  nearly  white,  head 
chestnut,  in  spirits  the  general  color  becomes  yellowish.  Form  elongate, 
flattened,  wider  near  the  end  of  the  abdomen.  Length  of  alcoholic 
specimen  6  mm. 

Head  rather  large,  broader  than  long,  narrower  anteriorly,  sides  rounded, 
front  with  a  long  and  broad  prolongation  between  the  antennae,  this  lobe 
being  rounded  at  tip.  Labrum  small,  distinct,  in  the  form  of  a  triangle 
with  the  base  excavated  and  the  apex  rounded.  Antennae  four-jointed, 
the  first  joint  extremely  short  and  thick,  the  remainder  successively  more 
slender,  the  third  joint  longest.  This  joint  also  bears  a  small  articulated 
appendage  besides  being  the  support  of  the  fourth  member;  only  a  few 
short  bristles  can  be  seen.  Mandibles  nearly  triangular  in  outline,  the  tip 
curved,  the  inner  margin  armed  with  about  nine  sharp  teeth,  of  which  tin- 
upper  ones  are  longest  and  more  curved.  These  teeth  are  again  armed 
internally  with  spines  forming  a  rather  complicated  structure.  At  the 
inner  base  of  the  mandible  is  seen  an  elliptical  area  which  is  distinctly 
transversely  punctate-striate.  Maxilla-  \\ith  tin-  (-HUT  lobe  armed  at  tip 
with  an  extremely  bristly  scutiform  sulitriangiilar  pkce,  imnudiaU-h  \  re- 


262  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  [October. 

ceded  by  a  rather  long  and  slender  process  externally.  The  inner  lobe 
is  four-jointed  and  very  heavy  in  proportion  to  the  rest  of  the  maxilla,  the 
joints  being  very  shortly  bristled  at  their  tips.  The  mentum  presents  the 
form  shown  in  the  figure,  the  palpi  are  stout,  with  a  very  minute  terminal 
joint.  Prothorax  transversely  elliptical,  front  margin  slightly  reflexed  and 
thickened,  disc  with  a  median  impression  more  distinct  at  base,  on  each 
side  of  which  is  situated  a  rather  large  shallow  fovea.  Meso-  and  ineta- 
thorax  shorter,  less  corneous.  Abdomen  of  nine  segments,  the  terminal 
one  bearing  at  tip  two  conical  pointed  processes  directed  backwards,  at 
the  base  of  these  are  several  small  bristle-bearing  tubercles;  anus  tuber- 
culate.  Spiracles  prominent,  exserted,  in  nine  pairs  of  which  the  first  is 
near  the  hind  angles  of  the  mesothorax,  the  remainder  in  segments  one 
to  eight  of  the  abdomen.  Legs  rather  short,  coxae  neafly  conical,  tro- 
chanters  distinct,  claws  simple.  There  are  only  a  few  bristles  on  each 
joint. 

These  larvae  were  taken  under  bark  at  Bayfield,  Wis. ,  on  the 
third  of  July.  They  went  under  ground  to  change  to  the  pupa, 
each  making  a  small  cell  by  squirming,  after  the  manner  of  Ca- 
rabid  larvae.  The  pupa  is  4  mm.  in  length,  and  except  for  being- 
much  flatter,  is  not  unlike  that  of  Cyllodes  biplagiatus  in  form. 
The  posterior  legs  are  entirely  covered  by  the  wing  pads,  the 
prothorax  has  strong  bristles  on  the  dorsal  region  and  all  the 
abdominal  segments,  except  the  last  have  each  a  lateral  spine, 
longer  on  those  near  the  tip  of  the  body.  The  terminal  seg- 
ment has  two  horny  tubercles  or  short  spines  at  apex. 

The  larvae  differ  somewhat  in  the  proportions  of  length  to 
breadth,  many  of  them  being  longer  in  proportion  than  the  figure. 

Cyllodes  biplagiatus  Lee.,  fig.  3.— Color  of  larva  white,  head  darker. 
Form  somewhat  maggot-like,  nearly  cylindrical  in  life,  tapering  to  both 
ends;  consistence  soft.  Length  8  mm. 

Head  small,  corneous,  narrowed  anteriorly,  and  with  a  moderately  deep, 
longitudinal,  slightly  oblique  impression  behind  each  antenna,  reaching 
to  the  base.  Antennas  four-jointed,  the  first  joint  heavy,  stout,  second 
shorter  and  much  narrower,  third  longer  and  bearing  two  small,  terminal 
joints,  similarly  to  what  is  seen  in  the  larva  of  Lpipocns;  there  are  no. 
bristles.  Maxillae  with  the  inner  portion  broad,  very  bristly,  the  outer 
part  with  four  distinct  joints,  gradually  decreasing  in  width,  and  a  very 
small  acicular  fifth  joint.  The  only  spines  are  a  few  very  minute  ones 
around  the  tip  of  the  fourth  joint.  Mandibles  serrate  on  both  external 
and  internal  edges,  the  former  with  about  ten  teeth,  the  inner  with  half 
that  number.  A  basal  piece,  just  internal  to  the  mandible  proper  is  of 
firmer  consistence,  and  also  toothed  along  the  end,  bearing  besides  a  feu 
short  bristles.  Labial  palpi  short,  two-jointed,  the  basal  joint  much  largrt 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  263 

and  longer,  the  second  tapering  to  tip.  Prothorax  corneous,  though  less 
so  than  the  head,  obscurely  margined,  or  with  an  impressed  line  interiorly, 
the  apex  is  narrower  than  the  base,  sides  arcuate.  Meso-  and  metathorax 
shorter  and  broader  than  the  prothorax,  not  horny  in  texture.  Abdomen 
of  nine  segments,  the  last  of  which  bears  on  the  dorsal  surface,  near  the 
posterior  border,  two  semi-erect,  slightly  recurved  processes;  there  is 
also  an  additional  piece  ordinarily  retracted  into  this  ninth  segment,  which 
seems  to  be  used  as  a  pro-leg.  Spiracles  in  nine  pairs,  the  first  situated 
in  the  mesothorax,  the  remainder  in  segments  one  to  eight  of  the  abdo- 
men; they  are  all  brown  in  color  and  somewhat  prominent.  Legs  short; 
coxae  nearly  conical,  trochanters  subtriangular,  femora  and  tibiae  not  dif- 
fering greatly  in  length,  but  the  latter  is  more  slender;  claw  curved,  swollen 
at  base;  all  the  joints  are  more  or  less  bristly,  as  shown  in  the  figure. 

Several  were  taken  at  Bayfield,  Wis.,  in  June,  in  large,  fleshy 
iungi.  The  larvae  enter  the  ground  to  transform  to  pupae,  and 
the  beetle  requires  several  days  to  attain  its  full  colors.  The  pupa 
is  of  the  form  shown,  and  presents  no  striking  characters.  The 
pupal  state  lasts  seven  days. 

EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE. 

Fig.  i.  Tritoina  hitineralis  Fab.,  larva;  a,  antenna;  /,  leg;  md,  man- 
dible; nit,  menturn;  m.r,  maxilla. 

Fig.  2.   Carpophilus  HigerSay.  larva;  dissections  lettered  as  before. 
Fig.  3.   Cyllodes  biplagiatus  Lee.,  larva;  p,  pupa;  dissections  as  above. 


-o- 


DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW  COCCID/E.-II. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Entomologist  N.  M.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta. 

3.  Bercjrothia  steelii  Ckll.  and  Towns.,  n.  sp. — Female  very  similar  to 
B.  townsendi  Ckll  (1893).  The  yellowish  white  ovisac  gives  it  the  ap- 
pearance of  a  small  1'iili'hiaria.  Antenna;  8-jointed,  formula  8  (12)  3 
(4567)  8  with  three  whorls  of  hairs;  8  decidedly  longer  than  2,  2  decidedly 
longer  than  3,  6  perhaps  a  little  shorter  than  4,  5  or  7.  Derm  witli  nu- 
merous round  gland-spots.  Anal  ring  with  six  hairs;  menturn  trimerous. 
Hind  legs  with  femur  slightly  longer  than  tibiae;  tarsus  less  than  half 
length  of  tibia.  Claw  fairly  large,  curved;  trochanter  with  a  long  hair; 
anterior  legs  less  developed  than  the  hindmost  ones.  Posterior  tubercles 
"very  inconspicuous,  bearing  a  pair  of  short,  stout  spines  and  a  long  hair, 
as  in  B.  townsendi.  The  inner  edge  of  the  anogenital  ring  presents  a 
moniliform  appearance.  The  female  after  boiling  in  soda  is  colorless, 
with  the  legs  and  antenna-  \vllowish  brown. 

The  following  details  are  added  from  Prof.  Townsend's  MS. : 

"  Adult  female  suboval,  or  elongate  oval  in  outline  from  above;  nearly 
Mat  below,  convex  above,  of  a  light  reddish  brown  color,  with  the  legs 
and  antennae  concolorous.  Length  about  4  mm. ;  width  2  mm. 


264  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [October, 

"  Ovisac  elongate,  bag-shaped,  widened  and  rounded  behind,  somewhat 
narrowed  and  abrupt  before,  where  the  head  of  the  female  protrudes; 
often  very  largely  conformed  to  the  shape  of  the  leaf.  Length  of  felted 
sac  5-6  mm.;  width  2-2.5  mm.  It  was  observed  that  the  whitish  sacs 
were  likely  to  escape  notice  among  the  young  fruit  of  the  Larrea,  which 
was  just  setting,  and  was  covered  with  a  whitish,  woolly  pubescence. 

"  Larva.—  The  larva  is  the  same  color  as  the  adult  female;  legs  slender, 
antennae  consisting  of  only  six  joints.  Larvae  were  found  May  i3th,  which 
were  beginning  to  exude  a  sac. 

"  Egg. — The  eggs  are  whitish  in  color;  they  are  enclosed  in  the  end  of 
the  felted  sac,  behind  the  body  of  the  female,  the  head  of  the  female 
being  usually  more  or  less  through  the  anterior  end  of  the  sac  as  the  eggs 
are  deposited.  Eggs  found  in  the  sacs  of  adult  females  were  unhatched 
May  1 3th. 

"Food-plant. — Found  abundantly  May  i3th  on  leaves  of  the  creosote 
bush  (Larreamexicana);  occasionally  on  the  stems  also.  It  is  usually 
on  the  underside  of  the  leaf,  which  is  small  and  very  nearly  covered  by 
the  felted  sac."  (Townsend.) 

Hab. — Near  the  Agricultural  College,  Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex. 

This  is  the  insect  described  by  Prof.  Townsend  in  Bull.  7,  N. 
Mex.  Agric.  Exp.  Station,  as  a  new  Signoretia,  no  specific  name 
being  then  proposed.  On  examination,  it  turns  out  to  be  a  Ber- 
grothia,  very  near  to  B.  townsendi,  but  differing  principally  as 
follows : 

B.  townsendi. — Rather  smaller,  antennae  y-jointed,  2  and  5  about  equal; 

food-plant  Fouquieria. 
B.  steclii. — Rather  larger,  antennae  8-jointed,  2  decidedly  longer  than 

3;  food-plant  Larrea. 

It  is  true  that  one  specimen  of  B.  townsendi  seemed  to  have  8 
joints  to  the  antenna,  but  7  was  the  normal  number;  and  apart 
from  this,  the  proportions  of  the  joints  are  not  the  same  in  the 
two  forms.  Taking  this  with  the  very  different  food-plants,  it 
appears  to  be  necessary  to  regard  B.  steelii  as  distinct. 

At  Prof.  Townsend's  suggestion,  the  insect  is  named  after  the 
late  Mr.  Samuel  Steel,  who  first  found  it.  Mr.  Steel  was  to  have 
been  the  first  graduate  of  the  New  Mexico  College  of  Agricul- 
ture, in  1893,  but  was  most  unfortunately  killed  in  the  early  part 
of  that  year.  He  had  studied  entomology  with  Prof.  Townsend, 
and  had  shown  unusual  zeal  and  ability,  so  that  much  was  ex- 
pected of  him  in  the  future. 


1 894.]  KNTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  265 

LARVA  AND  PUPA  OF  SPHINX  LUSCITIOSA,  Cram. 
By  RICHARD  E.  KUNZE,  M.  D.,  New  York. 

In  Fernald's  "  Sphingidae  of  New  England ':  and  John  B. 
Smith's  "Sphingidae  of  America,  North  of  Mexico,"  no  descrip- 
tion of  this  larva  is  given,  and  in  the  language  of  Prof.  Smith 
"  this  lack  in  our  knowledge  of  Sphinx  larva  ought  to  be  soon. 
filled .' '  About  a  year  ago  August  igth,  I  found,  on  purple  willow 
( Sal ix  pur  pure  a),  in  a  swamp  in  Queens  County,  N.  Y. ,  a  full- 
grown  larva  of  luscitiosa,  parasitized,  as  I  then  thought,  and  in 
which  opinion  Mr.  J.  Doll  joined,  who  kindly  determined  it  for 
me.  I  fed  it  for  nearly  four  or  five  days,  so  as  to  give  me  an 
opportunity  of  studying  it  closely  and  noting  difference  between 
it  and  larva  ofS.  drupiferarum,  which  it  resembles  in  color  with  the 
exception  of  the  stripes  on  each  side  of  the  head.  I  found  both 
these  larvae  on  the  same  day,  of  nearly  one  size,  and  very  near 
one  another.  In  a  week  after  pupating,  I  removed  the  pupa, 
which  in  latter  part  of  May,  1894,  produced  a  perfect  $  to  my 
surprise. 

During  the  season  of  1894,  I  determined  to  find  luscitiosa 
larvae  come  what  may,  and  not  knowing  the  young  larva,  took 
every  Sphinx  larva  found  on  willow,  and  in  fact  nearly  every  other 
larva  found  on  willows  of  this  vicinity.  Thus  I  obtained  lots  of 
nice  things  of  which  more  another  time.  I  hunted  these  between 
June  24th  and  July  22nd  in  one  swamp  in  Long  Island,  one  bog- 
in  West  Chester  County,  N.  Y. ,  and  another  bog  in  Essex  County, 
N.  J.,  making  six  trips  and  finding  nine  luscitiosa  larvae. 

Before  the  second  moult  this  larva  cannot  be  distinguished  in 
color  by  the  naked  eye  from  Smer.  geminatus,  but  may  easily 
be  separated  by  noticing  the  number  of  sphingial  bands.  In 
luscitiosa  there  are  seven  oblique  stripes  and  in  the  young  larva 
of  geminatus  only  six  visible  to  the  naked  eye.  In  color  of  the 
caudal  horn,  in  shape  and  size  of  the  same,  these  two  larvae  are 
nearly  identical  up  to  the  second  moult.  There  are  two  broods 
of  luscitiosa  in  this  vicinity,  the  second  appearing  in  August. 

To  find  what  I  did  'required  careful  search  of  every  leaf,  twig 
and  cane  of  every  species  of  willow,  excepting  the  weeping- 
willow.  While  finding  geminatus  and  Paonias  exc&catus  on 
several  kinds  of  willows,  I  always  took  luscitiosa  from  Salix 
purpurea,  excepting  one  or  two  instances,  and  the  smallest  sped- 


266  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [October, 

mens  rested  on  little  side  shoots  of  larger  branches  or  canes. 
When  past  the  third  moult,  the  larva  ascends  to  upper  branches 
of  stouter  growth,  and  is  then  mostly  parasitized.  Of  the  nine 
larvae  found,  only  three  pupated.  Two  of  the  number  had  their 
caudal  horns  nipped  off  close  to  the  base,  and  both  ceased  to  grow 
after  last  moult  and  perished.  In  the  breeding-cage  I  did  not 
always  give  them  purple  willow  so  long  as  I  had  enough  of  other 
species  on  hand  to  feed  from.  Raising  from  200  to  250  of  various 
larvae,  all  from  Salix,  it  required  large  quantities  of  food-plants  to 
bring  these  to  pupation,  and  the  difficulty  not  lessened  by  the  dis- 
tance from  base  of  supplies. 

DESCRIPTION  OF  LARVA. 

Young  larva  near  first  moult. — Cylindrical  smooth  and  color  of 
a  light  green.  There  are  seven  white,  oblique  bands  on  each  side, 
.and  two  subdorsal  thoracic  lines.  The  last  oblique  band  passes 
into  the  caudal  horn,  which  is  purple  and  nearly  straight.  Length 
of  body  12  mm.  (about  ^  inch),  width  1^2  mm.  Length  of  caudal 
horn  2  mm.  Thoracic  and  abdominal  feet  green,  concolorous 
with  body.  Under  a  magnifier  the  body  seems  to  be  covered  by 
many  minute  whitish  points.  This  specimen  was  found  on  Salix 
•viminalis  or  Basket  Osier,  in  Long  Island  City,  July  13,  1894. 

Young  larva  between  2nd  and  $rd  moult. — Body  cylindrical, 
green,  almost  color  of  willow  leaf,  and  entire  body  finely  granulated 
with  white  points  inclusive  of  caudal  horn.  Sphingial  bands  white, 
bordered  above  by  a  dark  green  line,  darker  than  color  of  body. 
Each  one  of  the  bands  reaches  posteriorly  about  one-third  across 
adjoining  segment.  There  is  one  subdorsal,  thoracic,  yellow  line 
on  joints  2,  .,  and  4.  The  caudal  horn  has  laterally  a  whitish 
stripe,  formed  by  the  seventh  oblique  band  passing  into  it.  Between 
these  whitish  stripes  are  enclosed  two  crimson  lines  describing  a 
delta  on  the  dorsum  of  horn.  Below  the  horn  is  green.  All  tho- 
racic or  true  feet  crimson,  legs  above  white.  Abdominal  feet  con- 
colorous with  body.  Length  24  mm.  (about  \l  inch),  and  width 
of  body  3J/2  mm.  This  specimen  found  on  Salix  purpurea,  near 
Mount  Vernon,  West  Chester  County,  N.  Y. ,  July  25,  1894. 

Half -grown  larva. — Head  not  quite  so  triangular  as  in  the  larva 
of  Smerinthus  geminatus  and  the  face  oval.  On  each  side  of  face 
one  vertical  green  line  lighter  than  the  rest  and  nearly  meeting 
on  top  of  head.  Posterior  to  this  line  is  another  of  a  much  darker 


1 894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  267 

green  than  either  the  head  or  body,  which,  are  concolorous. 
Mouth  parts  blackish.  The  seven  oblique,  white  bands  are  bordered 
above,  pink.  Caudal  horn  granulated,  almost  straight,  yellowish 
white,  laterally  and  purple  at  tips.  Thoracic  legs  white,  changing 
to  pink  below,  and  feet  much  more  of  same  color.  Abdominal 
legs  green.  Spiracles  cream  colored.  Under  a  magnifier  the 
caudal  horn  displays  short,  stout  spines.  Body  slender,  cylindri- 
cal, smooth,  and  when  magnified  is  covered  by  very  fine,  white 
dots.  There  are  two  white  lines  on  oval  plate,  forming  a  delta 
with  apex  pointing  posteriorly.  Length  of  body  at  rest,  33  mm. 
(about  i  ,56  inch),  when  in  motion  40 mm.  (about  i  ^  inch),  width 
5  mm.  (about  ,|  inch).  Caudal  horn  4  mm.  long.  Before  the 
larva  is  half-grown  very  little  pink  is  discernible  above  the  white, 
sphingial  bands.  On  the  first  oblique  stripe,  a  little  pink  appears 
near  the  centre  of  the  band,  and  with  each  succeeding  joint  the 
pink  encroaches  a  little  more  until  it  nearly  edges  the  whole 
length  of  the  last  band  passing  into  the  caudal  horn.  About  this 
time,  a  faint  yellow  thoracic  line  is  still -noticeable  on  each  side  of 
body.  This  larva  was  collected  near  Long  Island  City,  July  I3th, 
feeding  on  Salix  purpurea. 

Mature  larva. — Head  oval,  of  a  darker  green  than  body,  and 
with  a  light  green,  vertical  stripe  on  each  side  looking  forward. 
Back  of  and  adjoining  it  another  of  a  dark  green  color.  Body 
slender,  smooth  and  of  a  beautiful  emerald-green  from  dorsum  to 
venter.  The  seven  oblique,  white  stripes  bordered  above  more  of 
a  violet  tint  instead  of  the  former  pink.  Caudal  horn  shining 
black  laterally,  and  green  on  dorsal  and  lower  side.  Spiracles 
orange,  surrounded  by  a  yellowish  ring.  Below  stigmatal  line 
the  lateral  surface  of  body  is  dotted  white,  edged  by  a  black  ring, 
which  is  best  seen  under  a  lens.  Thoracic  feet  rose-pink,  whitish 
above.  Abdominal  feet  green.  Length  of  body  at  rest  55  mm. 
-  2  ,,  inch),  in  motion  65  mm.  (2  ,96  inch).  Width  of  transverse 
diameter  9  mm.  (,|  inch),  and  of  the  dorso-ventral  10  mm.  This 
last  measurement  is  from  dorsum  to  and  including  feet.  Length 
of  caudal  horn  5  mm.  Q  inch),  and  recurved.  The  oblique  or 
sphingial  bands  of  the  mature  larva  do  not  now  reach  into  adjoining 
segment,  except  the  last,  passing  into  caudal  horn. 

Mature  larva  one  day  before  pupation. — In  shape  and  color 
about  the  same  as  previously  noted.  The  lateral  stripes  pure 
white  and  the  pink  border  above  now  changes  into  violet  of  more 


268  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [October, 

b 

or  less  intensity,  when  viewed  under  certain  lights.  The  light- 
green,  vertical  lines  of  head  become  more  whitish  and  meet  at 
the  vertex,  mandibles  and  maxillae  green  ;  mouth-part  blackish, 
antennae  cream  colored  and  greenish  at  base.  Stigmata  or  breath- 
ing orifices  have  changed  to  light  buff"  color.  The  edge  of  clasp- 
ing surface  of  pro-legs  assume  now  a  brownish  shade.  True  feet 
same  as  before.  Caudal  horn  very  black  on  sides  and  tip.  There 
is  now  a  yellowish  white  line  below  the  black  stripe  of  horn,  into 
which  the  seventh  oblique  white  band  passes.  Length  of  body  at 
rest  65  mm.  Transverse  diameter  of  body  10  mm.  (0  inch),  and 
of  dorso- ventral  12  mm.  Horn  6  mm.  long.  This  larva  was  found 
in  Long  Island-City,  June  24th,  on  Salix purpurea,  and  went  into 
the  ground  to  transform  July  lyth,  making  the  time  from  hatching 
to  pupation  four  weeks,  i.  e.,  judging  of  its  age  from  size  when 
collected.  Larva  contracted  finally  so  that  length  when  in  motion 
could  not  be  taken. 

Pupa. — Two  pupae  were  dark  brown  and  one  reddish  brown, 
shiny  tongue  case  short,  prominent  and  slightly  detached,  so  as  to 
be  scarcely  noticeable.  Length  from  35  mm.  (i  ^  inch)  to  39 
mm.  (about  \y2  inch).  Width  across  wing-cases,  from  8  mm. 
dl  inch)  to  9  mm.  Cremaster  4  mm.  long. 

Postscript. — On  September  2nd,  found  a  larva  of  luscitiosa  on 
white  birch  {Betula  alba\  in  Hudson  County,  N.  Y.,  about  two- 
thirds  grown.  It  rested  on  the  lower  cane  of  one  of  the  sprouts 
near  the  ground.  Only  one  willow  within  a  hundred  yards  oi  the 
spot.  Thinking  it  might  have  been  knocked  off  the  latter,  I  placed 
both  birch  and  purple  willow  in  the  breeding-cage.  It  fed  on  birch 
at  once  and,  four  days  later,  is  still  feeding  on  this  new  food-plant. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  September  was  mailed  August  30,  1894. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  IX. 


BENJAMIN   DANN  WALSH. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OE  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.  v. 


NOVEMBER,   1894. 


No.  9. 


CONTENTS: 


Benjamin  Dann  Walsh 269 

Slosson — Mt.  Washington  again 271 

Webster — Annual  broods  in  Harpipho- 

rus  maculatus. 275 

Snyder — Notes  common  or  otherwise...  277 
Hulst — Relationship  between  Pyrali- 

dina  and  Pteraphorina 279 

Editorial 282 

Economic  Entomology 283 


Notes  and  News 286 

Entomological  Literature 288 

Entomological  Section 292 

Cockerell  and  Casad — New  species  of 

Mutillidae 293 

Fox — Photopsis  vs.  Brachycistis 296 

— A  new  species  of  Mutillidae 297 

Banks — Two  families  of  spiders  new  to 

the  United  States 296 


BENJAMIN  DANN  WALSH. 

We  present  this  month  a  picture  of  a  deceased  American  ento- 
mologist of  note.  The  picture  is  from  a  photograph  in  the  album 
of  the  American  Entomological  Society.  Mr.  Walsh  at  the  time 
of  his  death  was  senior  editor  of  the  "  American  Entomologist," 
an  excellent  journal,  copies  of  which  are  now  very  scarce.  Mr. 
Walsh  was  succeeded  as  editor  by  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley,  who  gave 
a  very  interesting  account  of  the  life  and  works  of  Mr.  Walsh  in 
the  number  of  the  journal  published  for  December  and  January; 
1869-70,  from  which  we  take  the  liberty  of  extracting  the  follow- 
ing :  "On  Friday,  the  i2th  of  November,  1869,  Mr.  Walsh 
started  in  excellent  spirits  on  his  usual  morning  walk  to  the  post- 
office,  and  on  his  return,  while  walking  on  the  track — the  track 
of  the  Chicago  and  Rock  Island  Railroad,  he  suddenly  noticed 
the  passenger  train  for  Chicago  slowly  nearing  him.  Stepping 
aside  he  continued  his  way  on  what  he  supposed  was  a  side  track, 
down  which  the  train  in  reality  came,  though  he  did  not  discover 
his  mistake  until  the  engine  was  clcjse  upon  him.  His  left  foot 


270  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

was  caught  and  terribly  mangled.  The  foot  was  amputated  above 
the  ankle,  and  Mr.  Walsh  bore  the  operation  remarkably  well, 
and  soon  became  quite  cheerful,  displaying  his  facetiousness  by 
declaring  in  the  most  philosophical  spirit,  that  nothing  more  for- 
tunate could  have  happened  to  him.  '  Why,'  he  would  say  to 
his  grieving  wife,  '  don't  you  see  what  an  advantage  a  cork  foot 
will  be  to  me  when  I  am  hunting  bugs  in  the  woods?  I  can  make 
an  excellent  pin-cushion  of  it,  and  if  perchance  I  lose  the  cork  from 
one  of  my  bottles  I  shall  simply  have  to  cut  another  one  out  of  my 
foot.'  Shortly  after  he  died,  as  a  result  of  the  injuries  sustained. 
Mr.  Walsh  was  born  in  Frome,  Worcestershire  [Somersetshire], 
England,  on  the  2ist  of  September,  1808,  and  was  therefore  in 
his  sixty-second  year.  He  came  to  this  country  in  1838.  The 
first  published  account  that  we  can  find  of  Mr.  Walsh  as  an  en- 
tomologist is  in  the  report  of  a  lecture  which  he  delivered  before 
the  Illinois  State  Horticultural  Society  at  the  Bloomington  Con- 
vention in  January,  1860.  After  this  he  became  a  regular  con- 
tributor to  a  number  of  agricultural  journals,  and  also  published 
papers  in  the  '  Proceedings'  of  the  Boston  Society  of  Natural 
History,  and  in  the  '  Proceedings'  of  the  Philadelphia  Entomo- 
logical Society.  He  was  a  school-mate  with  Darwin,  and  though 
he  took  up  the  latter' s  work  on  the  'Origin  of  Species'  with 
great  prejudices  against  the  development  hypothesis,  yet  he  be- 
came a  convert  to  evolution  after  he  had  once  studied  it.  In 
October,  1865,  The  Entomological  Society  of  Philadelphia  com- 
menced the  publication  of  a  monthly  bulletin  entitled  the  '  Prac- 
tical Entomologist.'  This  journal  was  edited  by  the  publication 
committee  of  the  society,  consisting  of  E.  T.  Cresson,  Aug.  R. 
Grote  and  J.  W.  McAllister.  Very  soon,  however,  Mr.  Walsh 
was  added  to  the  list  as  associate  editor  from  the  West,  and  he 
finally  became  sole  editor  of  the  second  volume.  So  well  had 
he  succeeded  in  opening  the  eyes  of  the  people  of  his  own  State 
to  the  vast  importance  of  economic  entomology  that  the  State 
Horticultural  Society  at  last  petitioned  the  Legislature  to  appoint 
a  State  entomologist,  and,  accordingly,  at  the  session  of  1866-67 
a  bill  was  passed  authorizing  the  appointment  of  such  an  officer 
with  a  salary  of  $2000  per  annum,  the  appointment  being  vested 
in  the  Governor,  by  and  with  the  consent  of  the  Senate.  As 
Acting  State  Entomologist  he  issued  his  first  annual  report  for 
1867." 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  2JI 

MT.  WASHINGTON  AGAIN. 

By  ANNIE  TRUMBULL  SLOSSON. 

Mt.  Washington  certainly  knows  and  appreciates  its  true  friends. 
It  treats  with  warmth,  sunshine  and  geniality  those  who  seek  it 
year  after  year  in  the  right  spirit.     Again  I  had  on  the  summit 
this  season  a  whole  week  of  ideal  weather  for  collecting.     We 
went  up  the  mountain  in  the  afternoon  of  July  i6th.     The  day 
had  been  bright,  warm  and  still.     Our  old  friend  the  sphagnostic 
was  again  with  us,  carrying  his  big  tin  botanical  case  for  hold- 
ing peat-mosses  from  the  Lake  of  the  Clouds,  dwarf  willows  and 
other  alpine  specimens.       But  the  two   mouse  hunters  of  last 
summer,  and  the  enthusiastic  botanist  from  Boston  were  absent 
and  sadly  missed.     As  usual,  I  began  to  find  specimens  just  as 
soon  as  I  arrived.     The  window  of  my  room  furnished  at  once 
several  interesting  insects,  chiefly  Diptera.      One  of  these  has 
been  pronounced  by  Mr.  Coquillett  a  new  species  of  Sapromyza, 
and  given  by  him  the  MS.  name  of  washingtonice,  in  honor  of 
our  grand  old  mountain.       Day  after  day  of  the  same  bright, 
warm,  still  weather  succeeded.     In  the  middle  of  the  day  the 
sunshine  was  really  too  warm  for  comfort.     One  noon  the  ther- 
mometer recorded  90°  on  front  platform;  I  never  before  saw  so 
much  insect  life  on  the  mountain.     In  fact,  I  have  rarely  seen  as 
much  in  any  locality.    The  air  swarmed  with  tiny  creatures,  flies, 
gnats,  aphidae,  winged  ants.    Strangely  enough,  the  insect  fauna 
seemed  quite  unlike  that  of  a  year  ago.     Not  one  of  the  brilliant 
beetles,    Corymbites  resplendens,  so  very  plentiful  last  year,  was 
taken;  nor  did  I  see  Anthophilax attenuatus,  Scotodes  americanum 
or  CephaJoon  leptiirides,  all  common  last  season.    But  I  added  so 
many  fine  insects  to  my  list  not  seen  hitherto  that  I  did  not  deeply 
regret  the  absence  of  the  old  friends.     For  the  first  time  in  all 
my  collecting  on  the  summit  I  took  a  few  moths  in  the  evening 
at  light.     On  three  successive  nights  moths  flew  into  the  hall  of 
the  hotel  and  were  captured;  I  took  thus  several  specimens  of 
that  fine  noctuid,    Carneades  opipara  Morr. ,   two  of  Pachnobia 
wockei  Moeschler,  and  one  Semiophora  e/imata,  the  badicollis  of 
Crete's  list.     Two  or  three  Geometridae  also  came  in  and  a  few 
microlepidoptera;  and  one  evening,  quite  late,  just  as  I  had  given 
up  the  hope  of  any  capture  that  night,  there  flew  in  and  settled 
on  tlie  wall  a  fine,  fresh  moth  quite  new  to  me.     It  seemed  to  be 


272  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [November, 

an  Agrotid,  but  I  could  not  place  it.  Dr.  J.  B.  Smith  pronounces 
it  Carneades  dissona,  of  Moeschler,  described  from  Labrador, 
and  apparently  never  before  recognized  in  this  part  of  the  world. 
It  is  a  pretty  moth  with  wings  of  an  even,  soft,  purplish  gray, 
and  distinct  markings.  There  are  touches  of  ochreous  brown  on 
the  primaries  not  mentioned  in  the  description  as  given  in  Smith's 
"  Revision,"  and  probably  not  evident  in  the  Labrador  insects, 
as  Dr.  Smith  writes  me  that  mine  is  much  the  best-preserved 
specimen  he  has  ever  seen.  A  day  or  two  after  this  capture  our 
good  friend,  the  sphagnostic,  found  a  moth,  probably  the  same 
species,  down  near  the  alpine  garden.  But  it  is  so  worn  and 
faded  as  to  be  questionable.  On  one  of  these  phenominally  warm 
evenings  one  of  the  employes  of  the  hotel  told  us  that  there  was 
a  "tree  toad"  peeping  down  below.  We  went  out  upon  the 
platform  and  soon  heard  plainly  the  familiar  note  of  a  Hyia.  It 
came  from  down  the  carriage  road  and  was  traced  by  one  of  our 
party,  who  investigated  the  matter,  to  a  little  pool  about  a  hun- 
dred and  twenty-five  feet  below  the  summit.  The  little  ' '  peeper' ' 
was  not  captured,  but  was  probably  H.  pickeringii.  It  was  the 
first  time  any  of  us  had  ever  heard  this  sound  on  the  summit,  but 
I  have  since  been  told  that  there  are  Hylas  in  the  Lake  of  the 
Clouds. 

The  warm,  white,  wooden  walls  of  the  Summit  House  were 
again  my  best  hunting-ground.  At  least  once  in  two  or  three 
hours  I  visited  them  and  gathered  in  the  spoils.  Here  I  took, 
as  once  before,  an  sEgeria,  fresh  and  unworn.  This  time  it  was 
the  Albuna  montana  Hy.  Edw. ,  a  form  I  often  capture  in  Fran- 
conia;  and  here  were  found  Coleoptera,  Hymenoptera  and  Dip- 
tera  in  abundance.  Ichneumon  w-album,  a  gaily  marked  species 
of  black  and  yellow,  was  this  year  exceedingly  numerous;  I 
could  have  taken  hundreds  of  specimens  on  the  sides  of  the  house, 
flying  about  the  rocks,  or  along  the  carriage  road.  I  took  three 
specimens  of  the  odd,  wasp-like  longicorn  beetle,  Bellamira 
scalaris,  near  the  house,  the  first  I  had  ever  found  on  the  moun- 
tain. Simplocaria  metallica  was  one  of  the  most  common  beetles 
under  stones  and  sticks,  or  crawling  on  the  ground;  last  season 
I  saw  but  one.  Austin' s  list  speaks  of  it  as  "  found  in  the  greatest 
abundance  under  stones  near  the  six-mile  mark."  This  list  also 
refers  to  Salpingiis  virescens  as  "not  rare  on  the  summit,"  but 
I  have  never  seen  it  till  this  season,  when  I  took  one  specimen 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  273 

on  the  ground  near  the  platform.     It  seems  to  be  a  rare  insect  in 
collections. 

Sawflies  were  abundant,  and  I  found  on  windows  and  walls, 
and  about  plants,  Tenthredo  grandis,  T,  tricolor,  T.  variata, 
Macrophya  nigra  and  many  other  species;  and  I  took  one  day, 
resting  on  the  floor  of  platform,  a  single  specimen  of  Lyda  semidea 
Cress.  In  Parasitica,  too,  I  found  some  rare  things;  among 
others  several  specimens  of  a  Euceros,  which  Mr.  Davis  pro- 
nounces new. 

But  it  was  in  Diptera  that  I  made  my  most  interesting  captures. 
Flies  were  swarming  and  buzzing  everywhere.  Around  every  tuft 
of  arenaria,  or  spike  of  mountain  golden-rod,  hovered  Echinomyia 
florum  Walk.,  a  big  black  fly  with  sides  of  abdomen  deep  red; 
with  it  flew  Jurinia  algens  and  many  Syrphidae.  Of  this  last 
family  Syrphus  torvus  and  .S.  contumax  were  the  most  common. 
Didea  laxa,  with  its  markings  of  greenish  blue,  is  not  rare.  This 
was  first  described  by  Osten  Sacken  from  the  White  Mountains. 
It  was  interesting  to  re-find  so  many  of  the  species  named  by  that 
pioneer  in  this  branch  of  our  science,  some  of  them  having  been 
rarely,  if  ever,  found  since  their  description  by  him.  One  day 
in  my  room  I  saw  resting  on  the  outside  of  a  pane  of  glass  in  the 
upper  sash  of  my  window  an  odd  fly.  It  was  not  an  easy  thing 
to  capture  it,  but  I  managed  to  reach  out  and  upward  and  place 
the  mouth  of  my  poison-bottle  over  the  insect;  an  hour  later  I 
found  a  duplicate  on  the  parlor  window.  It  proved  to  be  a  very 
interesting  insect,  Arthroceras  leptis  O.  S.  It  is  described  in  a 
note  at  the  end  of  Catalogue  of  Diptera  from  three  females  taken 
by  E.  P.  Austin  in  White  Mountains,  and,  as  far  as  I  can  ascer- 
tain, has  not  since  been  found.  Osten  Sacken  refers  to  it  as  a 
• '  remarkable  insect,  looking  like  a  Leptid  with  the  antennae  of  a 
Cccnomyia."  Mr.  Coquillett  writes  to  me  of  it  as  "a  most  in- 
teresting form,  completely  uniting  the  two  families  Xylophagidae 
and  Leptidae."  It  was  first  placed  by  describer  in  the  genus 
Arthropeas.  On  a  bit  of  golden-rod  growing  between  the  rocks 
near  the  barn  I  took  another  very  rare  fly,  Tcmnostoma  venustum 
Willst.  This  is  a  large,  handsome  black  and  yellowish  striped 
fly  not  unlike-  a  hornet  (  Vespa)  in  appearance.  Of  this  Mr.  Co- 
quillett writes:  "  Your  specimen  is  the  second  one  known  to  exist 
in  collections,  and  your  capture  is  a  most  interesting  one."  The 
type  is  in  the  National  Museum,  and  was  taken  by  Mr.  S.  Hen- 


274  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

shaw  in  White  Mountains.  I  added,  this  summer,  to  my  list  of 
Mt.  Washington  Diptera  between  seventy  and  eighty  species. 
Of  these,  at  least  five  or  six  are  entirely  new  to  science,  and  some 
ten  or  twelve  have  never  before  been  recognized  in  N.  America. 
While  out  in  the  sunshine  the  "  black  fly"  {Simuliuni)  was  very 
troublesome,  flying  about  one's  head  and  biting  as  in  the  lower 
country.  The  species  is  6".  piscicidium. 

In  Arachnidae  I  found  some  interesting  things.  The  large  red 
mite  discovered  by  me  last  year  and  described  by  Mr.  Banks  as 
OHgolophus  montanus,  was  abundant,  crawling  everywhere  over 
the  rocks  and  ground,  or  on  leaves  of  plants.  I  took  nineteen 
species  of  spiders,  only  two  of  which  were  included  in  last  list. 
Of  these  one  is  a  new  species  and  has  been  given,  by  Mr.  Banks, 
the  manuscript  name  of  Dismodicus  alpinus;  another,  a  Dendry- 
phantes  is  probably  new. 

The  tame  chipmunk  which  for  two  summers  has  come  famil- 
iarly about  the  house  for  food  and  petting  was  there  again,  and 
with  him,  this  season,  running  about  fearlessly  among  the  rocks 
below  the  platform  and  feeding  on  the  fragments  of  luncheons 
thrown  there  by  tourists  or  swept  out  by  bell  boys,  was  a  mole. 

One  day  we  saw  two  large  eagles  soaring  overhead.  Lowland 
insects  which  must  have  come  from  far  below  are  found  on  the 
summit  from  time  to  time,  and  we  wonder  at  the  long  upward 
flights  those  gauzy,  frail  wings  can  accomplish.  A  few  days 
before  I  went  up  the  mountain  Miss  Clark,  of  the  Summit  House, 
to  whom  I  owe  many  of  my  rarest  specimens,  found  in  the  hotel 
a  lima  moth.  It  was  a  well-preserved,  almost  fresh  specimen, 
the  first  I  have  ever  seen  at  such  an  elevation.  We  took  but  one 
Argynnis  montinus,  evidently  a  freshly  emerged  one.  It  was 
too  early  for  that  mid-summer  visitant;  but  Chionobas  semidea 
was  there  in  plenty;  and  of  Plusia  vaccinii  and  the  two  Anartas, 
schoenherri  and  melanopa,  we  could  have  taken  hundreds  about 
golden -rod,  the  white  cinque-foil  and  arenaria. 

And  so  with  alpine  birds,  blossoms,  bugs  and  beasts,  the  week 
flew  swiftly  by,  and  we  were  very  sorry,  as  we  always  are,  to 
come  down  to  the  lower  world  again. 


Grandma — "I  see  that  the  locusts  with  a  '  W  on  their  wings  are  out 
again.  It  means  '  War'  whenever  they  appear."  Miss  Laura — "  Not  this 
time,  grandma.  It  means  '  Woman.'  This  is  the  era  of  her  emancipa- 
tion .' ' — Indianapolis  Journal. 


ISQ4-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  275 

Number  of  Annual  Broods  in  Harpiphorus  maculatus  Norton. 

By  F.  M.  WEBSTER. 

The  number  of  annual  generations  of  the  strawberry  saw-fly, 
H.  maculatus,  has  been  an  unsettled  question  among  entomolo- 
gists for  many  years.  Riley,  in  his  9th  Missouri  Report,  states 
positively  that  there  are  two  broods,  one  appearing  in  April  and 
another  in  June  and  July.  In  the  Report  of  U.  S.  Commissioner 
of  Agriculture  for  the  year  1887,  p.  152,  the  writer  recorded  the 
occurrence  of  larvae,  from  two-thirds  to  nearly  full  grown,  on 
strawberry  in  Wayne  County,  Indiana,  on  Oct.  5,  1887.  These 
larvae  were  determined  as  belonging  to  this  species  by  some  of 
Dr.  Riley 's  assistants,  and  furthermore,  according  to  the  studies 
of  Mr.  Mally,  "Insect  Life,"  iii,  p.  10,  they  seemed  to  agree 
with  others  from  which  Prof.  Forbes  reared  the  species  now  under 
consideration.  I  did  not,  as  Mr.  Mally  states,  rear  adults  from 
the  Indiana  larvae,  but  relied  on  the  determinations  received  from 
Washington.  A  year  or  so  later,  on  July  3d,  in  the  garden  of 
Hon.  E.  H.  Scott,  Mayor  of  the  city  of  LaPorte,  Ind.,  I  saw 
nearly  full  grown  larvae  in  numbers  sufficient  to  quite  defoliate 
the  strawberry  plants  on  which  they  were  depredating.  Not 
being  provided  at  the  time  with  facilities  for  studying  the  insect 
in  confinement,  nothing  more  was  done  until  July,  1893,  when 
being  provided  with  better  facilities  for  this  kind  of  work,  I  wrote 
Mr.  Scott  asking  him  to  kindly  send  me  a  lot  of  larvae.  On  July 
5th  I  received  a  large  number  in  fine  condition,  which  were  at 
once  placed  in  a  breeding-cage  on  strawberry  plants,  upon  which 
they  finished  their  development  and  entered  the  earth.  Nothing 
more  was  seen  of  the  insect  in  any  stage  until  March  19,  1894, 
when  adults  appeared  in  the  cage  which  had  been  kept  all  Winter 
in  the  insectary,  and  a  few  days  later  were  present  in  considerable 
numbers.  In  their  old  home  in  the  garden  at  LaPorte,  the  larvae 
appeared,  simultaneously  with,  or  a  little  in  advance  of  the  ripen- 
ing of  the  earliest  berries.  Though  considerably  in  advance  of 
this,  in  the  insectary,  the  larvae  were  on  hand  at  a  time  exactly 
corresponding  with  the  development  of  the  fruit,  showing  that 
the  natural  order  of  things  had  remained  practically  unchanged, 
the  insect  having  only  kept  pace  with  the  plants,  and  that,  in  this 
case  and  under  the  most  favorable  environment,  the  species  was 
single  brooded.  The  Wayne  County  larvae  were  found  at  hit. 


276 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


[November, 


39°  51'  N.,  while  LaPorte  is  in  lat.  41°  35'  N.,  a  difference  of 
about  two  and  a  quarter  degrees.  The  altitude  of  the  Wayne 
County  locality  is  about  960  feet  above  sea-level,  and  LaPorte  is 
probably  not  far  from  750  feet,  showing  that  the  season  could  not 
have  been,  normally,  more  than  a  fortnight  earlier  at  the  southern 

locality.  The  Reports 
of  the  Indiana  State 
Weather  Service  show 
a  difference  of  about  2° 
in  the  mean  annual 
temperature  between 
the  two  localities.  The 
larv£e  from  LaPorte  did 
not  differ  in  appearance 
from  those  found  in 
Wayne  County,  nor 
from  those  figured  by 
Mr.  Mally  (loc.  cit.  vol. 
ii,  p.  140).  Themethod 
and  locality  of  ovipo- 
sition  on  that  plant  were 
both  as  described  of 
this  species,  and  as  this 
has  not  before  been 
shown  I  have  illustrated 

it  in  the  accompanying  figure,  the  eggs  being  placed  in  the  leaf 
stalks,  just  under  the  epidermis.  On  developing,  the  eggs  in- 
crease in  size  and  show  as  distinct  blotches.  In  the  figure  these 
blotches  are  shown  as  after  vacated  by  the  young  larvae,  except 
in  one  case  where  the  epidermis  is  cut  away  to  show  the  unhatched 
larva.  The  adults  reared  from  the  larvae  from  LaPorte  were  the 
ones  ovipositing  in  the  leaf  from  which  the  drawing  for  this  illus- 
tration was  made,  and  were  determined  by  myself,  and  later,  in 
order  that  there  might  be  no  possibility  of  error,  I  sent  them  to 
\J.  S..  Entomologist,  Mr.  L.  O.  Howard,  whose  determination 
sustained  my  own  in  every  particular. 


A  PICTURE  for  the  album  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  has 
been  received  from  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  M.D. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  277 

NOTES  COMMON  OR  OTHERWISE. 

By  ARTHUR  J.   SNYDER,   North  Evanston,  111. 

Calocampas  are  early  flyers.  One  curvimacula  was  taken 
April  4th,  several  C.  nupera  were  taken  during  same  month  at 
sugar.  During  warm,  bright  days  of  Winter  and  very  early 
Spring,  a  visit  to  maple  trees,  -from  which  the  sap  is  running,  will 
repay  the  collector  if  he  wishes  Graptaj-albiim  or  Vanessa  antiopa. 

Many  fine  Sphingidae,  as  well  as  other  good  things,  may 
be  secured  by  visiting  the  blossoms  of  the  various  species  of 
milkweed  at  dusk.  On  June  nth  a  fresh  specimen  of  Amphion 
nessus  was  caught  in  the  hand  as  it  was  flying  about  a  crack  in  a 
barrel  used  as  a  leach  for  manure.  A  few  plants  of  nicitiana,  a 
bed  of  petunias  and  one  of  verbenas,  are  good  things  for  an 
entomologist's  flower  garden. 

At  least  forty  Plusias  were  taken  on  the  evening  of  August 
9th  from  a  bed  of  verbenas.  On  the  same  bed  I  have,  during 
one  week,  taken  P.  simplex,  P.  precationas,  P.  octoscripta,  P. 
biloba,  Deilephila  lineata,  Papilio  asterias,  P.  turnus,  P.  cres- 
phontes,  Danais  archippus,  Limenitis  disippus,  Nemeophila  noc- 
tuclla,  i  and  several  micros.  Larva?  on  plants  often  drop,  by 
means  of  a  web,  to  the  ground  when  the  plant  is  touched  by  the 
collector. 

One  day  in  July  a  male  and  female  Colias  philodice,  which 
were  near  each  other,  were  taken  at  a  sweep  of  the  net.  On 
holding  the  female  and  releasing  the  male  the  latter  refused  to  go 
.away,  but  continued  to  flutter  about  the  hand  which  held  the 
female  for  at  least  five  minutes,  when  the  female  was  finally 
released  the  pair  flew  away  together. 

One  badly  battered  specimen  of  Erebus  odora  was  taken 
here  late  in  the  season  of  1893.  One  was  seen  about  the  same 
time  at  sugar  on  two  successive  nights.  On  August  gth,  this 
year,  a  fine,  large  specimen  was  found  on  the  wall  beneath  my 
back  porch. 

The  larvae  of  Hjmoptera  edusa,  and  of  some  species  of  Cato- 
cala  vary  but  little  in  appearance,  though  the  former  are  smaller. 
Both  may  be  found  on  willow. 

A  larva  found  on  grass  and  supposed  to  be  Acronycta  obli- 
nita  (a  species  which  I  have  reared  before  on  smartweed)  fed 
heartily  on  "black  heart,"  a  plant  closely  resembling  the  common 
smartweed,  and  produced  a  perfect  imago  of  Arsilonche  hcnricii. 


278  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [November, 

A  larva  of  Plusia  precationis  was  matured  on  lettuce  leaves 
and  changed  to  chrysalis,  without  earth  in  glass. 

On  August  gth  a  pupil  brought  me  a  Katydid  which  is  pink 
in  color,  not  merely  tinged  with  pink,  but  of  a  deep  reddish 
pink,  very  unlike  any  specimen  I  ever  saw.  Are  such  specimens 
common?*  On  the  same  evening  another  insect  of  the  same 
species  but  of  the  usual  color,  except  that  its  "musical  instru- 
ment' was  brown,  repeated  its  notes  again  and  again  for  the 
benefit  of  several  spectators  who  had  never  seen  the  noise  pro- 
duced, when  held  by  the  tips  of  its  wings  and  allowed  to  take 
hold  of  some  object  with  its  feet  and  then  pulled  backward  until 
its  hold  was  loosened,  the  upper  forward  part  of  its  wings  which 
overlapped  produced  the  usual  sound  Ka-ty!  Ka-ty!  very  dis- 
tinctly, and  in  rapid  succession.  It  seems  impossible  that  so 
small  and  simple  an  instrument  should  produce  so  loud  a  sound. 

On  June  2gth  a  Callimorpha  lecontci  was  started  from  the 
grass  in  an  open  spot  in  the  woods  when  a  large  dragonfly  darted 
down,  captured  it,  and  flew  to  a  basswood  leaf  near  by.  On 
another  day  while  looking  for  larvae  a  small  moth  was  started 
when  a  robberfly  immediately  pounced  upon  it.  Several  times 
I  have  noted  the  large  green  and  gold  beetles  on  sugared  trees 
at  night  holding  moths  which  they  had  captured.  Spiders  often 
capture  moths  ;  the  largest  species  I  have  seen  them  take  is 
Hadena  devastatrix. 

A  pair  of  phcebe  birds  frequent  a  tree  in  the  front  yard  and 
watch  for  insects.  One  caught  a  Pieras  rapcc  and  devoured 
it,  then  darted  at  a  Papilio  asterias,  but  was  frightened  away  by 
its  fluttering.  A  cat  one  evening  proved  very  successful  in 
catching  a  specimen  of  Protoparce  celeus.  It  seemed  satisfied, 
however,  to  simply  play  with  its  prisoner. 

In  conclusion,  I  wish  to  make  note  of  two  rather  uncommon 
butterflies.  In  June  last  season  one  Amblyscirtes  samoset  was 
taken,  and  in  same  month  this  year  I  secured  three  more.  On 
July  1 2th,  this  season,  a  Libythea  bachmani  was  seen  ongr.  -- 

near  sidewalk,  but  on  securing  a  net  was  not  able  to  capture  it. 
I  have  only  seen  one  other  specimen  of  this  species  and  captured 
that  at  Farnia,  111.,  in  1892. 

*  A  Katydid  "  of  a  deep  reddish  pink"  was  found  in  the  woods  near  Wood's  Hoil, 
Massachusetts,  on  August  12,  1894,  by  Miss  S.  E.  Ives..  Several  years  ago,  a  similar  speci- 
men was  exhibited  at  a  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Philadelphia  Acad- 
emy.— Eds. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  279 

Relationship  Between  Pyralidina  and  Pterophorina. 

By  GEO.  D.  HULST. 

In  ENT.  NEWS,  September,  1894,  pp.  208-10,  is  an  article  by 
Mr.  J.  W.  Tutt,  F.  E.  S.,  "  On  the  absence  of  relationship  be- 
tween the  Pyralidina  and  Pterophorina."  Upon  the  subject 
matter  I  wish  to  comment.  I  perhaps  ought  not  to  refer  to  per- 
sonal matters,  but  I  suggest  that  it  is  not  argument  to  speak  of 
Prof.  Fernald  as  a  "  would-be  teacher"  and  a  "  propounder  of 
exploded  notions."  Every  specialist  in  Microlepidoptera  the 
world  over,  will  accord  Prof.  Fernald  an  ability  second  to  no 
other,  and  is  aware  that  no  one  is  more  desirous  of  obtaining,  or 
has  made  more  effort  to  get  at  all  facts,  or  is  more  conscientious 
in  his  deciding  upon  their  merits.  But  as  to  classification  I  may 
suggest  that  fretful  scolding  will  not  add  to  our  respect  for  the 
views  certain  ones  place  before  us.  Americans  will  try  to  decide 
upon  a  subject  on  its  merits,  and  will  not  swallow  what  is  offered 
fearing  lest  we  should  be  scolded  or  called  bad  names  (scientifi- 
cally), or  because  it  is  labeled  "from  Europe,"  or  has  the  im- 
print of  the  reigning  scientific  fad  upon  it.  I  have  examined  the 
classification  of  the  Pyralidina  by  Mr.  Meyrick,  and  have  studied 
his  classification  of  the  Geometrina.  I  have  no  hesitancy  in  say- 
ing that  my  decided  conviction  is,  they  are  both  far  in  advance 
of  any  systems  yet  proposed;  more  natural,  more  definite,  much 
more  in  accord  with  the  probabilities  of  evolution,  and  in  every 
way  more  scientific.  That  "  no  lepidopterists  of  repute  in  Britain 
have  accepted  his  classification"  maybe  true,  but  nothing  as  yet 
published  has  suggested  that,  apart  from  him,  Britain  has  any 
"  le'pidopterist  of  repute"  in  the  Pyralidina.  That  Mr.  Meyrick's 
classification  will  be  endorsed  as  the  best  by  every  specialist,  I 
have  no  doubt. 

Mr.  Tutt  criticises  Mr.  Meyrick's  classification,  yet  in  a  foot- 
note, page  209,  indirectly  acknowledges  he  has  not  examined 
this  classification,  which  Prof.  Fernald  follows.  Mr.  Tutt  claims 
that  what  he  calls  the  Pterophorina  and  the  Alucitina  "must  be 
divided  into  two  distinct  families."  That  is  just  what  Mr.  Meyrick 
does,  and  at  some  length  states  his  belief  in  their  wide  divergence. 

"  Orneodidae,"  is  a  name  of  Mr.  Meyrick,  but  it  is  a  name 
predestined  by  circumstances.  Mr.  Tutt  may  for  his  purposes 
or  pleasure  propose  types  for  genera  and  families,  but  as  this  was 


280  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

done  a  century  and  a  quarter  and  more  ago  by  Linnaeus,  Geoffrey 
and  Fabricius,  and  as  science  decrees,  priority  must  determine 
what  these  and  other  men  did  must  be  respected;  hexidactyla  is 
not,  and  cannot  be  the  type  of  Alucita.  The  first  definite  generic 
name  applied  to  it  was  Orneodes,  and  the  family  name  under 
scientific  law  must  be  based  on  that.  Mr.  Meyrick  expresses  his 
regret  that  he  must  use  this  name,  but  he  has  no  choice. 

Mr.  Tutt  demands  that  the  early  stages  of  the  insects  should 
be  regarded  in  classification,  and  suggests,  at  least,  tha*t  the 
' '  would-be  teachers' '  of  America  have  never  done  that,  and  that 
it  was  never  done  till  light  came  from  London.  All  scientists, 
from  the  beginning,  have  recognized  what  is  thus  demanded,  and 
not  one  has  hesitated  to  adopt  what  has  been  shown  to  be  of 
lvalue.  The  fundamental  terms  in  part  show  this;  Geometrina, 
Tortricina,  and  as  well  the  names  of  almost  numberless  genera 
based  upon  some  peculiarity  in  the  earlier  stages.  But  Mr.  Tutt 
gives  the  facts  upon  which  he  bases  his  sneer  at  Americans,  his 
scolding  of  Lepidopterists  in  general,  and  his  own  belief  in  the 
so-called  "  up-to-date  science."  Let  us  look  into  them. 

The  "  Alucitina"  and  "  Pterophorina"  "are  distinct  families, 
and  have  no  affinities."  First.  In  the  "  Alucitina"  the  larva  has 
a  complete  circle  of  hooks  to  ventral  prolegs.  We  are  left  to 
suppose  the  Pterophorina  do  not.  If  so,  of  what  importance  is 
the  difference?  The  ventral  prolegs  are  special  modifications  for 
use  in  an  immature  stage.  At  best  they  correspond  in  character, 
though  not  in  importance,  to  the  similar  organs  in  the  mature 
stage,  such  as  the  tongue,  wings,  etc.  What  is  in  the  mature 
stage  is  comparatively  of  greater  importance,  as  the  organism 
has  reached  its  consummation.  The  presence  or  absence  of  the 
tongue  is  of  more  account  than  the  presence  or  absence  of  the 
ventral  legs  in  the  larva.  But  the  ventral  legs  are  modifications 
of  the  integument  only,  entirely  thrown  off  with  the  stage  in 
which  they  exist,  and  correspond  exactly  to  other  special  organs 

as  the  modification  of  the  end  of  the  body  into  a  horn,  or  the 
hind  legs  into  scent  organs  and  whips  for  defence  against  enemies. 
The  tongue  and  wings  have  an  existence  through  two  stages,  the 
pupal  and  the  imaginal,  and  are  not  parts  of  the  integument,  but 
of  the  skeleton  and  the  internal  systems.  They  are  far  more 
essential,  far  more  individual,  and  necessarily  far  more  distinctive 
and  important  in  classification.  At  most  the  differences  suggested 
would  warrant  generic  separation. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  28l 

Second.  Thefiupa  of  the  ' '  Alucitina' '  "is  smooth  and  rounded, 
laterally  solid,  inner  dissepiments  flimsy."  In  the  "  Pteropho- 
rina"  the  pupa  "  is  less  solid  and  rounded,  appendages  often  par- 
tially free."  I  submit  we  must  have  something  more  definite 
than  this  for  even  specific  separation  !  "  Less"  and  "  often"  are 
not  scientific  distinctions. 

Third.  In  the  Pterophorina  the  pupa  "is  attached  by  a  cre- 
master. "  We  are  not  told  concerning  the  "Alucitina,"  but  if 
they  have  it  not,  the  remarks  under  first  item  above  apply.  The 
same  method  in  the  Geometrina  would  separate  as  distinct  fami- 
lies Anisopteryx  pometaria  Harr.  and  Paleacrita  vernata  Peck., 
as  the  imago  in  the  latter  has  a  circle  of  hooks  on  each  abdominal 


segment. 


Fourth.  '  Dehiscence  from  the  pupa  in  one  case  is  regular,  in 
the  other  irregular."  Surely  one  is  hard  run  for  facts  to  use  this 
as  a  basis  for  family  separation  ! 

Fifth.  Finally,  in  the  "Alucitina"  the  free  segments  in  both 
sexes  are  the  fifth  and  sixth  abdominal.  In  the  Pterophorina  free 
segments  may  extend  upwards  to  the  third  abdominal;  the  jth 
abdominal  segment  is  always  free  in  the  male,  fixed  in  the  female." 
That  is,  the  Pterophorina  have  more  free  abdominal  segments  in 
the  pupa.  This  is  uncertain,  however,  as  it  is  guarded  by  a  "may," 
although  there  is  a  sharp  distinction  in  the  yth  segment.  The 
declaration  is,  there  is  more  difference  between  the  two  sexes  of 
one  family  than  between  the  two  families,  or  to  put  it  another 
way,  a  difference  which  is  variable  and  uncertain,  is  made  a  basis 
for  family  distinction,  while  a  wider  permanent  difference  is  ac- 
knowledged to  be  a  secondary  sexual  character  in  an  immature 
stage. 

We  Americans  are  ready  to  take  anything  of  any  stage  of  ex- 
istence as  assisting  in  classification.  We  are  willing  to  take  any- 
thing— artificial,  Darwinian,  or  biological.  We  are  willing  to  use 
any  light  of  any  kind  we  can  find,  but  we  are  still  waiting  for 
light. 


TRANSACTIONS  of  the  American  Entomological  Society,  vol.  xxi,  No. 
4,  now  in  press,  will  contain  a  "Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  common  to 
North  America,  northern  Asia  and  Europe,  with  distribution  and  bibliog- 
raphy, second  edition,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D." 


.282  [November, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
'publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  It  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

*  ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  $1.2O. 

ggg"1  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  NOVEMBER,   1894. 

AN  EXPERIENCE. 

SOME  time  ago  a  very  talkative  and  plausible  young  man  came  to  Phila- 
delphia from  New  York  (or  that  vicinity)  in  quest  of  money  to  aid  him  in 
an  entomological  trip  to  somewhere.  He  found  it  (the  money)  in  goodly 
quantity,  to  our  sorrow.  It  has  been  intmated  that  he  went  to  Florida, 
and  as  far  as  anything  having  materialized  goes,  we  are  led  to  believe  that 
there  are  no  insects  in  that  country.  The  whole  thing  was  a  swindle,  and 
it  is  a  question  whether  any  one  should  consent  to  buy  a  "pig  in  a  poke" 
as  it  is  entirely  an  "  unbusinesslike"  proposition.  We  have  learned  wis- 
dom by  experience,  and  the  next  fellow  that  comes  along  will  have  trou- 
ble in  "  raising  the  wind."  We  have  never  known  of  any  adequate  return 
for  money  expended  in  advance  for  expeditions,  etc.,  as  far  as  entomo- 
logical specimens  are  concerned.  Some  of  our  New  York  friends  were 
also  losers  by  this  same  party,  and  perhaps  also  some  Washington  ento- 
mologists. Our  foolish  confidence  will  doubtless  serve  as  a  warning  to 
our  friends  not  to  pay  for  things  in  advance,  especially  insects.  Was  our 
money  stolen  ? 

Bergrothia  steelii  was  found  in  some  numbers  this  month  (September) 
on  Larrea  near  the  N.  Mexico  Agricultural  College.  Some  further  consid- 
eration of  the  evidence  leads  me  to  think  that  it  may  be  more  correct  to 
write  it  B.  townsendi  var.  steelii,  after  all.  The  exact  specific  value  of 
such  forms  is  very  hard  to  determine,  so  that  much  room  is  left  for  indi- 
vidual differences  of  opinion.  Probably  most  satisfactory  results  will  be 
obtained  by  experimental  methods— transferring  doubtful  forms  from  one 
plant  or  locality  to  another. — T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  283 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.f  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

New  method  of  destroying  Caterpillars.— My  attention  has  been  called  to 
a  new  remedy  for  noxious  caterpillars,  at  least  for  caterpillars  of  Phry- 
ganidia  californica  Pack.,  and  I  want  to  make  known  this  remedy  to 
economic  entomologists,  that  they  in  turn  may  commend  it  to  "anxious 
inquirers."  During  this  month,  (September)  much  injury  to  live  oak  trees 
on  the  Palo  Alto  estate,  and  in  the  village  of  Palo  Alto  has  been  done  by 
the  larvae  of  Phryganidia.  The  caterpillars  are  at  present  in  force  on  the 
grounds  surrounding  President  Jordan's  residence  near  the  university 
but  are  being  reduced  in  numbers  by  the  enthusiastic  endeavors  of  Dr. 
Jordan's  pet  monkey  "Bob"  to  eat  them  all.  Bob  is  aided  in  his  praise- 
worthy work  by  "Little  Monk,"  a  dilapidated  and  stub-tailed  cousin  of 
diminutive  size,  but  glorious  appetite,  and  by  "New  Monk,  "  a  serious 
looking  recent  importation  from  Java.  A  sight  of  Little  Monk  in  his 
capacity  as  remedy  for  noxious  caterpillars,  would  convince  the  most 
fogyish  adherent  of  old-time  Paris-green  and  pyre'thrum  methods  that 
money  spent  for  spraying  machines,  while  monkeys  are  in  the  market,  is 
foolish  expenditure.  Little  Monk  seated  at  the  base  of  a  live  oak's  trunk 
gathers  in  with  steady  rhythmic  motion  the  luckless  yellow-backed 
crawlers  and  crams  them  into  his  mouth,  which  is  working  with  similar 
clockwork  regularity  and  with  absolute  certitude  of  effects.  He  gradually 
moves  round  the  trunk  ;  he  explores  the  grass-covered  ground  beneath 
the  spreading  branches  of  the  tree  and  with  the  keenness  of  an  Ichneumon 
and  the  rapacity  of  a  Vedalia,  he  discovers  and  destroys  the  Phryganidian 
hosts.  With  a  natural  taste  for  climbing  and  with  this  peculiar  taste, 
perhaps  recently  acquired,  for  caterpillars,  what  a  frolic  and  feast  awaits 
Little  Monk.  When  he  shall  visit  the  doomed  Phryganidians  on  their 
native  heaths,  /.  e.,  in  the  live  oak's  dense  tops.  In  the  short  time  in  which 
I  watched  Little  Monk  and  Bob  posing  as  remedy  for  caterpillars  they  ate 
hundreds  of  the  worms  ;  and  in  the  case  of  neither  was  there  apparent  any 
abatement  of  zeal  or  appetite.  When  the  monkey  trio  are  not  figuring  as 
remedy  they  afford  rare  diversion  for  the  house-hold  and  guests  of  their 
owner,  which  is  another  point  of  advantage  which  this  new  weapon  of  the 
economic  entomologist  has  over  a  can  of  Paris-green  or  a  knapsack 
sprayer.  On  the  whole,  Bob  and  Little  Monk  and  the  serious-faced  im- 
portation from  Java  as  house-hold  pets,  evolutionary  problems  and  insect 
eradicators  seem  to  be  very  worthy  of  that  widening  of  their  fame,  it  is 
hoped  the  publishing  of  this  note  may  give  them. — VEKNON  L.  KELLOGG. 

The  above  experience  reminds  me  of  a  story  told  by  Prof.  Fernald  of 
his  experience  in  one  of  the  zoological  gardens  of  Europe,  I  forget  exactly 
in  which  city.  The  trees  were  very  badly  infested  by  the  "Nonne"  cater- 
pillars, and,  if  I  recollect  it  aright,  some  of  the  visitors  were  feeding  the 


284  ENTOMOLOGICAL  'NEWS.  [November, 

monkeys  with  these  caterpillars.  Prof.  Fernald  suggested  to  the  keeper, 
as  a  joke  be  it  understood,  that  it  would  be  a  good  plan  to  send  the  mon- 
keys into  the  trees  to  clear  off  the  caterpillars.  An  American  joke  being 
entirely  beyond  the  comprehension  of  the  keeper  he  went  to  a  great  deal  of 
trouble  to  state  the  argument  against  the  possibility  of  any  such  a  proceed- 
ing; but  after  all  Prof.  Fernald's  suggestion  was  a  great  deal  better  than  he 
supposed  at  the  time,  and  possibly  instead  of  importing  parasitic  and  pre- 
daceous  insects  to  assist  us  in  destroying  the  injurious  species  it  might  be 
desirable  to  import  a  troop  of  monkeys  for  that  purpose.  The  matter  is 
repectfully  suggested  to  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture  for  preyful 
consideration. 

Cranberry  Insects.— In  a  recent  issue  from  the  Office  of  Experiment 
Stations  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture,  in  Washington,  under 
the  head  of  "Farmer's  Bulletin,"  we  have  a  treatise  on  Cranberry  Culture 
in  which  cranberry  insects  are  incidentally  treated.  Ordinarily,  it  is  possi- 
ble to  praise,  unreservedly,  whatever  publications  come  from  the  U.  S. 
Department  of  Agriculture;  but  in  this  instance  we  have  a  Bulletin  written 
by  a  man  who  has  not  the  slightest  idea  of  the  present  status  of  cranberry 
culture  who  describes  methods  of  growing  them  in  use  twenty  years  ago, 
when  cranberry  culture  was  in  its  infancy,  and  who  gravely  recommends 
procedures  and  selections  of  soil  which  experience  has  proved  to  be  abso- 
lutely wrong.  The  whole  paper  is  a  compilation  and  professedly  so;  but  it  is 
a  compilation  made  up  of  antiquated  sources  in  most  instances,  and  with- 
out any  information  at  all  as  to  what  has  been  learnt  in  recent  years  by 
hard-bought  experience  and  by  study,  in  Massachusetts  and  New  Jersey. 
So  far  as  the  entomological  portion  of  the  treatise  is  concerned,  it  is  not 
absolutely  wrong  ;  yet  it  is  not  sufficient  as  a  guide  to  any  cranberry 
grower.  It  is  a  pity  that  it  is  possible  to  receive  from  the  U.  S.  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture  a  publication  of  the  description  of  this  Bulletin  on 
cranberry  growing  and  cranberry  insects.  It  throws  discredit  upon  the 
entire  series  of  "Farmer's  Bulletins,"  and  the  question  at  once  arises  in 
the  mind  of  a  cranberry  grower  who  receives  this  Bulletin  : — is  all  the 
work  done  on  these  Bulletins  of  the  same  character  as  this  upon  the  cran- 
berry and  cranberry  insects  ;  If  so,  what  is  the  use  of  these  compiled 
"Farmer's  Bulletins?" 

The  Codling  Moth. — Nothing  would  seem  to  be  more  settled  in  the  dp- 
main  of  economic  entomology  than  that  there  are  two  broods,  annually, 
of  this  insect.  Everybody  who  has  written  on  the  Codling  moth,  includ- 
ing myself,  has  stated  positively,  either  from  actual  observation  or  follow- 
ing those  who  have  actually  observed,  that  there  were  two  and  some- 
times three  broods.  To  throw  doubt  upon  the  correctness  of  this  state- 
ment seems  almost  like  heresy,  and  I  do  not  mean  to  suggest  that  two 
broods  in  the  Middle  States  is  not  a  rule.  But  that  it  is  a  rule  without 
many  exceptions  I  am  inclined  to  doubt  from  the  result  of  some  experi- 
ments and  observations  that  I  have  made  in  the  course  of  the  past  three 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  285 

years.  Some  three  Summers  ago  I  was  arranging  a  box  of  apple  tree  in- 
sects and  found  that  I  was  short  of  specimens  of  the  Codling  moth  in  all 
stages.  It  was  then  early  Summer,  and  I  knew  that  I  could  get  an  abund- 
ance of  the  larva;  from  the  less  than  half-grown  fruit  in  almost  any  orchard 
that  I  chose  to  visit,  and  I  believed  that  in  the  course  of  a  very  few  weeks 
thereafter  I  would  have  as  many  moths  and  chrysalids  as  I  chose  to  take 
the  trouble  to  raise.  Accordingly,  on  the  first  suitable  occasion  I  filled 
my  satchel  with  infested  apples,  and  an  alcohol  bottle  with  a  lot  of  full- 
grown,  or  nearly  full-grown  larva;.  The  apples  were  distributed  in  breeding- 
jars  and  were  left.  In  a  very  few  days  the  caterpillars  began  to  leave  them 
and  to  spin  up  on  the  sides  of  the  cages  and  against  the  cloth  covering  of 
the  tops.  I  waited  patiently  for  the  pupse  and  continued  to  wait  for  the 
balance  of  the  season  ;  but  none  of  the  caterpillars,  and  there  must  have 
been  forty  or  fifty  of  them  that  had  spun  cocoons,  showed  the  slightest 
disposition  to  change  to  pupse  in  the  thin  cocoons  which  they  had  spun. 
They  rested  quietly  in  the  larval  stage  throughout  that  entire  Summer,  and 
well  along  in  the  Winter  without  changing,  and  then,  as  I  needed  the 
cages  for  other  purposes,  I  threw  them  all  out,  saving  some  of  the  cocoons 
merely.  Next  Spring  I  found  no  difficulty  in  supplying  myself  with  pupae 
from  beneath  the  loose  bark  of  trees  in  the  orchards,  and  in  due  time  got  a 
supply  of  moths.  I  was  curious,  however,  to  know  whether  my  experi- 
ence during  the  Summer  previous  had  been  accidental  or  whether  there 
was  anything  like  a  rule  in  the  matter,  and  again,  before  mid-Summer,  I 
gathered  a  supply  of  infested  fruit,  disposed  of  it  as  before,  and  had  ex- 
actly the  same  experience  repeated.  Not  one  of  the  larvae  pupated  during 
the  Summer  and  not  a  single  moth  was  bred.  Again  during  the  Summer 
just  past  I  tried  the  same  experiment.  In  June  I  gathered  a  lot  of  infested 
apples  and  from  these  the  larvae,  full-grown,  came  out  early  in  July,  spun 
up  against  the  sides  and  top  of  the  jar,  and  there  they  still  remain  at  the 
present  time,  October  8th,  living,  apparently  just  as  large  as  they  were  in 
the  beginning,  and  without  any  sign  of  any  intention  to  pupate.  I  have 
not  felt  like  calling  attention  to  this  matter  before,  because  it  seemed  ab- 
surd to  suggest  that  there  are  not  two  broods  of  this  insect.  Every  ob- 
server, without  exception,  who  has  recorded  his  personal  experience,  has 
spoken  of  two  broods.  Prof.  Riley,  in  his  Missouri  Reports,  gives  definite 
dates  for  the  appearance  of  the  second  brood  of  larvae  and  of  the  moths. 
I  have  myself  very  frequently  found  infested  fruit  long  after  mid-Summer; 
and  wormy  apples  in  September  and  October  are  too  common  to  be 
worthy  even  of  notice.  But,  on  consideration,  is  it  not  rather  surprising 
that  the  apples  that  mature  in  September  and  October  are  not  very  much 
more  infested  than  they  really  are  ?  Any  one  who  has  spent  any  time  in 
orchards  will  remember  what  a  very  great  number  of  wormy  apples  lit- 
can  find  late  in  June  and  during  the  early  part  of  July.  In  unsprayecl 
orchards  it  seems  as  if  anywhere  from  75  per  cent,  to  90  per  cent,  of  the 
apples  were  wormy  ;  but  in  that  same  orchard  before  the  apples  mature 
in  September,  wormy  apples  are  comparatively  scarce.  That  is,  scarce 


286  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

compared  with  the  very  large  number  which  seem  to  be  infested  earlier 
in  the  season.  Is  it  not,  perhaps,  possible  that  we  have  only  a  practical 
second  brood  of  this  insect?  I  have  raised  the  question  here  and  now,  in 
order  to  bring  out,  if  possible,  any  confirmatory  or  opposite  experience 
that  any  of  the  readers  of  the  NEWS  may  have  to  offer.  I  do  not  mean  to 
cast  doubt  upon  the  existence  of  a  second  brood  of  Codling  moth.  My 
question  is,  are  there  not  exceptions  to  this  rule,  and  are  not  the  exceptions 
perhaps  more  numerous  than  the  rule  itself?  Observations,  if  positive 
on  both  sides  of  this  question,  would  be  extremely  useful. 


Notes  and  Ne\vs. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF  THE  GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfei- 
ence,  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy"  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


HER  CURIOUS  CALLING. — In  Paris  some  time  ago  the  inhabitants  of  a 
certain  street  were  attacked  by  an  inexplicable  irritation  of  the  skin.  All 
up  and  down  the  street  people  were  scratching  themselves  from  morning 
till  night. .  This  sort  of  thing  continued  till  all  the  dwellers  in  that  locality 
looked  like  lepers.  Finally  the  authorities  investigated  the  matter,  and 
found  that  the  doings  of  a  certain  female  resident  in  that  quarter  were  the 
cause  of  all  the  trouble.  She  was  a  breeder  of  ants,  or  more  strictly,  a 
raiser  of  ants'  eggs  for  the  fattening  of  young  pheasants.  She  wort-  a 
close-fitting  suit  of  leather  to  protect  herself.  She  was  compelled  to 
transport  her  establishment  out  of  the  city. — Philadelphia  Record. 

PHOTOPSIS  is  NOCTURNAL. — I  have  to-day  learned  from  Mr.  Fox,  much 
to  my  surprise,  that  Hymenopterists  are  not  aware  that  Photopsis  is  noc- 
turnal in  its  habits;  whereas  the  allied  Mutillid  genus,  Sphcerophthalina, 
is  strictly  diurnal.  In  all  my  collecting  in  New  Mexico  and  Colorado,  I 
never  remember  catching  a  Photopsis  by  day  (except,  indeed,  specimens 
drowned  in  a  horse  trough  at  the  New  Mexico  Agricultural  College,  and 
what  I  believe  to  be  a  $  Photopsis  under  a  box  at  Santa  Fe),  whciv.is 
they  everywhere  come  in  great  abundance  to  lights  at  night.  Of  course, 
the  presumably  apterous  $  cannot  fly  to  the  lights,  and  this  is  doubtless 
the  reason  why  they  are  not  found.  Sphccroplitlialnia  has  very  diftervnt 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  287 

habits,  running  and  flying  in  sandy  places  during  the  hottest  part  of  the 
day;  nci-er  coming  to  lights  at  night. — T.  D.  A.  COCKKRELL,  N.  Mexico 
Agricultural  Experiment  Station. 

1  NOTICE  in  vol.  v,  No.  8,  of  October,  1894,  that  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Economic  Entomologists  held  in  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  October  i4th  and  J5th, 
that  "  Mr.  South  wick  presented  a  note  on  the  Wood  Leopard  Moth  in  the 
parks  of  New  York  City."  He  also  advocates  the  use  of  the  electric 
lights  to  attract  the  moths.  Now,  this  is  the  point  I  wish  to  call  your  at- 
tention to.  At  the  beginning  of  April,  this  year,  I  called  upon  Mr.  Squire, 
the  Commissioner  of  Parks  in  Brooklyn,  and  I  was  telling  him  about  the 
deplorable  condition  of  the  trees  in  Brooklyn  and  New  York  from  the 
'/.en zero,  pyrina.  He  then  asked  me  what  remedy  I  proposed  to  help 
keep  the  pest  down,  and  I  then  told  him  that  if  the  city  would  erect  elec- 
tric lights  all  over  the  wooded  part  of  Prospect  Park  that  they  would  act 
as  i  "  trap"  for  this  pest.  I  have  seen  from  three  year's  constant  visits  to 
Prospect  Park  (close  to  which  I  lived  at  that  time)  that  the  few-  electric 
lights  that  they  have  there  would  be  filled,  "as  it  were,"  in  the  morning 
in  the  season  when  the  moth  emerges.  This,  undoubtedly  in  my  mind, 
is  one  of  the  very  best,  and  one  of  the  cheapest  methods  of  destruction 
to  this  moth,  as  it  is  very  partial  to  a  bright  light.  I  have  a  "  trap,"  also, 
which  can  be  used  for  catching  the  males,  and  as  the  insect  in  question  is 
a  borer,  the  manner  of  reaching  it  for  destruction  is  very  limited,  but  the 
electric  light  is  a  sure  and  valuable  way,  and  it  should  not  be  left  too  long 
or  they  will  find  that  every  valuable  tree  in  New  York  and  Brooklyn  will 
be  beyond  help,  and  then  there  will  be  a  lament  that  it  had  not  been  at- 
tended to  at  the  right  time.  Now  is  the  right  time,  this  has  been  going 
on  to  my  knowledge  in  the  parks  of  New  York  and  Brooklyn  since  1878, 
for  I  took  the  imagoes  then,  and  know  what  it  was,  having  seen  it  in  Eu- 
rope. So,  if  we  can  get  our  scientific  papers  to  hammer  away  they  will 
possibly  do  something  to  help  our  cities  keep  some  of  the  trees,  which 
are,  and  should  be,  one  of  the  most  pleasing  sights  to  a  people  who  con- 
tinuously remain  within  its  limits. — H.  G.  WHITE. 

MONONVCHUS  vru'EcuiA's  Fab.  AND  ITS  PARASITES. — This  Curculi- 
onide  was  taken  abundantly  at  Sparrow  Lake,  Ontario,  from  June  2oth 
to  27th,  on  flowers  of  Iris  versicolor,  in  the  young  seed  pods  of  which  it 
\\.is  ovipositing.  These  pods  are  triangular,  many  of  them  more  than 
four  inches  in  length  and  half  an  inch  in  width,  containing  at  each  angle 
a  geminate  row  of  large,  compressed,  closely-packed  seeds,  each  one  of 
which  contains  enough  of  nutriment  for  the  sustenance  of  one  larva, 
though  many  feed  on  two  contiguous  seeds.  Many  of  the  pods  have 
uly  all  the  grains  infested.  The  parent  beetle  perforates  the  pod  on 
the  side  of  the  angle  with  her  beak  and  turning  round  inserts  an  egg  into 
the  puncture,  and  so  proceeds  along  the  pod  at  short  intervals.  The 
larva  has  the  general  appearance  of  that  of  a  lialanitms,  and  transforms 
within  the  shell  of  the  seed  on  which  it  has  fed  without  spinning  a  cocoon; 


288  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

it  seems  to  attain  its  growth  in  from  four  to  five  weeks,  while  it  remains 
a  pupa  perhaps  seven  or  eight  days.  As  the  seed  capsule  is  dehiscent 
when  ripe  the  beetle  probably  remains  within  till  that  occurs. 

Comparatively  few  of  the  larvae,  however,  reach  maturity,  perhaps  not 
over  one  in  one  hundred,  the  undue  multiplication  of  the  species  being 
kept  in  check  by  two  relentless  Hymenopterous  parasites  kindly  deter- 
mined by  Mr.  E.  T.  Cresson  as  Pimp  I  a  (Ichneumon]  inquisitor  Say,  and 
P.  pterelas  Say  (Lee.  ed.  i,  375-376).  These  insects  are  possessed  of  very 
long  ovipositing  organs  with  which  their  eggs  are  conveyed  within  the 
pod,  though  the  operation- was  not  seen.  This  probably  occurs  several 
days  after  the  oviposition  of  the  vulpecnlus,  so  that  its  larvae  may  have 
time  for  growth  previous  to  the  attack  of  that  of  the  Pimpla.  When  the 
Pimpla  larva  finds  that  of  the  viilpeciilns  it  attaches  itself  to  it  by  mouth 
and  retains  its  hold  with  great  tenacity,  considerable  force  being  required 
to  separate  them.  The  vitlpecuhis  larva  soon  dies,  and  the  other  fattens 
rapidly  on  its  decomposing  juices;  in  case  one  is  not  sufficient  for  its  full 
growth  it  attacks  another,  and  perhaps  another,  till  maturity  is  attained. 
This  happens  when  a  small  parasite  attacks  a  small  host,  but  in  case  the 
host  is  full  grown,  one  is  sufficient.  The  larvae  of  these  Pimplas  likewise 
feed  on  one  another,  as  several  times  I  have  seen  one  attached  to  a  vnt- 
peculus  larva  and  another  to  this.  As  soon  as  the  Pimpla  larva  is  full 
fed  it  pupates,  without  spinning  a  cocoon,  and  the  perfect  insect  escapes 
by  gnawing  a  hole  through  the  side  of  the  capsule.  The  time  of  devel- 
ment  from  egg  to  imago  can  scarcely  exceed  twenty  days. — J.  HAMILTON. 


Identification  of  Insects  (Imagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions  :  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  property  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 


i.  REPORT  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  DEPARTMENT  of  the  New  Jersey 
Agricultural  College  Experiment  Station,  by  John  B.  Smith,  Sc.  D.,  for 
the  year  1893.  Trenton,  N.  J.,  1894.  Extract  from  N.  J.  Agr.  Coll.  Exp. 
Station  Report  1893,  pp.  437-603,  197  figs.  Prof.  Smith  is  so  well  and 
favorably  known  for  his  work  on  these  lines,  that  it  would  be  presumptuous 
on  our  part  to  attempt  anything  in  the  way  of  reviewing  the  above  cited 
Report  other  than  to  refer  it  to  the  honored  and  esteemed  editor  of  the 
Department  of  Economic  Entomology  of  the  NEWS  for  his  critical  opinion. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  289 

2.  BULLETIN  OF  THE  AMERICAN  MUSEUM  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY,  vi, 
pp.  249-272.     New  York,  September,  1894. — Notes  on  some  species  of 
North  American  Orthoptera,  with  descriptions  of  new  species,  W.  Beu- 
tenmuller.      Descriptive  catalogue  of  the  Orthoptera  found  within  fifty 
miles  of  New  York,  id. 

3.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  COLUMBUS  [OHIO]   HORTICULTURAL  SOCIETY. 
April,  1894. — Vegetal  parasitism  among  insects,  F.  M.  Webster,  figs. 

4.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  NATURAL  SCIENCE  ASSOCIATION  OF  STATEN 
ISLAND,  iv,  6.     April  14,  1894. — Notes  on  Bryaxis  abdominalis  Aube,  C. 
W.  Leng.     Seventeen-year  locust  pupae,  W.  T.  Davis. — iv,  9,  September 
8th.     The  seventeen-year  locust  on  Staten  Island  in  1894. 

5.  VERHANDLUNGEN  DER  K.  K.  ZOOLOGISCHE-BOTANISCHEN  GESELLS- 
CHAFT  IN  WIEN,  xliv,  i.     March,  1894.— On  the  tracheal  system  of  Lo- 
custa  I'iridissima,  Dr.  V.  Nietsch,  i  pi.     Contributions  to  the  Diplopod 
fauna  of  Tyrol,  Dr.  C.  Yerhoeff,  figs.,  i  pi. — 2,  July,  1894.     On  the  larva 
of  Ogcodes,  A.  Konig.     Addition  to  his  paper  on  the  tracheal  system  of 
Locusta  viridissima,  Dr.  Y '.  Nietsch.     Contributions  to  the  anatomy  and 
classification  of  the  Julidae,  Dr.  C.  Yerhoeff,  figs.,  2  pis. 

6.  DEUTSCHE  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  ZEITSCHRIFT,  1894,  heft  2.     Berlin, 
August,  1894. — To  the  knowledge  of  the  comparative  morphology  of  the 
abdomen  of  female  Coleoptera,  Dr.  C.  Verhoeff,  i  fig.     Contributions  to 
the  knowledge  of  the  Dasytinae,  J.  Schilsky.     On  Orina  and  Liophloeus, 
J.  Weise.     The  myrmecophilous  fauna  of  Rheinland,  E.  Wasmann.     On 
the  life-history  and  development  of  Atemeles  pubicollis,  etc.,  id.     In  re- 
membrance of  Prof.  Hermann  Hagen  (with  portrait),  Dr.  G.  v.  Seidlitz. 

7.  ZOOLOGISCHER  ANZEiGER.     Leipsic,  Sept.  10,  1894.     To  the  know- 
ledge of  the  copulatory  organs  of  the  Julidae,  etc..  Dr.  C.  Yerhoeff.    Sep- 
tember 24th. — Remarks  on  A.  Berlese's  arrangement  of  the  Julidae,  id. 

8.  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  MANCHESTER  GEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  pt. 
xxi,  vol.  xxii,  1894. — The  Carboniferous  insects  of  Commentry,  France, 
M.  Stirrup. 

9.  THE  FlNTomoLOGiST's  RECORD.    London,  Sept.  15,  1894.— Obituary 
—William  Machin,  J.  W.  Tutt.     The  life-history  of  a  Lepidopterous  in- 
sect, etc.,  chap,  iv,  id. 

ro.  LE  NATURALISTE.     Paris,  Sept.  15,  1894. — Mushroom-raising  ants, 
J.  Constantin,  figs. 

11.  COMPTE  RENDU.   L'ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.      Paris,  Sept.    u>, 
j  894. — On  the  Diptera  destructive  to  cereals  observed  at  the  entomological 
station  of  Paris  in  1894,  P.  Material. 

12.  GARDEN  AND  FOREST.     Ne\\  York,  Aug.  29,  1894. — The  San  Jose" 
scale,  J.  B.  Smith,  fig. 


290  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [November, 

13.  BULLETIN  DES  SEANCES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  NATIONALE  D'AGKICUL- 
TURE  DE  FRANCE,  liv,  6.     Paris,  iS^.—Cecidouiyia  destructor,  M.  La- 
boulbene  et  al. 

14.  BULLETIN  DE  LA  SOCIETE  PHILOMATHIQUE  DE  PARIS  (S),  vi,   2, 
1894. — Salivary  glands  of  the  Hymenoptera  of  the  family  Mellinidse,  M. 
Bordas. 

15.  PSYCHE.    Cambridge,  Mass.,  August,  1894. — Received  Oct.  2,  1894. 
Notes  on  the  Acrididae  of  New  England— i,  A.  P.  Morse,  i  pi.    Polygamy 
of  moths,  G.  C.  Soule,  I.  M.  Eliot. 

16.  LEPIDOPTERA  INDICA  by  F.   Moore,  F.  Z.  S.     Part  xviii,  London, 
1894.     Vol.  ii,  pp.  137-160,  pis.  131-138,  Satyrinae. 

17.  L'EMBRYOLOGIE  COMPAREE  par  le  Dr.   Louis  Roule.      Paris,   C. 
Reimvald  &  Cie.,  1894.     Pp.  xxvi,  1162,  1014  figs.     Arthropods  pp.  452- 
599,  Onychophora  pp.  609-629. 

18.  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx,   14-15.     Berlin,  July,  1894. 
—Some  new  African  butterflies  of  the  families  Nymphalidae,  Acraeida=-T 
Danaidae  and  Satyridae,  Dr.  F.  Karsch,  figs. 

19.  SociETAsENTOMOLOGiCA.    Zurich-Hottingen,  Aug.  i ,  1894.   Breed- 
ing experiments  [on  food],  E.  Hein.    Noteworthy  foot-formations  in  Hy- 
menoptera, Dr.  Rudow. 

20.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  October,  1894. — A  variety  of  Va- 
nessa cardui,  F.  W.  Frohawk,  fig.     Charteas  graminis  in  southern  Scot- 
land, R.  Service.     The  North  American  Noctuidae  of  the  genus  Ingura, 
A.  G.  Butler.     Some  inmates  of  a  decayed  cherry  tree,  C.  J.  Watkins. 
Life-history  of  Vanessa  c-album  (cont.),  F.  W.  Frohawk.     The  vertical 
distribution  of  Picris  rapes,  H.  W.  Bath. 

21.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.     London,  October, 
1894. — The  British  species  of  the  genus  Psyche  and  its  allies,  C.  G.  Bar- 
rett.    The  Chigoe  in  Asia,  W.  F.  H.  Blandford.     Observations  on  Coc- 
cidae,  No.  10,  R.  Newstead,  figs. 

22.  CANADIAN  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  Out.,  October,  1894.— Sixth 
annual  meeting  of  the  Association  of  Economic  Entomologists — abstract 
of  proceedings  by  the  acting  secretary  [C.  L.  Marlatt].     Sexual  charac- 
ters in  Scolytidae,  A.  D.   Hopkins.     Platysamia  Columbia,  }.  A.  Moftat. 
Further  notes  on  scale-insects  (Coccidae),  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.    Kentucky 
butterflies,  H.  H.  Warner.     A  few  remarkable  variations  in  Lepidoptera, 
G.  A.  Ehrmann.     Partial  preparatory  stages  of  Hemileuca  californica 
Wright,  G.  H.  French.     Notes  from  my  diary,  Quebec,  1893  [Lepidop- 
tera], A.  W.  Hanham.     Insects  at  light,  G.  L.  Lee.     Attacus promethea> 
}.  A.  Field. 

23.  INSECT  LIFE.    Washington,  D.  C.,  vi,  5.    September,  1894.— Bees, 
C.  V.  Riley,  figs.     The  San  Jose",  or  pernicious  scale  (Aspidiotus  pemici- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  29! 

osus  Comst.),  C.  V.  Rileyand  L.  O.  Howard,  figs.  Completed  life-history 
of  the  sugar-beet  web-worm  (Loxostege  sticticalis  L.),  L.  O.  Howard, 
figs.  Numerous  short  notes. 

24.  ON  THE  LARV/E  of  Lucidota,  Sinoxylon  and  Spermophagus,  H.  F. 
Wickham.    Whence?    The  separate  copy  of  this  paper,  which  is  the  only 
one  we  have  seen,  bears  not  the  slightest  indication  of  the  place  and  date 
of  publication. 

25.  THE  TRANSACTIONS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SOCIETY  OF  LON- 
DON, 1894,  part  iii.    September,  1894. — Temperature  experiments  in  1893 
on  several  species  of  Vanessa  and  other  Lepidoptera,  F.  Merrifield.     Mr. 
Merrifield's  experiments  in  temperature-variation  as  bearing  on  theories 
of  heredity,  Dr.  F.  A.  Dixey. 


INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  *  denotes  new 
North  American  forms. 


THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Smith  i,  Webster  3,  v.  Seidlitz  6,  Stirrup  8,  Tutt  9,  Roule  17,  Hein  19, 
Watkins  20,  Marlatt  22,  Dixey  25. 

MYRIAPODA. 

Verhoeff  5  (two),  7  (two). 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Beutenmiiller  2*  (two)  Nietsch  5  (two),  Morse  15. 

HEMIPTERA. 
Davis  4  (two),  Smith  12,  Newstead  21,  Cockerell  22*,  Riley  and  Howard 

23- 

COLEOPTERA. 

Leng  4,  Verhoeff  6,  Schilsky  6,  Weise  6,  Wasmann  6,  Hopkins  22, 
Wickham  24. 

DIPTERA. 
Konig  5,  Marchal  n,  Laboulbene  13,  Blandford  21. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Tutt  9,  Soule  15,  Eliot  15,  Moore  16,  Karsch  18,  Hein  19,  Frohawk  20 
(two),  Service  20,  Butler  20,  Bath  20,  Barrett  21,  Moffat  22,  Warner  22, 
Ehrmann  22,  French  22,  Hanham  22,  Field  22,  Lee  22,  Howard  23,  Mer- 
rifield 25,  Dixey  25. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Wasmann  6,  Constantin  10,  Bordas  14,  Rudow  19,  Riley  23. 


292  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [November, 

The  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


SEPTEMBER  27,   1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  Race 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  G.  H.  Horn,  Director,  presiding.  Members 
present:  Calvert,  G.  B.  Cresson,  Laurent,  Johnson  and  Skinner.  Asso- 
ciates: Boerner  and  Reinick.  Mr.  Laurent  exhibited  two  species  of 
Pamphila  taken  at  Mt.  Airy,  Pa.  The  species  were  oca/a  and  phylceus; 
the  speaker  said  they  were  very  rare,  although  they  had  previously  been 
taken  about  Philadelphia.  Mr.  Laurent  also  stated  that  Crioceris  i2-punc- 
tatus  Linn.,  which  is  one  of  this  country's  acquisitions  to  its  Coleopterous 
fauna,  was  introduced  from  the  other  side  of  the  Atlantic.  It  was  discov- 
ered in  our  country  by  Prof.  Otto  Lugger,  near  Baltimore,  Md.,  some 
ten  years  ago.  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith  found  it  in  Salem  County,  N.  J.,  in  May, 
1892.  In  the  next  two  years  it  distributed  itself  over  the  greater  portion 
of  the  southern  half  of  New  Jersey  and  has  now  gained  a  foothold  in 
Pennsylvania,  as  specimens  were  captured  by  the  speaker  during  August 
of  the  present  year  at  Holmesburg  junction,  Philadelphia.  Field  workers 
should  be  on  the  lookout  for  this  insect,  as  it  will  be  interesting  to  note 
the  rapidity  with  which  it  spreads  over  the  land;  so  far  its  progress  has 
been  slow.  The  insect  is  found  in  company  with  the  well-known  aspara- 
gus beetle,  Crioceris  asparagi  Linn.  Dr.  Horn  exhibited  the  plates  illus- 
trating his  paper  on  the  Coleoptera  of  the  peninsula  of  California,  which 
is  to  appear  in  the  Transactions  of  the  California  Academy.  Mr.  Calvert 
stated  that  on  the  island  opposite  Wood's  Holl,  Mass.,  he  had  found  an 
Agrionide  heretofore  only  found  in  Florida.  Mr.  Johnson  exhibited  speci- 
mens of  Holcocephala  calva,  showing  abnormalities  in  venation.  The 
branches  of  the  second  longitudinal  vein  are  connected  near  their  junction 
by  a  transverse  vein  thus  forming  a  small  discal  cell;  in  one  specimen  this 
mutation  is  on  the  right  side  and  on  the  left  in  the  other.  He  also  men- 
tioned the  capture  of  Orthostethus  infuscatus  at  Avalon,  N.  J.,  on  July 
22d.  Mr.  Wm.  J.  Fox  was  unanimously  elected  a  member  of  the  Sectic  m. 

Dr.  HENRY  SKINNER,  Recorder. 

Philadelphia,  Oct.  9,  1894. — A  stated  meeting  of  the  Feldman  Collecting 
Social  was  held  at  the  residence  of  Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel,  No.  1509  S.  ijth 
Street.  Members  present:  Laurent,  Boerner,  Seeber,  Dr.  Castle,  Trescher, 
Fox,  E.  Wenzel,  Bland,  Hoyer,  H.  W.  Wenzel,  Haimbach  and  Schmitz. 
Honorary  members:  Dr.  G.  H.  Horn  and  Dr.  John  B.  Smith.  Meeting 
called  to  order  at  9  p.  M*  Mr.  Philip  Laurent,  president,  in  the  chair. 
A  written  communication  from  Mr.  Geo.  Stortz  was  read.  Dr.  Horn  made 
some  remarks,  illustrated  by  blackboard  sketches,  on  the  proper  method 
of  determining  the  genus  Scyunnts,  of  which  the  following  is  a  brief  ac- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  293 

count:  "Good  structural  characters  divide  Scymnus  into  groups;  these 
characters  are  found  on  the  underside  of  the  body.  The  first  character 
of  value  is  the  form  of  the  metacoxal  plate;  this  is  either  entire,  that  is, 
united  by  a  nearly  semi-circular  line,  or  the  plate  is  incomplete,  not  form- 
ing a  semi-circle.  There  is  a  similar  line,  but  less  useful  for  classification 
behind  the  middle  coxae.  Our  species  of  Scymnus  may  be  divided  into 
two  genera — Scymnus,  with  five  ventral  segments,  and  a  possible  new 
genus  with  six  segments.  Color  character  must  not  be  too  strictly  used, 
as  in  this  respect  the  legs,  especially,  are  very  variable,  while  the  style  of 
color  is  quite  constant."  Continuing,  he  stated  that  800  species  of  Cole- 
optera  were  now  known  from  the  peninsula  of  California,  which  show  that 
the  west  coast  as  far  as  explored,  is  a  continuation  of  the  San  Diego  fauna. 
A  small  collection  from  the  northern  central  region,  at  a  moderate  eleva- 
tion, are  more  nearly  related  to  the  region  near  Los  Angeles  and  Santa 
Barbara.  The  gulf  coast  of  the  peninsula  is  related  in  its  fauna  to  Arizona 
and  to  some  extent  to  Texas,  while  the  extreme  end  of  the  peninsula, 
east  of  a  line  from  La  Paz  to  San  Jose"  del  Cabo  is  decidedly  tropical  and 
has  a  few  Mexican  species  in  it.  Mr.  Albert  Hoyer  reported  the  capture 
of  a  specimen  of  Clilcrnius  angnsfiis  at  Templeville,  Md.  A  general  dis- 
cussion among  the  members  followed,  after  which  the  meeting  adjourned 
to  a  collation  at  10.30  p.  M.  THEO.  H.  SCHMITZ,  Secretary. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


NEW  SPECIES  OF  MUTILLID/E. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL  and  JESSIE  E.  CASAD,  N.  M.  Ag.  Coll. 

Sphaerophthalma  heterochroa  n.  sp.—  9  8.5  mm.  long;  dark  brown,  with 
the  pubescence  variously  scarlet,  black  and  yellowish  white,— thus  quad" 
ricolored.  Head  subquadrate,  about  as  wide  as  thorax;  face,  below  level 
of  eyes,  cheeks  and  scape  of  antenna?,  clothed  with  sparse,  appressed, 
yellowish  white  hairs;  crown  of  head  densely  covered  with  appressed 
scarlet  hairs,  among  which  are  scattered  erect,  long,  black  hairs.  An- 
tenna? brown,  basal  joint  shining  reddish.  Thorax  pyriform  seen  from 
above,  quadrate  seen  from  side,  abruptly  truncate  behind.  Dorsum  of 
pro-  and  meso-thorax  clothed  similarly  to  crown  of  head  with  scarlet  pu- 
bescence interspersed  with  black  hairs;  sides  with  scattered,  yellowish 
white  hairs.  Metathorax  reticulate,  with  sparse,  erect,  black  hairs.  Ab- 
domen elongate-pyriform;  first  segment  sessile  with  second,  but  with  the 
suture  impressed;  black  hairs  spring  from  its  dorsal  surface;  its  basal  por- 
tion is  toothed  at  sides.  Large  second  segment  dorsally  clothed  with 
scarlet  appressed  hairs,  interspersed  with  black,  erect  hairs  as  on  head 
thorax,  except  a  broad,  black,  basal  blotch,  which  is  obscurely  trilobed. 
The  same  segment  clothed  on  sides  and  beneath  with  sparse  yellowish 


294  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

white  hairs.  Remaining  segments  fringed  with  yellowish  white  hairs, 
except  on  dorsum,  where  immediately  behind  the  second  segment  appears 
a  large  triangular  patch  of  black  fading  towards  its  apex.  Legs  dark 
brown,  with  sparse,  yellowish  white  hairs;  tibial  and  tarsal  spines  black. 

Two  9  specimens;  San  Augustine,  on  east  side  of  Organ 
Mountains,  N.  Mex. ,  Aug.  29,  1894  (Ckll.,  2282);  Las  Cruces, 
N.  Mex.,  Aug.  25,  1894  (Ckll.,  2036).  The  first-mentioned  now 
in  coll.  Am.  Ent.  Soc. ,  the  other  in  coll.  N.  Mex.  Agr.  Exp.  Sta. 

The  scarlet  color  is  about  the  tint  of  a  specimen  of  -5".  occiden- 
talis  from  Florida,  received  from  Mr.  Fox.  Of  the  species  seen 
by  us,  none  could  be  compared  with  heterochroa;  and  a  search 
through  the  descriptions  fails  to  bring  to  light  anything  which 
agrees  with  it,  according  to  our  judgment. 

Sphaerophthalma  megacantha  n.  sp.  9-— About  13  mm.  long;  terra-cotta 
red,  with  more  or  less  black  and  pale  hairs.  Head  very  large,  a  little 
wider  than  thorax,  quadrate  seen  from  above,  sides  and  base  meeting 
almost  at  right  angles;  posterior  margin  below  prolonged  downwards  into 
a  strong  spine;  vertex  and  cheeks  strongly  punctured,  terra-cotta  red, 
clothed  with  rather  sparse,  appressed  hairs  of  the  same  color,  and  scat- 
tered, erect,  black  hairs.  Face  concave;  antenna;  situated  in  the  con- 
cavity, dark  brown,  scape  with  pale  hairs.  Mandibles  large,  tipped  with 
black,  their  basal  portions  more  or  less  overlapped  by  long  pale  hairs. 
Thorax  broader  in  front  than  behind,  deeply  excavated  at  sides,  posteri- 
orly truncate;  punctures,  color,  appressed  hairs  and  erect  hairs  as  on 
head,  save  on  the  metathorax,  where  the  black  hairs  become  larger  and 
much  more  numerous.  Abdomen  elongate-pyriform,  first  segment 
broadly  sessile,  clothed  with  erect,  black  hairs,  and  a  fringe  of  appressed 
black  hairs  extending  over  its  junction  with  the  second  segment;  second 
segment  covered  like  head  and  thorax,  with  a  fringe  of  black  hairs  at  its 
posterior  margin.  Remaining  segments  red,  with  fringes  of  mixed  black 
and  pale  hairs.  Underside  of  abdomen  with  pale  hairs.  Legs  shiny, 
piceous,  sparsely  clothed  with  rather  long  pale  hairs.  Femora  sparsely 
punctured. 

Hab. — Guanajuato,  Mexico  (Dr.  A.  Duges).     One  specimen. 

Sphaerophthalma  dugesii  n.  sp.  ?.— About  12  mm.  long.  Brown,  pu- 
bescence variously  colored,  dull  yellow,  black  and  scarlet.  Similar  in 
size  and  structure  to  6".  sumichrasti  (of  which  we  have  a  specimen,  sent 
by  Mr.  Fox);  and  in  color  intermediate  between  snmichrasti  and  hetero- 
chroa, the  head  and  thorax  suggesting  the  former,  the  abdomen  the  latter. 
Head  about  as  broad  as  thorax,  punctured,  clothed,  as  in  sumichrasti^ 
with  pale  ochreous  pubescence,  with  a  few  black,  erect,  hairs  interspersed. 
Antenna;  rather  paler  than  in  sumichrasti;  brown,  darker  towards  tips, 
witli  some  yellowish  white  hairs  on  scape.  Thorax  clothed,  as  in  sunn- 
chrasti,  with  black  and  pale  ochraceous  hairs,  but  the  disposition  of  the 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  295 

black  hairs  is  different,  whereas  in  S.  sumichrasti  there  extends  backwards 
from  the  prothorax  a  large  triangle,  the  sides  of  which  are  each  longer 
than  the  base,  and  the  apex  of  which  is  truncate;  there  is  in  diigesii  a 
smaller  black  triangle,  the  base  of  which  occupies  the  whole  front  of  the 
thorax,  and  is  broader  than  either  side.  The  apex  of  this  triangle  joins 
the  apex  of  another  black  triangle,  the  base  of  which  is  the  breadth  of 
the  metathorax.  These  two  black  triangles  together  form  an  hour-glass 
shaped  mark.  The  yellow  pubescence  to  the  sides  of  thorax  forms  two 
triangles,  the  sides  of  which  are  adjacent  to  the  black  triangles;  these 
triangles  do  not,  of  course,  meet  in  the  middle  line.  Legs  castaneous, 
spines  and  ends  of  middle  and  posterior  femora  black.  Abdomen  elon- 
gate, pyriform;  first  segment  broad,  but  somewhat  constricted  at  apex, 
bearing  on  each  side  a  small,  stout  spine;  second  segment  clothed  above 
w^ith  scarlet  hairs,  but  having  its  base  and  apex  fringed  with  pale  ochra- 
ceous  hairs,  except  that  at  the  base  dorsally  is  a  large,  squarish  black 
patch,  interrupting  the  pale  fringe  and  extending  somewhat  into  the  red. 
This  patch  shows  a  slight  tendency  to  be  trilobed,  as  in  heterochroa. 
Remaining  segments  of  abdomen,  except  last,  fringed  with  pale  ochra- 
ceous  hairs,  except  a  large  black  triangle  on  dorsum,  having  for  its  base 
the  margin  of  the  second  segment.  Last  segment  black. 

Hab. — Guanajuato,  Mexico  (Dr.  A.  Duges).     One  specimen. 

Brachycistus  elegantulus  n.  sp.  $  6-7  mm.  long. — Head  black,  sparsely 
hairy,  mandibles  rufous;  antennae  dark  honey-color,  sutures  darkened, 
first  joint  of  flagellum  about  as  long  as  second;  antennae  very  long;  palpi 
pale  yellow;  eyes  large  and  prominent,  ocelli  prominent.  Thorax  some- 
what narrower  than  head,  honey-color,  moderately  dark;  metathorax 
rounded  and  gradually  descending,  not  reticulate.  Legs  honey-color, 
somewhat  lighter  than  thorax,  slightly  hairy.  Abdomen  slender,  shiny, 
sparsely  hairy;  first  segment  dark  honey-color,  rest  of  abdomen  deep 
fuscous;  first  segment  elongate,  hardly  constricted  at  apex.  Wings  hya- 
line, nervures  pale  fuscous;  stigma  very  large,  dark  brown.  Marginal 
cell  very  small  and  short,  very  narrow,  and  almost  wholly  beneath  stigma, 
terminally  appendiculate.  First  submarginal  cell  large,  about  as  long  as 
stigma,  extending  beyond  second  submarginal;  second  submarginal  very 
small,  elongate,  subtriangular,  receiving  first  recurrent  nervure  at  base  or 
(in  some  specimens)  a  little  beyond.  Third  submarginal  subquadrate, 
tending  to  subtriangular,  receiving  the  second  recurrent  nervure  before 
the  middle. 

This  little  species  was  taken  in  numbers  by  Prof.  E.  O.  Wooton 
and  the  present  writer  on  the  Mesa  east  of  the  New  Mexico  Ag- 
ricultural College  on  the  occasion  of  a  meeting  of  the  College 
Field  Club  on  the  evening  of  Sept.  22,  1894.  They  were  at- 
tracted by  means  of  lights,  being,  like  others  of  the  genus, 
strictly  nocturnal. 


296  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

The  species  will  be  readily  distinguished  by  its  small  size,  dark 
head  and  abdomen  and  contrasting  thorax  and  slender  build. 
The  specimens  are  uniform  in  respect  to  the  specific  characters, 
and  show  no  intergrades  with  other  species.  Allied  to  B.  petio- 
latus  Fox,  from  Lower  California. 


-o- 


PHOTOPSIS  versus  BRACHYCISTIS. 

By  WILLIAM  J.  Fox. 

In  1871,*  Blake  described  a  genus  under  the  name  of  Agama, 
which  name  he  subsequently  changed  to  Photopsis,  the  first  men- 
tioned being  pre-occupied.  The  original  description  is  as  follows : 

Body  unicolorous,  smooth  and  shining.  Head  transverse  ;  eyes  large, 
round  and  prominent ;  ocelli  large  ;  antennae  long  and  slender.  Thorax 
narrowed  posteriorly.  Wings  hyaline,  sometimes  slightly  clouded,  stigma 
prominent.  Abdomen  sparsely  clothed  with  pubescence,  basal  segment 
more  or  less  petiolate,  apex  $  furnished  with  two  minute  recurved 
spines.  Female  unknown. 

No  type  of  the  genus  was  mentioned. 

A  study  of  the  species  included  in  Photopsis  will  show  that  very 
few  of  them  really  fit  the  above  description,  as  many  are  strongly 
punctured,  the  antennae  not  long  (not  longer  than  in  the  males 
of  Sphcsrophthalma),  the  color  of  the  wings  varies  considerably, 
and  the  abdomen  is  usually  rather  densely  pubescent. 

The  only  character  worthy  of  importance  in  which  these  forms 
agree  with  the  above  description  is  that  they  possess  two  spines 
at  apex  of  abdomen. 

In  i893,f  I  described  a  new  genus,  to  contain  a  number  of 
smooth  bodied,  sparsely  haired  forms,  which  differed  also  from 
the  usual  type  known  as  Photopsis,  in  having  but  one  spur  at  apex 
of  middle  tibiae,  very  long  antennae,  and  large  stigma.  Under 
this  genus  which  I  called  Brachycistis,  I  placed  the  following 
species,  previously  known  as  Photopsis: 

P.  ampla  Bl.,  nitida  Cr. ,  alcanor  Bl.,  atrata  Bl.,  sobrina  Bl., 
lepida  BL,  castanea  Cr. ,  glabrella  Cr. ,  and  a  new  species, 
petiolatus. 

Since  describing  this  genus,  I  find  it  fits  Blake's  original  descrip- 
tion of  Photopsis  (=  Agama)  very  well,  except  in  one  important 

*  Trans.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc. 

t  Proc.  Calif.  Acad.  Sciences,  ser.  2,  vol.  iv. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS.  297 

point,  namely,  that  there  is  but  one  spine  at  tip  of  abdomen.  It 
will  be  seen  from  this  that  Blake  had  gathered  representatives  of 
two  genera  under  Photopsis,  and  the  question  to  be  decided  is  to 
which  belongs  the  name  Photopsis. 

The  fact  that  Blake  states  in  the  description  of  Photopsis  that 
the  apex  of  £  is  armed  with  two  spines,  proves,  in  my  opinion, 
that  the  name  really  belongs  to  those  rather  coarsely  sculptured 
species  with  two  spurred  tibise,  of  which  mendica,  danaus,  tapajos 
and  nebulos^^s  are  examples,  and  which  have  this  character,  and, 
further,  while  no  type  of  the  genus  has  been  mentioned  by  Blake, 
and  the  value  of  such  evidence  on  that  account  is  somewhat 
lessened,  yet  he  places  as  the  first  species  in  his  list  P.  mendica— 
a  true  type  of  the  coarsely  sculptured,  two  spined  species.  Further 
study  on  these  species  indicates  that  they  belong  to  the  genus 
Sphtzrophthalma.  not  differing  from  that  genus  in  any  respect. 
Consequently  it  will  be  seen  from  the  evidence  at  hand  that  Pho- 
topsis must  fall  as  a  synonym  of  Sph&rophthalma,  and  the  spe- 
cies which  Blake  may  have  meant  for  that  genus,  although  the  evi- 
dence is  to  the  contrary,  should  stand  as  Brachycistis. 

A  NEW  SPECIES°OF  MUTILLID/E. 

By  WILLIAM  J.   Fox. 

Sphaerophthalma  toumeyi  9. — Ferruginous.  Head  from  above  quad- 
rate, the  posterior  angles  spinose;  beneath,  on  the  cheeks,  there  is  a 
rather  long,  stout  spine;  the  head  is  clothed  rather  densely  with  appressed 
pale  golden  hair,  and  in  addition  has  sparse,  erect  hairs;  the  thorax  with 
sparse,  erect,  hairs,  and  viewed  from  above  appears  in  shape  like  a  short 
oblong,  the  sides  of  which  are  a  little  contracted  medially,  and  possess 
quite  a  few  small  teeth;  first  abdominal  segment  uniting  evenly  with  tin- 
second,  and  with  silvery  pubescence  at  its  apex,  which  extends  on  the 
base  of  the  second  segment,  this  possesses  two  large,  round  spots  of 
pubescence  of  the  same  color;  beyond  these  spots  the  segment  is  casta- 
neous,  and  the  last  segment  is  also  of  that  color;  the  third  to  fifth  dorsal 
segments  are  more  or  less  clothed  with  silvery  pubescence;  like  the  head 
and  thorax,  the  abdomen  is  sparsely  clothed  with  erect  hairs.  Length 
about  3  mm. 

Resembles  minutissima  in  size  and  markings,  but  differs  by 
spinose  head.  From  canadensis,  to  which  it  is  apparently  more 
closely  related,  it  differs  by  the  spined  posterior  angles  of  the 
head,  smaller  size,  and  the  markings.  The  specimens  were  con- 
tained in  a  collection  of  ants  from  Tucson,  Ariz.,  sent  for  identi- 
fication by  Prof.  J.  W.  Tourney,  of  the  University  of  Arizona, 
to  whom  it  is  dedicated. 


298  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [November, 

Two  Families  of  Spiders  new  to  the  United  States. 

By  NATHAN  BANKS. 

The  two  families  of  Leptonetidae  and  Oonopidae,  comprising 
very  small,  pale-colored  spiders,  are  best  described  by  compari- 
son. The  cephalothorax  is  broad;  the  dorsal  groove  is  indistinct 
or  wanting;  there  are  rarely  any  radial  grooves;  the  eyes  are  but 
six  in  number,  or  sometimes  none;  usually  surrounded  by  a  patch 
•of  black ;  the  mandibles  quite  large  and  long,  and  with  a  long  fang, 
and  with  some  stiff  bristles  or  teeth  on  the  superior  margin.  The 
lip  usually  short,  triangular,  or  broadly  rounded;  the  maxillae  are 
inclined  over  the  lip,  but  do  not  touch  as  in  the  Scytodidae  ;  the 
sternum  broad  ;  the  legs  quite  long  and  slender,  mostly  destitute 
of  spines  ;  the  abdomen  more  or  less  globose 

It  is  considered  that  the  Oonopidae  have  four  stigmata,  or  lung 
•openings,  on  the  venter,  and  the  Leptonetidee  but  two;  but' the 
second  pair  is  so  indistinct  as  to  be  practically  valueless  as  a 
character;  indeed,  one  genus,  undoubtedly  a  Leptonetid,  has 
been  described  as  having  four  stigmata.  The  Leptonetidae  have 
three  claws  to  tarsi  and  the  Oonopidie  but  two.  A  most  useful 
secondary  character  is  that  in  the  Leptonetidae ;  the  first  pair  of  legs 
is  longer  and  their  femora  stouter  than  the  other  pairs  ;  while  in 
the  Oonopidae  it  is  the  fourth  pair  which  is  usually  longer  and 
the  femora  much  thickened.  The  eyes  in  the  Oonopidae  are 
larger  and  more  in  one  group  than  in  the  Leptonetidae.  Some  of 
the  Oonopidse  have  horny  shields  upon  the  abdomen,  the  Lepto- 
netidae have  always  a  soft  body.  In  the  Leptonetidae,  as  in  the 
.Scytodidae,  there  is  a  little  conical  projection  between  the  spin- 
nerets, called  the  colulus;  this  is  not  present  in  the  Oonopidae. 
The  cephalothorax  in  the  Leptonetidae  is  generally  highest  at  or 
in  front  of  the  middle,  while  in  the  Oonopidae  it  is  highest  behind 
the  middle  and  slopes  to  the  clypeus. 

LEPTONETID^. 

In  the  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Washington,  1891,  Dr.  Marx  described 
from  Keyserling's  manuscript  a  little  spider  under  the  name  of 
Usofila  gracilis.  It  was  said  to  have  four  stigmata,  and  was 
placed  in  the  Dysderidse.  Simon  soon  noticed  that  it  was 
allied  to  the  Leptonetidae,  and  thought  it  was  his  genus,  Psilo- 
derces.  I  have  lately  seen  a  specimen  and  feel  sure  it  is  a  Lepto- 
netid and  agrees  with  Simon's  genus.  I  cannot  see  any  stigmata 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  299 

behind  the  lung-slits.  Mr.  Kincaid,  of  Washington  State,  has 
sent  me  another  Leptonetid,  belonging  to  another  genus  and 
agreeing  quite  well  with  Ochyrocera,  though  the  inferior  spin- 
nerets are  widely  separated. 

The  genera  may  be  separated  by  the  position  of  the  side-eyes. 

The  s.  e.  form  a  diverging  line  and  touch  by  their  sides  .  .  .  Usofila. 
The  s.  e.  touch  at  one  point  and  form  a  single  opening  within  Ochyrocera. 

• 

USOFIL&  Keys. 

Marx,  Proc.  Ent.  Soc.  Wash.,  1891,  p.  35. 
Psilodcrces  Simon,  Amer.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  1892,  p.  40. 

Usofila  gracilis  Keys.  Length  n  mm. — Pale  yellow,  abdomen  whitish; 
cephalothorax  broadly  rounded,  quite  high  a  little  behind  eyes,  smooth  ; 
the  s.  e.  are  more  than  their  diameter  from  the  slightly  larger  m.  e. 
Mandibles  quite  prominent  and  diverging  ;  sternum  plainly  longer  than 
broad,  triangular,  legs  long,  first  pair  longest,  the  femora,  especially  femur  i, 
slightly  incrassated,  all  with  scattered  hairs  ;  abdomen  globose,  with  a 
few  scattered  hairs,  sometimes  a  white  spot  above  spinnerets.  Male  pal- 
pus consists  of  a  pyriform  bulb,  with  a  short  curved  tube,  tarsus  nearly  as 
Ions  as  the  bull),  tibia  and  patellae  subequal. 

From  caves  in  California. 

OCHYROCERA  Simon. 

Simon,  Proc.  Zool.  Soc.  London,  1891,  p.  565. 

Ochyrocera  pacifica  nov.  sp. — Length  12  mm.  Cephalothorax,  legs  and 
palpi  yellowish  ;  abdomen  above  gray,  sternum  and  venter  blackish,  eyes 
surrounded  with  black.  Cephalothorax  but  little  longer  than  broad, 
truncate  behind,  slightly  arched,  highest  behind  eyes,  no  median  groove 
and  radial  furrows  extremely  faint;  clypeus  narrower  than  length  of  eye-row; 
s.  e.  close  to  the  equal  m.  e.  Mandibles  vertical,  barely  diverging,  quite 
long,  with  a  row  of  stiff  hairs  on  superior  margin;  lip  full  as  broad  as  long; 
sternum  triangular,  barely  longer  than  broad  in  front.  Legs  slender,  first 
pair  longest,  third  femur  longer  than  cephalothorax,  all  incrassated  toward 
base,  and  with  scattered  hairs.  Abdomen  globose,  with  a  few  hairs  above, 
spinnerets  short,  the  inferior  pair  longest  and  quite  wide  apart  at  base, 
disclosing  a  distinct  colulus.  Region  of  epigynum  swollen,  a  pale  area 
containing  a  transverse  reddish  patch. 

One  female,  Olympia,  Washington  (Trevor  Kincaid).  This 
differs  from  Ochyrocera  in  having  the  inferior  spinnerets  widely 
separated,  and  in  the  shorter  lip  ;  yet  it  is  much  nearer  to  this 
genus  than  to  any  other,  and  I  dislike,  at  present,  to  erect  a 
separate  genus  for  it. 


300  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [November, 

OONOPID^:. 

In  the  Summer  of  1^94  I  found  on  my  desk  at  Sea  Cliff,  N.  Y. , 
a  little  spider,  which,  when  touched  by  the  pencil,  leaped  back- 
ward an  inch  to  an  inch  and  a  quarter.  It  was  collected,  and  to 
my  surprise,  belonged  to  Orckestina,  the  species  of  which  are 
known  to  leap,  and  at  least  one  of  which  occurs  in  southern  Europe. 

ORCHESTINA  Simon. 
Simon,  Amer.  Soc.  Ent.  Fr.,  1892,  p.  237. 

Orchestina  saltitans  nov.  sp. — Length  1 1  mm.  Cephalothorax  whitish, 
with  a  black  marginal  line  and  a  black  spot  around  eyes;  mandibles  pale; 
legs  and  palpi  yellowish  ;  sternum  whitish  ;  abdomen  purplish  above, 
quite  dark  near  tip,  venter  pale,  spinnerets  white.  Cephalothorax  quite 
broad,  yet  plainly  longer  than  broad,  and  broadest  a  little  before  the 
middle  ;  highest  behind  the  middle  and  sloping  to  the  narrow  clypeus  ; 
no  dorsal  groove  nor  radial  furrows;  three  rows  of  curved  hairs  above;  eyes 
large,  subequal,  all  close  together.  Mandibles  quite  long,  vertical ;  lip 
quadrangular,  broader  than  long  ;  sternum  triangular,  longer  than  broad, 
emarginate  in,  front,  tapering  behind  and  prolonged  between  the  posterior 
coxae.  Legs  long  and  slender,  fourth  pair  as  long  as  first,  third  pair  much 
the  shortest,  quite  thickly  clothed  with  hairs,  two  prominent  claws;  pos- 
terior femora  greatly  thickened,  fully  twice  as  broad  as  femur  i,  and  not 
much  over  four  times  as  long  as  broad.  Abdomen  nearly  globuse,  but  a 
little  longer  than  high,  quite  thickly  clothed  with  stiff  hairs;  spinnerets  all 
close  together;  region  of  epigynum  slightly  swollen,  a  transverse  furrow, 
beneath  which  is  a  pale  area  crossed  by  a  yellow  line. 

Sea  Cliff,  N.  Y.,  July. 


ERRATA. 

Vol.  v,  p.  267,  ninth  line  from  top  for  anal  read  o\a\. 
Page  268,  for  New  York  read  New  Jersey. 
"     224,  for  Coptocycla  signified  read  C.  signifera. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  October  was  mailed  October  i,  3894. 


ENT.  NEWS,  Vol.  V. 


PI.  X. 


A  HOME  AMONG  THE  TREE  TOPS. 


FROM     AROUND  THE  WORLD-' 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OE  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION* 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 


VOL.  v. 


DECEMBER,    1894. 


No.  10. 


CONTENTS: 


Heilprin — A  home  among  the  tree  tops.  301 
Hulst — Notes  on  types  of  N.  A.  Geome- 

trina  in  European  collections 302 

Sharp — Collecting  in  the  "  Lone  Star" 

State 307 

Editorial 310 

Economic  Entomology 311 

Notes  and  News 313 

Entomological  Literature 317 

Doings  of  Societies 322 


Entomological  Section 323 

Harvey — A  n.  sp.  of  Lepidocyrtus 314 

Neumoegen — Notes  on  a  remarkable 

"  interfaunal"  hybrid  of  Smerinthus  326 
Cockerell — Desc.  of  new  Hymenoptera  328 

Dyar — Thecla  californica 329 

Neumoegen — New  forms  of  N.  Amer. 

Aegeridse 330 

Skinner — A  new  Eudamus 332 


A  HOME  AMONG  THE  TREE  TOPS. 

Prof.  HEILPRIN  in  "  Around  the  World." 

We  illustrate  in  this  number  one  of  the  most  striking  forms  ot 
animal  architecture,  taken  from  the  bush  of  Yucatan,  that  the 
world  of  nature  presents.  Nearly  every  one  is  familiar,  through 
the  description  of  travelers,  with  the  habits  and  economy  of  the 
white  ants  (  Termites}  of  South  Africa,  their  huge  habitations  and 
almost  endless  marching  columns,  but  it  is  not  generally  known 
that  a  closely  related  insect  form  inhabits  the  tropics  of  America' 
as  well,  and  with  largely  identical  habits.  The  writer  of  this 
notice  first  came  upon  their  singular  habitations  in  the  open 
scrub  of  northern  Yucatan,  where  they  were  found  perched  among 
the  axiles  of  low  trees,  some  eight  to  ten  feet  above  the  ground. 
Their  gray  color  and  "  papery"  appearance,  so  suggestive  of  the 
nests  of  the  social  Hymenoptera,  threw  out  that  caution  which  is 
ordinarily  exercised  in  approaching  the  habitations  of  bees  and 
wasps,  but  which  in  this  instance  was  wholly  unnecessary.  The 
puncture  of  the  walls  disclosed  a  busy  community  of  almost  in- 
finite life — restless  and  seemingly  ever  active.  In  the  great 
mangrove  forest  which  occupies  much  of  the  northern  coast,  and 


10 


302  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

to  which  a  primeval  character  has  yet  been  retained,  the  termite 
nests  find  their  greatest  development,  and  by  their  singular  pres- 
ence construct  a  picture  hardly  to  be  matched  elsewhere.  Like 
great  excrescences  of  the  trees  themselves,  chocolate-brown  or 
almost  black  in  color,  they  occupy  positions  forty,  fifty,  or  even 
sixty  feet  above  the  eye  of  the  spectator.  Individual  trees  may 
have  as  many  as  three  or  four  of  these  giant  nests  resting  in  their 
axils,  while  others  occupy  low  positions  on  the  strangled  trunks 
and  cable  roots  of  the  foresters  overlooking  the  oceanic  waters 
which  here  and  there  find  their  way  into  the  solitude.  The 
greater  number  of  the  habitations  were  irregularly  balloon-shaped, 
and  some  of  them  measured  not  less  than  four  or  five  feet,  or 
even  more,  in  greatest  diameter.  On  all  the  tree-trunks  thus 
adorned  long  and  more  or  less  tortuous  tunnels,  constructed  of 
the  same  salivary  paper,  and  measuring  perhaps  two-thirds  of  an 
inch  across,  could  be  followed  by  the  eye  meandering  upward  to 
their  terminations  in  the  great  nests,  to  which  they  form  the 
avenue  of  approach.  Wherever  tapped  they  disclosed  the  same 
busy  life — an  army  of  traveling  ants — as  did  the  interior  of  the 
nest  itself. 

o 

NOTES  ON  TYPES  OF  NORTH  AMERICAN  GEOMETR1NA 
IN  EUROPEAN  COLLECTIONS.— I. 

By  GEO.  D.   HULST. 

During  the  last  Summer  I  was  able  to  make  a  trip  to  Europe 
for  the  purpose  of  studying  the  types  of  North  American  Geo- 
metrina.  The  types  of  those  described  by  Mr.  Walker  are  in 
the  British  Museum,  as  are  those  of  Prof.  Zeller,  and  many  of 
those  of  Mr.  Grote.  Those  of  M.  Guenee  are  in  the  collection 
of  Mr.  Charles  Oberthiir  at  Rennes,  France.  I  took  with  me  for 
comparison  specimens  of  the  greater  part  of  all  our  species  as 
known  to  us,  and  these  often  in  several  varietal  forms.  In  my 
study  every  courtesy  was  shown  me,  and  every  effort  was  made 
to  help  me  in  my  work.  From  a  personal  standpoint  my  visit 
was  made  a  most  delightful  one,  and  while  not  able  to  complete 
the  proposed  work,  I  was  able  to  do  considerable  in  clearing  up 
the  as  yet  undetermined  species  of  these  authors.  I  express  my 
very  grateful  appreciation  of  the  favors  shown  me  by  Dr.  Butler, 
Mr.  Warren,  Mr.  Kirby,  Mr.  Hampton  and  Mr.  Oberthiir. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  303 

The  species  of  the  British  Museum  have  recently  been  arranged 
by  Mr.  Warren,  who  has  been  making  a  special  study  of  the 
Geometrina.  He  has  thus  brought  together  the  various  types 
that  are  synonymous,  and  I  was  thus  not  a  little  assisted  in  the 
locating  of  specimens,  and  the  determination  of  species.  My 
stay  at  Rennes  was  very  short  by  necessity,  and  I  was  not  able 
to  give  as  much  study  to  the  types  of  Guenee  as  I  wished  to  be 
able  to  give.  Yet  I  was  able  almost  entirely  to  determine  the 
types  which  are  still  in  existence. 

My  comparisons  were  made  without  any  reference  at  the  time 
to  those  of  Dr.  Packard  and  Mr.  Grote.  In  the  most  of  cases 
I  find  I  agree  with  them,  and  in  the  most  of  others,  on  account 
of  the  poor  condition  of  types  it  is  very  easy  to  differ.  But  in 
view  of  the  material  I  had  for  comparison  and  the  care  and  time 
given  (other  things  being  equal),  I  feel  entire  confidence  in  my 
own  conclusions.  I  do  not  believe  there  has  been  much  changing 
in  material  in  the  Museum.  Accidents  do  occur,  but  every  effort 
has  been  made  to  preserve  the  original  types  with  the  exact  names 
under  which  they  were  described.  Mr.  Walker  was  probably 
somewhat  careless,  but  no  such  charge  can  be  made  against  any 
now  with  the  Museum.  In  my  notes  I  follow,  so  far  as  the  ma- 
terial in  the  British  Museum  is  concerned,  the  order  in  laroe  part 
in  which  Mr.  Warren  has  arranged  the  family.  What  is  his  basis 
of  classification  I  do  not  know;  I  certainly  do  not  agree  with  it. 

The  references  of  the  species  of  Guenee  are  to  volumes  i  and 
ii  of  the  Phalenites.  The  references  of  the  species  of  Walker 
are  to  the  pages  of  the  Catalogue  of  the  Lepidoptera  of  the 
British  Museum,  Geometrites,  and  to  the  pages  of  the  supple- 
ment of  that  catalogue. 

Phaltena politia  Cram.,  under  the  genus  Nepheloleuca  Bull,  has 
as  synonyms  Urapteryx  complicata  Gn.  i,  30,  and  Urapteryx 
illitubata  Gn.  i,  30;  floridata  Grt.  has  not  even  varietal  standing. 

Ennomos  ?  arsesaria  Wlk.  p.  260,  is,  as  it  stands,  the  same  as 
Antepione  depontanata  Grt.  There  has  beyond  doubt  been  some 
mistake  here.  Dr.  Packard  determined  the  species  as  Tetrads 
tzgrotata  Gn.  The  description  accords  with  this  reference,  not 
at  all  with  A.  depontanata  Grt. ,  and  the  type  described  was  from 
California,  which  the  present  type  is  not.  It  is  to  be  catalogued, 
therefore,  as  a  synonym  of  T.  (egrotata  Gn.,  which,  as  I  say  below, 
is  a  synonym  of  Sabulodes  caberata  Gn. 


304  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

Ellopia  basiaria  Wlk.  1508,  has  as  a  synonym  Acidalia  con- 
grua  Wlk.  sup.  1623.  Ellopia  incoloraria  Wlk.,  1509,  is  also  a 
synonym. 

Cabera  intentaria  Wlk.  870,  is  the  same  as  Deilinia  variolaria 
Gn.  ii,  36. 

The  type  of  Bapta  viatica  Harvey,  is  in  the  British  Museum. 
It  is  the  same  as  Corycia  semiclarata  Wlk.  sup.  1653. 

The  type  of  Deilinia  glomeraria  Grt.  is  in  the  Museum. 

Acidalia  nivosata  Gn.  i,  499,  is  placed  by  Mr.  Warren  under 
the  genus  Engonobapta  Warr.  The  insect  has  no  affinity  with 
Acidalia,  but  belongs  to  the  Ennominae. 

The  type  of  Deilinia  septemlinearia  Grt.  described  as  D.  sep- 
temfluaria,  is  in  the  Museum. 

Ste gani a  pustular ia  Gn.  ii,  49,  is  placed  under  the  genus  Phy- 
sostegania  Warr. 

Fidonia  xanthometata  Wlk.  1038,  is  the  same  as  Lythria  snovi- 
aria  Pack.     Macaria  inextricata  Wlk.  889,  is,  I  think,  the  same 
species,  though  differing  in  coloration  to  some  extent.     Grote's 
genus  Mellilla  will  stand,  so  the  species  will  be: 
Mellilla  inextricata  Wlk. 
var.  xanthometata  Wlk. 
snoviaria  Pack. 

The  type  of  Melilla  chamcechrysaria  Grt.  (rilevaria  Pack.),  is 
in  the  Museum. 

Macaria  latiferrugata  Wlk.  1640,  is  Eumacaria  bruuneata  Pk. 

The  following  seem  to  me  to  be  synonyms  or  variations  of 
Semiothisa  granitata  Gn.  ii,  85:  Macaria  contemptata  Gn.  ii,  86, 
Tephrosia  dispuncta  Wlk.  405,  Acidalia  retractaria  Wlk.  785, 
Macaria  haliata  Wlk.  885,  Larcntia  ?  exnotata  Wlk.  1186,  Ma- 
caria retinotata^N\k.  1642,  Acidalia  fissinotata  Wlk.  1595,  Ma- 
caria subapiciaria  Wlk.  1641,  Fidonia  ordinata  Wlk.  1038,  Ma- 
caria? submarmorata  Wlk.  887,  Macaria  irregulata  Wlk.  890, 
Macaria  exauspicata  Wlk.  889,  Camptogramma  abruptata  Wlk. 
1326,  Macaria  quadrisignata  Wlk.  sup.  1655,  Macaria  succosata 
Zell.,  Macaria  imimodaria  Morr.  All  the  types  of  the  Geome- 
trina  of  Zeller  are  in  the  Museum,  having  been  presented  by  Lord 
Walsingham,  into  whose  possession  they  came  after  Zeller' s 
death.  A  number  of  the  types  of  Morrison  are  also  in  the  Mu- 
seum, one  of  them  being  unimodaria  above. 


I894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  305 

Macaria  ceqiiiferaria  Wlk.  886,  Macaria  postrema  Wlk.  887, 
and  Macaria  morosaria  Wlk.  942,  are  one  species. 

Macaria  consepta  Wlk.  941,  and  comsimilata  Zell.  are  the  same 
as  Semiothisa  prceatomata  Harr.  Macaria  bisignata  Wlk.  sup. 
1655  is,  I  think,  a  variety  of  the  same  species. 

Macaria  termilataria  Wlk.  884,  is  a  synonym  of  Macaria  cno- 
tata  Gn.  ii,  69. 

Macaria  proxanthata  Wlk.  1642,  and  Aspilates?  antaurata 
Wlk.  1686  are  synonyms  of  Semiothisa  distribuaria  Hbn. 

Tephrina  gnophosaria  Gn.  ii,  99,  Camptogramma?  infectata 
Wlk.  1332,  and  Macaria  reduclata  Wlk.  1654,  are  one  species. 
It  was  afterwards  called  Semiothisa  casaria  Hulst.  Macaria  in- 
fimata  Gn.  ii,  81,  is  the  same  species,  and  is  the  oldest  name. 

Mr.  Grote  described,  once  upon  a  time,  a  species,  calling  it 
Aspilates  gausaparia.  The  type  is,  I  think,  in  Mr.  Neumoegen's 
collection.  This  is  found  in  the  Museum  under  the  following 
names,  some  applied  to  specimens  very  widely  variant  :  Apicia 
rithusaria  Wlk.  102,  from  St.  Domingo;  Pyrinia  tegularia  Wlk. 
228,  from  St.  Domingo;  these  are  put  as  synonyms  of  Drepano- 
gynis  ever s aria  Gn.  i,  93,  from  Chili,  which,  according  to  Guenee, 
is  the  same  as  Ennomos  cervinaria  Blanchard,  the  oldest  name 
of  all.  Macaria  palleolata  Gn.  ii,  80,  from  Hayti;  Macaria  in- 
fuscata  Gn.  ii,  81;  and  Macaria  santaremata  Wlk.  917,  from 
Brazil,  seem  to  be  one  variety;  another  is  Macaria  abydata  Gn. 
ii,  So,  with  synonym  Macaria  acidaliata  Wlk.  893.  Still  another 
variety  is  Psamatodes  nicetaria  Gn.,  which  has  as  synonyms 
Ephyra  proditata  Wlk.  633,  Tephtina  confinaria  Wlk.  959, 
Epione  Hboraria  Wlk.  1495,  Fidonia  cyclata  Wlk.  1669,  Ephyra 
li(ddiferata  Wlk.  1574,  all  from  St.  Domingo,  and  Aspilates  va- 
garia  Wlk.  1685,  from  Florida.  I  did  not  observe  Guenee's 
types  in  the  Oberthiir  collection,  and  do  not  know  whether  they 
are  rightly  determined.  Mr.  Warren  is  authority  for  the  refer- 
ences, though  he  considers  the  different  varieties  named  above  as 
good  species.  They  seem  to  me,  however,  to  be  all  linked  in 
together. 

Acidalia  restorata  Wlk.  726,  and  Aspilates  subcolumbata  Wlk. 
1676,  from  St.  Domingo  seem  to  me  to  be  the  same  as  Macaria 
ocellinata  Gn.  ii,  85.  These  are  all  probably  the  same  as  Ma- 
caria heliothidata  Gn.  ii,  79,  from  Hayti.  A  type  of  Macaria 
duplicata  Pack.,  which  is  also  the  same,  is  in  the  Museum. 


306  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

A  type  of  Tephrosiafalcataria  Pack,  is  in  the  Museum  collection. 

Ephyra  solitaria  Wlk.  631,  I  have  received  from  Florida,  col- 
lected by  Mrs.  Slosson.  Ephyra  stabilitata  Wlk.  632,  and  Ani- 
sodes  repugnata^NVk..  1577,  all  from  E.  Florida,  are,  I  think,  the 
same,  though  varying  somewhat  in  appearance.  Macaria  inap- 
tata  Wlk.  886,  is  also  a  variety. 

Tephrosia  disconventa  Wlk.  404,  Cidaria  lactispargaria  Wlk. 
1387,  and  Ypsipetes  immersata  Wlk.  1268,  are  synonyms  of  Nu- 
meria  frillilaria  Gn.  ii,  136.  The  type  of  the  latter  is  in  the 
British  Museum,  as  are  the  types  of  all  the  species  Guenee  named 
from  the  material  of  Doubleday. 

Under  Tephrina  monicaria  Gn.  ii,  100,  Mr.  Warren  has  placed 
an  insect  which  is  nearly  identical  with  Aspilates  fautaria  Hulst. 
The  type  of  Guenee  is  almost  certainly  lost,  so  I  am  informed 
by  Mr.  Oberthiir.  The  most,  if  not  all,  of  the  species  from  Cali- 
fornia described  by  Guenee  were  from  the  Lorquin  collection. 
What  has  become  of  that  collection  no  one  knows;  it  is  probably 
all  destroyed.  No  determination  can  therefore  be  made  of  these 
species  from  the  types.  Guenee,  however,  left  excellent  descrip- 
tions, and  in  the  most  of  cases  determination  can  be  made  with 
comparative  certainty.  In  the  present  case,  as  in  some  others, 
there  is  some  doubt,  as  there  are  several  closely  allied  species. 
But  I  am  willing  to  accept  Mr.  Warren's  opinion  the  more  freely, 
as  it  involves  one  of  my  own  species,  and  will  hereafter,  till  I 
learn  better,  catalogue  fautaria  Hulst,  as  a  synonym  of  moni- 
caria Gn. 

Heterophleps  atrosignata  Wlk.  1457,  is,  I  think,  a  synonym  of 
Thanonoma  ivavaria  L.  It  is  nearly  the  normal  form  of  T. 
wavaria  as  found  in  America,  though  this  differs  somewhat  from 
the  ordinary  European  form,  the  lines  being  more  distinct  and 
blacker,  and  the  color  a  clearer,  less  smooth  cinereous.  Theraf 
peracutata  Wlk.  1264,  is  a  synonym  of  Halia  subcessaria  Wlk. 
945,  while  Theraf  bitactata  Wlk.  1264,  is  a  more  heavily  marked 
form  of  T.  wavaria  L.  I  have  little  doubt  that  intergrades  be- 
tween T.  wavaria  L.  and  T.  subcessaria  Wlk.  will  eventually  be 
found,  and  the  thus  connected,  as  are  T.  subcessaria  and  T. 
coortaria  Hulst. 

(To  be  continued.) 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  307 

COLLECTING  IN  THE  "LONE  STAR"  STATE. 

By  FRANK  SHARP. 

Flowery  meadows,  blooming  clover-fields,  clear  brooks,  shady 
woods  and  refreshing  breezes  make  the  collecting  pleasant,  but 
here  we  have  no  meadows,  no  clover-fields,  no  shady  woods, 
very  few  brooks,  and  in  the  right  time  a  tropical  heat.  We  call 
the  climate  semi-tropical,  because  it  is  sometimes  as  hot  as  under 
the  equator,  and,  when  the  northers  blow,  as  cold  as  under  the 
north  pole.  Maybe  it  is  not  so  very  cold,  but  we  are  used  to  the 
heat,  and  thus  more  tender  when  Mr.  Frost  appears. 

Collecting  continues  here  practically  the  whole  year,  for  the 
cold  weather  lasts  at  one  spell  but  three  or  four  days,  then  the 
next  day  butterflies  are  floating  around  in  the  air,  and  we  have 
hardly  ever  more  than  five  or  six  such  cold  spells,  although  a 
late  frost  in  Spring  sometimes  kills  corn  and  potatoes,  peaches 
and  plums,  and  the  first  brood  of  insects.  In  February  some 
low  bushes  called  "Tangle-weed"  are  blossoming  and  attract  a 
great  number  of  Lycaenidae  and  Hesperidae,  then  comes  another 
bush  with  reddish  blossoms  before  the  leaves  appear,*  and  lots  of 
Papilios,  Colias  and  Pyrameis  are  flying  and  feeding  on  the  blos- 
soms. Early  in  March,  peaches,  wild  and  cultivated,  and  plums 
are  in  full  bloom,  and  there  are  as  many  insects  on  them  as  there 
are  blossoms,  Rhopalocera  and  Heterocera  predominating,  but 
also  species  of  other  orders.  Then  comes  a  Mimosa  bush  with 
small  rosy  ball-like  flowers,  the  food  of  many  Coleoptera,  espe- 
cially of  Chrysomelidae,  then  the  Mesquite  tree,  full  of  Coleop- 
tera and  Hymenoptera;  after  a  while  the  "  wild  myrtle,"  a  bush 
with  white  flowers,  full  of  Hymenoptera  and  Thccla.  I  captured 
once  on  a  few  bushes  150  Theda  halesus  in  two  hours.  Then 
comes  the  "  bee-bush"  also  with  white  flowers,  full  of  Lycaenidae 
and  Cerambycidae,  and  at  last  the  "gum-tree"  with  myriads  of 
sweet-scented  insects.  Yes,  with  Hymenoptera  and  Callichroma; 
the  smell  of  these  insects  show  you  the  way  to  the  gum-tree. 
Besides  these  plants  there  are  oak  and  elm  trees,  which,  when  in 
blossom,  as  well  as  others,  make  excellent  collecting.  Then 
comes  vacation;  the  drought  begins;  you  may  look  for  water 
beetles  before  the  creek  dries  up  or  collect  with  the  sweeping  net 
for  a  while;  then  the  play  is  out  till  the  fall  rain  falls.  Then  a 

*  Called  here  "Judas  beans." 


3°8  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

new  vegetation  springs  up  and  a  new  brood  of  insects  follow. 
Especially  the  banks  of  rivers  and  creeks  are  covered  with  herbs 
and  weeds  six  and  more  feet  high,  and  in  some  places  where 
horses,  cattle,  sheep  and  goats  are  not  admitted,  there  is  splendid 
collecting  till  heavy  frosts  come.  The  assembling  of  immense 
numbers  of  Danais  berenice  and  archippus  in  October  indicate  as 
well  as  the  arrival  of  cranes,  ducks  and  geese,  the  approach  of 
the  end.  About  the  middle  of  November  thousands  of  males 
of  Hemileuca  maia  are  flying  around  in  search  of  the  females 
which  are  sitting  on  low  bushes  near  the  ground,  and  that  ends 
the  wholesale  collecting. 

On  dark  nights  placing  a  lamp  standing  in  a  basin  filled  with 
water,  as  people  use  here  to  catch  the  cotton-moth  (Aletia)  you 
catch  insects  by  the  quart,  but  most  of  them  are  of  no  use  for  the 
collection.  There  is  a  great  number  of  Noctuidae,  Microlepid- 
optera,  and  also  Coleoptera  attracted  by  the  lamp  on  your  table 
on  nights  when  there  is  no  moon  shining. 

We  have  needle  grass  and  spear  grass  which  pierce  the  pants, 
stockings  and  skin;  we  have  grass-burs  {Cenchrus  tribuloides) 
provided  with  barbed  hooks  which  adhere  to  the  net,  then  easily 
enter  the  fingers,  but  is  difficult  to  extract;  we  have  numbers  of 
Cactaceae;  not  only  the  upright,  easily  discernible  Opuniias,  but 
also  some  Mammilarias,  nearly  hidden  in  the  earth  and  only 
protruding  their  two-inch  spines,  which  pierce  the  hoofs  of  the 
horses  and  the  soles  of  your  shoes;  we  have  Spanish  daggers 
{Yucca)  and  the  number  of  thorny  bushes  is  legion;  yes,  there 
are  some  bushes  which  have  thorns  instead  of  leaves.  So  much 
for  the  pleasure  of  the  vegetable  kingdom. 

You  are  tired  and  want  to  sit  on  a  fallen  tree  or  a  stump. 
Something  is  biting  or  stinging  !  Is  it  an  ant  ?  We  are  power- 
fully rich  in  ants  !  Is  it  a  scorpion,  or  a  centipede,  or  one  of 
those  poisonous  spiders  ?  You  walk  through  the  tall  weeds  and 
something  is  rattling.  Is  it  a  rattle  snake  ?  No,  it  is  only  one 
of  those  grasshoppers  which  make  a  similar  noise.  I  am  not 
afraid  of  snakes  and  have  killed  a  great  many,  but  as  often  as  I 
see  such  a  beast,  four  to  six  feet  long  suddenly  moving  before  my 
feet,  I  always  have  a  cold  sensation  at  my  neck.  Do  you  know 
the  ticks  and  the  red  bugs  ?  We  have  large  ticks  and  seed-ticks, 
cattle-ticks  and  men-ticks  by  the  millions,  and  if  you  go  out  col- 
lecting and  do  not  find  any  other  thing  you  may  be  sure  to  have 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  309 

a  few  ticks  and  red  bugs  on  and  in  your  skin,  and  even  when 
removed  the  pain  lasts  for  days  or  weeks.  Does  it  not  seem  as 
if  really  the  evil  spirit  had  furnished  this  country  ? 

On  account  of  this  peculiar  fauna  and  flora  you  cannot  follow 
a  flying  insect,  except  you  bend  one  eye  upwards  and  one  down- 
wards to  look  for  thorns,  rattle  snakes  and  moccasins,  too.  By 
exercise  and  practice  you  can  do  it.  Yet  in  spite  ot  all  these 
drawbacks  I  always  had  more  pleasure  in  strolling  around  obser- 
ving nature  and  collecting  than  in  sitting  in  my  room  ' '  studying" 
and  classifying  insects,  counting  the  teeth  of  the  labrum,  the  veins 
of  the  wings,  or  the  ridges  of  the  coxse. 


SPECIAL  TO  THE  NEWS. — You  will  perhaps  be  interested  to  know 
that  an  Entomological  Section  of  the  Chicago  Academy  of  Sciences 
was  formed  Saturday  evening,  Oct.  20,  1894.  Mr.  W.  E.  Longley,  of 
Oak  Park,  was  elected  chairman,  and  A.  J.  Snyder,  recorder.  Reg- 
ular meetings  of  the  Entomological  Section  will  be  held  on  the  third 
Friday  of  each  month.  The  subject  for  discussion  at  the  first  meeting 
will  be  a  prepared  paper  on  "  The  Diurnal  Lepidoptera  found  in  the  vi- 
cinity of  Chicago  with  notes  as  to  time  of  capture,  abundance  or  rarity 
of  species,  etc." 

The  formation  of  an  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy  is  the  out- 
come of  a  series  of  meetings  held  during  the  Summer  at  the  homes  of 
Messrs.  Longley,  Snyder,  Healy  and  Tough  (in  the  order  named).  Col- 
lectors in  the  vicinity  of  Chicago  feel  the  need  of  a  scientific  collection 
similar  to  those  found  in  New  York  and  Philadelphia,  and  the  aim  is 
to  build  up  a  collection  that  will  aid  collectors  in  the  identification  of 
specimens  ;  represent  as  fully  as  possible  the  species  of  insects,  and 
increase  the  general  interest  in  Entomology.  The  new  building  of  the 
Chicago  Academy  of  Sciences  has  just  been  completed  at  a  cost  of 
$100,000,  and  will  be  formally  dedicated  October  3ist.  Mr.  Frank  C. 
Baker,  the  curator  of  the  museum,  has  just  arranged  the  entire  collection 
in  such  a  manner  as  to  be  most  useful  to  those  interested  in  science. 
Some  of  the  methods  of  mounting  and  labeling  are  original,  and  seem  to 
be  an  improvement  on  the  old  methods. — A.  J.  SNYDER,  Evanston,  111. 

THE  LAZY  BEE.— Another  tradition  has  been  shattered  by  the  icono- 
clastic hand  of  science.  The  popular  impressions  concerning  the  bee 
must  be  revised,  says  an  investigator  of  the  habits  of  the  honey-makers. 
The  bee  has  long  been  praised  for  its  industry  and  diligence,  but  it  has 
recently  been  learned  that  in  these  respects  the  bee,  is  a  fraud.  As  a 
matter  of  fact,  "the  little  busy  bee"  works  but  about  three  hours  a  day, 
and  is  a  most  thorough-going  loafer  for  the  rest  of  the  time. — Harper's 
Bazar. 


3io  [December, 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS. 


Published  monthly  (except  July  and  August),  in  charge  of  the  joint 
publication  committees  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences,  of  Philadelphia,  and  the  American  Entomological 
Society.  It  will  contain  not  less  than  300  pages  per  annum.  Jt  will  main- 
tain no  free  list  whatever,  but  will  leave  no  measure  untried  to  make  it  a 
necessity  to  every  student  of  insect  life,  so  that  its  very  moderate  annual 
subscription  may  be  considered  well  spent. 

ANNUAL  SUBSCRIPTION  $1.00,  IN  ADVANCE. 

Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  $1.2O. 

figg"  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  Cresson,  Treasurer, 
P.  O.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  all  other  communications  to  the  Editors 
of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

PHILADELPHIA,   PA.,  DECEMBER,   1894. 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  ENTOMOLOGISTS. 

IT  seems  rather  strange  that  we  do  not  get  more  material  from  certain 
parts  of  the  United  States,  and  that  there  are  not  more  people  interested, 
in  great  stretches  of  territory  where  there  are  populous  cities.  There  are 
quite  a  number  of  localities  where  interesting  species  are  found,  yet  these 
species  do  not  find  their  way  into  our  cabinets.  We  know  considerable 
about  southern  New  Jersey  and  Florida,  for  instance,  but  not  much  more 
about  the  intervening  territory  than  did  John  Abbot. 

There  are  certain  parts  of  New  England  that  need  good  collectors,  and 
there  are  species  found  which  we  almost  never  get.  The  White  Mountain 
region  has  been  well  studied,  but  there  yet  remains  much  to  be  done  in 
studying  the  distribution  of  New  England  species,  and  there  are  some 
things  that  would  make  valuable  additions  to  our  cabinets.  Many  un- 
explored parts  of  the  West  await  the  advent  of  the  good  collector,  and 
many  of  these  places  are  quite  accessible  to  our  entomological  friends  in 
what  may  be  termed  the  middle  West.  Summer  excursions  would  be 
quite  profitable  to  many  such  places. 


Six  parts  of  a  new  edition  of  the  rare  "  Huebner's  Exotic  Butterflies" 
have  been  issued  by  Mr.  P.  Wytsman,  73  Rue  Neuve,  Brussels,  Belgium. 
The  work  is  an  exact  reproduction  of  the  original  Huebner,  being  printed 
on  hand-made  paper  with  untrimmed  edges.  Each  section  contains  ten 
plates,  in  water  colors,  perfect  in  finish  and  detail.  The  work  will  be 
completed  in  sixty-six  parts.  The  value  of  this  edition  will  be  greatly 
enhanced  by  a  complete  synonymic  index  with  additional  notes  by  W. 
F.  Kirby,  of  London. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  311 

DEPARTMENT  OF  ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY 


Edited  by  Prof.  JOHN  B.  SMITH,  Sc.  D.,  New  Brunswick,  N,  J. 

ntroduced  Insects.— The  subject  is  not  a  new  one,  and  has  been  venti" 
lated  in  a  number  of  publications  and  by  various  authors.  It  is  the  sub- 
ject of  an  able  editorial  in  "Garden  and  Forest,"  No.  350,  under  the 
heading  of  "Quarantine  against  Plant  Pests,"  in  which  the  possibility 
and  desirability  of  such  a  quarantine  are  considered.  The  conclusion  is: 
"What  the  General  Government  can  do,  and  what  the  State  Govern- 
ments can  do,  in  the  same  direction,  is  to  give  liberal  support  to  the  sci- 
entific study  of  contagious  diseases  of  plants  and  of  pestiferous  insects, 
and  to  Experimentation  for  insuring  the  most  effective  methods  of  eradi- 
cating them." 

There  is  another  thing  that  can  be  done,  and  this  is  to  a  large  extent 
in  the  hands  of  purchasers  of  nursery  stock.  They  could  insist  on  a 
written  guarantee  with  each  lot  of  stock  purchased,  that  they  are  clean 
and  free  from  insect  pests  and  had  not  been,  in  the  nursery,  affected  by 
any  plant  disease,  nor  grown  in  the  vicinity  of  diseased  trees.  The 
agency  of  Nurseries  in  distributing  plant  diseases  and  insect  pests  is  es- 
tablished beyond  all  manner  of  doubt;  though  they  are  by  no  means  the 
exclusive  agents.  It  is  not  an  unusual  occurrence  for  an  orchard,  newly 
set  out,  to  be  handicapped  from  the  very  start  by  insidious  foes  that  ex- 
haust its  juices  and  vitality:  such  as  Scale  insects,  Psyllids,  Plant-lice, 
and  even  borers.  Too  often  the  foes  are  not  noticed  until  the  injury  is 
beyond  the  reach  of  remedial  applications,  and  trees,  time,  and  use  of 
land  are  all  lost.  No  farmer  should  set  out  a  tree  until  he  has  examined 
it  closely  and  made  certain  that  no  scale  insects  infest  any  portion  of  it. 
He  should  also  wash  at  least  the  trunk  and  larger  branches  with  a  kero- 
sene emulsion,  diluted  by  no  more  than  five  parts  of  water  and  he  should, 
finally,  trim  back  to  the  smallest  possible  amount  of  wood,  burning  or 
otherwise  destroying  all  the  cuttings.  The  latter  practice  is  a  good  one 
to  facilitate  the  growing  of  the  tree,  because  the  disturbed  and  mutilated 
roots  will  not  then  have  an  excessive  task  in  supporting  foliage.  Its  value 
from  the  entomologist's  standpoint  is,  that  it  disposes  of  the  eggs  of  the 
Aphids  or  plant-lice,  which  are  so  often  found  at  the  base  of  the  leaf  buds 
on  the  smaller  twigs. 

An  insect  introduced  into  New  Jersey  within  a  comparatively  recent 
period  is  the  "flat  headed  pear  borer,"  Agrilus  sinuatus  Oliv.  I  called 
attention  to  this  species  at  the  recent  meeting  of  the  Association  of  Eco- 
nomic Entomologists  without  recognizing  it  as  a  European  form,  and 
when  I  believed  it  a  case  of  local  outbreak  of  a  native  species.  Since 
that  time  I  have  been  led,  by  suggestions  from  Mr.  E.  A.  Schwarz,  made 
through  Mr.  Howard,  to  study  somewhat  the  literature  of  the  European 
species  above  named,  and  there  remains  no  doubt  that  it  is  the  same  as 


312  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

the  insect  investigated  by  me  in  New  Jersey.  With  this  guide  I  began  to 
seek  the  point  of  original  introduction  and  believe  that  I  have  located  it 
in  one  of  our  nurseries.  Pear  stocks  from  France  and  Germany  are  an- 
nually imported  in  large  numbers  to  be  used  for  budding  upon  them 
American  varieties,  and  there  is  little  question  that  of  these  stocks  some 
that  reached  New  Jersey  harbored  this  insect.  I  have  reason  to  believe 
that  the  period  of  importation  was  some  ten  years  ago,  and  that  New 
Jersey,  north  of  Newark,  is  infested  more  or  less  by  the  species.  It  is 
said  to  have  already  extended  into  New  York  State,  but  I  have  no  definite 
information  on  this  subject. 

The  San  Jose  Scale  in  New  York.--  During  the  latter  part  of  the  season 
Messrs.  Victor  H.  Lowe  and  F.  A.  Sirrine  were  appointed  by  the  New 
York  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  to  make  entomological  investiga- 
tions on  Long  Island,  with  headquarters  at  Jamaica.  These  young  geu- 
tlemen  were  handicapped,  of  course,  by  lack  of  familiarity  with  the  lo- 
cality and  crops  grown,  and  by  having  only  the  fag  end  of  the  season  to 
work  in.  They  have,  however,  discovered  the  presence  of  the  ' '  pernicious 
scale"  in  several  nurseries  on  Long  Island,  and  there  seems  to  be  no  sort 
of  doubt  that  the  scale  has  been  quite  widely  distributed  by  them.  The 
interesting  point  is  that  most  of  these  nurseries  did  not  grow  the  infested 
stock,  but  received  it  from  other  nursersies  and  those  not  in  New  Jersey. 
The  latter  State  is  not  guiltless,  however,  in  the  matter  of  supplying  New 
York  State,  because  one  orchard  in  Columbia  County  is  certainly  infested 
from  a  New  Jersey  nursery.  Dr.  Lintner  has  investigated  this  locality 
and  finds  the  scale  present  on  a  number  of  trees.  It  seems  probable, 
also,  that  other  centres  of  infection  exist  in  the  Hudson  River  Valley,  and 
that  to  the  nurseries  the  eastern  farmer  owes  a  serious  pest,  which  will 
require  constant  watching  and  warfare  if  fruit  is  to  be  raised. 

Cranberry  Insects  Again.— In  the  last  number  of  the  NEWS  a  "  Farmer's 
Bulletin"  on  this  subject  was  referred  to  as  issued  from  the  office  of  Ex- 
periment Stations  of  the  U.  S.  Department  of  Agriculture.  The  director, 
Mr.  A.  C.  True,  informs  me  that  this  is  an  injustice  to  his  office,  as  the 
"Farmer's  Bulletins"  have  been  removed  from  its  jurisdiction  and  con- 
trol. This  seems  to  shift  the  responsibility  to  some  other  Division,  or  to 
the  head  of  the  Department  itself.  I  really  cannot  ascertain  which. 

But  a  truly  interesting  and  valuable  contribution  on  the  subject  of  Cran- 
berry insects  we  have  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  S.  H.  Scudder  in  "Insect 
Life,"  vol.  vii,  p.  i.  It  identifies  and  describes  the  "Girdle-worm"  of 
the  cranberry  grower  with  Crambus  topiarius  Zell.  This  is  a  matter  of 
considerable  interest,  for  the  species  has  been  known  and  unidentified  for 
at  least  eleven  years.  I  heard  of  it  in  1883  at  Cape  Cod,  and  in  my  report 
to  Prof.  Riley,  published  in  Special  Bulletin,  No.  4,  of  the  U.  S.  Depart- 
ment of  Agriculture,  pp.  32  and  33,  I  described  the  injury  caused,  as  well 
as  what  I  could  learn  of  the  author.  I  could  not  at  that  time  find  any^ 
larva?  and  was  unable,  later  on,  to  return  to  the  subject.  In  1889,  when 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  313 

I  again  studied  the  cranberry  insects  in  New  Jersey,  I  was  unable  to  find 
any  trace  of  the  "  girdler"  on  our  bogs  and  did  not  again  refer  to  the 
matter.  On  two  or  three  occasions  I  have  received  communications  or 
specimens  from  Cape  Cod,  but  never  sufficient  in  number  or  in  condition 
to  be  carried  to  maturity.  Mr.  Scudder  has  succeeded,  however,  and  has 
identified  the  species.  The  Insect  is  not  exclusively  a  cranberry  feeder, 
for  Mr.  Felt  describes  its  larva  as  subsisting  on  grass  and  sheep  sorrel, 
and  while  I  have  taken  the  moths  in  Ocean  County,  May  2ist,  I  have 
never  seen  on  any  of  our  bogs  any  girdled  vines.  There  is,  apparently, 
a  difference  of  more  than  a  month  in  the  dates  of  flight  as  between  Cape 
Cod  and  Ocean  County,  N.  J.,  Mr.  Scudder  recording  it  the  first  days  of 
July,  while  at  Ithaca,  N.  Y.,  Mr.  Felt  records  it  July  5th  to  28th.  It  is 
not  improbable  that  this  difference  in  the  date  of  maturing  has  some 
bearing  on  the  exemption  from  injury  of  the  New  Jersey  bogs.  Mr.  Scud- 
der gives  "about  a  month"  as  the  duration  of  the  pupa  stage,  and  as  the 
water  is  rarely  drawn  from  New  Jersey  bogs  before  May  loth,  and  moths 
taken  by  me  May  2ist  could  not  have  come  from  them,  unless,  what  is 
hardly  probable,  they  entered  upon  their  development  under  water. 


Notes  and. 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  GLEANINGS  FROM  ALL  QUARTERS 
OF    THE    GLOBE. 

[The  Conductors  of  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  solicit,  and  will  thankfully  receive  items 
of  news,  likely  to  interest  its  readers,  from  any  source.  The  author's  name  will  be  given 
in  each  case  for  the  information  of  cataloguers  and  bibliographers.] 


To  Contributors.— All  contributions  will  be  considered  and  passed  upon  at  our 
earliest  convenience,  and  as  far  as  may  be,  will  be  published  according  to  date  of  recep- 
tion. ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  has  reached  a  circulation,  both  in  numbers  and  circumfer- 
ence, as  to  make  it  necessary  to  put  "  copy''  into  the  hands  of  the  printer,  for  each  number, 
three  weeks  before  date  of  issue.  This  should  be  remembered  in  sending  special  or  im- 
portant matter  for  certain  issue.  Twenty-five  "  extras"  without  change  in  form  will  be 
given  free  when  they  are  wanted,  and  this  should  be  so  stated  on  the  MS.  along  with  the 
number  desired.  The  receipt  of  all  papers  will  be  acknowledged. — ED. 


ONE  WAY  OF  TAKING  UP  A  COLLECTION. — "  \Ve  have  a  certain  parson," 
Dean  Hart,  of  Denver,  writes,  giving  his  name,  "whom  we  keep  on  the 
frontier.  He  is  a  rough  diamond,  and  has  a  knack  with  the  miners.  Not 
long  ago  he  went  to  a  camp  called  Rico,  borrowed  the  dance  hall  over 
the  saloon  for  his  service,  '  rounded  up  his  boys'  and  the  hall  was  filled. 
After  the  sermon  came  the  collection — a  very  important  feature.  The 
preacher  ran  his  eye  over  his  audience,  and  seeing  a  certain  gambler 
known  as  'Billy  the  Kid.'  'Billy,'  he  said,  'take  up  the  collection.' 
Very  much  honored,  Billy  took  his  big  sombrero  hat,  and  with  an  impor- 
tant and  dignified  air,  as  was  fitting  for  the  occasion,  he  made  his  way  to 
the  front  and  held  his  hat  for  a  young  man  on  the  foremost  chair  to 
'  donate.' 


314  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS,  [December, 

"The  young  miner  dropped  in  a  quarter.  Billy  looked  at  it ;  then 
putting  his  hand  under  his  coat-tails  drew  his  revolver  and  said,  with  the 
utmost  gravity,  '  Young  man,  take  that  back;  this  here's  a  dollar  show.' 
Then,  with  his  hat  and  revolver,  moving  around  the  hall,  he  got  as  many 
dollars  as  there  were  people." 

We  hope  it  won't  be  necessary  to  employ  Billy  to  collect  NEWS  sub- 
scriptions for  the  coming  year. — EDS. 

DISTRIBUTION  OF  THE  ODONATA. — In  the  NEWS  for  October,  Mr.  Cal- 
vert  published  a  list  of  Dragonflies  taken  at  Wood's  Holl,  Mass.  In  July, 
1893,  the  following  species,  not  included  in  his  list,  were  captured  by 
myself  at  that  place  :  Lestes  eurina  Say,  Libelhila  vibrans  Kirby,  L. 
cyanea  Fabr.  and  Somatochlora  lepida  Hag. — D.  S.  K.,  Columbus,  O. 

IN  Sweden  the  peasants  look  upon  the  grub  of  the  Cockchafer,  Melo 
lontha  vulgaris,  as  furnishing  an  unfailing  prognostic  whether  the  ensuing 
Winter  will  be  mild  or  severe;  if  the  animal  have  a  bluish  hue  (a  circum-" 
stance  which  arises  from  its  being  replete  with  food),  they  affirm  it  will  be 
mild,  but  on  the  contrary  if  it  be  white,  the  weather  will  be  severe;  and 
they  carry  this  so  far  as  to  foretell,  that  if  the  anterior  be  white  and  the 
posterior  blue,  the  cold  will  be  most  severe  at  the  beginning  of  the  Winter. 
Hence  they  call  this  grub  Bemarkelse-mask — prognostic  worm. — Cowan 's 
Curious  Facts. 

THE  WHITE  ANT  AGAIN. — Many  instances  of  the  destructiveness  of 
Termes  flavipes  have  been  reported  in  the  last  few  years.  I  am  able  to 
add  another  of  interest.  Last  June  the  heavy  posts  and  timbers  support- 
ing machinery  in  the  Electrical  Building  of  the  Ohio  State  University 
began  to  give  away,  and  an  examination  proved  what  was  unsuspected, 
viz.,  that  they  were  completely  riddled  by  this  insect,  and  were  replaced 
by  new.  The  supports  rested  upon  "  cement"  below  an  "asphalt"  floor 
in  a  brick  building,  and  whilst  the  insect  is  abundant  enough  in  rubbish 
not  far  away,  it  would  appear  probable  that  the  ants  were  in  the  wood 
when  it  was  brought  into  use  about  four  years  previously,  and  that  they 
had  pursued  their  work  unnoticed  until  it  was  complete. — D.  S.  K.,  Co- 
lumbus, O. 

I  THINK  we  may,  with  propriety,  add  Philampelus  licaon  to  our  North 
American  list  of  Lepidoptera.  Prof.  H.  A.  Morgan,  of  Louisiana  State 
University  at  Baton  Rouge,  has  sent  me  a  male  and  female  of  this  species 
this  Summer.  Mr.  Neumoegen  also  tells  me  that  he  has  received  it  from 
Louisiana,  and  that  the  late  Henry  Edwards  had  one  or  more  specimens 
from  Florida.  The  contention  that  trade  winds  bring  these  insects  across 
the  Gulf  should  not  exclude  species  from  our  list  when  females  are  found 
here.  For  even  though  originally  the  importation  may  be  thus  brought 
about,  there  is  little  doubt  that  females  would  deposit  eggs  when  once 
landed.  I  have  also  to  report  the  capture  of  COSSHS  centercnsis  9  at 
Manchester,  N.  H.,  this  Summer.  I  have  not  heard  of  it  from  that  State 
before. — R.  OTTOLENGUI. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  315 

TUFTS  COLLEGE,  Massachusetts,  Oct.  29,  1894.— My  attention  was  called 
to-day  to  Mr.  Banks'  paper  "On  a  Classification  of  the  Arthropoda"  in 
your  magazine  for  September.  As  my  paper,  issued  last  March,  is  made 
the  text  for  Mr.  Banks'  remarks  I  write  to  ask  the  publication  of  a  dis- 
claimer for  certain  views  which  the  careless  reader  might  suppose  me  to 
hold.  I  never  supposed  that  the  second  appendage  of  the  Hexapods 
discovered  by  Wheeler  is  "  probably  labrum"  of  these  forms.  Nor  do 
I  say  that  "two  pairs  of  cephalic  appendages  have  disappeared  in  both 
Arachnids  and  Liinulus."  Again,  I  did  not  "assert"  that  in  the  Chilo- 
pods  there  is  "  stigmata(jzV)  to  each  segment."  Lastly,  I  did  not  assign 
a  common  stem  to  the  Eurypterida  and  Trilobites.  In  short,  I  would  ask 
the  reader  to  consider  Mr.  Banks'  paper  as  his  own  production,  and  not 
as  in  any  way  a  representation  of  my  views. — ].  S.  KINGSLEY. 

NOVEL  REMEDY  FOR  NEURALGIA  AND  TOOTHACHE. — Le  Roy,  N.  Y., 
November  2d.  This  village  has  a  resident  who  recently  resorted  to  heroic 
means  to  effect  a  cure  for  toothache  and  neuralgia.  He  had  long  been  a 
victim  of  these  pain-producing  complaints,  and  had  tried  various  remedies 
without  effecting  a  cure.  About  two  weeks  ago  he  was  attacked  simul- 
taneously with  both  of  his  old  enemies.  Unable  to  bear  the  affliction,  he 
went  into  his  yard,  picked  up  a  small  stick,  and  approaching  a  bee-hive, 
stirred  up  the  little  honey-makers.  As  they  came  angrily  forth  in  search 
of  their  tormentor,  the  man  placed  his  cheek  against  the  hole  in  the  hive 
where  they  had  their  exit.  He  was  stung  in  half  a  dozen  places.  Al- 
though the  pain  was  almost  unendurable  he  changed  his  position  and 
allowed  them  to  sting  him  on  the  other  side  of  the  face.  He  has  not 
suffered  from  his  old  affliction  since,  and  he  believes  his  recovery  is  due 
to  the  treatment  to  which  he  subjected  himself. — Newspaper. 

ACCORDING  to  statements  of  collectors,  the  variety  jamaicensis  of 
Smerinthus  geminatus,  is  not  often  obtained.  During  June  and  July  of 
present  year,  I  collected,  from  willow,  twenty-eight  larvas  of  geminatus, 
of  which  I  obtained  twenty-two  normal  pupce.  One  of  the  imagines  gave 
a  perfect  9  var.  jamaicensis,  out  of  twenty  which  emerged.  Of  these  I 
obtained  two  matings  and  over  280  ova.  Only  120  hatched  out  between 
3d  and  5th  of  August.  Of  these  brought  60  to  pupation,  eighty  per  cent, 
of  which  emerged  in  latter  half  of  September.  Lost  most  of  the  other 
larva;  between  time  of  hatching  and  first  moult,  in  fact  many  did  not  go 
on  food-plant  at  all.  A  few  mature  larvae  escaped  while  feeding  or  clean- 
ing out  breeding-cage,  having  too  many  others  to  rear,  so  that  time  was 
precious.  About  October  2d  I  picked  up  on  floor  of  my  window  what 
was  supposed  to  be  a  dead  Noctuid,  some  of  which  are  often  attracted 
by  light.  Did  not  wear  my  eye-glass,  and,  after  seizing  the  object,  found 
it  moving  between  my  fingers.  When  closely  inspected  said  it  was  a 
flown  Smcrinthus  geminatus  with  apices  of  wings  worn  off.  At  first 
thought  wanted  to  throw  it  away,  then  reconsidered  and  put  it  in  cyanide 
bottle  for  closer  inspection;  soon  after  discovered  I  had  a  very  fair  speci- 


316  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

men  of  a  $  var.  jamaicensis,  good  in  color  and  only  tips  of  wings  gone. 
I  have  since  thought  that  this  imago  may  have  been  the  result  of  some 
of  those  escaped  larvae,  because  it  is  a  small  <j\  similar  to  those  obtained 
from  ill-fed  larvae.  This  illustrates  how  careful  one  ought  to  be  before 
discarding  a  common  insect. — Dr.  RICHARD  E.  KUNZE. 

ENTOMOLOGY  IN  FLORICULTURE.— Landscape  gardener,  Mr.  William 
Nilsson,  of  Woodlawn,  New  York  City,  requested  information  whether 
he  could  copy  a  Lepidoptera  successfully  for  one  of  his  lawn  beds  oppo- 
site the  station  of  the  N.  Y.  and  H.  R.  R.  It  is  near  the  entrance  to 
Woodlawn  Cemetery.  Looking  over  his  plants  I  found  material  to  make 
a  fine  Attacus  luna  (j\  and  furnished  the  artist  with  a  large,  flown  insect, 
taken  at  electric  light  and  richly  colored.  July  ist,  this  year,  I  took  a 
train  for  Mount  Vernon,  N.  Y.,  and  noticed  as  we  speeded  past  the  station 
that  he  had  executed  a  perfectly  symmetrical  luna,  true  to  color  and  form. 
Early  in  October,  when  plants  were  in  richest  appearance,  I  made  a  trip 
to  personally  inspect  this  luna  in  front  of  the  green-houses.  For  the 
benefit  of  others  interested  in  such  decorations  I  now  furnish  the  names 
of  plants  used  :  Wings  consisted  of  Echeveria  mexicana.  Body  and 
four  lunulate  wing  spots  were  made  with  Echeveria  glauca.  Shadings 
of  the  moons  represented  Alternanthera  amazna,  of  lovely  pink  tint, 
which  plant  was  also  used  for  costa  of  superior  wings.  Antennae  repre- 
sented by  Kleinia  spec,  (which  I  take  to  be  Hazvorthii],  and  perfect  as 
to  color  and  form,  so  that  its  succulent,  short,  cylindrical  leaves  exactly 
resemble  the  bi-pectinate  male  antennae.  The  circular  bed,  fifteen  feet  in 
diameter,  contains  a  luna  of  about  thirteen  and  a  half  feet  of  spread  of 
wings.  The  moth  is  surrounded  by  the  purplish  red  Alternanthera  ver- 
sicolor,  complementary  in  color  and  harmonizing  with  central  figure. 
Surrounding  all  is  a  single  row  of  Echeveria  glauca.  To  those  unac- 
quainted with  plants,  will  state  that  the  latter  are  fleshy,  rosette-like, 
having  green  leaves. — Dr.  RICHARD  E.  KUNZE. 

EXPERIMENTING  WITH  FIREFLIES.— One  of  the  prettiest  sights  of  a 
Summer  evening  in  the  country  is  a  meadow  covered  with  a  swarm  of 
flitting  fireflies.  Many  intensely  practical  people  have  laughed  at  any 
suggestion  that  this  firefly  light  could  be  utilized  in  any  way  by  man.  Yet 
scientists  have  long  been  at  work  on  the  problem,  and  one  of  the  number, 
Secretary  Langley,  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  has  arrived  at  some 
startling  conclusions.  The  light  shed  by  these  little  insects  is  the  most 
ecomical  illuminant  in  the  worid.  It  has  no  waste  and  no  overrunning 
meter.  Moreover,  it  is  one  hundred  times  as  cheap  as  gas,  which  means 
that  one  pays  a  dollar  for  a  cent's  worth  of  light,  and  even  with  electricity 
the  waste  is  enormous.  With  the  firefly  there  is  no  waste  by  the  production 
of  heat. 

This  may  seem  rather  strange  to  those  who  inseparably  connect  a  light 
with  some  degree  of  heat  manifestation,  and  this  "  cold  light,"  if  such  it 
might  be  called,  would  be  peculiarly  adapted  to  a  hot  Summer  evening. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  317 

It  is  probably  simply  the  result  of  a  chemical  action  which  produces  a 
phosphorescence.  It  is  produced  at  one  four-hundredth  of  the  cost  of 
energy  represented  in  a  candle  flame,  and  is  supposed  to  come  from  the 
slow  combustion  of  a  material  secreted  by  the  nervous  organism  of  the 
insect.  The  temperature  of  the  light-giving  organs  is  the  same  as  that  of 
other  parts  of  the  body. 

In  Prof.  Langley's  experiments  he  took  the  insects,  kept  them  in  the 
dark  all  the  time,  and  ground  the  dried  substance  to  powder.  In  all  these 
cases  the  application  of  moisture  produced  a  light,  proving  the  chemical 
origin  of  the  phenomenon.  To  produce  a  light  of  equal  brilliancy  artifi- 
cially would  require  a  temperature  of  at  least  2000°.  The  most  brilliant 
of  the  150  varieties  of  the  animal  life  capable  of  producing  a  light  of  this 
character  is  the  "  cucujo,"  the  famous  firefly  of  the  tropics.  Thirty-eight 
of  these  yield  one  candle  powder.  The  natives  of  Cuba  confine  them  in 
paper  lanterns,  and  they  have  been  used  to  take  photographs  by  a  two- 
minute  exposure  of  bromide  plates. 

These  insects,  or  beetles,  to  speak  exactly,  were  used  by  Prof.  Langley 
in  experimenting.  They  begin  life  as  a  grub,  and  are  variously  called 
"skipjacks,"  or  "spring  tails."  Damp  evenings  seem  to  be  the  most 
favorable  time  to  observe  their  habits,  as  then  they  shine  most  brilliantly. 

Nature  having  produced  this  most  economical  light,  when  in  the  most 
exaggerated  instance  cannot  be  made  to  affect  the  most  delicate  ther- 
mometer, seems  to  laugh  at  the  feeble  efforts  of  man  to  follow  her  plan. 
It  is  true  that  the  Geissler  tube,  a  plaything  of  the  laboratory,  will  produce 
light,  without  heat,  but  it  is  incapable  of  practical  production.  Scientists 
believe  that  ere  long  the  subject  of  the  wonderful  light,  which  has  been 
proved  to  be  not  unlike  the  luminous  calcium  sulphide  paint  of  commerce, 
will  be  discovered,  with  a  result  as  revolutionary  in  the  world  of  illumina- 
tion as  that  caused  by  electricity. — Boston  Journal. 


Identification  of  Insects  (Imagos)  for  Subscribers. 

Specimens  will  be  named  under  the  following  conditions:  ist,  The  number  of  species 
to  be  limited  to  twenty-five  for  each  sending;  2d,  The  sender  to  pay  all  expenses  of  trans- 
portation and  the  insects  to  become  the  prope^y  of  the  American  Entomological  Society  ; 
3d,  Each  specimen  must  have  a  number  attached  so  that  the  identification  may  be  an- 
nounced accordingly.  Exotic  species  named  only  by  special  arrangement  with  the  Editor, 
who  should  be  consulted  before  specimens  are  sent.  Send  a  2  cent  stamp  with  all  insects 
for  return  of  names.  Before  sending  insects  for  identification,  read  page  41,  Vol.  Ill, 
Address  all  packages  to  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS,  Academy  Natural  Sciences,  Logan 
Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Entomological   Literature. 


i.  THE  AMERICAN  NATURALIST.  Philadelphia,  October,  1894.— De- 
scription of  a  new  Pelecinus  \_P.  brunneipes]  from  Tennessee,  \Y.  H. 
Patton. 


10 


318  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

2.  JAHRESHEFTE  DES  VEREINS  FUR  VATERLAENDISCHE  NATURKUNDE 
IN  WUERTTEMBURG,  xl.    Stuttgart,  1894. — The  influence  of  insects  on  the 
form  of  leaves,  A.  von  Widenmann.     On  the  body-covering  of  insects, 
Dr.  Vosseler.     Synopsis  of  the  German  blindbugs  (Hemiptera-Heterop- 
tera,  fam.  Capsidae),  Ur.  T.  Hueber. 

3.  KNOWLEDGE.     London,  Oct.  i,  1894. — Insect  secretions — vi,  E.  A. 
Butler. 

4.  SCIENCE-GOSSIP.    London,  October,  1894. — Larvae-nymphs  of  British 
Dragonflies  (concl.),  W.  H.  Nunney. 

5.  TIJDSCHRIFT  VOOR  ENTOMOLOGiE,  xxxv,  3.     The  Hague.  1892. — 
The  epigynum  of  female  Araneina,  A.  W.  M.  van  Hasselt,  3  pis. — 4,  1892. 
Diagnoses  of  New  Mexican  Muscidae,  F.  M.  Van  der  Wulp. — -xxxvi,  1-4, 
1893.     Presidential  addresses,  K  J.  M.  Heylaerts,  P.  C.  T.  Snellen.     On 
indigenous  leaf-wasps  [Pamphilius],  Dr.  J.  T.  Oudemans,  i  pi.     Third 
supplement  to  the  new  list  of  Netherland  Coleoptera,  Dr.  E.  Everts.     A 
nest  of  Lasius  fuliginosus  Latr.,  Dr.  H.  Bos,  i  pi. 

6.  REVUE  BIOLOGIQUE  DU  NORD  DE  LA  FRANCE,  vi,  12.    Lille,  France, 
September,  1894. — On  an  halophilous  Hymenopter  found  at  Grau  du  Roi, 
near  d'Aigues-Mortes  (concl.),  R.  Moniez.     Notes  on  some  species  of 
Tyroglyphidae  which  live  at  the  expense  of  food  stuffs  and  pharmaceutical 
products,  id.     The  larva  of  Nenronia  (Heliophobus)  popiclaris  in  the  vi- 
vinity  of  Avesnes  in  1894,  its  ravages,  its  natural  enemies  and  the  means 
employed  for  its  destruction,  id.     Some  Arthropods  of  the  grotto  of  the 
Fays  near  Baux,  id. 

7.  THE  ANNALS  AND  MAGAZINE  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY.      London, 
October,  1894. — On  recent  contributions  to  the  classification  of  the  Le- 
pidoptera  by  Prof.  J.   H.   Comstock  and  Dr.  T.   A.   Chapman,   G.   F. 
Hampson.     On  some  small  collections  of  Odonata  (Dragonflies)  recently 
received  from  the  West  Indies,  W.  F.  Kirby.     Notes  on  the  Pedipalpi  of 
the  family  Tarantulidas  contained  in  the  collection  of  the  British  Museum, 
R.  I.  Pocock,  2  pis.     Abnormal  variability  in  the  antennal  characters  of 
Cosmophila  erosa  Hiibn.,  A.  G.  Butler.     The  poison-gland  of  Chilopod 
Myriapoda,  M.  O.  Duboscq.  (transl.  from  Compt.-Rend.  Acatl.  Sci). 

8.  ZOOLOGISCHER    ANZEiGER.       Leipsic,    Oct.    8,    1894. — Preliminary 
communication  on  the  copulatory  feet  of  the  Julidaa,  Dr.  C.  G.  Attems. — 
October  22.     Hydrachnological  corrections,  R.  Piersig. 

9.  THE  GARDENER'S  CHRONICLE.     London,  Oct.  20,  1894. — Moths  on 
fruit  trees:  the  Winter  moth,  Chimatobia  bruinata — Board  of  Agriculture, 
figs. 

10.  ZOOLOGISCHE  JAHRBUCHER,  viii,  i.    Jena,  Sept.  28,  1894. — On  the 
light  of  the  Chironomidse,  P.  Schmidt. 


1894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  319 

11.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  BOSTON  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY, 
xxvi,  pp.  312-355,  September,  1894. — On  the  systematic  position  of  the 
Siphonaptera,  with  notes  on  their  structure,  A.  S.  Packard,  figs. 

12.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES  OF  PHILA- 
DELPHIA, 1894,  pt.  ii,  October,  1894. — On  bees  and  honey-suckles,  T. 
Meehan.     List  of  the  Diptera  of  Jamaica,  with  descriptions  of  new  spe- 
cies, C.  W.  Johnson. 

13.  PSYCHE.       Cambridge,   Mass.,   November,    1894. — The  Americpn 
species  of  the  Thysanouran  genus  Seira,  F.  L.  Harvey,  figs.     Notes  on 
the  Acrididae  of  New  England  (cont),  A.  P.  Morse.    Polygamy  of  Actias 
lima  and  Callosaniia  promethea,  C.  G.  Soule. 

14.  THE  NATURALISTS'  JOURNAL,  iii,  28.     London,  October,   1894.— 
Beneficial  insects,  W.  H.  Bath.    Coaxing  butterflies  to  lay  in  confinement, 
H.  G.  Knaggs. 

15.  SPECIES  DES  HYMENOPTERES  D'EUROPE  ET  D'ALGERIE,  fond6  par 
Edmond  Andr£  et  continue  sous  la  direction  scientifique  de  Ernest  Andre". 
4Se  Fascicule.     Paris,  M.  Dubosclard,  Oct.  i,  1894. — Contains  pp.  337- 
400,  pis.  xviii-xx,  of  volume  six,  dealing  with  the  Chrysididse. 

16.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  RECORD.     London,  Oct.  15,  1894. — Butter- 
fly-catching in  the  neighborhood  of  Mont  Blanc,  J.  W.  Tutt.     The  life- 
history  of  Ocneria  dispar,  C.  Nicholson.     The  life-history  of  a  Lepidop- 
terous  insect,  etc.,  chap,  iv  (cont.),  J.  YV.  Tutt. 

17.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ACADEMY  OF  ARTS  AND  SCI- 
ENCES, 1894,  pp.  331-370. — On  the  inheritance  of  acquired  characters  in 
animals  with  a  complete  metamorphosis,  A.  S.  Packard. 

18.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  CALIFORNIA  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCES  (2),  iv, 
pt.  i.     San  Francisco,  Sept.  28,  1894. — Report  on  some  Mexican  Hymen- 
optera  principally  from  Lower  California,  YV.  J.  Fox.     On  a  collection  of 
Formicidae  from  Lower  California  and  Sonora,  Mex.,  T.  Pergande.   Second 
Report  on  some  Hymenoptera  from  Lower  California,  Mexico,  W.  J. 
Fox.     Some  parasitic  Hymenoptera  from  Lower  California,  W.  H.  Ash- 
mead.     Formicidae  of  Lower  California,  Mexico,  T.  Pergande.     Obser- 
vations on  the  Heteropterous  Hemiptera  of  Lower  California,  with  de- 
scriptions of  new  species,  P.  R.  Uhler.      The  Coleoptera  of  Baja  Cali- 
fornia, G.  H.  Horn. 

19.  NATURE.     London,  Oct.  25,  1894. — North  American  moths,  \V.  F. 
Kirby  [Review  of  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith's  Catalogue  of  the  Noctuickc]. 

20.  BOLKTIN  DE  LA  ACADEMIA  NACIONAL   DE   ClENCIAS  EN  CORDOBA. 

xii,  4.     Buenos  Aires,  1892. — Argentine  Dipterology  (Mycetophilidae),  F. 
L.  Arribalzaga. 

21.  BULLETIN  OF  THE  BUFFALO  SOCIETY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  v,  4, 
1894. — A  list  of  the  Hemiptera  of  Buffalo  and  vicinity,  E.  P.  Van  Duzee. 
Descriptions  of  some  new  North  American  Homopterous  insects,  id. 


320  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

22.  ZEITSCHRIFT  FUR  WISSENSCHAFTLICHE  ZOOLOGIE,  Iviii ,  3.   Leipsic, 
Oct.  1 6,  1894. — A  hitherto  little-regarded  antennal  sense-organ  of  insects, 
with  especial  reference  to  the  Culicidae  and  Chironomidae,  C.  M.  Child, 
2  pis. 

23.  THE  NATURALIST.   London,  November,  1894. — Hydrobius  fuscipes; 
notes  on  its  life-history,  larval  anatomy,  etc.,  W.  F.  Baker,  figs. 

24.  JOURNAL  OF  THE  TRINIDAD  FIELD  NATURALISTS'  CLUB,  ii,  4.    Port- 
of-Spain,  October,  1894. — A  list  of  Trinidad  butterflies  and  moths,  H.  F. 
Wilson.    Notes  on  the  cacao  beetle  (Steirostoma  depressum),  A.  B.  Carr. 

25.  COMPTE  RENDU.  L/ACADEMIE  DES  SCIENCES.    Paris,  Oct.  22,  1894. 
— Salivary  glands  of  the  Apinse,  M.  Bordas.     On  an  unknown  caterpillar 
devouring  the  leaves  and  fruit  of  the  fig-tree  in  the  arondissement  of 
Puget-Theniers,  M.  Decaux. 

26.  THE  TRANSACTIONS  AND  JOURNAL  OF  PROCEEDINGS  of  the  Dum- 
friesshire and  Galloway  Natural  History  and  Antiquarian  Society.     No.  9, 
Dumfries,  1894. — The  influence  of  insects  on  flowers,  G.  F.  Scott-Elliot. 

27.  REVUE  SUISSE  DE  ZOOLOGIE  et  Annales  du  Muse"e  d'Histoire  Natu- 
relle  de  Geneve,  ii,  3,  Oct.  n,  1894. — Morphological  notice  of  the  Gryl- 
lotalpinae,  H.  de  Saussure  and  L.  Zehnter,  2  pis. 

28.  ACTA  SOCIETATIS  SCIENTIARUM  FENNIC;E,  xix.     HelsingforS,  1893. 

— Monograph  of  the  genus  Holotrichius  Burm.,  O.  M.  Reuter,  2  pis. 
Monograph  pf  the  Ceratocombidae  of  the  world,  id.,  i  pi.  Monograph 
of  the  genus  Reduvius  Fabr.,  Lam.,  id. 

29.  PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  AMERICAN  ASSOCIATION   FOR   THE  AD- 
VANCEMENT OF  SCIENCE  for  the  forty-second  meeting  held  at  Madison, 
Wis.,  August,   1893.     Salem,   1894. — Seat  of  life  in  the  house-fly,  J.  B. 
Smith. 

30.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST'S  MONTHLY  MAGAZINE.    London,  November, 
1894. — A  holiday  in  the  Pyrenees  (concl.),  W.  E.  Nicholson  and  F.  C. 
Lemann.     The  British  species  of  the  genus  Psyche  and  its  allies,  C.  G. 
Barrett.     An  improved  entomological  pin,  H.  G.  Knaggs.     Dr.  Hansen 
on  Hemimerus,  D.  Sharp. 

31.  ENTOMOLOGISCHE  NACHRICHTEN,  xx,   20,   21.      Berlin,  October- 
November,  1894. — My  most  interesting  recollections  of  caterpillar  and 
pupa-finds,  L.  Glasers. 

32.  ANNALES  DE  LA  SOCIETE  ENTOMOLOGIQUE  DE  BELGIQUE,  xxxviii, 
8,  1894. — Revision  of  the  genus  Stigmatum  and  allied  genera,  A.  Kuwert. 
— 9.  Materials  for  a  study  of  the  Diptera  of  Belgium — Asilidas,  L.  Coucke, 
figs. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  321 

33.  THE  ENTOMOLOGIST.     London,  November,  1894.— A  curious  ab- 
erration of  Erebia  <zthiops,  R.  Adkin,  fig.     Notes  from  north  Lancashire, 
J.  Arkle.     Further  observations  upon  Emydia  cribrum,  ].  H.  Fowler. 
Note  on  Eiimestleta  Butl.,  etc.;  a  group  of  Noctuas  of  the  Eublemmine 
type,  A.  G.  Butler. 

34.  INSECT  LIFE,  vii,  i.     Washington,  September,   1894. — The  cran- 
berry girdler  (Crambus  topiarius  Zell.),  S.  H.  Scudder,  figs.     Two  para- 
sites of  important  scale-insects  L.  O.  Howard,  figs.     The  Buffalo  tree 
hopper  (Ceresa  bubalus  Fabr.),  C.  L.  Marlatt,  figs.   Supplementary  notes 
on  the  strawberry  weevil,  its  habits  and  remedies,   F.  H.   Chittenden. 
Occurrence  of  the  hen-flea  (Sarcopsylla  gallinacea\\r&s\vj.}  in  Florida, 
A.  S.  Packard,  figs.    Notes  on  cotton  insects  found  in  Mississippi,  W.  H. 
Ashmead.    On  a  Lecanium  infesting  blackberry,  considered  identical  with 
L.  ^c/iii  Sign.,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.     Insects  injuring  drugs  at  the  Uni- 
versity of  Kansas,  V.  L.  Kellogg.     The  senses  of  insects,  C.  V.  Riley, 
figs.     A  new  species  of  Pezotetti.r,  L.  Bruner.     A  maritime  species  of 
Coccidae,  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell.     An  abnormal  tiger  swallow-tail,  L.  O. 
Howard,  figs.     General  notes.     Correspondence. 

35.  THE    CANADIAN    ENTOMOLOGIST.       London,    Ont,    November, 
1894.— The  Coleoptera  of  Canada,  H.  F.  Wickham,  figs.     Philampehis 
achemon  [at  Toronto],  G.  M.  Stewart.     On  the  larvae  of  two  species  of 
Arachnis,  H.  G.  Dyar.     Shall  we  use  the  name  Eudryas?,  A.  R.  Grote. 
Notes  on  some  southwestern  Hemiptera,  C.  H.  T.  Townsend.    Notes  on 
Nova  Scotian  dragonflies,  P.  P.  Calvert  and  W.  Sheraton.     A  study  of 
the  genus  Meniscus,  G.  C.  Davis.     New  species  of  Tenthredinidae,  with 
tables  of  the  species  of  Sir ongy  log  aster  and  Monoctenus,  A.  D.  Mac- 
gillivray. 


INDEX  TO  THE  PRECEDING  LITERATURE. 


The  number  after  each  author's  name  in  this  index  refers  to  the  journal,  as  numbered 
in  the  preceding  literature,  in  which  that  author's  paper  was  published  ;  *  denotes  new 
North  American  forms. 


THE  GENERAL  SUBJECT. 

Von  Wiedemann  2,  Yosseler  2,  Butler  3,  Heylaerts  5,  Snellen  5,  Moniez 
6,  Bath  14,  Packard  17,  Child  22,  Scott-Elliot  26,  Nicholson  and  Lemann 
30,  Knaggs  30,  Riley  34. 

ARACHNIDA. 

Van  Hasselt  5,  Moniez  6,  Pocock  7*,  Piersig  8. 

MYRIAPODA. 
Moniez  6,  Duboscq  7,  Attems  8. 


322  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

THYSANURA. 
Moniez  6,  Harvey  13*. 

ORTHOPTERA. 

Morse  13,  de  Saussure  and  Zehnter  27,  Sharp  30,  Ashmead  34,  Bruner 
34*. 

NEUROPTERA. 
Nunney  4,  Kirby  7*,  Ashmead  34*,  Calvert  and  Sheraton  35. 

HEMIPTERA. 

Hueber  2,  Uhler  iS*,  Van  Duzee  21*  (two),  Reuter  28  (three),  Marlatt 
34,  Ashmead  34*,  Cockerell  34*  (two),  Townsend  35. 

COLEOPTERA. 

Everts  5,  Horn  18*,  Baker  23,  Carr  24,  Kuwert  32,  Chittenden  34,  Kel- 
logg 34,  Wickham  35. 

DIPTERA. 

Van  der  Wulp  5*,  Schmidt  10,  Packard  u,  Johnson  12*,  Arribalzaga 
20,  Child  22,  Smith  29,  Coucke  32,  Packard  34. 

LEPIDOPTERA. 

Moniez  6,  Hatnpson  7,  Butler  7,  Soule  13,  Knaggs  14,  Tutt  16  (two), 
Nicholson  16,  Kirby  19,  Wilson  24,  Decaux  25,  Nicholson  and  Lemann 
30,  Barrett  30,  Glaser  31,  Adkin  33,  Arkle  33,  Fowler  33,  Butler  33,  Scud- 
der  34,  Howard  34,  Stewart  35,  Dyar  35,  Grote  35;  see  also  9. 

HYMENOPTERA. 

Patton  i*,  Oudemans  5,  Bos  5,  Moniez  6,  Meehan  12,  Andr6  15,  Fox 
18*  (two),  Pergande  18*  (two),  Ashmead  18*,  Bordas  25,  Howard  34*,  Davis 
35*,  Macgillivray  35*. 


Doings  of  Societies. 

PHILADELPHIA,  Nov.  13,  1894. 

A  stated  meeting  of  the  Feldman  Collecting  Social  was  held  at  the 
residence  of  Mr.  H.  W.  Wenzel,  1509  S.  Thirteenth  Street.  Members 
present:  Messrs.  Laurent,  Seeber,  Hoyer,  Bland,  H.  W.  Wenzel,  Dr. 
Castle,  Fox,  Johnson,  Boerner,  Trescher,  E.  Wenzel  and  Schmitz.  Hon- 
orary members:  Prof.  John  B.  Smith  and  Dr.  Henry  Skinner.  Meeting 
called  to  order  at  9  P.M.,  President  Laurent  presiding. 

Prof.  Smith  stated  that  he  had  recently  received  a  collection  of  Lepid- 
optera  from  Mr.  Rauterberg,  of  Milwaukee,  Wis.  The  manner  in  which 
the  specimens  were  packed  for  mailing  was  considered  worthy  of  explana- 
tion. The  specimens  were  pinned  in  the  usual  way  in  an  ordinary  cigar- 
box.  This  box  was  contained  in  the  packing  to  be  described.  Horse 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  323 

hair  was  sewed  in  paper  muslin  in  such  a  way  that  when  folded  around 
the  box  and  tied  with  appropriate  strings,  a  pad  covered  each  surface  of 
the  box.  This  packing  is  light  and  springy,  very  inexpensive,  and  can  be 
used  indefinitely.  Dr.  Skinner  described  another  box  used  in  England. 
A  light  paste-board  box  is  suspended  by  rubber  string  in  a  larger  and 
stronger  box  of  wood. 

Prof.  Smith  referred  to  his  former  communication  regarding  a  species 
of  Agrilus,  which  he  had  found  attacking  pear  trees  in  New  Jersey,  and 
which  he  had  supposed  to  be  Agrihis  acutipennis.  He  had  now  deter- 
mined it  to  be  A.  sinuatus,  a  European  species,  not  before  recorded  from 
this  country.  This  species  does  great  injury  to  the  pear  in  Europe,  and 
remains  about  two  years  in  the  larval  stage.  He  also  mentioned  the  in- 
teresting work  Mr.  Roberts  has  been  doing  on  the  genus  Dineutes,  and 
stated  that  his  paper  would  soon  be  ready.  Mr.  Fox  exhibited  a  series 
of  Bembex  monodonta,  which  showed  great  variation  in  the  abdominal 
markings.  In  the  typical  form  the  yellow  on  abdomen  is  restricted  to  the 
apical  margin  of  the  segments,  but  a  specimen  shown  has  the  abdomen 
entirely  yellow.  The  series  showed  the  gradation  between  the  typical 
form  and  variety  mentioned.  In  the  species  exhibited  the  variation  is 
apparently  confined  to  specimens  of  the  male  sex.  Mr.  Laurent  men- 
tioned taking  the  parasite,  Leptinus  testae  eus,  on  the  common  mole, 
Scolops  aquaticus.  Mr.  C.  W.  Johnson,  who  had  recently  returned  from 
a  trip  from  Alabama  in  search  of  Eocene  fossils,  exhibited  some  of  the 
insects  he  had  incidentally  collected.  Dr.  Skinner  said  he  thought  many 
Lepidopterists  attached  entirely  too  much  importance  to  the  value  of  a 
knowledge  of  the  early  stages  in  separating  species.  It  may  probably  be 
stated  as  an  axiom  that  the  larvae  do  not  vary  more  than  their  respective 
imagos  and  frequently  vary  less.  The  proper  way  to  study  what  he  called 
"  gradational"  species  was  by  examining  a  geographical  series  of  indi- 
viduals. Prof.  Smith  coincided  with  the  remarks  of  the  speaker,  and 
said  he  had  great  difficulty  in  separating  certain  species  of  Carneades. 
They  appeared  constant  from  certain  localities,  but  only  showed  slight 
variations.  There  seemed  to  be  no  help,  whatever,  from  a  study  of  the 
larvae  as  the  cut  worms  vary  so  little.  No  further  business  being  pre- 
sented the  social  adjourned  to  the  "annex"  for  refreshments. 

THEO.  H.  SCHMITZ,  Secretary. 


Tne  Entomological  Section 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES,  PHILADELPHIA. 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  MEETINGS. 


OCTOBER  25,   1894. 

A  regular  stated  meeting  of  the  Entomological  Section  of  the  Academy 
of  Natural  Sciences  was  held  in  the  Hall,  S.  W.  cor.  Nineteenth  and  R.u  v 
Streets,  this  evening,  Dr.  Geo.  H.  Horn,  director,  presiding.  Mr.  Laurent 
exhibited  an  abnormal  specimen  of  Longicorn  beetle,  Ecyrus  dasycenis. 


324  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [December, 

The  right  antenna  was  normal  to  the  third  joint,  at  which  point  another 
antenna  originated.  Dr.  Horn  remarked  that  it  is  curious  that  all  ab- 
normalities of  the  antennas  in  beetles  seem  to  originate  with  the  third 
joint.  He  also  called  attention  to  his  recently  published  paper  on  the 
Coleoptera  of  Lower  California.  Dwelling  on  the  deformities  of  Coleop- 
tera,  he  stated  that  it  was  impossible  to  account  for  them.  Certain  char- 
acters in  beetles  seem  to  be  deformities,  and  the  Egyptian  Scarabaeus  with 
its  two  large  humps  at  the  base  of  the  elytra,  was  cited  as  an  example. 
These  he  believed  to  represent  another  form  of  ornamentation,  which  has 
developed  into  tubercles.  Mr.  Calvert  showed  two  nymphs  of  Odonata 
collected  in  Fairmount  Park,  Philadelphia,  by  Mr.  Seiss.  One  species, 
Hagenius  brevistylus,  which,  although  recorded  from  New  York  and 
Maryland,  had  not  been  reported  from  Pennsylvania.  The  peculiar  form 
of  the  nymph  was  remarked  on.  Pantala  flavescens,  the  other  species 
is  cosmopolitan;  the  nymphs  of  this  species  were  taken  on  a  tree,  some 
distance  from  the  water,  at  a  height  of  about  three  feet.  He  also  stated 
that  he  had  found  a  male  specimen  of  Gomphus  lividus  in  a  collection  of 
local  Odonata  given  him  by  Mr.  Johnson.  The  speaker  was  subsequently 
informed  by  Mr.  Johnson  that  the  specimen  had  been  taken  by  Mr.  Philip 
Nell,  at  Fern  Rock,  near  Jenkintown,  Pa. 

WM.  J.  Fox,  Acting  Recorder. 


The  following  papers  were  read  and  accepted  by  the  Committee  for 
publication  in  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  : 


A  NEW  SPECIES  OF  LEPIDOCYRTUS. 

By  F.   L.   HARVEY,  Orono,  Me. 

Lepidocyrtus  cephalopurpureus  n.  sp. 

Description. — Head  obovate,  broadest  and  deepest  at  the  insertion  of 
the  antennae.  Eye  patches  darker  than  the  rest  of  the  head  and  bearing 
eight  ocelli,  arranged  as  in  L.  lignorum  (Monograph  Collembola,  pi.  55). 
Head  dark  purple;  antennae,  a  ventral  patch  between  the  legs  and  the 
base  of  the  legs  always  more  or  less  purple.  Occasionally  the  color 
patches  were  deeper  tinted,  and  in  a  few  specimens  the  purple  extended 
over  the  whole  body.  In  some  specimens  there  was  also  purple  on  the 
anterior  border  of  the  mesonotum.  The  remainder  of  the  body  not  pur- 
ple was  pale  dirty  yellowish  white,  with  iridescent  scales  and  silvery  re- 
flections. Antennas  hairy,  stout  one-fourth  the  length  of  the  body  and 
head,  4-jointed,  jointed  in  the  ratio  5:13:14:18  in  one  specimen,  and  4:13: 
20:25  in  another;  basal  joint  paler  colored.  Head  carried  obliquely  for- 
ward and  downward  making  nearly  a  right  angle  with  the  general  direc- 
tion of  the  mesonotum.  The  fore  part  of  the  body  elevated  when  walk- 


1 894.] 


ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 


325 


ing.     The  side  view  is  shown  enlarged  thirty-two  times  in  fig.  i.     The 
dorsal  view  is  shown  in  fig.  2.     Mesonotum  much  longer  than  the  pro- 
jecting portion  of  the  head,  which  is  often  nearly  or  entirely  obscured  in 


Fig.  I. 

dorsal  view.  Mesonotum  two  and  a  half  times  as  long  as  the  next  four 
segments  taken  together,  and  nearly  as  long  as  the  sixth  segment,  and 
bearing  on  its  anterior  border  conspicuous  broad  scales  and  hairs  making 
a  ruff  that  projects  forward  and  downward.  Body  sparsely 
hairy;  a  few  long  bowed  hairs  on  the  back  near  the  union 
of  the  sixth  and  seventh  segments  and  a  tuft  of  shorter 
ones  near  the  base  of  the  spring.  Spring  long  and  slen- 
der, clothed  with  scales  and  hairs  to  the  end  and  few  hairs 
projecting  beyond  the  mucrones.  Manubrium  one-fifth 
shorter  than  the  remainder;  denies  curved  near  their  at- 
tachment to  the  manubrium,  very  slender,  transparent 
and  curved  near  the  end.  The  lower  edge  dilated  crenu- 
late.  The  crenulae  gradually  smaller  to- 
ward the  end,  which  are  armed  with  scat- 
tered bristles.  Mucrones  conspicuously 
two-toothed  near  the  end  and  bearing  on 
the  ventral  aspect  a  long  spine  which 
points  toward  the  lower  tooth;  see  fig.  3. 
Legs  very  long,  stout  and  hairy.  The 
femora  and  posterior  trochanters  light 
colored.  Claws  long  and  slender ;  the 
longer  bearing  two  small  teeth  on  the 
inner  face;  short  claw  half  as  long  as  the  other.  A  single 
tenent  hair  half  as  long  as  the  longer  claw  and  bulbous 
Fig  2.  at  the  end;  see  fig.  4. 

Measurements. ~ Total  length  1.75  mm.;  head  .35  mm.  long,  1.75  mm. 
deep;  antennae  .46  mm.;  ratio  of  joints  5:13:14:18  in  one  specimen,  4:13: 
20:25  in  another.  Body  1.38  mm.;  ratio  of  segments  12:1^:1:1^:2:12^: 
3:1.  Spring  i. 04  mm.;  manubrium  .46  mm.,  dentes  575  mm.,  mucrones 
25  mm.  Scales  of  the  mesonotum  115  mm.  long;  longer  claw  45  mm. 


326  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

Hab. — In  stored  celery  in  the  cellar  during  February,  March 
and  April,  1894,  Orono,  Me.,  F.  L.  Harvey. 

Associated  with  species  mentioned  in  a  previous  article  in  the 
NEWS  as  found  in  celery. 

Remarks. — A  fragile,  sluggish  species.  Walks  with  a  slow, 
clumsy,  awkward  gait.  The  body  is  so  narrow  and  deep  and  the 
legs  so  long,  there  is  a  tendency  to  tottle  over  on  the  side.  Does 
not  jump  much  unless  disturbed;  feigns  death,  drawing  the  head 
under  the  mesonotum  and  remaining  a  long  time  apparently  dead. 
We  examined  specimens  without  cover-glass  and  some  died  with- 
out a  struggle.  The  damp,  dark  cellar  may  have  caused  a  sensi- 
tiveness unnatural  to  them  out-of-doors. 

The  dorsal  and  side  views  were  made  by  Mr.  Emerton  from 
live  specimens.  Those  of  the  mucrone  and  claw  by  the  writer. 

Relationship. — This  species  resembles,  in  form,  Lubbock's  fig. 
of  L.  curvicollis  Bourlet  (Collembola,  pi.  25),  but  the  mesonotum 
is  not  so  pointed  in  front,  but  deeper  and  more  straight  along  the 
lower  border.  We  have  not  been  able  to  see  the  prothorax  so 
conspicuously  figured  by  Lubbock.  The  coloring  is  very  differ- 
ent. Our  specimens  have  the  head  and  antennae  conspicuously 
darker  than  the  remainder  of  the  body  and  purple.  The  last 
joint  of  the  antennae  is  conspicuously  longer  than  the  third  seg- 
ment. Lubbock  gives  2  mm.  as  the  size  of  L.  curvicollis,  while 
out  of  two  dozen'specimens  none  equaled  that  size.  The  coloring 
of  the  legs  is  different. 

Distinguishing  characters. — Purple  head  and  antennae  and 
darker  eye  patches,  terminal  joint  of  antennae  longer  than  third, 
elevated  front  of  the  body  and  projecting  mesonotum  deep  and 
rounded  in  front;  oblique  setting  of  the  head  half  concealed 
under  the  mesonotum.  Long,  slender  spring,  transparent  and 
curved  near  the  end,  bearing  dilated  crenules  on  the  lower  edge 
and  scattered  bristles  toward  the  end. 


-o- 


Notes  on  a  remarkable  "  interfaunal"  Hybrid  of  Smerinthus. 

By  B.  NEUMOEGEN,  New  York. 
Smerinthus  hybr.  Interfannus  Neum. 

I  have  before  me  a  dozen  examples  of  this  remarkable  hybrid, 
all  alike  in  appearance,  and  produced  not  by  artificial  means, 
but  in  free  nature.  Mr.  Gustav  Rix,  of  this  city,  imports  every 


8IQ4-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  327 

year  from  Germany  the  pupae  of  Sphingidae  for  his  own  conve- 
nience and  pleasure.  About  one  and  a  quarter  years  ago  there 
emerged  a  healthy  9  of  Smerinthus  ocellalus  L.,  and  Mr.  Rix, 
tempted  by  its  fresh  and  large  appearance,  tied  it  to  a  twig  of  the 
common  Syringa,  to  see  whether  this  German  belle  would  not 
attract  over  night  an  American  "  beau' '  of  the  Smerinthus  family. 
Great  was  his  surprise  when  he  found  next  morning  a  £  of  Pa- 
onias  astylus  Dru.  in  coitu  with  the  6".  ocellatus.  The  fructified 
eggs  were  carefully  attended  to  and  a  number  of  larvae,  about 
fifty,  were  raised  from  it,  which  pupated  in  the  fall  of  1893.  Out 
of  these  chrysalids  Mr.  Rix  obtained  this  Summer  about  twenty- 
five  imagos,  all  males,  of  which,  by  inadvertency,  however,  about 
half  were  destroyed,  but  luckily,  enough  material  was  left  to 
enable  me  to  give  the  following  description.  Twenty  more 
healthy  pupae  left  from  the  original  lot  seem  to  hibernate  for  the 
second  time,  and  are  now  under  the  paternal  care  of  Mr.  Doll, 
so  that  as  many  specimens  as  possible  may  be  obtained  ot  this 
wonderful  hybrid.  It  is  strange  that  so  many  pupae  should  be 
raised  from  such  a  peculiar  contact,  but  Prof.  John  B.  Smith 
agrees  with  me  in  the  opinion  that  this  probably  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  copulation  took  place  in  free  nature,  and  was  not '  'forced. 

All  these  hybrids  look  remarkably  alike.  They  are  all  nearly 
of  the  normal  large  size  of  .5".  ocellatus  measuring  from  67.  mm.- 
73.  mm.  across  wings.  The  shape  of  primaries  is  more  of  the 
peculiar  cut  of  P.  astylus  on  an  enlarged  scale,  while  the  secon- 
daries are  those  of  61.  ocellatus  with  less  dentation  of  outer  margin 
near  anal  angle. 

The  following  peculiarities  are  uniform  in  all  examples  : 

A  large,  brown,  thoracical  centre  stripe  from  head  to  body,  like  in  as- 
tylus. Entire  absence  of  the  scalloped  outer  margin  of  primaries,  so 
prominent  in  ocellatus.  Only  faint  traces  of  discal  spot;  transverse  lines 
in  primaries  much  less  undulated  than  in  ocellatus,  and  the  basal  space  of 
the  trian».ilar  appearance  of  astylus,  formed  by  the  diagonal  line  from 
basal  part  of  costa  joining  marginal  dash  on  submedian.  Coloration  of 
primaries  a  mixture  of  ocellatus  and  astylus,  with  a  fresh  rosy  hue  pre- 
vailing. Secondaries  light  chestnut  with  basal  area  of  light  rose;  the 
ocellus,  although  smaller  than  in  ocellatus,  is  about  twice  the  size  of 
astylus,  with  a  heavy  black  rim  and  centre.  Below,  both  wings  like  in 
ocellatus,  with  the  entire  absence  of  discal  dot  in  primaries.  Abdomen 
light  chestnut,  with  an  overcast  of  light  rose. 

Types  (males),  coll.  B.  Neumoegen. 


328  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

DESCRIPTIONS  OF  NEW  HYMENOPTERA. 

By  T.  D.  A.  COCKERELL,  Agr.  Exp.  Sta.,  Las  Cruces,  N.  M. 

Perdita  luteola  sp.  nov.  $. — About  5  mm.  long;  entirely  canary-yellow, 
except  the  greenish  eyes,  the  black  ocelli,  a  small  black  spot  adjacent  to 
the  upper  anterior  margin  of  each  eye,  and  the  more  or  less  blackish  hind 
tarsi.  Head  seen  from  the  front  transversely  broadly  oval;  tongue  about 
as  long  as  thorax;  occiput  with  sparse,  pale  hairs.  Mesothorax  anteriorly 
with  a  distinct  central  groove;  parapsidal  grooves  very  short.  Abdomen 
shiny,  the  terminal  third  with  sparse,  pale  hairs;  legs  similarly  hirsute. 
Wings  hyaline,  stigma  and  nervures  very  yellowish:  marginal  cell  about 
as  long  as  stigma,  abruptly  truncate:  first  submarginal  very  large,  quad- 
rate, twice  as  long  as  broad;  second  submarginal  triangular,  its  outer 
nervure  concave,  the  others  straight. 

Hab. — In  the  grounds  of  the  Agricultural  College,  Las  Cruces, 
N.  Mex.,  September,  1894,  numerous  on  yellow  flowers  of  Com- 
posite, the  color  of  which  they  exactly  match. 

The  beautiful  uniform  yellow  color  at  once  separates  this  from 
any  species  of  which  I  have  seen  a  description. 

Parnopes  festivus  sp.  nov.  £. — Length  about  9  mm.;  of  anterior  wings, 
5.5  mm.  Allied  to  P.  chrysoprasinus  Smith;  postscutellum  deeply  notched; 
colors  green,  pinkish  coppery  and  purple.  Head,  thorax  and  abdomen 
strongly  and  closely  punctured,  on  disc  of  thorax  almost  reticulate.  Teg- 
ulas  likewise  punctured.  Head  green,  crown  shining  rosy,  occiput  pur- 
plish. Face  excavated;  mandibles  testaceous,  their  ends  black.  Antennae 
yellowish  brown,  with  sericeous  pile,  first  two  joints  of  flagellum  some- 
what darker,  scape  greenish,  shining,  basal  joint  dark  brown.  Tongue 
about  as  long  as  thorax.  Prothorax  pinkish  coppery,  punctures  more  or 
less  green,  anterior  portion  adjacent  to  head  purplish.  Mesothorax  dor- 
sally  purplish  green;  subdorsally  pinkish  coppery  with  green  punctures, 
laterally  similar.  Tegulae  pale  reddish  brown,  lighter  towards  edges,  not 
at  all  green;  scutellum  dull  green,  this  and  the  postscutellum  with  some 
appressed,  pale  yellowish  hairs  towards  the  sides.  Postscutellum  with 
the  central  projecting  portion  broadly  truncate,  widely  notched  in  the 
middle,  and  presenting  a  small  notch  on  each  side;  metathorax  purple, 
with  green  reflections.  Abdomen  with  bases  of  segments  purple,  central 
portion  pinkish  coppery,  remainder  green,  except  the  margin  of  terminal 
segment,  which  is  broadly  purplish  brown.  Terminal  segment  with  two 
deep  excavations,  each  with  appressed  yellowish  white  silky  hairs;  lateral 
distal  margins  of  two  previous  segments  clothed  with  similar  hairs;  mar- 
gin of  last  segment  with  about  twelve  small  teeth.  Coxa;,  trochanters 
and  femora  dark  purplish,  except  their  fulvous  distal  extremities;  tibiae 
and  tarsi  reddish  brown,  with  short  pubescence.  Wings  smoky,  veins 
dark  brown. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  329 

Hab. — Las  Cruces,  N.  Mex.  The  typical  specimen,  now  in 
coll.  Amer.  Ent.  Soc.  was  caught  by  Prof.  C.  H.  T.  Townsend 
on  Aug.  ii,  1894.  Another  specimen,  retained  in  the  coll.  of 
N.  Mex.  Exper.  Station,  was  taken  by  the  present  writer  on  July 
12,  1893. 

Three  species  of  Parnopes  are  known  already  from  America, 
viz. :  P.  chrysoprasinus  Smith,  1874,  from  North  Carolina  ;  P. 
edwardsii  Cress.,  1879,  from  California  and  Vancouver  Island; 
and  P.  fulvicornis  Cam.,  1888,  from  Mexico.  The  present  spe- 
cies is  allied  to  chrysoprasinus,  but  appears  to  be  fully  distinct; 
it  occupies  just  that  portion  of  country  where  one  might  have 
looked  for  a  new  species,  judging  from  the  distribution  of  the 
known  forms.  Although  when  examined  with  a  lens  it  is  a  most 
brilliant  insect,  looked  at  from  a  short  distance  it  seems  quite 
dull,  owing  to  the  peculiar  blending  of  the  colors. 


-o- 


THECLA  CALIFORNIA  Edw. 
By  H.  G.  DYAR,  New  York. 

Larva. — Head  greenish  testaceous,  brownish  around  the  mouth,  labrum 
pale,  jaw?  black.  Body  flat  ventrally,  with  a  subventral  ridge;  sides 
sloping,  dorsum  flat,  widest  where  the  body  is  highest  (joint  5)  and  nar- 
rowing to  each  extremity;  covered  with  minute  white  granulations  and 
fine,  short,  white  pile.  Color  soft,  light  green,  whitish  on  the  sides;  a 
pair  of  distinct,  white,  subdorsal  lines,  beginning  on  joint  3  near  together, 
widening  to  joint  5,  where  they  are  1.6  mm.  apart,  and  then  gradually 
narrowing  posteriorly,  becoming  fainter  and  somewhat  diffuse  on  joints 
11-13.  A  similar  very  distinct  line  on  the  subventral  ridge,  obsolete  on 
joint  2,  but  distinct  even  to  the  anal  plate.  On  the  sides,  between  these 
lines,  is  a  series  of  oblique,  faint,  white  lines,  two  on  each  segment,  joined 
at  their  tops.  The  cervical  shield  in  the  centre  of  joint  2  is  small,  indis- 
tinct, sunken,  irregularly  triangular.  Length  of  larva  15  mm.;  width  4.5 
mm. 

Chrysalis. — Flattened  ventrally;  abdomen  large,  rounded,  the  segments 
appressed,  motionless,  a  slight  depression  behind  the  thorax.  All  mi- 
nutely pilose.  General  color  Indian  purple,*  mottled  with  blackish,  the 
cases  dull  greenish  heavily  mottled  with  black.  An  obtuse,  paler,  sub- 
dorsal  line  (the  two  1.2  mm.  apart)  and  a  faint  black  dorsal  line,  the  latter 
running  the  whole  length.  Length  9.5  mm.;  width  4.5  mm. 

Food-plant. — Willow  (Salix*}.     Larvae  from  Yosemite,  Cal. 

*  Ridgway's  Nomenclature  of  Colors,  pi.  viii,  fig.  6. 


33°  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

Some  Beautiful  New  Forms  of  N.  American  Aegeridse. 

By  B.  NEUMOEGEN,  New  York. 

Sciapteron  dollii  nov.  sp. — Antennae  pectinated  in  J\  minutely  biserrate 
in  9  >  thickening  towards  tips,  the  latter  armed  with  small  tufts  of  black 
hair.  Light  brown  in  tf,  but  entirely  black  in  9 ,  base  and  tips  being 
dark  orange.  Eyes  black,  with  an  inner  luteous  rim.  Collar  dark  chest- 
nut, with  two  transverse  edges  of  deep  orange.  Patagiae  dark  chestnut 
with  lateral  lines  of  deep  orange,  changing  into  luteous  tufts  at  junction 
of  body.  Abdomen  glossy,  very  dark  chestnut  with  reddish  orange  seg- 
ments, segments  2  and  4  having  bright  yellow  edges.  Below  blackish, 
with  deep  orange  segments,  fringed  with  yellow.  Anal  tuft  chestnut- 
brown,  intermixed  with  yellowish  hair.  Legs  blackish,  with  yellow  tarsi 
and  two  pairs  of  yellow  tibial  spines;  coxae  edged  with  grayish  hair  below 
and  tibiae  with  deep  orange  hair  above.  Primaries  dark  chestnut,  opaque 
with  basal  spot  and  basal  part  of  median  vein  a  deep  orange,  the  latter 
with  a  lower  yellowish  streak.  Secondaries  vitreous,  with  costal  and 
broad  marginal  shades  of  dark  chestnut,  reaching  nearly  as  far  as  cell  and 
fading  inwardly  into  reddish  orange  tints.  Prominent  discal  spot  of  dark 
chestnut,  surrounded  by  reddish  orange  granules;  a  basal  dot  of  deep 
orange.  Fringes  of  both  wings  of  a  lighter  shade.  Below,  primaries  of 
reddish  orange  fading  into  luteous  at  base;  entire  marginal  part  between 
cell,  costa  and  margins,  much  darker,  and  in  many  specimens  entirely 
chestnut.  Secondaries  as  above,  with  more  reddish  orange  granules  than 
surface;  reddish  orange  costa;  anal  tuft  yellowish  above.  Expanse  of 
wings:  <j\  28.  mm.;  °-i  35-  nim.  Length  of  body:  <j\  8.  mm.;  $,12  mm. 

Hab. — Vicinity  of  New  York  City.  Types  £  and  9  coll. 
B.  Neumoegen.  Obs.  also  coll.  }.  Doll. 

This  form  conies  very  near  6".  castancum  Hy.  Edw.,  of  which 
I  have  the  type,  a  9  ,  but  the  more  intense  coloring  of  the  an- 
tennae, body  and  wings,  and  especially  the  different  ornamenta- 
tion of  the  abdominal  segments  make  it  a  distinct  species,  which 
is  easily  separated  from  the  Texan  6".  castaneum,  even  at  a  furtive 
glance.  It  is  a  matter  of  great  satisfaction  to  find  such  a  beautiful 
new  insect  so  near  at  home,  and  we  owe  it  to  my  faithful  co- 
worker,  Mr.  J.  Doll,  who  found  it  ravaging  some  kind  of  poplar. 

Sciapteron  seminole  nov.  spec. — Antennas  luteous  with  brown  ringlets, 
of  lighter  color  at  stem  and  tips;  the  latter  with  tuft  of  yellowish  hair. 
Head  and  eyes  light  brown,  the  latter  with  inner  yellow  rims.  Palpi  light 
brown  with  dark  tips.  Light  brown  collar  with  reddish  edge,  and  patagias 
light  brown  with  yellow  basal  and  lateral  edges.  Abdomen  and  anal  tuft 
light  reddish  brown,  yellow  segments;  the  first  four  with  black  lines,  the 
basal  and  second  segment  prominently  so.  Legs  yellowish  above,  brown- 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  331 

ish  below,  fringed  with  reddish  brown  hair;  tarsi  with  black  granules; 
two  pairs  of  prominent  yellow  tibial  spines.  Primaries  light  chestnut, 
with  yellow  basal  spot  and  yellow  streak  at  basal  part  of  median;  reddish 
basal  tint  of  inner  margin.  Fringes  concolorous.  Secondaries  vitreous, 
opalescent;  costa,  nerves,  discal  spot,  terminal  lines  and  fringes  of  light 
chestnut.  The  discal  spot  is  a  mere  short  streak  of  cross-vein  in  light 
chestnut;  reddish  brown  tints.  Below  as  above,  the  light  chesnut  shad- 
ing into  reddish  brown,  yellowish  basal  area  of  primaries  and  along  costa 
to  about  its  centre,  where  reddish  granules  appear  along  subcostal.  Ex- 
panse of  wings  39.  mm.  Length  of  body  13.  mm. 

Hab. — Florida.     Type  9   coll.  B.  Neumoegen. 
Very  near  S.  castaneum  Hy.  Edw. ,  but  easily  distinguished  by 
the  abdominal  segments  and  vitreous  secondaries. 

Alcathoe  caudatum  ab.  walkeri  nov.  ab. — Antennae  black,  with  light 
yellow  inner  edges  and  tips.  Head,  eyes,  thorax,  abdomen,  caudal  ap- 
pendage and  anal  tuft,  intensely  black.  Legs  and  their  hairy  tuft  dark 
black,  with  yellow  tips  of  tarsi,  the  latter  being  yellowish  in  front  pair. 
Wings  the  same  as  in  typical  $.  but  of  an  intense  lustrous  black. 

Type  £  coll.  B.  Neumoegen.    Obs.  also  coll.  Doll  and  Walker. 

Mr.  I.  V.  D.  Walker,  of  Jamaica,  L.  I.,  to  whom  I  dedicate 
this  splendid  aberration,  was  the  first  one  to  discover  it  about  a 
year  ago.  Since  then  Mr.  Doll  has  raised  two  more  identical 
specimens  from  a  number  of  typical  males.  If  it  were  not  for 
this  fact  and  the  typical  wings,  this  insect  could  be  easily  taken 
for  a  different  species. 

Sannina  exitiosa  var.  luminosa  nov.  var. — Head,  collar,  fringes  of  pa- 
tagise  as  well  as  all  abdominal  segments  of  the  brightest  yellow.  Prima- 
ries, costal,  subcostal,  vein  8,  as  well  as  basal  part  of  median,  the  entire 
interior  margin  and  the  outer  edge  of  discal,  of  a  metallic  golden  reflec- 
tion; highly  opalescent.  Secondaries,  costa,  marginal  line,  as  well  as  all 
veins  of  the  most  beautiful  metallic  golden  sheen,  which,  united  to  the 
opalescence  of  wings,  gives  it  the  appearance  of  golden  sunlight  playing 
on  a  ground  of  mother  of  pearl.  Below,  the  same  beautiful  metallic  gol- 
den reflection  on  highly  opalescent  wings. 

Types  (males),  coll.  B.  Neumoegen.     Obs.  also  coll.  J.  Doll. 
Words  cannot  adequately  describe  this  magnificent    $  varia- 
tion, raised  in  a  number  of  examples  by  Mr.  Doll  this  year. 


Many  specimens  of  beetles  have  two  eyes  on  each  side  of  the  head,  one 
superior  to  the  other. — Newspaper. 


332  ENTOMOLOGICAL   NEWS.  [December, 

A  NEW  EUDAMUS. 

By  Dr.  HENRY  SKINNER,  Philadelphia. 

Eudamus  outis  n.  sp. — This  species  is  somewhat  smaller  than  bathyllus, 
but  in  color  comes  closer  to  moschus  and  hippalus.  If  the  recent  subdi- 
visions of  the  genus  are  accepted  it  would  go  in  the  genus  Cogia  along 
with  hippalus.  It  expands  one  and  three-eights  inches  (distance  from 
middle  of  thorax  to  apex  of  wing  doubled).  The  superior  wings  have 
the  same  translucent  white  spots  common  to  this  section  of  Eudamus. 
There  are  three  of  these  spots  on  the  outer  third  of  the  costa,  and  a 
smaller  point  below  and  toward  the  outer  margin.  In  the  centre  of  the 
costa  is  a  linear  spot  which  runs  parallel  to  the  costa;  below  this  in  the 
cell  is  the  largest  spot  of  all  and  hour-glass  in  shape:  below  this,  and  not 
in  line,  is  another  spot;  the  eighth  and  last  spot  is  in  the  centre  of  the 
outer  half  of  the  wing.  In  one  specimen  the  discal  spot  is  divided.  The 
inferiors  are  immaculate,  and  have  a  small  tuft  or  pencil  of  hairs  arising 
from  the  base  of  the  abdominal  fold.  Fringes  cinereous.  Underside: 
superiors  with  the  same  translucent  spots  as  above.  Inferiors  as  in  the 
other  allied  species.  It  may  be  readily  distinguished  from  the  other  spe- 
cies of  Eudamus  (except  hippalus)  by  the  tuft  of  hairs  on  the  secondaries. 
Differs  from  hippalus  in  not  having  the  characteristic  white  fringes  of  in- 
feriors and  is  a  much  smaller  species — being  only  about  one-half  the  size. 

Described  from  four  males  taken  in  Blanco  County,  Texas, 
Aug.  27,  1894.  Types  in  author's  collection. 


OBITUARY. 

ED.  LEFEVRE,  in  Paris.    Known  by  his  work  in  Entomology  and  Botany. 


ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS  for  November  was  mailed  November  2,  1894. 


Voi>.  V.  No.  1. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 


OF   THE 


ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 


OF 


PHILADELPHIA. 


JANUARY,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 

These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Coleoptera  of  N.  Am.  and  Mexico  wanted  by  purchase  or  exchange' 
large  collection. — Fred.  C.  Bowditch,  Tappan  St.,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  Plusia  balluca,  metallica  and  ampla  ;  also  the 
Hydrcecias.  Have  some  of  the  rarer  eastern  Noctuids  for  exchange.— 
Henry  Bird,  Rye,  N.  Y. 

Coleoptera  and  Hemiptera,  European  and  exotic,  also  postage  stamps 
of  Roumania,  offered  for  American  Hemiptera-Heteroptera  unnamed. — 
A.  L.  Montandon,  Strada  Viilor  filarete,  Bucarest,  Roumania. 

Lepidoptera. — Good  exchange  or  cash  given  for  specimens  of  Nadata 
doubledayi  Pack.  Also  wanted  any  of  the  rarer  Notodontidas  and  Lima- 
codidse. — Harrison  G.  Dyar,  599  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

Coleoptera. — -I  wish  to  obtain  Entomological  literature  in  any  language, 
especially  that  treating  of  Coleoptera  and  for  works  not  in  my  possession 
will  give  good  insects  from  the  West  and  from  Alaska,  mostly  Coleoptera. 
— H.  F.  Wickham,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  C.  semidea,  A.  montanus,  S.  modesta 
(imagos  and  pupae),  and  other  White  Mountain  material.  The  rarer 
Sphingidas  preferred. — R.  Ottolengui,  115  Madison  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal)  of  Iowa  to  exchange  for  species  of  same  order  not 
in  my  collect  on. — Henry  G.  Willard,  Grinnell,  Iowa. 

Coleoptera. — Price-lists  wanted. — Dr.  E.  B.  Stephens,  Plymouth,  Mass. 

Cynipidae. — Named  or  unnamed  Cynipidae  wanted  by  purchase  or  ex- 
change. Always  accompany  the  flies  with  their  galls  when  possible. — C. 
P.  Gillette,  Ft.  Collins,  Col. 

Orthoptera. — For  exchange:  Mexican  Lepidoptera,  unmounted,  for  lit- 
erature, in  any  language,  on  N.  A.  Orthoptera.  Also  Indiana  Orthoptera 
for  others  from  any  part  of  N.  A. — W.  S.  Blatchley,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Orthoptera. — I  desire  to  procure,  by  purchase,  exchange,  or  for  identifi- 
cation, specimens  of  the  genus  Spharagemon  from  all  parts  of  the  country. 
-Albert  P.  Morse,  Wellesley  College,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Bred  specimens  of  Actias  selene,  hybrids  from  luna  et 
selene,  cecropia  et  gloveri,  cecropia  et  ceanothi,  and  other  rare  moths; 
cocoons  of  angufifera,  luna  and  P.  pithecium;  lists  exchanged. — Emily 
L.  Morton,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  luna,  cecropia,  promethea,  gloveri, 
ceanothi,  regalis,  imperialis  and  others;  also  pupae  of  Sphingidae,  against 
Lepid.  ofEur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Lepidoptera. — American  diurnals  wanted.  Will  buy  or  exchange.  Hes- 
peridas  and  Lycaenidae  especially  desired. — Henry  Skinner,  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences,  Logan  Square,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Odonata. — Dragonflies.  Species  not  in  my  collection  wanted  from  all 
parts  of  the  world.  N.  American  species  given  in  exchange,  or  named 
by  special  agreement. — P.  P.  Calvert,  Acad.  of  Nat.  Sciences,  Phila.,  Pa. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  W.  Russell,  M.D.,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

I  am  desirous  of  collecting  in  any  of  the  Orders  in  Northwestern  Ohio  ; 
write  me. — N.  Sager,  jr.,  Herring,  P.  O.,  Allen  Co.,  Ohio. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  Weeks, 
Jr.,  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

(Continued  on  third  page.) 


EXCHANGES— (Continued) 

Lepidoptera.— A  few  rare  Indian  Lepidoptera  to  exchange  for  rare  spe- 
cies from  the  Northwest.— Levi  W.  Mengel,  Reading,  Pa. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desired  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico.— Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

I  desire  to  dispose  of  Japanese  insects  by  sale  or  exchange,  and  of  A. 
yamamai  and  silk-worm  ova  at  once;  correspondence  solicited;  refer  by 
per.  to  Prof.  C.  V.  Riley. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

§&Wii$8X<*..—AegialitesFuchsn  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Address  G.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Hybrid  cocoons  of  Ceanothi  et  Cecropia  in  exchange  for 
rare,  perfect  specimens  of  Sphingidae,  Arctiidse,  Bombycidae,  Catocalas 
and  Diurni  not  in  my  collection.— Dr.  R.  E.  Kunze",  606  Third  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera.— I  have  on  hand  a  large  supply  of  duplicates  to  exchange 
for  insects  of  the  same  order  not  in  my  collection.  Correspondents  es- 
pecially desired  from  the  S.  W.  and  N.  W.  part  of  the  U.  S.  Send  list  of 
duplicates  to  Leigh  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford  Ave.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera.— Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Theclas,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  imperialis,  gloveri,  to,  ce- 
cropia,  polyphemus,  promeihea  and  others,  as  well  as  pups, — against  Le- 
pidoptera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepdoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver  J.  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — We  wish  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  live 
larva;  or  pupae  of  Ecpantheria  scribonia  and  images  of  Erebus  odora. — 
Field  Brothers,  Milton,  Mass. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.— Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — Am  in  want  of  live  pupae  of  Papilios  and  Pierids,  and 
imagos  in  papers,  especially  varieties  from  any  part  of  U.  S.  Can  offer 
in  return  many  rare  butterflies  from  India,  Africa,  Australia,  etc.;  also 
cocoons  and  imagos  of  Indian,  Chinese  and  Japanese  silk  moths. — John 
Watson,  177  Moss  Lane,  East  Moss  Side,  Manchester,  England. 

Lepidoptera. — Three  thousand  duplicates  for  exchange.  Send  list  of 
duplicates.  Correspondence  solicted.— P.  C.  Truman,  Volga,  S.  Dakota. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus.— James  Tough,  2348.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera.— I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange. — F.  Burns,  Yerdi,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera.— Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tcttigina:  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
—  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Germany. — I  desire  to  exchange  German  Lepidnptera  and  Coleoptera 
for  specimens  from  the  Southern  and  Western  States. — Fine  specimens 
and  many  rare  ones. — Wm.  Kayser,  Wapakoneta,  Ohio. 


P.O.  STOCKHAUSEN.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTEH   55  N.  7TH  ST  .  PHILA.  PA. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological  Society. 

Annual  subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

Advertiseing  Rates:  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 

yss-  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer. 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.     Hesperidse  and  Lycaenidse  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.   HENRY   SKINNER, 

Academy  of  Natural  Sciences, 

Log-an  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 

TO  STUDENTS  OF  ODONATA. 

The  recent  publication  of  Mr.  P.  P.  Calvert  entitled,  "Catalogue  of  the 
Odonata  —  Dragonflies  of  the  vicinity  of  Philadelphia,  with  an  Introduction  to 
the  Study  of  this  Group  of  Insects"  (Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  September,  1893),  is 
of  special  importance  to  all  students  of  the  group;  being  not  only  a  de- 
scription and  synonymy  of  sixty-six  species  found  about  Philadelphia,  but  an 
exhaustive  general  account  of  the  Odonata,  together  with  bibliography  and 
synoptic  tables,  giving  characters  of  the  families  and  genera;  124  pp.,  2  plates. 
Price  $1.OO  per  copy.  Address: 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 

P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

CERAMBYCID/E. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  COLE- 

OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOTVDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookliue,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A» 

A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  IMPORTERS  OF 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 

FOLOI'NG  ENET  Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 

Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List. 


VOL,.  V.  No.  2. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


FEBRUARY,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


EXCHANGES 

Mot  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 

4®="  These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  one* 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued.  

Goleoptera  of  N.  Am.  and  Mexico  wanted  by  purchase  or  exchange; 
large  collection. — Fred.  C.  Bowditch,  Tappan  St.,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  Plusia  balluca,  meta/lica  and  ampla  ;  also  the 
Hydrcecias.  Have  some  of  the  rarer  eastern  Noctuids  for  exchange. — 
Henry  Bird,  Rye,  N.  Y. 

Goleoptera  and  Heniiptera,  European  and  exotic,  also  postage  stamps 
of  Roumania,  offered  for  American  Hemiptera-Heteroptera  unnamed. — _ 
A.  L.  Montandon,  Strada  Viilor  filarete,  Bucarest,  Roumania. 

Lepidoptera. — Good  exchange  or  cash  given  for  specimens  of  Nadata 
doubledayi  Pack.  Also  wanted  any  of  the  rarer  Notodontidae  and  Lima- 
codidae. — Harrison  G.  Dyar,  599  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

Coleoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  Entomological  literature  in  any  language, 
especially  that  treating  of  Coleoptera  and  for  works  not  in  my  possession 
will  give  good  insects  from  the  West  and  from  Alaska,  mostly  Coleoptera. 
— H.  F.  Wickham,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Goleoptera. — Price-lists  wanted. — Dr.  E.  B.  Stephens,  Plymouth,  Mass. 

Cynipidae. — Named  or  unnamed  Cynipidae  wanted  by  purchase  or  ex- 
change. Always  accompany  the  flies  with  their  galls  when  possible. — C. 
P.  Gillette,  Ft.  Collins,  Col. 

Orthoptera. — For  exchange:  Mexican  Lepidoptera,  unmounted,  for  lit- 
erature, in  any  language,  on  N.  A.  Orthoptera.  Also  Indiana  Orthoptera 
for  others  from  any  part  of  N.  A. — W.  S.  Blatchley,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Orthoptera. — I  desire  to  procure,  by  purchase,  exchange,  or  for  identifi- 
cation, specimens  of  the  genus  SpJiaragemon  from  all  parts  of  the  country. 
—Albert  P.  Morse,  Wellesley  College,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Bred  specimens  of  Actias  selene,  hybrids  from  luna  et 
selene,  cecropia  et  gloveri,  cecropia  et  ceanothi,  and  other  rare  moths; 
cocoons  of  angulifera,  luna  and  P.  pithecimn;  lists  exchanged. — Emily 
L.  Morton,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  luna,  cecropia,  proniefhea,  glcveri, 
ceanothi,  rega/is,  iinperialis  and  others;  also  pupae  of  Sphingidas,  against 
Lepid.  of  Eur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Goleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  W.  Russell,  M.D.,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

I  am  desirous  of  collecting  in  any  of  the  Orders  in  Northwestern  Ohio  ; 
write  me. — N.  Sager,  Jr.,  Herring,  P.  O.,  Allen  Co.,  Ohio. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  Weeks, 
r.,  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Lepidoptera.— A  few  rare  Indian  Lepidoptera  to  exchange  for  rare  spe- 
cies from  the  Northwest.— Levi  W.  Mengel,  Reading,  Pa. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desirtd  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera.— Acgialitcs  Fiichsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  I  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvre  of  Eaclcs  rcgalh  and 
Spliin.v  inmlesla;  will  exchange  for  otner  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

(Continued  on  third  page.) 


EXCHANGES— (Continued) 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Addr.ess  G.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Hybrid  cocoons  of  Ceanothi  et  Cecropia  in  exchange  for 
rare,  perfect  specimens  of  Sphingidas,  Arctiidse,  Bombycidse,  Catocalae 
and  Diurni  not  in  my  collection. — Dr.  R.  E.  Kunze",  606  Third  Ave.,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  T/iec/as,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  imperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia,  polyphemus,  promethea  and  others,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Le- 
pidoptera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepdoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver].  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — We  wish  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  live 
larvae  or  pupae  of  Ecpantheria  scribonia  and  images  of  Erebus  odora. — 
Field  Brothers,  Milton,  Mass. 

Wanted.  -  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list. — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — Three  thousand  duplicates  for  exchange.  Send  list  of 
duplicates.  Correspondence  solicted. — P.  C.  Truman,  Volga,  S.  Dakota. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange. — F.  Burns,  Verdi,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigintz  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 

Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3151  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
America, i  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired.— J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
120  College-  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Tenthredinidae  of  all  parts  of  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hynien- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States 
in  abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidac,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae.  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Ifost  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOKtiKN,  40  Exchange  Mace,  »>v  York,  >T.  Y. 


P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN,  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINIEH   55  N.  7TH  ST  .  PHIL*.  P». 


INSECT 


K  L  A  E  G  E  R  .    Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

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original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

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ENGLISH.     Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

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Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

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Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 


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Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.     Hesperidae  and  Lycaenidae  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.   HENRY  SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Logan  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 

CERAMBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  C6LE- 
OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  TJ.  S.  A. 

A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  IMPORTERS  OF 

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f  Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

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Entomological  News 


AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 

o 


MARCH,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


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Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883 ...     $2.50 

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First  and  second  Supplements  to  same,  1887  and  1889,  each      .         .         .25 

Synopsis  of  Hymeuoptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
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cies and  Bibliography,  1887  ........  3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

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Uhler,  1886 .50 

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Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to  ....  .  .       6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Scuclder  (S.  H.)— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .  i.oo 

Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.       1.25 

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Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts      ...  .50 

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Smith  (J.  B.)— Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidce 

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British  Museum  (Natural  History),  S.  Kensington,  etc. 
Synonymic  Catalogue  of  Diurnal  Lepidoptera  with  Supplement, 

pp.  viii,  883.     1871-1877         ...  £i,  9S-,  6d. 

The  Supplement  separately,  pp.  viii,  691,  1883  (1877)  .  8s.,  6d. 

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Sphinges  and  Bombyces,  pp.  xii,  951  (1892)        .        .        .     £2,  23.,  o 
Synonymic  Catalogue  of  Neuroptera,  Odonata,  pp.  x,  202  (1890)          i6s. 
Only  2OO  copies  printed. 

GURNEY  &  JACKSON, 

(Mr.  Van  Voorst's  Successors.) 

1  Paternoster  Row,  London,  England. 

LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae.  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 
from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 

Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEGE3,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  K.  Y. 

PAPILIO  BUDDHA. 

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THE  NATURALIST'S  JOURNAL 

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INSECT  PlfiS. 

K  L  A  E  G  E  R .    Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

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C  ARLSBADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 

ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

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Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.  ABBOTT  FRAZAR, 

93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.     Hesperidae  and  Lycaenidse  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.  HENRY  SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Logan  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 

CERAMBYCID£, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  COLE- 

OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  TJ.  S.  A. 

A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  IMPORTERS  OF 

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R  JOINTED 
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Vol..  V.  No.  <4. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


-o- 


APRIL,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
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Entomological  Society. 

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BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 
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II  (1891), 2.00       " 

III  (1892), i.oo 

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Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883 $2-5° 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 
First  and  second  Supplements  to  same,  1887  and  1889,  each      .         .         .25 

Synopsis  of  Hymeiioptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887 3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Check  List  of  Hemiptera  Heteroptera  of  N.  America,  by  P.  R. 

Uhler,  1886 .50 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidae  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to 6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Scudder  (S.  H.)— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .         .         .       i.oo 
Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.       1.25 

Banks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts      .  .50 

Calvert  (P.  P.) — Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  i.oo 

Smith  (J.  B.) — Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidae 

found  in  Boreal  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  S  vo.       2.50 

Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  >T.  Y. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarte  Doubleday  (Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  Chio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  $2.25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

PAPILIO  BUDDHA. 

Finest  specimens,  each  $1.00,  or  thirteen  for  $10.00 

Address:  T.  Krapf,  missionary,  Bethel,  near  Bielefeld,  Germany. 

EXOTIC  LEPIDOPTERA  FOR  SALE. 

From  MALABAR:  Papilio  buddha,  ist  quality,  $1.00;  P.  buddha,  2d  qual., 
.50;  P.  polyinnestor,  ist  qual.,  .60;  P.  hector,  ist  qual.,  .20;  P.  polytes,  ist  qual., 
.15;  Hebom.  glaucippe,  ist  qual.,  .20;  Parthen.  v.  sylvia,  ist  qual.,  .20.  From 
BORNEO :•  Amatliuxidia  ottouiana,  2d  qual.,  $1.25;  Amaxidia  anrclius,  2d 
qual.,  2.50;  Zeuxidia  amethysttis,  2d  qual.,  i.oo;  Z,  doubledayi,  2d  qual.,  1.25; 
Thauniantis  odana,  2d  qual.,  .50. 

All  in  papers.     Write  to  GRAF-KRUSI,  Gais,  near  St.  Gall,  Switzerland. 

BUTTERFLY-NETS. 

Graf-Kriisi's  silk  nets,  with  steel  ring,  in  four  parts,  to  suit  any  stick,  have 
been  awarded  the  diploma  and  medal,  Class  I,  at  the  exhibition  in  Vienna. 
Price  each,  post-paid,  size  G,  $1.25;  size  K,  $1.00.  Write  direct  to  the  maker, 

GRAF-KRUSI,  Gais,  near  St.  Gall,  Switzerland. 

LEPIDOPTERA! 

Exotic  butterflies  for  sale,  very  low  prices.     Send  for  list. 

H.  K.  BURRISON,  West  Newton,  Mass. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFAlTUtEIltf  AXD  IMPORTERS  OF 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 

FOLOI'NG  ENET  Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 

.Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List. 

P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTER   55  N.  7TH  ST  ,  PHILA.  PA. 


INSECT  PlfiS. 

KLAEGER.    Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

Sizes  No.  oo  to  5  in  papers  of  500  each;  No.  6  and  larger,  250  each.  Sent 
postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  $1.05  per  thousand  in 
original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

C  ARLS8  ADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 
ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

(about  1450  in  a  package). 
SHEET  PEAT.     3A  *  4  x  12,  53  cents  per  dozen,  postpaid;  $3.50  per  gross. 

Express  extra. 

To  colleges  and  other  parties  ordering  in  large  quantities,  I  request  the 
privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.  ABBOTT  FRAZAR, 

93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

FOR  SALE, 

The  collection  of  the  late  Wilhelm  Jiilich,  consisting  of  over  thirty  thousand 
(30,000)  mounted  and  classified  Coleoptera  of  the  United  States.  This  col- 
lection is  the  work  of  thirty-nine  years,  and  is  in  excellent  condition. 

Address:  HERMAN  JULICH, 

8th  Ave.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


CERAWIBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGrlCORN  COLE- 
OPTERA of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.      Hesperida;  and  Lycamidsc  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.  HENRY  SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Log-an  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved.Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


Vol..  V.  No.  5. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

'ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


-o- 


MAY,  1894. 


EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological  Society. 

Animal  subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

Advertising  Rates  :  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 


All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 
the  wanting  volumes  now,  as  only  a  few  copies  are  left  over,  especially  of 
volume  2.  The  prices  are  as  follows: 

Volume     I  (1890),        .         .         .         .         .        $1.00  per  copy. 
II  (1891),        .....          2.oo       " 

III(l892),  .....  I.OO          " 

"        IV  (1893),        .....  i.oo       " 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883      .         .         .......     $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .  1.25 
Synopsis  of  Hymeuoptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 

Cresson.    Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 

cies and  Bibliography,  1887       ........       3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891  i.oo 
Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.)  —  Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidse  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to  .........       6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn.  —  Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 
Scudder  (S.  H.)  —  The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .         .         .1.00 

Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.  1.25 
Banks  (N.)  —  Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts  ....  .50 
Calvert  (P.  P.)  —  Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 

tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  .  i.oo 
Smith  (J.  B.)  —  Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctimke 

found  in  Boreal  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 

Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 
Address:  E.  T.  CRESSOX,  Treasurer,  V.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 
from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 

Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NETJMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarfe  Doubleday  {Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  Chio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  12.25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  #40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLDi  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

PAPILIO  BUDDHA. 

Finest  specimens,  each  $1.00,  or  thirteen  for  $10.00 

Address:  T.  Krapf,  missionary,  Bethel,  near  Bielefeld,  Germany. 

New  Publications. 

Coleoptera. — Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Alaska,  with  the  synonymy 

and  distribution,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D.,  1894,  38  pp.  .  .  .  .50 

Lepidoptera. — Descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species  of  (N.  American) 

Noctuidae,  by  John  B.  Smith,  1894,  30  pp.,  6  pi.  .  .  .50 

Diptera. — Notes  and  descriptions  of  N.  American  Bombylidae,  by  D.  W. 

Coquillett,  1894,  24  pp.       ..........    .30 

General. — The  Entomology  of  the  mid-alpine  zone  of  Custer  County, 

Colorado,  by  T.  D.  A.  Cockerell,  1893,  66  pp 75 

Sent  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

E.  T.  CRESSOX,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BUTTERFLYMNTETS! 

Graf-Kriisi's  silk  nets,  with  steel  ring,  in  four  parts,  to  suit  any  stick,  have 
been  awarded  the  diploma  and  medal,  Class  I,  at  the  exhibition  in  Vienna. 
Price  each,  post-paid,  size  G,  $1.25;  size  K,  $1.00.  Write  direct  to  the  maker, 

GRAF-KRUSI,  Gais,  near  St.  Gall,  Sivitxerland. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

BUNl'FACirRERS  AXD  IMPORTERS  OF 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting- 
Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 

FOLDING  NET  fe*$      Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 
Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List. 


P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN,  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTER  55  N.  7TH  ST  .  PHILA.  PA. 


INSECT 


j{  |_  A  E  G  E  R  .    Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

Sizes  No.  oo  to  5  in  papers  of  500  each;  No.  6  and  larger,  250  each.  Se*nt 
postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  #1.05  per  thousand  in 
original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

CARLSBADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 

ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

(about  1450  in  a  package). 
SHEET  PEAT.     3A  x  4  *  12,  53  cents  per  dozen,  postpaid;  $3.50  per  gross. 

Express  extra. 

To  colleges  and  other  parties  ordering  in  large  quantities,  I  request  the 
privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.  ABBOTT  FRAZAR, 

93  bUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,    MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

'  ,         HONDURAS  LEPIDOPTERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  and  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  WITTKUGEL, 

San  Pedro  Snla,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 


CERAMBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  COLE- 
OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappau  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.      Hesperidte  and  Lycaenidse  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.   HENRY  SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Log-an  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


VOL.  V.  No.  6. 


Entomological  News 


AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 

o 

JUNE,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GKO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OP 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological-  Society. 

Aiimial  subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

(Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada,  $1.20) 

Advertising  Rates :  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 

^®-  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 
the  wanting  volumes  now,  as  only  a  few  copies  are  left  over,  especially  of 
volume  2.  The  prices  are  as  follows: 

Volume     I  (1890), $1.00  per  copy. 

"         II  (1891), 2.oo 

III  (1892), i.oo 

"        IV  (1893),  .        .  i.oo       " 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883      .........     $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 

Synopsis  of  Hymeuoptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887  ........  3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepitloptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidae  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to  .........       6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Scudder  (S.  H.)-— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .         .         .       i.oo 
Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.       1.25 

Banks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts      ....        .50 

Calvert  (P.  P.)— Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  .  i.oo 

Smith  (J.  B.) — Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidas 

found  in  Jiore.il  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 

Price-Lists  of' other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 
Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEUEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynni5 
astarte  Doubleclay  (Victoria  Edvv.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  Chio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  $2. 25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

COLEOPTERA  FOR  SALE. 

A  collection  of  North  American  CARABIDJE,  numbering  465  species, 
represented  by  1200  specimens,  named  and  arranged  in  accordance  with  Hen- 
shaw's  List,  in  24  new  boxes  (Schmitt,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  standard  box).  Speci- 
mens are  i«  splendid  condition  and  include  many  varieties.  List  sent  on  appli- 
cation. W.  C.  WOOD, 

45  East  10th  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

LEPIDOPTERA  FOR  SALE, 

A  large  collection  of  Lepidoptera  of  about  7800  specimens  and  about  4000 
species,  in  fine  condition;  contains  fine  examples  from  Persia,  Amoor,  Afghan- 
istan, etc.;  3600  North  American  specimens;  apply  to 

A.  CONRADI,  Bethlehem,  Pa. 

New  Publications. 

Coleoptera. — Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Alaska,  with  the  synonymy 

and  distribution,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D.,  1894,  38  pp.  .  .  .  .50 

Lepidoptera. — Descriptions  of  new  genera  an  species  of  (N.  American) 

Noctuidae,  by  John  H.  Smith,  1894,  30  pp.,  6  pi 50 

Sent  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  121  NASSAU  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  AXD  IMPORTERS  OF 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 
Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 
Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List. 


R  JOINTED 
3LDING     NET 


P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTER  55  N.  ?TH  ST  ,  PHILA.  PA. 


INSECT  PlfiS. 

j{  L  A E G  E  R .    Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

Sizes  No.  oo  to  5  in  papers  of  500  each;  No.  6  and  larger,  -'50  each.  Sent 
postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  $1.05  per  thousand  in 
original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

C  ARLSB  ADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 

ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 
(about  1450  in  a  package). 

SHEET  PEAT.     3/&  x  4  *  ™,  53  cents  per  dozen,  postpaid;  13.50  per  gross. 
Express  extra.  • 

To  colleges  and  other  parties  ordering  in  large  quantities,  I  request  the 
privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.  ABBOTT  FRAZAR, 

93  bUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

HONDURAS  LEPIDOPTERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  and  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  W1TTKUGEL, 

San  Pedro  Stila,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 


CERAMBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  COLE- 
OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.      Hesperidae  and  LycaMiidsc  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Ur.   HENRY   SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Logan  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins  a  specialty.     Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


VOL,.  V.  No.  7. 


Entomological  News 


to 

AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


SEPTEMBER,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological  Society. 

Annual  subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

(Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada,  $1.20) 

Advertising  Rates:  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 

$&•  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 
the  wanting  volumes  now,  as  only  a  few  copies  are  left  over,  especially  of 
volume  2.  The  prices  are  as  follows: 

Volume     I  (1890),        .         .  .  $r.oo  per  copy. 

"         II  (1891), 2.oo       " 

III  (1892), i.oo 

"        IV  (1893),  i.oo       " 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883 ...     $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 

Synopsis  of  Hymeiioptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887  ........  3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidae  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to  .         .         .        .         .         .        .         .         .       6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Sciultler  (S.  H.) — The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .  .       i.oo 

Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.        1.25 

JBanks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts 50 

Calvert  (P.  P.)— Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  i.oo 

Smith  ( J.  B.) — Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidae 

found  in  Boreal  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 
Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  IJox  24S,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


New  Publications. 

Coleoptera. — Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Alaska,  with  the  synonymy 

and  distribution,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D.,  1894,  38  pp.  .  .50 
Revision  of  the  genera  and  species  of  Desmori  of  N.  Am.  by  Wm.  G. 

Dietz,  M.D.,  1894,  66pp.,  2  pi.  .  .  .  -75 

Lepidoptera. — Descriptions  of  new  genera  an  species  of  (N.  American) 

Noctuida?,  by  John  B.  Smith,  1894,  50  pp.,  6  pi.  .  .  .75 
A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Lepidop.  family  Notodontidae,  by  Neu- 

moegen  and  Dyar,  1894,  30  pp.,  cut  .  .  .  .50 

—New  species  of  Noctuidae  from  tropical  America,  by  W.  Schaus,  1894, 

22  pp.  ,  .  -3° 

Aptera. — Some  new  American  Acarina,  by  Nathan  Banks,  1894,  14  pp.  .20 

Sent  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninae,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidee 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarte  Doubleday  (Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  Chio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  $2. 25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

LEPIDOPTERA  FOR  SALE. 

A  large  collection  of  Lepidoptera  of  about  7800  specimens  and  about  4000 
species,  in  fine  condition;  contains  fine  examples  from  Persia,  Anioor,  Afghan- 
istan, etc.;  3600  North  American  specimens;  apply  to 

A.  CONRADI,  Bethlehem,  Pa. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  269  PEARL  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

^^=f  HUNUFAITl  !Ii:i;s  AM)  MirORTKKS  OF 

.      GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 


Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 

-      JOINTED  0  •      1    T        1        !  T  Ot  1.^1         T?«. 

FOLDING   NET  HHr      Special  Labels,  I  creeps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 
Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List 

P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN,  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTER   55  N.  TTH  ST  ,  PHILA.  PA. 


INSECT  PlflS. 

KLAEGER.     Standard  make;  bright  or  japanned. 

Sizes  No.  oo  to  5  in  papers  of  500  each;  No.  6  and  larger,  .250  each.  Sent 
postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  and  Canada. at  #1.05  per  thousand  in 
original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

C  ARLSBADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 

ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro- Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  11.52  postpaid 

(about  1450  in  a  package). 
SHEET  PEAT.     ^  x  4  x  12,  53  cents  per  dozen,  postpaid;  #3.50  per  gross. 

Express  extra. 

To  colleges  and  other  parties  ordering  in  large  quantities,  I  request  the 
privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.  ABBOTT   FRAZAR, 

93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

HONDURAS  LEPIDOPTERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  aiid  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  W1TTKUGEL, 

San  Pedro  Sula,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 

CERAMBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORX  COLE- 
OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOTVDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.      Hesperidae  and  Lyca'iiidsB  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.   HENRY   SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Log-an  Sqxiare,  Phila.,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader   Insect 
— — 5*   £™AlP^lt?.     Price- 


list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland  Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


VOL.  V.  No.  8. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


OCTOBER,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA: 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 

Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological  Society. 

Animal  .subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

(Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada,  $1.20) 

Advertising  Rates  :  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 

%&-  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 

the  wanting  volumes  now,  as  only  a  few  copies  are  left  over,  especially  of 
volume  2.  The  prices  are  as  follows: 

Volume     I  (1890), $1.00  per  copy. 

II  (1891), 2.oo       " 

III  (1892), i.oo 

"        IV  (1893),  i.oo       " 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883      ...  .  .  .     $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 

Synopsis  of  Hymenoptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887 3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidse  of  America  North  .of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to   .........       6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Sciulder  (S.  H.)— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .  i.oo 

Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.        1.25 

Banks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts      .         .         .         .         .50 

Culvert  (P.  P.) — Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  .  i.oo 

Smith  (J.  B.) — Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidae 

found  in  Bore  il  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 
Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 

The  above  sent  on  receipt  of  price  by 

E.  T.  CIIESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


INSECT 


KLAEGER.    Standard  make  ;  bright  or  japanned. 

Sizes  No.  oo  to  5  in  papers  of  500  each;  No.  6  and  larger,  250  each.  Sent 
postpaid  to  any  part  of  the  United  States  and  Canada  at  $1.05  per  thousand  in 
original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

CARLSBADER.     Bright  or  japanned,  same  price  as  for  KLAEGER'S. 

ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-Lepidoptera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

(about  1450  in  a  package). 
SHEET  PEAT.     H  x  4  x  12,  53  cents  per  dozen,  postpaid;  13.50  per  gross. 

Express  extra.          • 

To  colleges  and  other  parties  ordering  in  large  quantities,  I  request  the 
privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

M.   ABBOTT   FRAZAR, 

93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,    MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

HONDURAS  LEPIDOPTERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  ami  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  WITTKUGEL, 

Sail  Pedro  Sula,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 


CERAMBYCID/E, 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  LONGICORN  COLE- 
OPTERA  of  the  world. 

FRED.  C.  BOWDITCH,  Tappan  St., 

Brookline,  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  U.  S.  A. 

American  Butterflies 

wanted  by  exchange  or  purchase.      Hesperida*  and  Lycaenidae  especially  de- 
sired.    Many  rare  duplicates  on  hand.     Butterflies  named  free  of  charge. 

Dr.   HENRY   SKINNER, 

Acad.  of  Nat.  Sci.,  Logan  Square,  Phila.,  Pa. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlshader   Insect 
Pins   a   specialty.      Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
78  Ashland   Place, 
Improved  Entomological  Forceps.  Brooklyn,  X.  Y. 


New  Publications. 

Coleoptera. — Catalogue  of  the  Coleoptera  of  Alaska,  with  the  synonymy 

and  distribution,  by  John  Hamilton,  M.D.,  1894,  38pp.  .  .  .50 
Revision  of  the  genera  and  species  of  Desmori  of  N.  Am.  by  Wm.  G. 

Dietz,  M.D.,  1894,  66  pp.,  2  pi.  ...  ...    .75 

Lepidoptera. — Descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species  of  (N.  American) 

Noctuidse,  by  John  B.  Smith,  1894,  50  pp.,  6  pi 75 

—A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Lepidop.  family  Notodontidas,  by  Neu- 

moegen  and  Dyar,  1894,  30  pp.,  cut 50 

—New  species  of  Noctuidse  from  tropical  America,  by  W.  Schaus,  1894, 

22  pp .  .  .30 

Homoptera. — Catalogue  of  the  described  Jassoidea  of  North  America, 

by  Edw.  P.  Van  Duzee,  1894,  73  pp.        ......     .75 

Aptera. — Some  new  American  Acarina,  by  Nathan  Banks,  1894,  14  pp.  .20 

Sent  on  receipt  of  price,  by 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  01  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninao,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  T. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarte  Doubleday  (Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  C/iio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  fa.  25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  145. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  269  PEAUL  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

^^s^          MANUFACTURERS  AND  IMPORTERS  OF 

'  GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 

FOLOI'NG£NET  |,          Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 
Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List, 


P.  C.  STOCKHAUSEN.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTER   55  N.  7TH  ST  ,  PHILA.  PA. 


VOL,.  V.  No.  9. 


Entomological  News 


AND 

PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


-o- 


NOVEMBER,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKE. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
Section  of  the  Academy  of  Natural  Sciences,  Philadelphia,  and  the  American 
Entomological  Society. 

Annual  subscription  $1.OO,  in  advance. 

(Outside  of  the  United  States  and  Canada,  $1.20) 

Advertising  Rates  :  30  cents  per  square  inch,  single  insertion;  a  liberal 
discount  on  longer  insertions.  No  advertisement  taken  for  less  than  60  cents. 
Cash  in  advance. 

jz^~  All  remittances  should  be  addressed  to  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer, 
P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BACK  VOLUMES. 

Those  who  have  not  a  complete  set  of  Entomological  News  should  obtain 
the  wanting  volumes  now,  especially  of  volumes  i  and  2.  The  prices  are: 

Volume  I  (1890),  $1.50;  II  (1891),  $2.00;  III  (1892)  and  IV  (1893),  each 
$1.00  per  copy. 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883 $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 

Synopsis  of  Hymenoptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887 3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidae  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to 6.00 

LeCoute  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Scuclder  (S.  H.)— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pis.       .         .  i.oo 

Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.       1.25 

Banks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts 50 

Calvert  (P.  P.) — Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  .  i.oo 

Smith  (J.  B.) — Catalogue  of -the  Lepiclopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidce 

found  in  Boreal  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 
-  Descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species  of  (N.  American)  Noctu- 

idce;  1894,  50  pp.,  6  pi -75 

Neumoeg'en  and  Dyar. — A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Lepidop- 

terous  family  Notodontida?,  1894,  30  pp. 50 

Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 

The  above  sent  on  receipt  of  price  by 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


RENEWAL   NOTICE. 

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LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingidae,  Bombycidae,  Saturninse,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 
from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 

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B.  NEUMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

~*  FOR   SKL-E. 

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logue of  European  Lepidoptera.  To  the  highest  bidder:  offers  to  be  addressed  to 

JOHN  B.  SMITH,  New  Brunswick,  N.  J. 

BUTTERFLIES  FOR  SALE. 

Many  exceedingly  rare  species  in  fine  condition.  Schools  and  Colleges 
supplied  with  accurately-named  collections.  Send  for  price-list. 

C.    B.   HTSRON, 

702  N.  43d  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarte  Doubleday  {Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  C/iio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  $2. 25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTOX,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  269  PEARL  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFACTURERS  AND  IMPORTERS  OF 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 


^M  •^  ^F  ^    '^  •      "^  •«  •  *••  ••     •     ^  •••  ^r  ••  ^   vi  a  -^     •      ^   7 

Klaeger  and  Carlsbad  Insect  Pins,  Setting 

Boards,    Folding  Nets,   Locality  and 
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privilege  of  naming  special  rates. 

Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

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93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

HONDURAS  LEPIDOPERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  and  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  W1TTKUGEL, 

San  Pedro  Sula,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 

Coleoptera  of  North  America 

Sold,  Bought  and  Exchanged.      Send  for  price-list.      Dytiscidae  especially  de- 
sired. 

JOHN  D.  SHERMAN,  JR., 

71  East  87th  Street,  New  York  City. 

COMPRESSED   CORK 

For  lining  Insect  Boxes  and  Cabinet  Drawers.      Best  and  cheapest.      For 
sale  by 

BREHME  &  STENGELE, 
Send  for  Sample.  41  Centre  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 


TAXIDERMIST  AND  DEALER  IN  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SUPPLIES. 

Fine  Carlsbader  Insect 
Pins   a   specialty.      Price- 
list  sent  on  application. 
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VOL..  V.  No.  1O. 


Entomological  News 


AND 


PROCEEDINGS  OF  THE  ENTOMOLOGICAL  SECTION 

OF   THE 

ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES 

OF 

PHILADELPHIA. 


DECEMBER,  1894. 

EDITOR  : 

HENRY  SKINNER,  M.  D. 
PHILIP  P.  CALVERT,  Associate  Editor. 


ADVISORY  COMMITTEE  : 

GEO.  H.  HORN,  M.D.  CHARLES  A.  BLAKK. 

EZRA  T.  CRESSON.  CHARLES  LIEBECK. 

Rev.  HENRY  C.  McCooK,  D.D. 


PHILADELPHIA  : 

ENTOMOLOGICAL.  ROOMS  OF 

THE  ACADEMY  OF  NATURAL  SCIENCES, 

LOGAN  SQUARE. 

1894. 


Entered  at  the  Philadelphia  Post  Office  as  Second  Class  Matter. 


Entomological  News 

published  monthly,  excepting  July  and  August,  in  charge  of  the  Entomological 
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the  wanting  volumes  now,  especially  of  volumes  i  and  2.  The  prices  are: 

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$1.00  per  copy. 

Address:  E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Entomological  Publications. 

Classification  of  Coleoptera  of  North  America,  by  Drs.  LeConte 

and  Horn,  567  pp.  1883 $2.50 

List  of  Coleoptera  of  America  N.  of  Mexico,  by  S.  Henshaw,  1885  .       1.25 

Synopsis  of  Hymeiioptera  of  America  North  of  Mexico,  by  E.  T. 
Cresson.  Part  I,  Families  and  Genera;  Part  II,  Catalogue  of  Spe- 
cies and  Bibliography,  1887 3.00 

Check  List  of  Lepidoptera  of  Boreal  Am.,  by  Prof.  J.  B.  Smith,  1891       i.oo 

Horn  (Dr.  G.  H.) — Revision  of  the  Tenebrionidae  of  America  North  of 

Mexico,  152  pp.  2  pi.  4to 6.00 

LeConte  &  Horn. — Rhynchophora  of  N.  America,  455  pp.,  1876       .       3.00 

Scudder  (S.  H.)— The  Life  of  a  Butterfly,  182  pp.,  4  pls^     .        .        .       i.oo 
Guide  to  Commoner  Butterflies  of  North.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  206  pp.       1.25 

Banks  (N.) — Synopsis,  Catalogue  and  Bibliography  of  the  Neuropteroid 

Insects  of  temperate  N.  Am.;  1892,  47  pp.,  cuts 50 

Calvert  (P.  P.) — Catalogue  of  Odonata  of  Philadelphia,  with  introduc- 
tion to  the  study  of  the  group;  1893,  124  pp.,  2  pis.  .  .  .  i.oo 

Smith  (J.  B.) — Catalogue  of  the  Lepidopterous  Superfamily  Noctuidoe 

found  in  Bore  il  America  (Bull.  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1893)  424  pp.,  8  vo.       2.50 
-  Descriptions  of  new  genera  and  species  of  (N.  American)  Noctu- 

idae;   1894,  50  pp.,  6  pi.      .  .75 

Neiimoeg'eii  and  Dyar. — A  preliminary  revision  of  the  Lepidop- 
terous family  Notodontidae,  1894,  30  pp.  .....          .50 

Price-Lists  of  other  entomological  papers  may  be  had  on  application. 

The  above  sent  on  receipt  of  price  by 

E.  T.  CRESSON,  Treasurer,  P.  0.  Box  248,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


RENEWAL  NOTICE. 

Those  who  wish  to  continue  their  subscriptions  to  Entomological 
News  for  1895,  will  please  indicate  their  desire  to  the  Treasurer,  before 
January  ist  next.  No  change  in  price. 

LEPIDOPTERA  WANTED. 

I  desire  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange 

RARE  BUTTERFLIES  AND  MOTHS 

from  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  parts  of  the  United  States  in 
abundant  numbers,  as  well  as 

Rare  Butterflies,  Sphingida?,  Bombycidae,  Saturnine,  Cossidae  and  Hepialidae 

from  Asia,  Australia,  Africa  and  South  America. 
Most  liberal  terms  granted. 

B.  NEUMOEGEN,  40  Exchange  Place,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

COMPRESSED   CORK 

For  lining   Insect  Boxes  and   Cabinet  Drawers.      Best  and  cheapest.      For 
sale  by 

BREHME  &  STENGELE, 
Send  for  Sample.  41  Centre  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

BUTTERFLIES  FOR  SALE. 

Many  exceedingly  rare  species  in  fine  condition.     Schools  and  Colleges 
supplied  with  accurately-named  collections.     Send  for  price-list. 


C.    B. 

702  N.  43d  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


BUTTERFLIES  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

Part  XV,  Vol.  Ill,  will  issue  about  May  ist,  1894.  Contents  :  Argynnis 
astarte  Doubleday  (Victoria  Edw.)  and  first  stages;  Argynnis  alberta,  Chio- 
nobas  subhyalina,  C.  norna,  C.  semidea  and  stages.  Three  plates.  Price  $2.25. 
Vol.  I,  bound  $40;  Vol.  II,  $45. 

Apply  to  HOUGHTON,  MIFFLIN  &  CO.,  Cambridge,  Mass. 
A.  SMITH  &  SONS,  269  PEARL  STREET,  NEW  YORK. 

MANUFAtTfllKKS  AND  IMrOKTKRS  OK 

GOODS  FOR  ENTOMOLOGISTS, 

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FOLDING   NET  ls|l'      Special  Labels,  Forceps,  Sheet  Cork,  Etc. 
\j/      Other  articles  are  being  added,  Send  for  List. 


PC.  STOCKHAUSEN.  ENTOMOLOGICAL  PRINTIR   55  N.  ?TH  ST  .  PHILA   PA. 


INSECT  PlfiS. 

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original  packages,  at  $1.25  in  broken  lots. 

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ENGLISH.      Short,  for  Micro-  Lepidoplera,  per  half  ounce  $1.52  postpaid 

(about  1450  in  a  package). 
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Send  5  cent  stamp  for  full  illustrated  catalogue  to 

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93  SUDBURY  STREET, 

BOSTON,   MASS., 

Taxidermist,  and  dealer  in  all  kinds  of  Naturalists'  Supplies. 

HONDURAS  LEPIDOPERA 

For  Sale,  Honduras  Butterflies  and  Moths  at  Five  Dollars  per 
hundred.  Address: 

ERICH  WITTKUGEL, 

San  Pedro  Sula,  Honduras,  Cent.  Am. 

The  Entomologists'  Monthly  Magazine. 

A  limited  number  of  sets  of  the  First  Series  of  this  magazine,  vols.  x  to 
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1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Coleoptera  of  N.  Am.  and  Mexico  wanted  by  purchase  or  exchange; 
large  collection. — Fred.  C.  Hovvditch,  Tappan  St.,  Brookline,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  Plusia  balluca,  metallica  and  ampla  ;  also  the 
Hydrcecias.  Have  some  of  the  rarer  eastern  Noctuids  for  exchange.— 
Henry  Bird,  Rye,  N.  Y. 

Coleoptera  and  Hemiptera,  European  and  exotic,  also  postage  stamps 
of  Roumania,  offered  for  American  Hemiptera-Heteroptera  unnamed. - 
A.  L.  Montandon,  Strada  Viilor  filarete,  Bucarest,  Roumania. 

Lepidoptera. — Good  exchange  or  cash  given  for  specimens  of  Nadata 
doublcdayi  Pack.  Also  wanted  any  of  the  rarer  Notodontidaj  and  Liina- 
coclicke. — Harrison  G.  Dyar,  599  Broadway,  New  York  City. 

Coleoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  Entomological  literature  in  any  language, 
especially  that  treating  of  Coleoptera  and  for  works  not  in  my  possession 
will  give  good  insects  from  the  West  and  from  Alaska,  mostly  Coleopttra. 
— H.  F.  Wickham,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Coleoptera.— Price-lists  wanted. — Dr.  E.  B.  Stephens,  Plymouth,  Mass. 

Cynipidae. — Named  or  unnamed  Cynipidae  wanted  by  purchase  or  ex- 
change. Always  accompany  the  Hies  with  their  galls  when  possible. — C. 
P.  Gillette,  Ft.  Collins,  Col. 

Orthoptera.— For  exchange:  Mexican  Lepidoptera,  unmounted,  for  lit- 
erature, in  any  language,  on  N.  A.  Orthoptera.  Also  Indiana  Orthoptera 
for  others  from  any  part  of  N.  A.— W.  S.  Blatchley,  Terre  Haute,  Ind. 

Orthoptera.— I  desire  to  procure,  by  purchase,  exchange,  or  for  identifi- 
cation, specimens  of  the  genus  Spltai-agemon  from  all  parts  of  the  country. 
—Albert  P.  Morse,  Wellesley  College,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Bred  specimens  of  Actias  selene,  hybrids  from  lima  et 
se/fiu\  cecropia  et  ^loveri,  cecropia  et  cean^thi,  and  other  rare  moths; 
cocoons  of  angulifera,  lima  and  P.  pitheciutn;  lists  exchanged. — Emily 
L.  Morton,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  lima,  cecropia,  promethea,  ^A.vr/v, 
ceanothi,  re»a/is,  imperialis  and  others;  also  pupa1  of  Sphingidae,  against 
Lepid.  of  Eur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera.— I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited.— F.  W.  Russell,  M.I).,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

I  am  desirous  of  collecting  in  any  of  the  Orders  in  Northwestern  Ohio  ; 
write  me.— N.  Sager,  Jr.,  Herring,  P.  O.,  Allen  Co.,  Ohio. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I   will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.      I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.     A.  G.  Weeks, 
r..  }6o  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Lepidoptera.— A  few  rare  Indian  Lepidoptera  to  exchange  for  rare  spe- 
cies from  the  Northwest.— Levi  YV.  Mengel,  Reading,  Pa. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desircl  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  NilesSt.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera.— Ac^ia/ilcc,  /•>/< Y/.S/7  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Fnt.  Soc.  xx,  p.  i.j;,. 
iSgv  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not'in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


11 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [March, 


Lepidoptera.— I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Address  G.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera.— Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Theclas,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston'Ill. 

Lepidoptera.— Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  imperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia,  polyphemus,  promethea  and  others,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Le- 
pidoptera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepdoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver].  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — We  wish  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  live 
larva;  or  pupae  of  Ecpantheria  scribonia  and  images  of  Erebus  odora. — 
Field  Brothers,  Milton,  Mass. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.— Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera.— I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus.— James  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera.— I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange.— F.  Burns,  Verdi,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera.— Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigincz  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidse  especially  desired.— J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
120  College  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Teilthredinidae  of  all  parts  of  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted.— Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Coleoptera.— I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupae  and  imagos  in  papers  of  Papilioninae  and 
Pierinre,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange.— John 
Watson,  177  Moss  Lane,  East,  Manchester,  England. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  good,  sound  cocoons  of  Telea  polyphe- 
1H//S.—H.  G.  White,  508  Sixth  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicorn 
Dorcaschema  unldii  to  exchange;  also  tine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera  :  Pamphila  massasoit,  zabulon,  panoquin,  pontiac.  fitxca, 
auronii.  ccrncx,  inanataaqua,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


1894-1  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long,  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones, 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Coleoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  Entomological  literature  in  any  language, 
especially  that  treating  of  Coleoptera  and  for  works  not  in  my  possession 
will  give  good  insects  from  the  West  and  from  Alaska,  mostly  Coleopttra. 
— H.  F.  Wickham,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Coleoptera. — Price-lists  wanted. — Dr.  E.  B.  Stephens,  Plymouth,  Mass. 

Cynipidae.— Named  or  unnamed  Cynipidje  wanted  by  purchase  or  ex- 
change. Always  accompany  the  Hies  with  their  galls  when  possible. — C. 
P.  Gillette,  Ft.  Collins,  Col. 

Orthoptera.— For  exchange:  Mexican  Lepidoptera,  unmounted,  for  lit- 
erature, in  any  language,  on  N.  A.  Orthoptera.  Also  Indiana  Orthoptera 
for  others  from  any  part  of  N.  A.— \V.  S.  Blatchley,  Terre  Haute,  Iml. 

Orthoptera. — I  desire  to  procure,  by  purchase,  exchange,  or  for  identifi- 
cation, specimens-of  the  genus  Spharagemon  from  all  parts  of  the  country. 
-Albert  P.  Morse,  Wellesley  College,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Bred  specimens  of  Actias  selene,  hybrids  from  luna  et 
selene,  cecropia  et  gloveri,  cecropia  et  ceanothi,  and  other  rare  moths; 
cocoons  of  angiilifera,  luna  and  P.  pithccimn;  lists  exchanged. — Emily 
L.  Morton,  Nevvburgh,.  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  luna,  cecropia,  promethea,  gloveriy 
ccanothi,  regalis,  imperialis  and  others;  also  pupse  of  Sphingidce,  against 
Lepid.  of  Eur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  VV.  Russell,  M.D.,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors, 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  Weeks. 
Jr.,  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Lepidoptera. — A  few  rare  Indian  Lepidoptera  to  exchange  for  rare  spe- 
cies from  the  Northwest.— Levi  VV.  Mengel,  Reading,  Pa. 

Correspondence^  and  exchange  of  insects  desired  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Steuart 
N.  Dunning,  43  NilesSt.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — AegiialitesFuchsiiY\otn<,Trzfis.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
iSi,v  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptei.i 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larva-  of  /:"</<•/<•.*  r,-^a/i.\  and 
Sp/iiti-r  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aichr 
43  Murray  St.,  New  Votk. 

Lepidoptera.— I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Address  G.  Cleveland,  17  Him  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  V. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  tr^a/is,  /w/Vr/W/.v,  ;>/<;:•, •/•/,  in,  ce- 
crapia,  pulypJit*inits,  prouicihca  and  others,  as  well  as  pupa;, — against  Le- 
pidoptera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. --Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  tor  exchange;  Paniasius,  C/iii»/ol>as,  Thcclas,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers, — A.  |.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 


11  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS,  [April, 

Lepidoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver).  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — We  wish  to  obtain,  either  by  purchase  or  exchange,  live 
larva?  or  pupae  of  Ecpantheria  scribonia  and  imagos  of  Erebus  odora. — 
Field  Brothers,  Milton,  Mass. 

Wanted. — Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list. — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange. — F.  Burns,  Verdi,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigincz  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 

12  College  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Teuthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupae  and  imagos  in  papers  of  Papilioninae  and 
Pierinae,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange.— John 
Watson,  177  Moss  Lane,  East,  Manchester,  England. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  good,  sound  cocoons  of  Telea  polyphe- 
mus.—\\.  G.  White,  508  Sixth  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicorn 
Dorcaschema  wildii  to  exchange  ;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera :  Pauiphila  massasoit,  zabulon,  panoquin,  pontiac,  fi/sca, 
aaronii,  cernes,  manataaqna,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  imagos  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — I  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidae,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coccidae. — I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccicl  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage— W.  G.  Johnson,  Stanford  University,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal),  from  British  Columbia,  exchanged  for  native  or 
exotic  specimens. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Wanted.— To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
oS  Maple  St..  Nashville,  Tenn. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL     NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Colsoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  Entomological  literature  in  any  language, 
especially  that  treating  of  Coleoptera  and  for  works  not  in  my  possession 
will  give  good  insects  from  the  YVest  and  from  Alaska,  mostly  Coleopttra. 
— H.  F.  Wickham,  Iowa  City,  Iowa. 

Lepidoptera. — Bred  specimens  of  Actias  selene,  hybrids  from  luna  et 
selene,  cecropia  et  gloveri,  cccropia  et  ceanothi,  and  other  rare  moths; 
cocoons  of  angulifera,  luna  and  P.  pitheciitin;  lists  exchanged. — Emily 
L.  Morton,  Newburgh,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — YY'anted,  cocoons  (A  luna,  cecropia,  pn>nicthca.  ^lorcri, 
ceanotlii.  recalls,  imperialis  and  others;  also  pupae  of  Sphingidae,  against 
Lepid.  of  Kur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  YY'est  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  YV.  Russell,  M.D.,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  YVeeks, 
Jr.,  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Lepidoptera. — A  few  rare  Indian  Lepidoptera  to  exchange  for  rare  spe- 
cies from  the  Northwest. — Levi  \\ .  Mengel,  Reading,  Pa. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desir.  d  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  YVestern  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialifas Fuchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera.  —  I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Address  G.  Cleveland,  17  Kim  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  rc^alis,  /////V/v'<///.v,  glovcri,  in,  ce- 
cropia. pofyphemus, promcthea  and  others,  as  well  as  pupa:, — against  Le- 
pidopteia  of  all  parts  of  the  world.  —  Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  I  "tali  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Pamasiiis,  Cliionnhas,  'J'/icc/as,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  |.  Snydc-r,  North  Kvanstoii,  III. 

Lepidoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver  |.  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Wanted.  -  Coleoptera  and  Lepidopiera  from  all  sections.  YYM11  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.  —  Win.  I).  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. —  I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  <-o< nous  ol  Cecropia  and 
Polyphnnus.  —  |ames  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street.  Chicago,  III. 


11 


ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS.  [May, 


Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange. — F.  Burns,  Verdi,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigince  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3151  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidse  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange.— Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
12  College  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Tenthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupae  and  images  in  papers  of  Papilioninae  and 
Pieriiue,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. — John 
Watson,  177  Moss  Lane,  East,  Manchester,  England. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupa;  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicorn 
Dorcascheina  zci/dii  to  exchange  ;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera  :  Pamphila  inassasoit,  zabulon,  panoquin,  poiitiac,  fusca, 
aaronii,  cern.cs,  nmnataaqita,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  images  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — I  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidae,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coccidae. — I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage.— W.  G.  Johnson.  Stanford  University,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal),  from  British  Columbia,  exchanged  for  native  or 
exotic  specimens. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Wanted. —  Po  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphi)i.r  inodcsta;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited.  — H.  G.  White,  508  Sixth  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Mounted  imagos  of  Neophasia  mcnapia,  Me- 
Xiiiidstoina  enrvdice,  Tcrias  me.vicana  and  Papilio  rufiifus.  New  Eng- 
land and  foreign  species  given  in  exchange. — Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Feralia  jocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange.— J.  B.  Angelman,  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Lepidoptera. — Eggs  of  Smerititluis  inodesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State. — L.  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  waacki,  donctrins, 
macilaitiis,  alcinons,  Desiderata;  P.  aincricns,  hairdii,  brevicauda,  dan- 
nns,  inv/olt'x.  iit'zluialcoytl,  nitra,pergainus,  pilumnus,  polydamas,  sunoti, 
fhoctx. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  japan. 


1 894.]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  luna,  cecropia,  promethea,  g/cveri, 
ceanothi,  regalis,  imperials  and  others;  also  pupae  of  Sphingidse,  against 
Lepid.  of  Eur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  W.  Russell,  M.D.,  Winchendon,  Mass. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera. — I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  Weeks, 
Jr.,  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desired  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialites  Fuchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  duplicates  which  I  offer  for  sale 
or  exchange.  Address  G.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  iinperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia, polyphemus,  promethea  and  others,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Le- 
pidoptera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  1520  Lafayette 
Avenue,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Theclas,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Correspondents  wanted  on  Pacific  coast,  or  Colorado, 
with  a  view  to  exchange  in  Lepidoptera. — Oliver).  Staley,  Marshall,  Sa- 
line County,  Mo. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.- — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  2348.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  a  large  number  of  specimens,  taken  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mountains,  for  exchange. — F.  Burns,  Yercli,  Nevada. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettiginee  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
—  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  VV.  Denton,  VVellesley,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 


11  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [June. 

Diptera.—  N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera.— Many  desirable  species  for  exchange.— Chas.  Upson  Clark, 

12  College  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Teuthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Naspn,  Algonquin,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupae  and  imagos  in  papers  of  Papilioninas  and 
Pierinae,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. — John 
Watson,  177  Moss  Lane,  East,  Manchester,  England. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicorn 
Dorcaschema  ivildii  to  exchange ;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera  :  Pampkila  massasoit,  zabti/on,  panoquin,  pontiac,  fusca, 
aaronii,  ccnies,  inanataagua,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  images  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — I  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidas,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coocidae. — I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage.— W.  G.  Johnson  (University  of  Illinois),  Champaign,  111. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal),  from  British  Columbia,  exchanged  for  native  or 
exotic  specimens. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Wanted. — To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphinx  inodesta;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited.— H.  G.  White,  508  Sixth  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Mounted  imagos  of  Neophasia  menapia,  J\fe- 
ganostoina  eitrydice,  Terias  mexicana  and  Papilio  rntulns.  New  Eng- 
land and  foreign  species  given  in  exchange. — Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Feraliajocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange. — J.  B.  Angelman,  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Lepidoptera. — Eggs  of  Smerinthus  inodesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State. — L.  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  inaacki,  danetriiis, 
inacilentiis,  a/cinous,  Desiderata;  P.  anicricus,  bairdii,  brevicauda,  daii- 
nus,  tnylotes,  nczhualcoytl,  nitra,pergamus,  pilunmus,  polydainas,  siino?i, 
thoas. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

Lepidoptera. — Cash  or  exchange  given  for  Satyrns  a/ope  and  varieties 
from  any  locality. — M.  J.  Elrod.  Bloomington,  111. 

Fleas.— From  any  birds  or  mammals.  Will  name  for  duplicates,  pur- 
chase, or  give  in  exchange  Hymenoptera,  Hemiptera,  or  Coleoptera.— 
Carl  F.  Baker,  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

Bembidium. — Being  engaged  in  the  study  of  this  genus  I  will  determine 
species  for  collectors.  Specimens  should  be  sent  numbered,  so  that  the 
numbers  can  be  returned.  I  will  also  exchange  for  or  purchase  species 
not  in  my  collection.  Correspondence  solicted  with  those  interested  in 
the  genus. — Roland  Hayward,  40  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Lepidoptera. — \Vanted,  cocoons  of  luna,  cecropia,  proniethea,  g/cveri, 
ceanothi,  rega/is,  imperialis  and  others;  also  pupae  of  Sphingidte,  against 
Lepid.  of  Eur.  and  India. — A.  Voelschow,  Schwerin,  Mecklenburg,  Germ. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  with  col- 
lectors in  the  South  and  West  who  wish  to  extend  their  collections  ;  cor- 
respondence solicited. — F.  W.  Russell,  M.D.,  \Yinchendon,  Mass. 

Diurnal  Lepidoptera.— I  will  be  pleased  to  correspond  with  collectors 
with  view  to  exchanging  Lepidoptera  of  the  world.  I  usually  have  2000 
or  3000  mounted  duplicates  on  hand,  in  perfect  condition.  A.  G.  Weeks, 
Jr..  360  Washington  St.,  Boston. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desired  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialites  Fuchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1895.  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco.  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  imperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia, polyphemus,  promcthea  etc.,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Lepidop- 
tera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  Pattonville,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Theclas,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list. — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  yil, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  2348.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigincz  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
57  West  Divinity  Hall,  Yale  College,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupa-  and  image  is  in  papers  of  Papiliuiiina-  and 
Pieriiue,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  fnmi  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. —John 
Watson,  y.j  George  St.,  Alexander  Park,  Manchester,  England. 


ii  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [September. 

Tenthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicorn 
Dorcaschema  zvildii  to  exchange ;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera :  Pamphila  massasoit,  zabulon,  panoquin,  pontiac,  fusca, 
aaronii,  cernes,  manataaqua,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  imagos  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — I  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidae,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coccidae. — -I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidse  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage.— W.  G.  Johnson  (University  of  Illinois),  Champaign,  111. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal),  from  British  Columbia,  exchanged  for  native  or 
exotic  specimens. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Wanted.— To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphinx  modesta;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited.— H.  G.  White,  508  Sixth  Ave.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Mounted  imagos  of  Neophasia  menapia,  Me- 
ganostoma  eurydice,  Terias  mexicana  and  Papilio  rutulus.  New  Eng- 
land and  foreign  species  given  in  exchange. — Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Feralia  jocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange. — J.  B.  Angelman.  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Lepidoptera. — Eggs  of  Smerinthus  modesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State.— L.  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  maacki,  demetrius, 
macileiitiis,  alcinous,  Desiderata;  P.  americus,  bairdii,  brevicauda,  dau- 
nus,  mylotes,  nezhualcoytl,  nitra,  pergamus,  piluninus,  polydamas,  simon, 
thoas. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

Lepidoptera. — Cash  or  exchange  given  for  Satyrus  alope  and  varieties 
from  any  locality. — M.  J.  Elrod.  Bloomington,  111. 

Fleas.— From  any  birds  or  mammals.  Will  name  for  duplicates,  pur- 
chase, or  give  in  exchange  Hymenoptera,  Hemiptera,  or  Coleoptera.— 
Carl  F.  Backer,  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

Bembidium. — Being  engaged  in  the  study  of  this  genus  I  will  determine 
species  for  collectors.  Specimens  should  be  sent  numbered,  so  that  the 
numbers  can  be  returned.  I  will  also  exchange  for  or  purchase  species 
not  in  my  collection.  Correspondence  solicted  with  those  interested  in 
the  genus. — Roland  Hay  ward,  40  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera.— Imagines  of  hybrids  ex.  Attacus  Columbia  —  cecropia,  .  I. 
ceanothi  ==  cecropia  and  Sphinx  catalpcz,  for  rare  Arctians,  Saturnians 
and  Sphinges  not  in  my  collection. — Dr.  Richard  E.  Kunze,  606  Third 
Ave.,  New  York  City. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


JSSf  These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desired  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialites  Fuchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  I  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  inodesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  imperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia,  po/yphemus,  promethea  etc.,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Lepidop- 
tera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  Pattonville,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Thec/as,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list. — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigincz  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
57  West  Divinity  Hall,  Yale  College,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupae  and  imagos  in  papers  of  Papilioninse  and 
Pierinae,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. — John 
Watson,  94  George  St.,  Alexander  Park,  Manchester,  England. 

Tenthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  Hereford,  Eng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longimtn 
Dorcaschema  wildii  to  exchange  ;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera:  Panipliila  massasoit.  zabu/on,  panoquin,  pontiac,  fitsm, 
aaronii,  cernes,  iinvin/iiaqua,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


ii  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [October. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  images  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils.' — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — 1  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidae,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coccidae. — -I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage.— W.  G.  Johnson  (University 'of  Illinois),  Champaign,  111. 

Lepidoptera  (diurnal),  from  British  Columbia,  exchanged  for  native  or 
exotic  specimens. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Wanted. — To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphinx  modesta;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited. — H.  G.  White,  9  Everett  St..  Maiden,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Feralia  jocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange. — J.  B.  Angelman,  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Lepidoptera. — Eggs  of  Smerinthus  modesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State. — L.  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonra,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  maacki,  demetrius, 
macilentus,  alcinous,  Desiderata;  P.  americus,  bairdii,  brevicauda,  dau- 
nus,  mylotes,  nezhualcoytl,  nitra,  pergamits,  pilumnus,  polydamas,  shnon, 
thoas. — Otoji  TakahaJhi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

Lepidoptera. — Cash  or  exchange  given  for  Satyrus  alope  and  varieties 
from  any  locality. — M.  J.  Elrod,  Bloomington,  111. 

Fleas.— From  any  birds  or  mammals.  Will  name  for  duplicates,  pur- 
chase, or  give  in  exchange  Hymenoptera,  Hemiptera,  or  Coleoptera.— 
Carl  F.  Baker,  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

Bembidium. — Being  engaged  in  the  study  of  this  genus  I  will  determine 
species  for  collectors.  Specimens  should  be  sent  numbered,  so  that  the 
numbers  can  be  returned.  I  will  also  exchange  for  or  purchase  species 
not  in  my  collection.  Correspondence  solicted  with  those  interested  in 
the  genus. — Roland  Hay  ward,  40  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Imagines  of  hybrids  ex.  Attacus  Columbia  cecropia,  A. 
ceanothi  =  cecropia  and  Sphinx  catalpcz,  for  rare  Arctians,  Saturnians 
and  Sphinges  not  in  my  collection. — Dr.  Richard  E.  Kunze\  606  Third 
Ave.,  New  York  City. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Live  pupae  of  Papilio  ajax  and  P.  cresphontes, 
in  quantites.  New  England  and  foreign  Lepidoptera  offered  in  exchange. 
—Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — Wanted.  Cychrus  snowi,  guyoti,  rid  ing  si:,  hcmphilli, 
merkelii,  and  fuchsianus;  Nomaretus  bi/obus,  cavicollis  and  fissicollis 
for  cash  at  liberal  prices.  Address: — Aug.  Merkel,  P.  O.  Box  1429,  New 
York  City,  N.  Y. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera.— Nevada  specimens  of  Coleoptera  and  of 
diurnal  and  nocturnal  Lepidoptera  for  exchange;  all  in  papers. — F.  Burns. 
Verdi,  Nevada. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  on  hand  a  large  number  of  duplicates  for  exchange. 
Address,  with  lists,  G.  F.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 

EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desirtd  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southern  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialites  Fitchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Ent.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  I  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalis  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regalis,  iinperialis,  gloveri,  io,  ce- 
cropia,  polyphemus,  promcthea  etc  ,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Lepidop- 
tera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  Pattonville,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Thcc/as,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder,  North  Evanston,  111. 

Wanted.— Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.— Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  234  S.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  III. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tettigince  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
-Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3151  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — I  desire  to  procure  by  purchase  or  in  exchange  for  North 
American  insects  of  all  orders,  exotic  Lepidoptera  of  bright  colors  and 
in  good  condition. — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M,  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Coleoptera. — Many  desirable  species  for  exchange. — Chas.  Upson  Clark, 
57  West  Divinity  Hall,  Yale  College,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupa-  and  image  is  in  papers  of  Papilioninae  and 
Pierinae,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silkmoths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. — John 
Watson,  94  George  St.,  Alexander  Park,  Manchester,  England. 

Tenthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Pupae  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firhank.  Hereford,  FUL;. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. — Fine  specimens  of  the  lar-e  Longicorn 
Dorcaschema  :cildii  to  exchange;  also  tine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera:  Pantphila  i>itrss<iM>i,'.  -.dl>n/,<n,  pduoqitin,  pontiac,  fit  sen, 
aaronii,  ccnu-s.  nuuiataaqua,  etc. — Philip  Lament,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


ii  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [November. 

Lepidqptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupa?,  and  papered  images  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — I  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidae,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Coscidae. — I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage.— W.  G.  Johnson  (University  of  Illinois),  Champaign,  111. 

Wanted.— To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera.— I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphinx  modes/a;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited. — H.  G.  White,  9  Everett  St.,  Maiden,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Feralia  jocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange. — J.  B.  Angelman,  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  J. 

Lepidoptera. — Eggs  of  Smerinthus  modesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State. — L.  I.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  maacki,  demetrius, 
macilentus,  alcinous,  Desiderata;  P.  americus,  bairdii,  brevicauda,  dau- 
nus,  mylotes,  nezhualcoytl,  nitra,  pergamus,  pilumnus,  polydamas,  simon, 
thoas. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

Lepidoptera. — Cash  or  exchange  given  for  Satyrus  alope  and  varieties 
from  any  locality. — M.  J.  Elrod,  Bloomington,  111. 

Fleas. — -From  any  birds  or  mammals.  Will  name  for  duplicates,  pur- 
chase, or  give  in  exchange  Hymenoptera,  Hemiptera,  or  Coleoptera.— 
Carl  F.  Baker,  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

Bembidium.— Being  engaged  in  the  study  of  this  genus  I  will  determine 
species  for  collectors.  Specimens  should  be  sent  numbered,  so  that  the 
numbers  can  be  returned.  I  will  also  exchange  for  or  purchase  species 
not  in  my  collection.  Correspondence  solicted  with  those  interested  in 
the  genus. — Roland  Hay  ward,  40  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera.— Imagines  of  hybrids  ex.  Attacus  Columbia  cecropia,  A. 
ceanothi  =  cecropia  and  Sphinx  catalptz,  for  rare  Arctians,  Saturnians 
and  Sphinges  not  in  my  collection. — Dr.  Richard  E.  Kunze",  606  Third 
Ave.,  New  York  City. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Live  pupse  of  Papilio  ajax  and  P.  cresphontes, 
in  quantites.  New  England  and  foreign  Lepidoptera  offered  in  exchange. 
— Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — Wanted.  Cychrus  snowi,  guyoti,  ridiiiffsii,  hemphilli, 
merkelii,  and  fuchsianus;  Nomaretus  bilobus,  cavicollis  and  fissicollis 
for  cash  at  liberal  prices.  Address: — Aug.  Merkel,  P.  O.  Box  1429,  New 
York  City,  N.  Y. 

ColeDptera  and  Lepidaptera. — Nevada  specimens  of  Coleoptera  and  of 
diurnal  and  nocturnal  Lepidoptera  for  exchange;  all  in  papers. — F.  Burns, 
Verdi,  Nevada. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  on  hand  a  laro;e  number  of  duplicates  for  exchange. 
Address,  with  lists,  G.  F.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera  wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase.  Correspondents  desired 
in  all  parts  of  the  world. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — Wanted,  price-lists  and  exchange-lists  of  Coleoptera. — E. 
E.  Fernald,  52  West  Emerson  Street,  Melrose,  Mass. 


1894-]  ENTOMOLOGICAL    NEWS. 


EXCHANGES 

Not  exceeding  three  lines  free  to  subscribers. 


.  _  •  These  notices  are  continued  as  long  as  our  limited  space  will  allow;  the  new  ones 
•are  added  at  end  of  the  column,  and  only  when  necessary  those  at  the  top  (being  longest 
in)  are  discontinued. 

Correspondence  and  exchange  of  insects  desir  d  with  young  entomolo- 
gists, especially  in  the  Southe rn  and  Western  States  and  Mexico. — Stewart 
N.  Dunning,  43  Niles  St.,  Hartford,  Conn. 

Coleoptera. — Aegialites  Fuchsii  Horn,  Trans.  Am.  Fnt.  Soc.  xx,  p.  143, 
1893.  1  offer  this  rare  and  interesting  species  in  exchange  for  Coleoptera 
not  in  my  coll.  Address  C.  Fuchs,  212  Kearney  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

Lepidoptera. — 1  desire  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Eacles  regalia  and 
Sphinx  modesta;  will  exchange  for  other  good  material. — Hermann  Aich, 
43  Murray  St.,  New  York. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  cocoons  of  regatis,  imperialis.  g/overi,  w,  ce- 
cropia,  po/yphe>nus,  promcthea  etc  ,  as  well  as  pupae, — against  Lepidop- 
tera of  all  parts  of  the  world. — Bernard  Gerhard,  Pattonville,  Mo. 

Lepidoptera. — Several  thousand  specimens  taken  in  Utah  during  past 
Summer  for  exchange;  Parnasius,  Chionobas,  Thec/as,  etc.;  also  good 
specimens  from  Illinois;  all  in  papers. — A.  J.  Snyder.  North  Fvanston,  111. 

Wanted.  — Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera  from  all  sections.  Will  exchange 
works  on  Entomology,  Zoology  and  Botany,  and  works  relating  to  the 
languages  of  the  N.  A.  Indian.  Send  for  list.  — Wm.  D.  Doan,  Box,  377, 
Coatesville,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  for  exchange  a  large  number  of  duplicates  of  last 
summer's  collecting.  Please  write  for  list,  Also  cocoons  of  Cecropia  and 
Polyphemus. — James  Tough,  2348.  Water  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

Orthoptera. — Wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase,  specimens  of  the  sub- 
family Tcttigince  from  all  parts  of  North  America  ;  literature  also  desired. 
—  Dr.  Joseph  L.  Hancock,  255  3ist  St.  Chicago,  111. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted,  numbers  of  large,  showy,  butterflies,  if  in  good 
condition,  from  any  locality  for  which  cash,  or  good  exchange  will  be 
given — Shelley  W.  Denton,  Wellesley,  Norfolk  County,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  for  native  and  exotic  species. — Fred- 
erick Knab,  Box  249,  Chicopee,  Mass. 

Diptera. — N.  A.  Diptera  wanted  from  choice  localities  ;  exchange  or 
purchase.  Will  name,  as  far  as  I  can,  for  privilege  of  retaining  desider- 
ata. Dolichopodidae  especially  desired. — J.  M.  Aldrich,  Moscow,  Idaho. 

Lepidoptera. — Want  live  pupee  and  imagos  in  papers  of  Papilionime  and 
Pieriiue,  esp.  varieties  and  Calif,  and  Mex.  forms;  rare  Rhopalocera  and 
silk  moths  from  India,  China,  Africa,  Austr.  and  Eur.  in  exchange. — John 
Watson,  94  George  St.,  Alexander  Park,  Manchester,  England. 

Tenthredinidae  wanted  from  U.  S.  and  Can.  in  exchange  for  Hymen- 
optera  of  North.  Illinois.  Send  lists;  only  specimens  in  good  condition 
wanted. — Wm.  A.  Nason,  Algonquin,  111. 

Lepidoptera. —  Pupa."  and  pupa  cases  wanted.  Shall  be  glad  to  buy  or 
make  other  return  if  possible.  T.  A.  Chapman,  Firbank,  1  It  -re-ford,  F.ng. 

Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera —Fine  specimens  of  the  large  Longicnrn 
Doi-caschcnnt  ;<"//<//7  to  exchange;  also  fine  specimens  of  the  following 
Lepidoptera :  Pamphila  massasoif.  zahiilon,  pctuaqnin.  pontiac,  fiisca, 
aaronii,  cernes,  manataaqua,  etc. — Philip  Laurent,  1306  Chestnut  Street, 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Lepidoptera. — Cash  or  exchange  given  for  Satyrus  a/ope  and  varieties 
from  any  locality. — M.  J.  Elrod,  Bloomington,  111. 


ii  ENTOMOLOGICAL  NEWS.  [December. 

Lepidoptera  as  live  larvae  and  pupae,  and  papered  images  to  exchange 
for  foreign  Lepidoptera.  Offer  insects  of  all  orders  for  fossils. — R.  R. 
Rowley,  Louisiana,  Mo. 

Diptera. — 1  especially  desire  N.  A.  Stratiomyidse,  either  by  purchase  or 
exchange.  Will  also  name  and  exchange  in  other  families. — C.  W.  John- 
son, Wagner  Free  Institute,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

C03Cid£.— I  desire  to  exchange  California  insects,  any  order,  for  Coc- 
cidae  (scale  insects)  from  any  locality,  or  for  Coccid  literature  in  any  lan- 
guage — W.  G.  Johnson  (University  of  Illinois),  Champaign,  111. 

Wanted.— To  exchange,  purchase  and  sell  Coleoptera  and  Lepidoptera. 
Tennessee  insects  offered.  Pupae  and  inflated  larvae. — William  Osburn, 
98  Maple  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 

Lepidoptera. — I  wish  to  obtain  eggs  or  larvae  of  Sphinx  modesta;  bred 
specimens  of  North  Amer.  moths  for  sale  and  exchange;  correspondence 
solicited. — H.  G.  White,  9  Everett  St..  Maiden,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Fcralia  jocosa  and  other  rare  species 
for  sale  or  exchange.— J.  B.  Angelman  22  High  St.,  Newark,  N.  [. 

Lepidaptera. — Eggs  of  Sinerinthns  modesta;  will  purchase  or  give  in 
exchange  good  material  from  N.  Y.  State.— L.  1.  Holdredge,  27  Ford 
Ave.,  Oneonta.  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  duplicates  of  Papilio  machaon,  maacki,  demetrius, 
inacilentns,  alcinous.  Desiderata;  P.  ainerictis,  bairdii,  brevicauda,  dau- 
nus,  mylotes,  nezhualcoytl,  nitra,  pergamns,  pilumnus,  po/ydamas,  simon, 
thoas. — Otoji  Takahashi,  Tokio,  Japan. 

Fleas.— From  any  birds  or  mammals.  Will  name  for  duplicates,  pur- 
chase, or  give  in  exchange  Hymenoptera,  Hemiptera,  or  Coleoptera.— 
Carl  F.  Baker,  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

Bembidium. — Being  engaged  in  the  study  of  this  genus  I  will  determine 
species  for  collectors.  Specimens  should  be  sent  numbered,  so  that  the 
numbers  can  be  returned.  I  will  also  exchange  for  or  purchase  species 
not  in  my  collection.  Correspondence  solicted  with  those  interested  in 
the  genus. — Roland  Hay  ward,  40  State  St.,  Boston,  Mass. 

Lepidoptera. — Imagines  of  hybrids  ex.  Attacus  Columbia  cecropia,  A. 
ceanothi  —  cecropia  and  Sphinx  catalpce,  for  rare  Arctians,  Saturnians 
and  Sphinges  not  in  my  collection. — Dr.  Richard  E.  Kunze\  606  Third 
Ave.,  New  York  City. 

Lepidoptera. — Wanted.  Live  pupae  of  Papilio  ajax  and  P.  cresphontes, 
in  quantites.  New  England  and  foreign  Lepidoptera  offered  in  exchange. 
— Field  Bros.,  Milton,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — Wanted.  Cychrus  snowi,  gnyoti,  ridingsii,  hcinphilli, 
merke/ii,  and  fuchsianus;  Nomaretus  bilobus,  cavicollis  and  fissicollis 
for  cash  at  liberal  prices.  Address: — Aug.  Merkel,  P.  O.  Box  1429,  New 
York  City,  N.  Y. 

Cole3ptera  and  Lepid3ptera. — Nevada  specimens  of  Coleoptera  and  of 
diurnal  and  nocturnal  Lepidoptera  for  exchange;  all  in  papers. — F.  Burns, 
Yerdi.  Nevada. 

Lepidoptera. — I  have  on  hand  a  large  number  of  duplicates  for  exchange. 
Address,  with  lists,  G.  F.  Cleveland,  17  Elm  St.,  Oneonta,  N.  Y. 

Lepidoptera  wanted,  by  exchange  or  purchase.  Correspondents  desired 
in  all  parts  of  the  world. — H.  K.  Burrison,  West  Newton,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — Wanted,  price-lists  and  exchange-lists  of  Coleoptera. — E. 
E.  Fernald,  52  West  Emerson  Street,  Melrose,  Mass. 

Coleoptera. — I  desire  to  exchange  specimens  from  western  Pennsylvania 
with  entomologists  in  Texas,  Florida  and  western  N.  Carolina. — Edw.  A. 
Klages,  Crafton,  Pa. 

Cerambycidae. — Correspondence  invited  with  parties  having  specimens 
for  sale  or  exchange. — Fred.  C.  Bowditch,  Tappan  St.,  Brookline,  Mass. 


900 


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